CN102786328B - Fermentation material, plant growing medium and preparation method - Google Patents
Fermentation material, plant growing medium and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102786328B CN102786328B CN201210229916.5A CN201210229916A CN102786328B CN 102786328 B CN102786328 B CN 102786328B CN 201210229916 A CN201210229916 A CN 201210229916A CN 102786328 B CN102786328 B CN 102786328B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention is applicable to the technical field of environmental protection, and provides a fermentation material, a plant growing medium and a preparation method. The fermentation material comprises fish pond mud, animal manure, straw powder, composite inocula, etc. By utilizing the composite inocula, the fermentation material can decompose organic matter of the fish pond mud and the animal manure into humus, carbohydrate, amino acids, enzymes, plant auxins, etc., and effectively kill harmful microorganisms and weed seeds at the same time. Through using a proper amount of fly ash and bentonite, adhesion force onto soil and rock and impact-resistance strength of the plant growing medium can be realized, and through using low-grade rock phosphate and the bentonite, phosphor elements loss due to rainwater erosion can be effectively prevented, so that the plant growing medium has a good function of nutrition buffer and slow release. The preparation method of the plant growing medium is simple to operate, low in cost, and very suitable for industrial production and ecological treatment of stone pits and abandoned mines.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection, relate in particular to a kind of fermentation material, plant living base material and preparation method.
Background technology
The development of protecting slope ecology technology comes from development and the application of lawn technology.Since the thirties in last century, the countries such as American and Britain, method, day start the hydraulic pressure grass planting technology of sowing grass seeds by duster and develop rapidly America and Europe and south east asia.To the eighties, Japan starts technique of rock slope is carried out to degree of depth research and development, and particularly, since 1976, Japan plants living base material to slope ecological and carried out broad research, obtain quantum jump, solved preferably the ecological protection problem of barren and high steep native rock side slope.
The ecological revetment technology applied research of China is started late, and the nineties in last century, in the past general adopt spread grass seeds more, and cave is spread or trench sowing, turfing, slabstone skeleton grass planting, the better simply bank protecting method of hollow six rib brick grass planting geometric ratio.Along with developing rapidly of the Infrastructure such as motorway, China also introduces and has used for reference external advanced person's technology and successful experience, nowadays, the landscape engineering technology such as picture three-dimension vegetative net, mortar flag stone skeleton, geonet, spray sowing, geo-grid, widespread use in motorway, railway and the discarded waste and old mine of China various places and refuse landfill are processed.But which kind of slope ecological recovery technique all be unable to do without the application of planting in a large number living base material.
Traditional living base material of planting comprises turfy soil, ABT root-inducing powder, VA Mycorrhizal Fungi, agriculture bacterium and various organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer etc., although can promote to a certain extent the g and D of plant, but cost is all higher or draw materials difficulty, drought-enduring fertilizer conservation erosion wear resistance also is difficult to get both, and plants the function that living base material nutrition does not have the buffering slowly-releasing.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fermentation material, solve in prior art and plant living base material cost height and draw materials difficult technical problem and a preparation method who plants living base material.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of fermentation material consists of the component of following weight percentage:
Described composite fungus agent comprises cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and the fermented yeast that weight ratio is 1～3:2～5:0.5～1:3～6.
The present invention further provides one kind and plant living base material, comprise the component of following weight percentage:
The present invention also provides one kind to plant living base material preparation method, comprises the steps:
Above-mentioned fermentation material is provided;
This fermentation material is being greater than to 20 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 10 ~ 15 days, and in this fermentation step, the turning frequency is 1～2 time/24 hours;
Fermentation material after water-holding agent, flyash, wilkinite, low grade rock phosphate and this fermentative processing is mixed, obtains planting living base material precursor:
This is planted to living base material precursor appropriateness crushing and screening, obtain planting living base material.
