CN103342615A - Phosphorus and potassium decomposing biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Phosphorus and potassium decomposing biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103342615A
CN103342615A CN2013103154929A CN201310315492A CN103342615A CN 103342615 A CN103342615 A CN 103342615A CN 2013103154929 A CN2013103154929 A CN 2013103154929A CN 201310315492 A CN201310315492 A CN 201310315492A CN 103342615 A CN103342615 A CN 103342615A
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organic fertilizer
biological organic
preparation
fertilizer
powder
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CN103342615B (en
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王小磊
黄永鑫
高世宝
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Beijing Rui Hao Amperex Technology Limited
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RUIHAO (BEIJING) ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention relates to a phosphorus and potassium decomposing biological organic fertilizer prepared from bacillus megatherium and Bacillus mucilaginosus. The fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-40% of animal dung, 20-30% of kitchen waste, 15-25% of humic acid, 15-20% of crop straw, 1-2% of microelements and 4-6% of culture. A preparation method of the fertilizer comprises the following steps of: 1, inoculating bacillus megatherium to a nutritional gravy culture medium and the bacillus mucilaginosus to a silicate bacteria culture medium, and spraying a seed liquid after primary and secondary cultures onto a carrier to prepare conidial powder; 2, uniformly mixing 30-40% of animal dung, 20-30% of kitchen waste, 15-25% of turf, 15-20% of straw powder, 1% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% of zeolite powder, 1% of lime, 3-5% of boric sludge and 1% of gypsum; adjusting water content to 50-60% and stacking the materials into a fermentation tank; adding enzyme microorganisms and turning over mechanically; and fermenting for 3-4 weeks and drying, and crushing to obtain a finished product and packaging. According to the biological organic fertilizer, not only is the soil capacity enhanced, but also nutritional elements which can be absorbed and utilized are provided for crops.

Description

A kind of phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer, especially relate to a kind of phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In China's grain-production, chemical fertilizer nutrient drops into and accounts for about 80%-90%, the fertilizer nutrient drops into and only accounts for 10%-20%, and the fertilizer usage quantity has reached fertilizer and uses 50% of total amount, chemical fertilizer and fertilizer usage quantity respectively to account for 50% standard that has become internationally recognized soil Sustainable development before developed country's twenty or thirty years such as America and Europe, Japan.China's soil chemical fertilizer usage quantity is seriously excessive, and China ploughs for every mu and uses urea amount is more than 2 times of the U.S., and more than 3 times of Japan are Australian more than 8 times.The excessive use of chemical fertilizer not only causes the serious decline of the soil organism, has also caused a series of ecological problems such as soil compaction, salinization, body eutrophication, has a strong impact on grain security, the ecological safety of China.
Biological organic fertilizer is because of the organic content height, can alleviate and alleviate because of long-term single soil compaction that causes with other chemical substances to fertilize, improves soil physico-chemical characteristic, chessom, increase permeability, realizes the purpose of culture fertility.Simultaneously, the multiple biologically active substance that beneficial microorganism produces in the metabolic process in breeding, but hestening rooting, root is white, root is long, capillary radical amount increases, and suction, fertilizer sucting ability strengthen, and make that stem of plant is thick, seedling is strengthened.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of biological organic fertilizer, fowl and animal excrement, changing food waste, humic acids, crop material, multiple microbial strains and trace element are mixed in proportion, compound through aerobic fermentation, form a kind of biological organic fertilizer, wherein contain and can decompose bacillus megaterium and the bacillusmusilaginosiengineering that discharges phosphorus, potassium element, be used for farm crop can improve the soil structure, reduce the chemical fertilizer usage quantity, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce sick worm harm, improve crop yield and promote quality of agricultural product.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, following technical scheme is proposed:
1, a kind of phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological organic fertilizer, described biological organic fertilizer have following composition to constitute by weight percentage:
Fowl and animal excrement 30%-40%;
Changing food waste 20%-30%;
The peat composed of rotten mosses 15%-25%;
Straw powder 15%-20%;
Potassium primary phosphate 1%;
Zeolite powder 1%;
Lime 1%;
Boron mud 3%-5%;
Gypsum 1%.
The present invention also proposes to prepare the method for described biological organic fertilizer, and described biological organic fertilizer preparation method comprises by the preparation of the preparation of bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering spore powder, organic fertilizer and the preparation of biological organic fertilizer; Wherein,
The preparation of described bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering spore powder comprises:
A, primary inclined plane are cultivated: bacillus megaterium is inoculated on the nutrition bouillon media inclined-plane, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering is inoculated on the silicate bacteria medium slant, constant temperature culture was made bacteria suspension after 24 hours under 30 ℃ of conditions;
B, secondary seed are cultivated: in corresponding liquid nutrient medium, inoculum size is 10% with bacterial suspension inoculation, and the constant temperature shaking table is cultivated, and 180 rev/mins of shaking speed were cultivated 48-72 hours under 28-30 ℃ of conditions;
The preparation of c, spore powder: cultured seed liquid is sprayed on the carrier, and the pack of oven dry below 80 ℃ is standby, detects gemma quantity, and the gemma number is at 20-80 hundred million/gram.
The preparation of described organic fertilizer comprises:
A, raw material are prepared:
Fowl and animal excrement: comprise chicken and duck ight soil, pig, cattle and sheep ight soil, dehydration;
Changing food waste: standby after the solid-liquid separation;
The peat composed of rotten mosses: it is that 40-60 order powder for drying are standby that the peat composed of rotten mosses is pulverized;
Straw powder: crop material is ground into powder less than 2 centimetres;
The inorganic nutrients thing is prepared: potassium primary phosphate, zeolite powder, lime, boron mud, gypsum;
B, preparation of raw material:
By weight being mixed, fowl and animal excrement 30%-40%, changing food waste 20%-30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 15%-25%, straw powder 15%-20%, potassium primary phosphate 1%, zeolite powder 1%, lime 1%, boron mud 3%-5%, gypsum 1% mix thoroughly, regulate moisture 50%-60%, heap is gone into fermenter;
C, fermentation: above-mentioned mixed confected materials is put into fermenter, evenly add enzymatic microorganism simultaneously, throwing is turned in mechanize; 2 weeks of one time fermentation; 68-75 ℃ of fermentation top temperatures; 1-2 weeks of Secondary Fermentation, micro-aerobe fermentation, temperature is controlled at 48-55 ℃;
D, oven dry, pulverizing: with the above-mentioned material that ferments dry below 80 ℃ to water content be 18-23%, crushing screening, fineness is 60-80 orders, and is standby;
The preparation of described biological organic fertilizer comprises:
The bacillus megaterium of weight ratio 1:1 and the bacillusmusilaginosiengineering spore powder ratio in 5-10% for preparing is joined in the organic fertilizer of preparation, guarantee total viable count reach 5,000 ten thousand/more than the gram, each bacterium number of viable reach 2,000 ten thousand/more than the gram; Use stirrer fully to mix thoroughly, biological organic fertilizer is made in pack.
The present invention also proposes the using method of described biological organic fertilizer, comprising:
(1) spread manuer in holes, furrow executes: with the whole good post-trenching in soil or dig the hole, earlier fertilizer is sprinkled into, sows or plant seedling again after fertilizer and soil are mixed thoroughly;
(2) impose: a side or trench digging around the root system of crop impose earth backing behind the biological organic fertilizer;
(3) join and execute: join with farm manure and, substitute chemical fertilizer fully;
(4) early execute: carry and sow or plant seedling again after a few days ago being manured into soil, effect of fertilizer is best.
Described fertilizing method is forbidden fertilizer is executed at upper soll layer, uses after must turning over; Described fertilizing method should keep ground moistening, its best results.
The rate of fertilizer application regulation of described fertilizing method is as follows:
When using as base fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer is executed 140kg-200kg for every mu;
Topdress when using every mu of 50kg-100kg.
The advantage of the biological organic fertilizer of the present invention's preparation:
Owing to contain bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering in the biological organic fertilizer, can destroy insoluble phosphorus in the soil, potassium compound, decompose and discharge trace element in soluble phosphorus, potassium element and calcium, sulphur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, the manganese etc., both promoted soil fertility, provide the nutritive element that can absorb for crop again, produce physiologically active substances such as Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, cytokinin, microbial enzyme, bacterial polysaccharides simultaneously, promote crop alimentary to absorb and growth metabolism.Use biological organic fertilizer of the present invention, not only can reduce the chemical fertilizer usage quantity, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, can also improve the soil, improve quality of agricultural product.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
The composition of biological organic fertilizer of the present invention is by weight percentage: fowl and animal excrement 30%-40%, changing food waste 20%-30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 15%-25%, straw powder 15%-20%, potassium primary phosphate 1%, zeolite powder 1%, lime 1%, boron mud 3%-5%, gypsum 1%.
Biological organic fertilizer preparation method of the present invention comprises following three steps:
1, preparation bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering spore powder, the preparation method is as follows:
1.1, primary inclined plane cultivates: bacillus megaterium is inoculated on the nutrition bouillon media inclined-plane, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering is inoculated on the silicate bacteria medium slant, constant temperature culture is made bacteria suspension respectively under 30 ℃ of conditions after 24 hours;
1.2, secondary seed cultivates: in corresponding liquid nutrient medium, inoculum size is 10% with bacterial suspension inoculation, and the constant temperature shaking table is cultivated, and 180 rev/mins of shaking speed were cultivated 48-72 hours under 28-30 ℃ of conditions;
1.3, the preparation of spore powder: cultured seed liquid is sprayed on the carrier, and the pack of oven dry below 80 ℃ is standby, detects gemma quantity, and the gemma number is at 20-80 hundred million/gram.
2, preparation organic fertilizer, the preparation method is as follows:
2.1, raw material prepares:
Fowl and animal excrement: comprise chicken and duck ight soil, pig, cattle and sheep ight soil, dehydration;
Changing food waste: standby after the solid-liquid separation;
The peat composed of rotten mosses: it is that 40-60 order powder for drying are standby that the peat composed of rotten mosses is pulverized;
Straw powder: crop material is ground into powder less than 2 centimetres;
The inorganic nutrients thing is prepared: potassium primary phosphate, zeolite powder, lime, boron mud, gypsum;
2.2, preparation of raw material: mix thoroughly by weight fowl and animal excrement 30%-40%, changing food waste 20%-30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 15%-25%, straw powder 15%-20%, potassium primary phosphate 1%, zeolite powder 1%, lime 1%, boron mud 3%-5%, gypsum 1% mixed, regulate moisture 50%-60%, heap is gone into fermenter.
2.3, fermentation: above-mentioned mixed confected materials is put into fermenter, add simultaneously evenly enzymatic microorganism, throwing is turned in mechanize, with increase raw material sedimentation and oxygen level; One time fermentation needs about 2 time-of-weeks, and the fermentation top temperature must reach 68-75 ℃; Secondary Fermentation needs 1-2 time-of-weeks, is micro-aerobe fermentation this time, and temperature is controlled at 48-55 ℃;
2.4, oven dry, pulverize: with the above-mentioned material that ferments dry below 80 ℃ to water content be 18-23%, crushing screening, fineness is 60-80 orders, and is standby.
3, preparation biological organic fertilizer, its preparation method is as follows:
Join in the prepared organic fertilizer of step (2) preparing the bacillus megaterium of weight ratio 1:1 and the bacillusmusilaginosiengineering spore powder ratio in 5-10%, guarantee total viable count reach 5,000 ten thousand/gram more than, each bacterium number of viable reach 2,000 ten thousand/gram more than; Stirrer is fully mixed thoroughly, and biological organic fertilizer is made in pack.
4, the using method of the biological organic fertilizer of the present invention's production
4.1 suitable crop:
Suitable grain, economy, fruits and vegetables, forest, flowers and other crops.
4.2 fertilizing method:
(1) spread manuer in holes, furrow executes: be about to the whole good post-trenching in soil (or digging the hole), earlier fertilizer be sprinkled into, sow or plant seedling again after fertilizer and soil are mixed thoroughly;
(2) impose: any crop all can be around its root system a side or trench digging impose fertilizer after earth backing;
(3) join and execute: can substitute chemical fertilizer fully if join with farm manure;
(4) early execute: sow or plant seedling if having ready conditions preferably to carry again after a few days ago being manured into soil, effect of fertilizer is best;
(5) forbid fertilizer is executed at upper soll layer; As top application, must turn over;
(6) keep the ground moistening best results.
4.3 recommended fertilizer:
Using every mu of biological organic fertilizer as base fertilizer executes 140 kg-200 kg, topdresses and use every mu of 50 kg-100 kg.
Biological organic fertilizer of the present invention has following characteristic:
(1) organic 〉=45%;
(2) humic acids 〉=10%;
(3) living bacteria count 〉=0.5 hundred million/gram, each bacterium strain number are all more than 0.2 hundred million/gram;
(4) can effectively discharge phosphorus, the potassium compound of insoluble in the soil;
(5) contain trace element in calcium, sulphur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, the manganese etc., physiologically active substances such as microorganisms Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, cytokinin, microbial enzyme, bacterial polysaccharides promote crop alimentary to absorb and growth metabolism simultaneously.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect have been carried out further detailed description; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that, described biological organic fertilizer has following composition to constitute by weight percentage:
Fowl and animal excrement 30%-40%;
Changing food waste 20%-30%;
The peat composed of rotten mosses 15%-25%;
Straw powder 15%-20%;
Potassium primary phosphate 1%;
Zeolite powder 1%;
Lime 1%;
Boron mud 3%-5%;
Gypsum 1%.
2. prepare the method for biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described biological organic fertilizer preparation method comprises by the preparation of the preparation of bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering spore powder, organic fertilizer and the preparation of biological organic fertilizer; Wherein, the preparation of described bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering spore powder comprises:
A, primary inclined plane are cultivated: bacillus megaterium is inoculated on the nutrition bouillon media inclined-plane, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering is inoculated on the silicate bacteria medium slant, constant temperature culture was made bacteria suspension after 24 hours under 30 ℃ of conditions;
B, secondary seed are cultivated: in corresponding liquid nutrient medium, inoculum size is 10% with bacterial suspension inoculation, and the constant temperature shaking table is cultivated, and 180 rev/mins of shaking speed were cultivated 48-72 hours under 28-30 ℃ of conditions;
The preparation of c, spore powder: cultured seed liquid is sprayed on the carrier, and the pack of oven dry below 80 ℃ is standby, detects gemma quantity, and the gemma number is at 20-80 hundred million/gram;
The preparation of described organic fertilizer comprises:
A, raw material are prepared:
Fowl and animal excrement: comprise chicken and duck ight soil, pig, cattle and sheep ight soil, dehydration;
Changing food waste: standby after the solid-liquid separation;
The peat composed of rotten mosses: it is that 40-60 order powder for drying are standby that the peat composed of rotten mosses is pulverized;
Straw powder: crop material is ground into powder less than 2 centimetres;
The inorganic nutrients thing is prepared: potassium primary phosphate, zeolite powder, lime, boron mud, gypsum;
B, preparation of raw material:
By weight being mixed, fowl and animal excrement 30%-40%, changing food waste 20%-30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 15%-25%, straw powder 15%-20%, potassium primary phosphate 1%, zeolite powder 1%, lime 1%, boron mud 3%-5%, gypsum 1% mix thoroughly, regulate moisture 50%-60%, heap is gone into fermenter;
C, fermentation: above-mentioned mixed confected materials is put into fermenter, evenly add enzymatic microorganism simultaneously, throwing is turned in mechanize; 2 weeks of one time fermentation; 68-75 ℃ of fermentation top temperatures; 1-2 weeks of Secondary Fermentation, micro-aerobe fermentation, temperature is controlled at 48-55 ℃;
D, oven dry, pulverizing: with the above-mentioned material that ferments dry below 80 ℃ to water content be 18-23%, crushing screening, fineness is 60-80 orders, and is standby;
The preparation of described biological organic fertilizer comprises:
The bacillus megaterium of weight ratio 1:1 and the bacillusmusilaginosiengineering spore powder ratio in 5-10% for preparing is joined in the organic fertilizer of preparation, guarantee total viable count reach 5,000 ten thousand/more than the gram, each bacterium number of viable reach 2,000 ten thousand/more than the gram; Use stirrer fully to mix thoroughly, biological organic fertilizer is made in pack.
3. the using method of biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described biological organic fertilizer suit grain, economy, fruits and vegetables, forest, flowers crop;
The fertilizing method of described biological organic fertilizer comprises:
(1) spread manuer in holes, furrow executes: with the whole good post-trenching in soil or dig the hole, earlier fertilizer is sprinkled into, sows or plant seedling again after fertilizer and soil are mixed thoroughly;
(2) impose: a side or trench digging around the root system of crop impose earth backing behind the biological organic fertilizer;
(3) join and execute: join with farm manure and, substitute chemical fertilizer fully;
(4) early execute: carry and sow or plant seedling again after a few days ago being manured into soil, effect of fertilizer is best.
4. the fertilizing method of biological organic fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described fertilizing method is forbidden fertilizer is executed at upper soll layer, uses after must turning over; Described fertilizing method should keep ground moistening, its best results.
5. the fertilizing method of biological organic fertilizer according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
The rate of fertilizer application regulation of described fertilizing method is as follows:
When using as base fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer is executed 140kg-200kg for every mu;
Topdress when using every mu of 50kg-100kg.
CN201310315492.9A 2013-07-25 2013-07-25 A kind of phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN103342615B (en)

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CN103588583A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-02-19 瑞昊(北京)环境工程有限公司 Special bioorganic fertilizer for tea tree, and preparation method and application method thereof
CN103626549A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-12 瑞昊(北京)环境工程有限公司 Special bio-organic fertilizer for tea trees and preparation method thereof
CN103694007A (en) * 2013-11-18 2014-04-02 广西金穗生物科技有限责任公司 Double fermentation process for bio-organic fertilizer production
CN104086306A (en) * 2014-07-04 2014-10-08 四川新绿盛生物工程技术有限公司 Special compound microbial fertilizer for kiwi fruits and preparation method thereof
CN104402594A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-11 曲少春 Green microbe fertilizer promoting plant growth
CN104447125A (en) * 2014-12-16 2015-03-25 河北省微生物研究所 High lysine-rich fertilizer special for corn and preparation method of high lysine-rich fertilizer
CN105274026A (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-01-27 湖北大学 Potassium dissolving microorganism and application thereof in crop planting
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CN103694007B (en) * 2013-11-18 2015-12-30 广西金穗生态科技股份有限公司 A kind of secondary fermentation produced for biological organic fertilizer
CN103694007A (en) * 2013-11-18 2014-04-02 广西金穗生物科技有限责任公司 Double fermentation process for bio-organic fertilizer production
CN103626549A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-12 瑞昊(北京)环境工程有限公司 Special bio-organic fertilizer for tea trees and preparation method thereof
CN103588583A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-02-19 瑞昊(北京)环境工程有限公司 Special bioorganic fertilizer for tea tree, and preparation method and application method thereof
CN103588583B (en) * 2013-11-28 2016-04-06 瑞昊(北京)环境工程集团有限公司 A kind of tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special and preparations and applicatio method thereof
CN104086306A (en) * 2014-07-04 2014-10-08 四川新绿盛生物工程技术有限公司 Special compound microbial fertilizer for kiwi fruits and preparation method thereof
CN104402594A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-11 曲少春 Green microbe fertilizer promoting plant growth
CN104447125A (en) * 2014-12-16 2015-03-25 河北省微生物研究所 High lysine-rich fertilizer special for corn and preparation method of high lysine-rich fertilizer
CN104447125B (en) * 2014-12-16 2017-04-05 河北省微生物研究所 High-lysine corn special fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105274026A (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-01-27 湖北大学 Potassium dissolving microorganism and application thereof in crop planting
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CN105462595A (en) * 2015-12-21 2016-04-06 武汉飞喜乐农业科技有限公司 Acid soil modifier and preparation method thereof
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