Background technology
In China's grain-production, chemical fertilizer nutrient drops into and accounts for 80~90% left and right, fertilizer precipitation only accounts for 10~20%, and fertilizer usage quantity has reached 50% of Fertilizer application total amount before developed country's twenty or thirty year such as American-European, Japanese, chemical fertilizer and fertilizer usage quantity respectively account for 50% standard that has become internationally recognized soil Sustainable development.China's soil fertilizer application amount is seriously excessive, and every mu of use urea amount of ploughing of China is more than 2 times of the U.S., more than 3 times of Japan, more than 8 times of Australia.The excessive use of chemical fertilizer not only causes the degradation of the soil organism, has also caused a series of ecological problems such as soil compaction, salinization, body eutrophication, has a strong impact on grain security, the ecological safety of China.
Changing food waste is after microorganism fermentation maturity, and organic content is high, and content of humic acid can reach more than 40% simultaneously, contains the required middle trace element of amino acid, bioactive peptide and crop simultaneously, can be used as the fertilizer raw material of high-quality.
In current agriculture production, along with the expanding day in pollution-less agriculture and green food market, the fertilizer that fertilizer has become production pollution-less agriculture and green food to change.And wormcast is a kind of high-efficiency organic fertilizer, its water conservation ventilation property is higher 3 times than general soil.Not only contain each dvielements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc, and contain various trace elements and 18 seed amino acids such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, magnesium, containing organic matter 30~40%, probiotics reaches approximately 100,000,000 every gram.Wormcast fertilizer can be promoted the formation of soil aggregate, improve soil permeability, water-retentivity, keeping fertility, be beneficial to breeding and the increase of microorganism, make soil receive nutrition and store could strengthening of nutrition, negligible through the postdigestive organic matter particle of earthworm, can supply with more chance and allow Soil and air contact, from substantially solving soil compaction problem.In addition, contain large quantities of microorganisms in wormcast fertilizer, more valuable is to contain at least two or more antagonistic microbes.These large quantities of beneficial microorganisms are executed after soil, can suppress the breeding of harmful bacteria, and probiotics is bred expansion, reduce the generation of soil-borne disease, improve farm crop resistance.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation and application method, in this biological organic fertilizer, contain organism and inorganics, make full use of waste and balanced in nutrition, various organic raw material and auxiliary material are mixed in proportion, compound by fermentation, formed described biological organic fertilizer, by the method, make the amount of effective ingredient in fertilizer reach best, use it for farm crop and can improve Soil structure, reduce fertilizer application amount, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce the harm of disease worm, improve crop yield and promote quality of agricultural product etc.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special, described tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special comprises organic stock and adjunct, and the composition of described organic raw material and the parts by weight of various compositions are 15~20 parts of 30~40 parts of changing food wastes, 30~40 parts, earthworm ight soil, 20~25 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses and crop materials; The composition of described auxiliary material and the parts by weight of various compositions are 50~60 parts, 1 part of potassium primary phosphate, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part, boron mud and water.
Further, the composition of described organic raw material and the parts by weight of various compositions are 16~17 parts of 34~38 parts of changing food wastes, 33~36 parts, earthworm ight soil, 22~23 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses and crop materials; The composition of described auxiliary material and the parts by weight of various compositions are 50~60 parts, 1 part of potassium primary phosphate, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part, boron mud and water.
Further, the water content of described earthworm ight soil is≤30%.
The preparation method of tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. raw material is processed: it is 40~60 object peat composed of rotten mosses powder that the described peat composed of rotten mosses is pulverized, dry rear standby; It is the stalk end of 1~2cm that described crop material is pulverized;
2. take by weight earthworm ight soil, changing food waste, peat composed of rotten mosses powder, stalk end, potassium primary phosphate, zeolite powder and boron mud, and mixed;
3. the water of 50~60 parts is joined in the material mixing of step described in 2., stir, and joined in fermenter;
4. enzymatic microorganism is joined in the fermenter of step described in 3., throwing is turned in mechanize, and enzymatic microorganism is uniformly dispersed;
5. fermentation: ferment for the first time at 55~60 ℃, fermentation time is 13~15 days; At 45~50 ℃, ferment for the second time, fermentation time is 7~14 days again;
6. by step 5. the described material fermenting 80 ℃ of following oven dry, and is pulverized mistake 60~80 mesh sieves; Then packing, obtains described tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special.
Further, the material by ferment of step described in 6. dry to water content be 18~23%.
Further, step 5. described fermentation be for the second time micro-aerobe fermentation.
An application method for the tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special that described method is prepared, described application method is that described biological organic fertilizer is executed at upper soll layer, the rear use of turning over.
Further, the amount of executing described biological organic fertilizer is: when a. uses as base fertilizer, and 400~500,000 grams/acre; B. topdress while using, 100~200,000 grams/acre.
Further, described soil is damp soil.