Fermentation material of the present invention, provide and enrich cheap carbon nitrogen source for planting living base material by fish pond pond sludge and animal excrement, by using composite fungus agent, organic substance decomposing in fish pond pond sludge and animal excrement, for forming soil ulmin, carbohydrate, amino acid, enzyme and plant hormone etc., can effectively be killed harmful microorganism, weed seed wherein through thermophilic fermentation simultaneously; The present invention plants living base material by using appropriate flyash, realized planting cohesive force and the resistance to impact shock of living base material on soil, rock, by using the release that makes available phosphorus that interacts in growing process of low grade rock phosphate, wilkinite consistent with the nutritional needs of plant, make to plant living base material and there is good buffering slow-release function.The present invention plants living base material preparation method, simple to operate, with low cost, is very suitable for suitability for industrialized production, can realize the low-cost maintenance of vegetation in the ecological managements such as stone quarry and abandoned mine.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the embodiment of the present invention provides and plants living base material preparation method schema.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of fermentation material, the component of following weight percentage, consists of:
Described composite fungus agent comprises cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and the fermented yeast that weight ratio is 1～3:2～5:0.5～1:3～6.
This fish pond pond sludge refers to the pond sludge under piscina, and foster fish species, the time limit of breeding fish of piscina is not particularly limited, but is preferably the piscina of the time limit more than 1 year.The weight of this fish pond pond sludge refers to the butt weight of fish pond pond sludge.The wide material sources of fish pond pond sludge, and nutritive substance is abundant, can provide abundant, cheap Carbon and nitrogen sources for planting living base material.This fish pond pond sludge shared weight ratio in fermentation material of the present invention is 15 ~ 20%, for example 15%, 18%, 20%.
The movement that these animal excrement are various animals, be preferably the ight soil of domestic animal, poultry, for example, pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure, sheep excrement etc.The weight of these animal excrement refers to the butt weight of animal excrement, the wide material sources of animal excrement, and also nutritive substance is abundant, also can provide abundant, cheap Carbon and nitrogen sources for planting living base material.These animal excrement shared weight ratio in fermentation material of the present invention is 55 ~ 65%, such as 55%, 60%, 62%, 65% etc.
Stalk refers to wheat, paddy rice, corn, potato class, oil plant, cotton, sugarcane and other farm crop remainder after the results seed, and straw powder is that above-mentioned remainder is pulverized, the powder obtained.Not restriction particularly, such as rice straw powder, wheat stalk powder etc.The straw powder wide material sources, and nutritive substance is abundant, also can provide abundant, cheap Carbon and nitrogen sources for planting living base material.This straw powder shared weight ratio in fermentation material of the present invention is 15 ~ 25%, such as 15%, 20%, 23%, 25% etc.
Particularly, this composite fungus agent comprises cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and fermented yeast.Wherein, fermented yeast (yest) is psychrophile, and after domestication, its tolerable temperature is below 35 ℃; Cellulose-decomposing bacterium (cellulose decomposing bacteria) is mesophilic bacteria, and its tolerable temperature is below 55 ℃; Bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete are the high temperature bacterium, and its tolerable temperature generally can reach 70 ℃.Above-mentioned each bacterial classification can mate and pass through domestication from row filter, but also can adopt bio-fermentation agent or composite fungus agent on the market.
By low temperature, middle temperature and the collocation of high temperature bacterium are used, at first utilize the amount reproduction decomposing organic matter release of heat of low temperature bacterial classification in compost, when leavening temperature acquires a certain degree, mesophilic bacteria starts to play a role, and psychrophile is suppressed more than medium temperature condition, and leavening temperature continues to raise, when reaching 55 ℃, temperature enters hot stage, except dissolved organic matter continues to decompose, the complicated organism such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose also start to decompose, and soil ulmin progressively forms.In this stage, thermophile bacteria particularly bacillus acidocldarius replaces the activity of mesophilic bacteria gradually, when temperature is raised to 70 ℃, microorganism mortality or enter dormant state, after continuing for some time, temperature starts to descend, now many pathogenic bacterias, worm's ovum and weed seed all are killed, for plant-growth provides a good growing environment.
The weight ratio of this cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and fermented yeast is 1～3:2～5:0.5～1:3～6,, be preferably 1～2:2～4:0.5～1:4～5.5, for example, 2:3:1:4.By selecting preferred weight ratio, psychrophile (as fermented yeast) is more responsive to temperature, can make the very fast and fermentation fast quick-recovery capacity of decomposition of later stage of the intensification in fermentation starting stage.
In this fermentation material, the consumption of water is restriction not, after fish pond pond sludge, animal excrement, straw powder and composite fungus agent are mixed into 100% in front, add water and regulates mixture water content to 55～60%.
Further, this fermentation material is by break process, and particle diameter is less than 5 millimeters, for example 1 ~ 4 millimeter.If the particle diameter of fermentation material is meticulous, treat that the porosity of fermentation materials is not high, forced ventilation oxygen supply effect is bad; And excessive, material specific surface area is too small, ferments insufficient.
Fermentation material of the present invention, by animal excrement, fish pond pond sludge and straw powder, provide carbon nitrogen sources nutritious, cheap, wide material sources for planting living base material; By using composite fungus agent, can effectively above-mentioned animal excrement, fish pond pond sludge and straw powder be converted into to soil ulmin, and weed seed and harmful microorganism are wherein killed, for plant-growth provides good environment, the effect of ecological revetment is improved greatly.
The present invention also provides one kind to plant living base material, comprises the component of following weight percentage:
Originally plant the composition of the fermentation material used in living base material and aforementioned identical, do not repeat to set forth at this.
This water-holding agent is restriction not, and for example, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, ammonium polyacrylate, starch grafted acrylate, be preferably starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization thing (starch grafted acrylate).Starch grafted acrylate is white or faint yellow particulate state crystal, main component is: starch 18% ~ 27%+ acrylate 62% ~ 71%+ water 10%+ linking agent 0.5% ~ 1.0%, be mainly used in reproducing area while retaining and conserveing soil moisture, be generally the time more than 1 year work-ing life, but the proterties such as water absorbent rate and absorption speed are splendid.Water suction simultaneous test according to laboratory to the loess vat liquor, can absorb the moisture of 150 ~ 160 times of deadweights in after meeting water 15 ~ 20 minutes of such water-holding agent.The weight percentage of this water-holding agent in planting living base material is 0.1 ~ 0.2%.
The Main Function of this flyash in planting living base material is tackiness agent, impels to plant living base material and scar bonding and increase to plant and gives birth to the anti-shearing strong of layer and tension is strong, thereby increase its Anti-erosion intensity, in general, flyash is more, and soil cohesion is stronger, and erosion wear resistance is better.But flyash too much easily causes plants living laminate knot, rate of emergence reduces, and root system of plant is difficult to normal extension, and soil pH value is unbalance.Therefore in conjunction with planting living base material in the bonding force of scar and the factor aspect plant-growth two, through overtesting, it is 8 ~ 15% that this flyash accounts for the weight percentage of planting living base material, for example, 12%, on the one hand can make to plant living base material and effectively be bonded on scar, the suitable pH value that guarantees on the other hand to plant living base material makes plant or its seed can normal growth.
This wilkinite main chemical compositions is silicon-dioxide, aluminium sesquioxide and water, also contains the trace elements such as iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium.Wilkinite has strong water absorbability and swelling property, adsorbable 8～15 times to the water yield of own vol, volumetric expansion can reach several times to 30 times; Wilkinite can be dispersed into as a form of gel and suspension in water medium, this medium solution has certain glutinousness, variability and oilness, stronger cation exchange capacity (CEC) is arranged, various gas, liquid, organic substance are had to certain adsorptive power, maximal absorptive capacity can reach 5 times to the weight of self, the admixture of it and water, mud or fine sand has plasticity-and agglutinating value(of coal), has surface-active acid bleaching soil and can adsorb colored ion.The present invention plants living base material by using wilkinite, can significantly improve water conservation, the drought-resistant ability of planting living base material, for the growth of plant or its seed provides good environment.Further, of the present invention planting in living base material also comprises low grade rock phosphate, and wilkinite mixes with low grade rock phosphate, can the phosphorus in low grade rock phosphate be activated, thereby raising plant or its seed is to the utilization ratio of phosphorus in low grade rock phosphate.Because wilkinite has larger ion-exchange capacity, when planting after living base material carries out alien earth sparging, can near its rhizosphere, form slightly acidic environment in plant growth and development process, and this slightly acidic environment can to the demand of nutrition, dynamic change occur along with the plant different times, to be wilkinite also can change the available phosphorus of the different concns that replace out to meet the demand of different times Plant To Nutrient to the activation effect of ground phosphate rock along with the pH value of this sour environment in the interaction of wilkinite and ground phosphate rock.This wilkinite is Powdered, and particle diameter was 20 mesh sieves, and it is 2 ~ 3% that this wilkinite accounts for the weight percentage of planting living base material, for example 2.5%.
The full phosphorus amount of this low grade rock phosphate is 26～34%(P
2o
5%), available phosphorus content is less than 3%, and this low grade rock phosphate is crossed 80～100 mesh sieves.The weight ratio of this wilkinite and low grade rock phosphate is: 0.5～1:3 ~ 4.The weight percentage of this fermentation material is restriction not, after above-mentioned water-holding agent, wilkinite, low grade rock phosphate are mixed, with fermentation material, total amount is adjusted to 100%, and the weight percentage of this fermentation material is preferably 75 ~ 85%.
Further, this plants the urea that living base material also comprises that weight percentage is 6 ~ 8%, the vitriolate of tartar that weight percentage is 4 ~ 6%; By this urea and vitriolate of tartar, provide a certain amount of nitrogenous source and potassium source for planting living base material, be conducive to seed and germinate fast and seedling early stage.
The embodiment of the present invention is planted living base material, selects low grade rock phosphate, and in this low grade rock phosphate, the content of available phosphorus is very low, even plant living base material experience, exposes to the sun and rain, and phosphoric wherein also firmly is stabilized in low grade rock phosphate, not there will be leakage; But in the ordinary course of things, plant is difficult to therefrom or its available phosphorus is used.The embodiment of the present invention plant living base material, the activation by wilkinite under rhizosphere slightly acidic environment condition, can increase the supply of phosphorus greatly, makes plant can obtain required phosphorus nutrition in process of growth.
Fig. 1 shows that the embodiment of the present invention plants living base material preparation method's schema, comprises the steps:
Step S01, supply raw materials
Above-mentioned fermentation material is provided;
Step S02, fermentation
By this fermentation material, at the condition bottom fermentation 10 ~ 15 days that is greater than 20 ℃, in this fermentation step, the turning frequency is 1～2 time/24 hours;
Step S03, mix
Fermentation material after water-holding agent, flyash, wilkinite, low grade rock phosphate and this fermentative processing is mixed, obtains planting living base material precursor:
Step 04, pulverization process
This is planted to the fragmentation of living base material precursor, obtain planting living base material.
In step S01 and S03, this fermentation material, water-holding agent, flyash, wilkinite, low grade rock phosphate etc. and aforesaid component, content are identical, at this, do not repeat to set forth.
In step S02, by fermentation material, in room temperature, be condition bottom fermentation more than 20 ℃ 10 ~ 15 days, the turning frequency is 1～2 time/24 hours, between yeast phase, by fermentation materials temperature and oxygen concn feedback, carries out intermittent type air blast oxygen supply cooling, reaches the purpose of abundant dissolved oxygen.After aerobic fermentation, moisture is down to below 40%; Various pathogenic bacterias, induced worm egg death rate reach more than 99%; Remove stink fully; Various organism, Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen are decomposed; Beneficial microorganism amount reproduction, growth; The meta-bolites of secretion can promote the generation of plant growth and antagonism soil-borne disease.
By the fermentative processing of step S02, poultry, poultry manure, fish pond pond sludge are adjusted to the suitable C/N ratio that meets fermentation as main raw material(s) and straw powder as auxiliary material: 25 ~ 35.Like this, compound decomposing microbial inoculum can be at suitable moisture, and C/N is than bringing into play fast effect under condition.
Further, after the fermentative processing of step S02, by fermentation maturity, good material carries out pulverization process again and makes its fineness be less than 5mm.
In step S03, fermentation material after water-holding agent, flyash, wilkinite, low grade rock phosphate and this fermentative processing is mixed, obtain planting living base material precursor: this is planted to the pulverizing of living base material precursor through step S04, make its particle diameter be less than 5 millimeters, the moisture of planting living base material after pulverizing again is adjusted to below 30%, in packing into, be lined with in the Polywoven Bag of polyethylene inner bag, what obtain using at any time plants living base material.
The embodiment of the present invention is planted living base material preparation method, and simple to operate, with low cost, productivity effect is high, is very suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Plant living base material preparation method and be described in detail above-mentioned below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Plant living base material the preparation method it comprise the following steps:
1, material preparation: by following weight percentage preparation fermentation material; fish pond pond sludge 15%(is in butt), poultry, poultry manure 60%, straw powder 24%, compound decomposing microbial inoculum 1%; after above-mentioned weight is 100%; then adding water adjusting water content is 58% and is uniformly mixed with compound decomposing microbial inoculum; the weight proportion of compound decomposing microbial inoculum is as follows: comprise cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and fermented yeast, its weight ratio is followed successively by 2:3:1:4;
2, fermentation maturity: the above-mentioned compound of handling well the fermentation vat of packing into is carried out to stacking, use portable the throwing to turn over machine every day by material turning once, by the data feedback that is embedded in stacking below oxygen concn electrode and temperature electrode, stacking is supplemented to the ventilation oxygen supply simultaneously, oxygen concn is set > 10%, temperature range is 50 ~ 60 ℃, to reach the purpose of abundant dissolved oxygen, ferment 12 days;
3, pulverization process: by above-mentioned abundant fermentation maturity, good material carries out pulverization process again to make its granularity is 4mm;
4, base material preparation: the vitriolate of tartar that the urea that the ground phosphate rock that the wilkinite that the flyash that the water-holding agent that is 0.1% by weight percentage, weight percentage are 8%, weight percentage are 2%, weight percentage are 7%, weight percentage are 6%, weight percentage are 4% adds in the material after above-mentioned pulverization process;
5, refinement screening: after above-mentioned material stirring is mixed, pulverized the 5mm sieve, with plastic knitting bearer polyethylene inner bag, pack, moisture content of finished products is controlled at below 30%, makes the drought-enduring Anti-erosion type that contains certain functional microorganism and plants living base material.
Embodiment 2
Plant the preparation method of living base material, comprise the following steps:
1, material preparation: by following weight percentage preparation fermentation material; fish pond pond sludge 18%, poultry, poultry manure 56%, straw powder 24%, compound decomposing microbial inoculum 2%; after above-mentioned weight is 100%; then adding water adjusting water content is 55% and is uniformly mixed with compound decomposing microbial inoculum; the weight proportion of compound decomposing microbial inoculum is as follows: comprise cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and fermented yeast, its weight ratio is followed successively by: 2:2:0.5:5.5;
2, fermentation maturity: the above-mentioned compound of handling well the fermentation vat of packing into is carried out to stacking, use portable the throwing to turn over machine every day by material turning once, by the data feedback that is embedded in stacking below oxygen concn electrode and temperature electrode, stacking is supplemented to the ventilation oxygen supply simultaneously, oxygen concn is set > 10%, temperature range is 50 ~ 60 ℃, to reach the purpose of abundant dissolved oxygen, ferment 15 days;
3, pulverization process: by above-mentioned abundant fermentation maturity, good material carries out pulverization process again to make its granularity is 4mm;
4, base material preparation: the vitriolate of tartar that the urea that the ground phosphate rock that the wilkinite that the flyash that the water-holding agent that is 0.15% by weight percentage, weight percentage are 10%, weight percentage are 2.5%, weight percentage are 8%, weight percentage are 6.5%, weight percentage are 5% adds in the material after above-mentioned pulverization process;
5, refinement screening: after above-mentioned material stirring is mixed, pulverized the 5mm sieve, with plastic knitting bearer polyethylene inner bag, pack, moisture content of finished products is controlled at below 30%, makes the drought-enduring Anti-erosion type that contains certain functional microorganism and plants living base material.
Embodiment 3
Plant the preparation method of living base material, comprise the following steps:
1, material preparation: by following weight percentage preparation fermentation material, fish pond pond sludge 20%, poultry, poultry manure 55%, straw powder 23%, compound decomposing microbial inoculum 2%, after above-mentioned weight is 100%, then adding water adjusting water content is 60% and is uniformly mixed with compound decomposing microbial inoculum, the weight proportion of compound decomposing microbial inoculum is as follows: comprise cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and fermented yeast, its weight ratio is followed successively by: 1:4:1:4;
2, fermentation maturity: the above-mentioned compound of handling well the fermentation vat of packing into is carried out to stacking, use portable the throwing to turn over machine every day by material turning once, by the data feedback that is embedded in stacking below oxygen concn electrode and temperature electrode, stacking is supplemented to the ventilation oxygen supply simultaneously, oxygen concn is set > 10%, temperature range is 50 ~ 60 ℃, to reach the purpose of abundant dissolved oxygen, ferment 12 days;
3, pulverization process: by above-mentioned abundant fermentation maturity, good material carries out pulverization process again to make its granularity is 4mm;
4, base material preparation: the vitriolate of tartar that the urea that the ground phosphate rock that the wilkinite that the flyash that the water-holding agent that is 0.2% by weight percentage, weight percentage are 12%, weight percentage are 2%, weight percentage are 8%, weight percentage are 7%, weight percentage are 5.5% adds in the material after above-mentioned pulverization process;
5, refinement screening: after above-mentioned material stirring is mixed, pulverized the 5mm sieve, with plastic knitting bearer polyethylene inner bag, pack, moisture content of finished products is controlled at below 30%, makes the drought-enduring Anti-erosion type that contains certain functional microorganism and plants living base material.
Application examples
The present invention plants the application of living base material in the slope of rock mass spray sowing, and ,Ji Gang stone quarry, Buji Yunan, the Shenzhen side slope regulation afforestation project of take is example:
Approximately 350,000 ㎡ of bare side sloping that stone causes are got in ,Ji Gang stone quarry, Buji Yunan, Shenzhen owing to cutting into a mountain, this engineering area is large, the gradient is steep, the steep 90 degree right angles of part rock slope, even adverse slope appears in subregion, vertical slope height even surpasses 160 meters, and progression reaches 14 grades, for growth and the later stage vegetation maintenance of the adhering to of construction, soil moved in to improve the original, plant all brought great difficulty.
The composition of mixed planting material for rocky slope, with every 1m
3soil adds following calculation:
Described soil mixes with 3:1 after being sieved by local red earth and vegetable garden soil.
The preparation of mixed planting material for rocky slope, by the soil of said ratio, plant after living base material, gypsum stir at normal temperatures and make and mix and to plant living siccative, standby;
Sequence of construction is as follows:
Spray is mixed:
The slope of rock mass of above-mentioned preparation is sprayed to mixed mixing and plant living siccative and be placed in the stirring bucket of wet-spraying machine, and add water to be modulated into pulpous state, the effect by wet-spraying machine inner plunger pump is ejected into it on slope of rock mass that hangs with galvanized wire mesh.Emitted dose is above-mentioned 70% of the raw material of planting, and the thickness be injected on scar is 7 ~ 10 ㎝, makes scar form the spray sowing layer;
Sow grass seeds by duster:
Plant seed is mixed in remaining spray sowing siccative, and stir and become the slope of rock mass that contains seed and plant raw material, the recycling wet-spraying machine covers its injection above-mentionedly to plant that to give birth to layer upper, and the mean thickness of injection is 2 ~ 3 ㎝.The above-mentioned two kinds of purposes of planting raw material of sequential fuel injection are to make containing the seed-bearing raw material of planting to be positioned at stromal surface 2 ~ 3 ㎝ layers, are conducive to improve rate of emergence and surviving rate.
Effect: after construction, 6 ~ 8 days seed bud ratios reach 80%, 1 month basic Cheng Ping, to the Aboveground Biomass of Young of grass after 2 months be more than 12 centimetres, coverage is more than 92%, careless seedling is grown verdant luxuriant, specious.The average Chen Miao of shrub Leucaena leucocephala (L.) leads 0.6 ~ 1.2 strain/㎡.Because steep mountain, slope is high, maintenance is extremely difficult, although but between preserving period, heavy rain and extra torrential rain have occurred repeatedly during in April, 2010 ~ June in Shenzhen area, planting living layer weathers lighter, the not avalanche of occurrence of large-area and peeling off, November in the same year ~ December, the Continuous Drought number of days reached about 40 days, and vegetation does not occur serious withered or lose dead yet, plant the drought-enduring Anti-erosion effect of giving birth to layer very obvious, resistance to overturning is better.Maintenance cost is used tradition to plant living base material and compares 1/3 left and right of economizing on the use of funds.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a fermentation material consists of the component of following weight percentage:
Described composite fungus agent comprises cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and the fermented yeast that weight ratio is 1-3: 2-5: 0.5-1: 3-6.
2. fermentation material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described composite fungus agent, the weight ratio of cellulose-decomposing bacterium, bacillus acidocldarius, thermophilic actinomycete and fermented yeast is 1-2: 2-4: 0.5-1: 4-5.5.
3. fermentation material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described fermentation material is less than 5 millimeters.
4. plant living base material for one kind, comprise the component of following weight percentage:
In described low grade rock phosphate, full phosphorus amount is 26-34%, and available phosphorus content is less than 3%, and described low grade rock phosphate is crossed the 80-100 mesh sieve.
5. as claimed in claim 4ly plant living base material, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described wilkinite and low grade rock phosphate is 0.5-1: 3-4.
6. as claimed in claim 4ly plant living base material, it is characterized in that, the described urea that living base material also comprises that weight percentage is 6-8%, the vitriolate of tartar that weight percentage is 4-6% of planting.
7. the preparation method who plants living base material as claimed in claim 4, comprise the steps:
Provide claim 1-3 any one described fermentation material;
Described fermentation material is being greater than to 20 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 10-15 days, and in described fermenting process, the turning frequency is 1-2 time/24 hours;
Fermentation material after described water-holding agent, flyash, wilkinite, low grade rock phosphate and described fermentative processing is mixed, obtain planting living base material precursor;
Plant the fragmentation of living base material precursor by described, obtain planting living base material.
8. the preparation method who plants living base material as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, before the described step of planting living base material precursor of preparation, also comprises that the fermentation material after described fermentative processing is crushed to particle diameter is less than 5 millimeters.
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| CN102786328B true CN102786328B (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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| CN102995645A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-03-27 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Quick ecological regreening method for steep soil slope |
| CN103253999A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-21 | 苏州谷力生物科技有限公司 | Microbial compound organic fertilizer |
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| CN111662105A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-15 | 北京柏嘉伦环保科技有限公司 | Method for degrading sludge pathogenic bacteria by using extreme microorganisms, product and application |
| CN112358357B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-07-30 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Meadowrue-based ground surface covering material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112655307A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-04-16 | 北京岩土工程勘察院有限公司 | Guniting for ecological restoration of stone slope and ecological restoration technology thereof |
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| CN101486609A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-22 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Ecological organic fertilizer containing organic, inorganic and beneficial microorganism |
| CN101786931A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2010-07-28 | 徐贵阁 | Green bioactive organic fertilizer |
| CN102217469A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-19 | 陆振冈 | Organic cultivation medium and application method thereof |
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| KR20110055435A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-25 | 주식회사 그린에프아이에스 | Method for manufacturing soil improvement material using livestock excrement and quicklime |
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| CN101486609A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-22 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Ecological organic fertilizer containing organic, inorganic and beneficial microorganism |
| CN101786931A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2010-07-28 | 徐贵阁 | Green bioactive organic fertilizer |
| CN102217469A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-19 | 陆振冈 | Organic cultivation medium and application method thereof |
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