CN105462595A - Acid soil modifier and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Acid soil modifier and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105462595A CN105462595A CN201510963319.9A CN201510963319A CN105462595A CN 105462595 A CN105462595 A CN 105462595A CN 201510963319 A CN201510963319 A CN 201510963319A CN 105462595 A CN105462595 A CN 105462595A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acid soli modifier, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 20 percent to 30 percent of biomass charcoal, 50 percent to 60 percent of boric sludge and 10 percent to 30 percent of compound microorganism flora. The invention aims to provide the acid soil modifier which can remarkably improve the pH value of soil, improve the physicochemical property of the soil, improve the fertilizer use efficiency, reduce the application amount of fertilizers, improve the applicability of the soil, and enable the soil to be more suitable for plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to acidic soil conditioner field, particularly one and can improve acid soil, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, improve soil quality, and prepare the method for this acidic soil conditioner.
Background technology
Plant normal growth is grown depends on good edatope, and neutral soil environment is conducive to the growth of most plants most.Peracid is unfavorable for the normal growth of most plants with the environment crossing alkali.But in tropical and subtropical region, be extensively dispersed with Acid red-yellow soil.These regional high temperature and rainies, damp and hot same season, the weathering of soil and eluviation are than stronger, and iron-aluminium oxide is obviously rich long-pending, and biological substance circulation is very fast, and soil degree of base saturation is lower, the pH of soil generally 4.5 ~ 6.0 scope.Not only acidity is high for the soil in simultaneously these areas, and fertility level is low.In acid soil aluminium poison and soil fertility low be limit two major obstacle factors of plant growth.Along with soil acidity increases, in the soil solution, the concentration of total aluminium and poisonous shape aluminium all increases, and poisonous shape aluminium produces injury to root system of plant, affects crop normal growth.Acid soil suffers strong eluviation, and in soil, the slag nutrient content such as potassium, calcium and magnesium is low, and acidifying also makes Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils (CEC) reduce, and the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil declines.Acidifying makes red soil increase phosphatic absorption and crystallized ability, causes the plant availability of phosphorus to decline.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of acid soil improving agent, it can significantly improve soil pH value, improves the physicochemical property of soil, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces the amount of application of fertilizer, improves the suitability of soil, makes soil be more suitable for plant-growth.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of acid soil improving agent, comprises following weight percent composition: biomass charcoal 20% ~ 30%, boron mud 50 ~ 60%, complex microbial community 10% ~ 30%.
Biomass charcoal under anaerobic carries out pyrolysis to biomass materials such as stalk, timber, agricultural wastes, generates a kind of solid matter containing carbon rich.Biomass charcoal, can sweetening of the soil acidity in alkalescence, reduces aluminium to the toxic action of crop.Biomass charcoal contains abundant nutritive element simultaneously, can improve the content of acid soil available nutrient.Biomass charcoal contains abundant pore texture in addition, can improve the hold facility of soil to nutrient, improve the nutrient situation of plant, and biomass charcoal be more stable, can continue the long period to the improvement of soil physico-chemical property.File as multiple in Chinese patent application CN201310520142.6, CN201010602752.7 etc. discloses the preparation method of biomass charcoal.
Boron mud is the industrial residue of discharging after utilizing boron magnesium (iron) ore deposit to produce borax.Boron mud look greyish white is, greenish yellow, and particle is thin, and the particle of about 80% can pass through 200 mesh sieves, and proportion is 3.03, and the essential mineral of boron mud consists of the forsterite of iron content, magnesiumcarbonate and some amorphousness particles.The industrial wet method that adopts discharges boron mud more, and its water ratio, at 30-35%, in purees, is brown time moist, and granularity is comparatively thin, has good plasticity-, forms clod after drying, very easily broken and levigate.Because the boron in crude boron stone is extracted, boron mud has loose and porous structure, there are certain stickiness and plasticity-, the essential mineral composition of boron mud has containing fayalite, magnesite, quartz, rotten serpentine and other amorphous minerals, the Main chemical component massfraction of boron mud: Ca1.1%, Mg4.9%, B0.41%, Zn0.0034%, Fe1.06%.
In above-mentioned acid soil improving agent, comprise following weight percent composition: biomass charcoal 24% ~ 26%, boron mud 54 ~ 56%, complex microbial community 23% ~ 27%.
In above-mentioned acid soil improving agent, described complex microbial community is made up of following components by weight percent: Bacillus megatherium 1 ~ 5 part, bacillus licheniformis 1 ~ 4 part, disperse general bacterium 1 ~ 3 part, Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 ~ 3 part, wherein, in Bacillus megatherium, living bacteria count is 0.1-0.3 hundred million cfu/g; In bacillus licheniformis, living bacteria count is 0.2-0.4 hundred million cfu/g; Living bacteria count in general bacterium is disperseed to be 0.1-0.4 hundred million cfu/g; In Pseudomonas fluorescens, living bacteria count is 0.2-0.5 hundred million cfu/g, and preferably, the total living bacteria count of described complex microbial community is 2-3 hundred million cfu/g.
In above-mentioned acid soil improving agent, described complex microbial community is made up of following components by weight percent: Bacillus megatherium 1 part, and bacillus licheniformis 1 part disperses general bacterium 1 part, Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 part.
In above-mentioned acid soil improving agent, described biomass charcoal prepares by the following method: with feed grinder by crushed stalk to 2-5mm size, be placed in retort furnace, temperature is set as 300-500 DEG C, after being raised to 300-500 DEG C, keep 0.5-2h, then close retort furnace, after cooling to room temperature, take out crucible, pour out biomass charcoal, then roll with wooden stick, be crushed to 0.5-1mm size.
In above-mentioned acid soil improving agent, described complex microbial community prepares by the following method:
(1) Bacillus megatherium, bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens are accessed seed culture medium respectively and cultivate, obtain Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor and Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor, wherein Bacillus megatherium, disperse the incubation time of general bacterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens to be 8-12h, the incubation time of Bacillus licheniformis is 6-10h;
(2) preparation of production substratum and sterilizing: the seed fermentation tank opening 4 200L, add in fermentor tank by production substratum, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 25-30min, is cooled to 30-35 DEG C;
(3) inoculation and fermentation: by described bacillus megaterium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor etc. in the fermentor tank of the ratio access correspondence of 1%-10%, at 31 ± 1 DEG C, dissolved oxygen amount 1:1.2,30-36h is cultivated under pH6.5-7.5 condition, obtain the fermented liquid of described complex microbial community, add boron mud again, spray-dried, the obtained complex microbial community of mixing to scale.
In above-mentioned acid soil improving agent, the described formula stating production substratum is as follows: soybean cake powder 3%-5%, Semen Maydis powder 3%-6%, fish meal 0.3%-0.5%, white sugar 0.1%-0.3%, ammonium sulfate 0.15%-0.2%, sodium-chlor 0.08%-0.12%, potassium primary phosphate 0.01%-0.04%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3%-0.6%, calcium carbonate 0.7%-1.0%, soybean oil 0.1%-0.4%, the water of surplus, batch volume is 170-190L.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of above-mentioned acid soil improving agent, biomass charcoal, boron mud and complex microbial community are joined in stirrer in described ratio, after being uniformly mixed, pack.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) biomass charcoal used comes from the pyrolytic decomposition of stalk.Stalk is a kind of important renewable organic resource, containing nutrients such as abundant carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium trace element.Be, after biomass charcoal, remain straw most of nutrient of stalk, decrease the discharge of carbon simultaneously, be conducive to making full use of and the also field of nutrient of stalk.
(2) the boron mud used comes from the residue producing borax, is conducive to the medium trace element of plant-growth, can supplements nutrient needed for plant containing calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, boron etc.
(3) complex microbial community used comprises Bacillus megatherium, Bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion and Pseudomonas fluorescens.Bacillus megatherium, disperse general bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens to be all P and K decomposing bacteriums, the ADSORPTION STATE organophosphorus that cannot directly utilize plant in Yelkin TTS, soil, inorganic phosphorus have obvious Decomposition, can increase soil fertility, promote crop yield.Bacillus licheniformis can produce peptide class antagonistic substance, also can produce Multiple Classes of Antibiotics, antibacterial protein, small molecules bacteriocin, N,O-Diacetylmuramidase etc., can play good restraining effect to various plants pathogenic bacteria.Bacillus megatherium and Bacillus licheniformis can produce resistance statospore in addition, and under adverse circumstance, survival rate is higher.Therefore, described complex microbial community advantage surely can be grown in soil, and has the somatotrophic effect of antibiosis, is conducive to the growth of crop, can reduce the investment to farmland simultaneously.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but does not form any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Acid soil improving agent, main ingredient is biomass charcoal 25%, boron mud 50%, complex microbial community 25%, below be all weight percentage, wherein complex microbial community comprises Bacillus megatherium, Bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and its part by weight is 1:1:1:1.In described acid soil improving agent living bacteria count be greater than 0.2 hundred million/gram, specifically, in Bacillus megatherium, living bacteria count is 0.1 hundred million cfu/g; In bacillus licheniformis, living bacteria count is 0.2 hundred million cfu/g; Living bacteria count in general bacterium is disperseed to be 0.1 hundred million cfu/g; In Pseudomonas fluorescens, living bacteria count is 0.2 hundred million cfu/g.
The process for producing of acid soil improving agent
The first step: the preparation of biomass charcoal
Get farmland wastes straw, be crushed to 2-5mm size, pyrolytic decomposition 1h at 500 DEG C in retort furnace, after cooling, take out, be obtained biomass charcoal, then be crushed to 1mm size.
Concrete operations are: get the stalks such as straw, rape stalk, maize straw, with feed grinder by crushed stalk to 2-5mm size, then stalk is filled crucible, be placed in retort furnace, temperature is set as 500 DEG C, after being raised to 500 DEG C, keeps 1h, then retort furnace is closed, after cooling to room temperature, take out crucible, pour out biomass charcoal, roll with wooden stick again, be crushed to 1mm size.
Second step: the preparation of complex microbial community
(1) preparation of production composite microbial bacteria seed liquor: Bacillus megatherium, bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens are accessed seed culture medium respectively and cultivate, obtain Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor and Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor, wherein Bacillus megatherium, disperse the incubation time of general bacterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens to be 8-12h, the incubation time of Bacillus licheniformis is 6-10h.
(2) preparation of production substratum and sterilizing: the seed fermentation tank opening 4 200L, add in fermentor tank by production substratum, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min, is cooled to 30-35 DEG C;
(3) inoculation and fermentation: by described bacillus megaterium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor etc. in fermentor tank corresponding to the ratio access of 1%, at 31 ± 1 DEG C, dissolved oxygen amount 1:1.2,30-36h is cultivated under pH6.5-7.5 condition, obtain the fermented liquid of described complex microbial community, add boron mud again, spray-dried, the obtained complex microbial community of mixing to scale.
Concrete operations are as follows:
(1) preparation by complex microbial community seed liquor is produced: using beef-protein medium as seed fermentation substratum, bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens accessed seed culture medium respectively and carry out cultivation 8h, obtains Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor.
(2) preparation of production substratum and sterilizing: open 4 fermentor tanks, by production with in substratum access fermentor tank, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 30-45min, is cooled to 30-35 DEG C;
The formula of described production substratum is as follows: soybean cake powder 5%, Semen Maydis powder 3%, fish meal 0.3%, white sugar 0.2%, ammonium sulfate 0.2%, sodium-chlor 0.12%, potassium primary phosphate 0.01%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.32%, calcium carbonate 0.8%, soybean oil 0.1%, the water of surplus, batch volume is 180L.
(3) inoculation and fermentation: described Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, the ratio of disperseing the volume ratio of general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor and described production substratum to be 1% are accessed seed fermentation tank, at 31 ± 1 DEG C, dissolved oxygen amount 1:1.2, cultivate 30-36h under pH6.5-7.5 condition, obtain the fermented liquid of described complex microbial community.Then fermented liquid is pressed into dehumidification system, spray-dried, obtain Bacillus megatherium bacterium powder 0.1 hundred million cfu/g, Bacillus licheniformis powder 0.2 hundred million cfu/g, disperse general bacterium bacterium powder 0.1 hundred million cfu/g and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacterium powder 0.2 hundred million cfu/g, each bacterium powder is mixed with the ratio of 1:1:1:1 and obtains described complex microbial community.
3rd step: the preparation of described soil conditioner
In spraying dry workshop, join in stirrer by biomass charcoal, boron mud and complex microbial community in described ratio, after being uniformly mixed, pack, is placed in shady and cool ventilation place and preserves, and away from raw material storage.
Embodiment 2
Main ingredient is biomass charcoal 20%, boron mud 50%, complex microbial community 30%, below be all weight percentage, wherein complex microbial community comprises Bacillus megatherium, Bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and its part by weight is 5:1:3:1, in Bacillus megatherium, living bacteria count is 0.2 hundred million cfu/g, Bacillus licheniformis 0.3 hundred million cfu/g, disperse general bacterium 0.2 hundred million cfu/g, in Pseudomonas fluorescens, living bacteria count is 0.3 hundred million cfu/g.In described acid soil improving agent living bacteria count be greater than 0.2 hundred million/gram.
The process for producing of acid soil improving agent
The first step: the preparation of biomass charcoal
Get farmland wastes straw, be crushed to 2-5mm size, pyrolytic decomposition 1.5h at 450 DEG C in retort furnace, after cooling, take out, be obtained biomass charcoal, then be crushed to 1mm size.
Concrete operations are: get the stalks such as straw, rape stalk, maize straw, with feed grinder by crushed stalk to 2-5mm size, then stalk is filled crucible, be placed in retort furnace, temperature is set as 450 DEG C, after being raised to 450 DEG C, keeps 1.5h, then retort furnace is closed, after cooling to room temperature, take out crucible, pour out biomass charcoal, roll with wooden stick again, be crushed to 1mm size.
Second step: the preparation of complex microbial community
(1) preparation of production composite microbial bacteria seed liquor: Bacillus megatherium, bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens are accessed seed culture medium respectively and cultivate, obtain Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor and Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor, wherein Bacillus megatherium, disperse the incubation time of general bacterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens to be 8-12h, the incubation time of Bacillus licheniformis is 6-10h.
(2) preparation of production substratum and sterilizing: the seed fermentation tank opening 4 200L, add in fermentor tank by production substratum, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min, is cooled to 30-35 DEG C;
(3) inoculation and fermentation: by described bacillus megaterium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor etc. in fermentor tank corresponding to the ratio access of 3%, at 31 ± 1 DEG C, dissolved oxygen amount 1:1.2,30-36h is cultivated under pH6.5-7.5 condition, obtain the fermented liquid of described complex microbial community, add boron mud again, spray-dried, the obtained complex microbial community of mixing to scale.
Concrete operations are as follows:
(4) preparation by complex microbial community seed liquor is produced: using beef-protein medium as seed fermentation substratum, bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens accessed seed culture medium respectively and carry out cultivation 8h, obtains Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor.
(5) preparation of production substratum and sterilizing: open 4 fermentor tanks, by production with in substratum access fermentor tank, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 30-45min, is cooled to 30-35 DEG C;
The formula of described production substratum is as follows: soybean cake powder 3%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, fish meal 0.4%, white sugar 0.1%, ammonium sulfate 0.15%, sodium-chlor 0.1%, potassium primary phosphate 0.03%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.524%, calcium carbonate 0.9%, soybean oil 0.3%, the water of surplus, batch volume is 170L.
(6) inoculation and fermentation: described Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, the ratio of disperseing the volume ratio of general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor and described production substratum to be 3% are accessed seed fermentation tank, at 31 ± 1 DEG C, dissolved oxygen amount 1:1.2, cultivate 30-36h under pH6.5-7.5 condition, obtain the fermented liquid of described complex microbial community.Then fermented liquid is pressed into dehumidification system, spray-dried, obtain Bacillus megatherium bacterium powder 0.1 hundred million cfu/g, Bacillus licheniformis powder 0.2 hundred million cfu/g, disperse general bacterium bacterium powder 0.1 hundred million cfu/g and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacterium powder 0.2 hundred million cfu/g, each bacterium powder is mixed with the ratio of 1:1:1:1 and obtains described complex microbial community.
3rd step: the preparation of described soil conditioner
In spraying dry workshop, join in stirrer by biomass charcoal, boron mud and complex microbial community in described ratio, after being uniformly mixed, pack, is placed in shady and cool ventilation place and preserves, and away from raw material storage.
Embodiment 3
Identical with the preparation method of embodiment 1, different places is:
Main ingredient is biomass charcoal 25%, boron mud 60%, complex microbial community 15%, below be all weight percentage, wherein complex microbial community comprises Bacillus megatherium, Bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and its part by weight is 1:4:1:3, in Bacillus megatherium, living bacteria count is 0.2 hundred million cfu/g, Bacillus licheniformis 0.4 hundred million cfu/g, disperse general bacterium 0.4 hundred million cfu/g, in Pseudomonas fluorescens, living bacteria count is 0.5 hundred million cfu/g.In described acid soil improving agent living bacteria count be greater than 0.2 hundred million/gram.
The process for producing of acid soil improving agent
The first step: the preparation of biomass charcoal
Get farmland wastes straw, be crushed to 2-5mm size, pyrolytic decomposition 2h at 400 DEG C in retort furnace, after cooling, take out, be obtained biomass charcoal, then be crushed to 1mm size.
Concrete operations are: get the stalks such as straw, rape stalk, maize straw, with feed grinder by crushed stalk to 2-5mm size, then stalk is filled crucible, be placed in retort furnace, temperature is set as 400 DEG C, after being raised to 400 DEG C, keeps 2h, then retort furnace is closed, after cooling to room temperature, take out crucible, pour out biomass charcoal, roll with wooden stick again, be crushed to 1mm size.
Second step: the preparation of complex microbial community
(1) preparation of production composite microbial bacteria seed liquor: Bacillus megatherium, bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens are accessed seed culture medium respectively and cultivate, obtain Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor and Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor, wherein Bacillus megatherium, disperse the incubation time of general bacterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens to be 8-12h, the incubation time of Bacillus licheniformis is 6-10h.
(2) preparation of production substratum and sterilizing: the seed fermentation tank opening 4 200L, add in fermentor tank by production substratum, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min, is cooled to 30-35 DEG C;
(3) inoculation and fermentation: by described bacillus megaterium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor etc. in fermentor tank corresponding to the ratio access of 3%, at 31 ± 1 DEG C, dissolved oxygen amount 1:1.2,30-36h is cultivated under pH6.5-7.5 condition, obtain the fermented liquid of described complex microbial community, add boron mud again, spray-dried, the obtained complex microbial community of mixing to scale.
Concrete operations are as follows:
(7) preparation by complex microbial community seed liquor is produced: using beef-protein medium as seed fermentation substratum, bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens accessed seed culture medium respectively and carry out cultivation 8h, obtains Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor.
(8) preparation of production substratum and sterilizing: open 4 fermentor tanks, by production with in substratum access fermentor tank, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 30-45min, is cooled to 30-35 DEG C;
The formula of described production substratum is as follows: soybean cake powder 4%, Semen Maydis powder 4%, fish meal 0.5%, white sugar 0.2%, ammonium sulfate 0.2%, sodium-chlor 0.08%, potassium primary phosphate 0.01%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3%, calcium carbonate 0.7%, soybean oil 0.4%, the water of surplus, batch volume is 190L.
(9) inoculation and fermentation: described Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, the ratio of disperseing the volume ratio of general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor and described production substratum to be 10% are accessed seed fermentation tank, at 31 ± 1 DEG C, dissolved oxygen amount 1:1.2, cultivate 30-36h under pH6.5-7.5 condition, obtain the fermented liquid of described complex microbial community.Then fermented liquid is pressed into dehumidification system, spray-dried, obtaining living bacteria count in Bacillus megatherium is 0.2 hundred million cfu/g, Bacillus licheniformis 0.4 hundred million cfu/g, disperse general bacterium 0.4 hundred million cfu/g, in Pseudomonas fluorescens, living bacteria count is 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, is mixed by each bacterium powder and obtain described complex microbial community with the ratio of 1:4:1:3.
3rd step: the preparation of described soil conditioner
In spraying dry workshop, join in stirrer by biomass charcoal, boron mud and complex microbial community in described ratio, after being uniformly mixed, pack, is placed in shady and cool ventilation place and preserves, and away from raw material storage.
Application Example
Test materials: the acid soil improving agent prepared by embodiment 1.
Test period: in January ,-2015 in October, 2014
Test site: Fei Xile test base, Caidian District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province
Test plant: Chinese cabbage
Test soil: characteristic of acid red soil
Test design: with habits fertilization in contrast, with habits fertilization+execute soil improvement agent (1,000 grams/acre) for process 1, habits fertilization+execute soil improvement agent (5,000 grams/acre) is process 2, habits fertilization+execute soil improvement agent (25,000 grams/acre) is process 3, each process repetition 3 times, altogether 12 communities.Plot area is set to 25m
2(long 5m, wide 5m), planting density is custom density.Wherein, local habits fertilization, for make base fertilizer with composite fertilizer 17-17-17 (sulfenyl) 40kg/ mu, buries in conjunction with whole turning over.
Rate of fertilizer application and fertilizing method: before sowing, fetch earth, except blank, other process are with soil improvement agent 1,000 grams/acre, 5,000 grams/acre, 25,000 grams/acre conditioning soil, then base fertilizer is used sufficient with local conventional fertilizer application amount, other field management measures are same local, the field management measures such as unification is watered, thinning, weeding.
Economical character and yield and quality investigation: investigation Chinese cabbage plant height, width of blade and length before results, simultaneously from results, gather at every turn, record Chinese cabbage output, and statistics time and again gathers output.Gather in the crops, fetched earth, together measured organic matter, full nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, pH etc. with soil sample before sowing.
As can be seen from Table 1, with the addition of 3 process of described soil conditioner, the plant height of Chinese cabbage, Ye Kuan, leaf are long, output is all than not adding the good of soil improvement agent.Wherein process 3, namely add the community of soil improvement agent 25kg/ mu, its output is apparently higher than process 1 and process 2.This may be owing to the addition of described soil conditioner, improve the acidity of soil, soil is made to be more suitable for Chinese cabbage growth, provide the nutritive elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc simultaneously, and with the addition of microorganism, nutrient element unserviceable in soil is converted into Chinese cabbage can utilize, makes Chinese cabbage have sufficient nutrient to originate, growth is better.
Table 1 Chinese cabbage economical character questionnaire
As can be seen from Table 2, with the addition of 3 process of described soil conditioner, soil pH all has increase in various degree, wherein process the comparatively applicable plant-growth of pH of 2 and process 3, contrast compared with nutrient before plantation, organic, full nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium all has reduction in various degree, illustrate that Chinese cabbage grows the nutrient consumed in soil, and process 1, process 2, the soil nutritive element of process 3 is all than high before plantation, explanation with the addition of soil conditioner, the Nutrient Transformation that plant in soil cannot utilize by microorganism is wherein in order to the available nutrient of plant, soil nutritive element content is increased, biomass charcoal in addition in soil conditioner can reduce the leaching of soil nutrients and soil, increase the organic carbon content of soil, the nutrient element making 3 to process is than the increase all had before plantation in various degree.
Table 2 change of soil nutrient table
Conclusion (of pressure testing): the pH of described soil conditioner energy adjustment of acidity red soil makes it be suitable for plant-growth, can reduce Soil Nutrient Leaching simultaneously, increases the available nutrient content in soil.
Above-describedly be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all do within the scope of the spirit and principles in the present invention any amendment, equivalently to replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an acid soil improving agent, is characterized in that, comprises following weight percent composition: biomass charcoal 20% ~ 30%, boron mud 50 ~ 60%, complex microbial community 10% ~ 30%.
2. acid soil improving agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises following weight percent composition: biomass charcoal 24% ~ 26%, boron mud 54 ~ 56%, complex microbial community 23% ~ 27%.
3. acid soil improving agent according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described complex microbial community is made up of following components by weight percent: Bacillus megatherium 1 ~ 5 part, bacillus licheniformis 1 ~ 4 part, disperse general bacterium 1 ~ 3 part, Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 ~ 3 part; Wherein, in Bacillus megatherium, living bacteria count is 0.1-0.3 hundred million cfu/g; In bacillus licheniformis, living bacteria count is 0.2-0.4 hundred million cfu/g; Living bacteria count in general bacterium is disperseed to be 0.1-0.4 hundred million cfu/g; In Pseudomonas fluorescens, living bacteria count is 0.2-0.5 hundred million cfu/g.
4. acid soil improving agent according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described complex microbial community is made up of following components by weight percent: Bacillus megatherium 1 part, and bacillus licheniformis 1 part disperses general bacterium 1 part, Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 part.
5. acid soil improving agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biomass charcoal prepares by the following method: with feed grinder by crushed stalk to 2-5mm size, be placed in retort furnace, temperature is set as 300-500 DEG C, after being raised to 300-500 DEG C, keeps 0.5-2h, then retort furnace is closed, after cooling to room temperature, take out crucible, pour out biomass charcoal, roll with wooden stick again, be crushed to 0.5-1mm size.
6. acid soil improving agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described complex microbial community prepares by the following method:
(1) Bacillus megatherium, bacillus licheniformis, the general bacterium of dispersion, Pseudomonas fluorescens are accessed seed culture medium respectively and cultivate, obtain Bacillus megatherium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor and Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor, wherein Bacillus megatherium, disperse the incubation time of general bacterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens to be 8-12h, the incubation time of Bacillus licheniformis is 6-10h;
(2) preparation of production substratum and sterilizing: the seed fermentation tank opening 4 200L, add in fermentor tank by production substratum, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 25-30min, is cooled to 30-35 DEG C;
(3) inoculation and fermentation: by described bacillus megaterium seed liquor, Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, disperse general bacterium seed liquor, Pseudomonas fluorescens seed liquor etc. in the fermentor tank of the ratio access correspondence of 1%-10%, at 31 ± 1 DEG C, dissolved oxygen amount 1:1.2,30-36h is cultivated under pH6.5-7.5 condition, obtain the fermented liquid of described complex microbial community, add boron mud again, spray-dried, the obtained complex microbial community of mixing to scale.
7. acid soil improving agent according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described formula stating production substratum is as follows: soybean cake powder 3%-5%, Semen Maydis powder 3%-6%, fish meal 0.3%-0.5%, white sugar 0.1%-0.3%, ammonium sulfate 0.15%-0.2%, sodium-chlor 0.08%-0.12%, potassium primary phosphate 0.01%-0.04%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3%-0.6%, calcium carbonate 0.7%-1.0%, soybean oil 0.1%-0.4%, the water of surplus, batch volume is 170-190L.
8. a preparation method for the acid soil improving agent as described in as arbitrary in claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, join in stirrer by biomass charcoal, boron mud and complex microbial community in described ratio, after being uniformly mixed, and pack.
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