The invention provides a kind of tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation and application method, its beneficial effect mainly having is as follows:
1, in the biological organic fertilizer of preparing according to the method for the invention, organic content is high, contains the elements such as humic acid, calcium, sulphur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, has both promoted soil fertility, again for crop provides the nutritive element that can absorb.
2, earthworm ight soil, by beneficial microorganism vital movement, is secreted the plant hormones such as growth hormone, phytokinin, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, indolic acid, Promoting plant growth, regulating plant metabolism.
3, by beneficial microorganism, produce a large amount of mucopolysaccharides, combine with the mucus of plant secretion and mineral colloid, organic colloid, form crumb structure, promote water retention capacity, improvement soil.
4, the beneficial microorganism in wormcast can also produce that antagonistic activity is strong, the microbiotic of has a broad antifungal spectrum, suppresses the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and plant soil-borne diseases is inhibited.
5, apply biological organic fertilizer of the present invention, not only can reduce fertilizer application amount, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, can also improve soil, improve tea tree tea output, improve its quality.
6, this biological organic fertilizer not only can be applicable to, in tea tree, also can be applicable to the farm crop such as other grain, fruits and vegetables, forest, flowers, and can improve the output of farm crop, improves the quality of agricultural-food etc.
Embodiment
A kind of tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special described in the embodiment of the present invention, this tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special comprises organic stock and adjunct, and the composition of organic raw material and the parts by weight of various compositions are 15~20 parts of 30~40 parts of changing food wastes, 30~40 parts, earthworm ight soil, 20~25 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses and crop materials; The composition of auxiliary material and the parts by weight of various compositions are 1 part, 1 part of potassium primary phosphate, 1 part of zeolite powder and boron mud.Further, the composition of organic raw material and the parts by weight of various compositions are preferably 16~17 parts of 34~38 parts of changing food wastes, 33~36 parts, earthworm ight soil, 22~23 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses and crop materials.The preferred water content of above-mentioned earthworm ight soil is≤30%.
The preparation method of tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special, it mainly comprises the following steps:
1. raw material is processed: it is 40~60 object peat composed of rotten mosses powder that the described peat composed of rotten mosses is pulverized, dry rear standby; It is the stalk end of 1~2cm that described crop material is pulverized; 2. take by weight earthworm ight soil, changing food waste, peat composed of rotten mosses powder, stalk end, potassium primary phosphate, zeolite powder and boron mud, and mixed; 3. the water of 50~60 parts is joined in the material mixing of step described in 2., stir, and joined in fermenter; 4. enzymatic microorganism is joined in the fermenter of step described in 3., throwing is turned in mechanize, and enzymatic microorganism is uniformly dispersed; 5. fermentation: ferment for the first time at 55~60 ℃, fermentation time is 13~15 days; At 45~50 ℃, ferment for the second time, fermentation time is 7~14 days again, and fermentation is for the second time preferably micro-aerobe fermentation; 6. by step, 5. the described material fermenting is 80 ℃ of following oven dry, and after drying, its water content is preferably 18~23%, and is pulverized, 60~80 mesh sieves; Then packing, obtains described tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special.
An application method for the tea tree bio-organic fertilizer special that aforesaid method is prepared, this application method is that biological organic fertilizer is executed at upper soll layer, the rear use of turning over, soil is herein preferably damp soil.The amount of executing this biological organic fertilizer is: when a. uses as base fertilizer, and 400~500,000 grams/acre; B. topdress while using, 100~200,000 grams/acre.
Further, fertilization mode mainly comprise spread manuer in holes, furrow is executed, impose to execute early, spread manuer in holes, furrow executes: be about to the whole good post-trenching in soil (or pit digging), first fertilizer be sprinkled into, sowing or cultivation seedling again after fertilizer and soil are mixed thoroughly; Impose: any crop all can be at its root system earth backing after around a side or trench digging impose fertilizer; Early execute: if having ready conditions, preferably carry be a few days ago manured into soil after sowing or plant seedling again, effect of fertilizer is best; Forbid fertilizer to be executed at upper soll layer, must turn over, best results.In addition, this biological organic fertilizer is not only applicable to tea tree, is applicable to too other farm crop such as grain, economy, fruits and vegetables, forest, flowers.
Specific experiment case take below as example illustrates embodiment, should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The nutritive substance containing in biological organic fertilizer of the present invention is: (1) organic matter >=45%; (2) humic acids >=10%; (3) nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%; (4) contain the physiologically active substances such as trace element in calcium, sulphur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese etc., while microorganisms Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, cytokinin, microbial enzyme, bacterial polysaccharides, promote crop alimentary to absorb and growth metabolism.
Embodiment 2
The amount of executing this biological organic fertilizer for tea tree is: when a. uses as base fertilizer, and 450,000 grams/acre; B. topdress while using, 150,000 grams/acre.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, any modification relevant of the present invention or change that anyone does under enlightenment of the present invention, and every have identical with a application or akin technical scheme, within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention.