CN105801241A - Silicate bacteria fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silicate bacteria fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105801241A CN105801241A CN201610093949.XA CN201610093949A CN105801241A CN 105801241 A CN105801241 A CN 105801241A CN 201610093949 A CN201610093949 A CN 201610093949A CN 105801241 A CN105801241 A CN 105801241A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
Abstract
The invention provides a silicate bacteria fertilizer. The silicate bacteria fertilizer comprises the following components: silicate bacteria with the concentration more than or equal to 0.2 billion cfu/g, trichoderma harzianum with the concentration of 0.04-0.055 billion cfu/g, soluble humic acid with the mass percentage content of 8-10% and macroelement with the mass percentage content more than or equal to 5%. The invention also provides a preparation method of the silicate bacteria fertilizer. The silicate bacteria fertilizer can rapidly provide potassium element for tobacco, promote tobacco growth and also can avoid soil hardening, effectively inhibit or reduce occurrence of diseases and insects and reduce usage amount of chemical fertilizer, so that quality of the tobacco is improved, and the environment is protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, particularly to Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer grown tobacco and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Nicotiana tabacum L. is a kind of important industrial crops, and potassium element has influence on tobacco production and quality, and potassium content is the important indicator of tobacco quality, and the potassium content of High Quality Tobacco requires more than 2.5%, and the average potassium content of China's flue-cured tobacco is only 1.3%；Therefore, tobacco cultivation needs the Chemical Potassium of using potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate form in a large number.Chemical fertilizer application has promoted the production of Nicotiana tabacum L., but the average utilization of chemical fertilizer is only had about 30% by crop, there are about the chemical fertilizer of 30% and loses by running off.Owing to chemical fertilizer and the unreasonable in a large number of chemical pesticide are used, not only consume resource non-renewable in a large number, and destroy Soil structure, pollute tobacco product quality and environment, had a strong impact on the health of the mankind.Therefore, in terms of the green agriculture advocated from modern agricultural production, the development trend of the ecological agriculture, harmless boilogical fertilizer free from environmental pollution, will play a significant role in the future of agriculture produces.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, a kind of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer of necessary offer and preparation method thereof, to solve the problems referred to above.
The present invention provides a kind of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, solubility humic acid and a great number of elements of weight/mass percentage composition >=5% that it includes the concentration >=silicate bacteria of 200,000,000 cfu/g, concentration is the trichoderma harzianum of 0.4～0.55 hundred million cfu/g, weight/mass percentage composition is 8%～10%.Wherein, described a great number of elements refers to the total nutrient substance containing N, P and K.
Based on above-mentioned, the concentration of described silicate bacteria is 2～500,000,000 cfu/g, and the concentration of described trichoderma harzianum is 0.45～0.5 hundred million cfu/g.
Based on above-mentioned, described solubility humic acid and described a great number of elements mainly by decomposed manure, and at the temperature of 121 DEG C～126 DEG C autoclaving 0.8～1.1 hour and prepare, wherein, described fertilizer meets NY525-2012 standard.Specifically, described fertilizer meets NY525-2012 standard and refers to: organic weight/mass percentage composition >=45% in described fertilizer, weight/mass percentage composition >=5% of a great number of elements, pH value 5.5～8.5.
Based on above-mentioned, described fertilizer mainly by first by cattle manure with mushroom residue according to (2.5～3.5): the mass ratio of 1 mixes, formed fermentation substrate；Described fermentation substrate is carried out fermentation process by recycling microbial fermentation inoculum, makes described fertilizer.
Based on above-mentioned, described microbial fermentation inoculum includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 40%～50%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 12%～18%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 16%～24%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 7%～9% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 10%～14%, wherein, concentration respectively 9～1,100,000,000 cfu/ml of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, described Bacillus licheniformis liquid, described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution, described lactobacillus bacterium solution and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution.
The preparation method that the present invention also provides for a kind of above-mentioned Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, it comprises the following steps:
Prepared by fertilizer: by cattle manure with mushroom residue according to (2.5～3.5): 1 ratio mixes, and forms fermentation substrate；Utilize microbial fermentation inoculum that described fermentation substrate is carried out fermentation process, make the fertilizer meeting NY525-2012 standard；
Carrier sterilizing: first become thoroughly decomposed described fertilizer, and at the temperature of 121 DEG C～126 DEG C autoclaving 0.8～1.1 hour, be cooled back to room temperature, obtain including the carrier of solubility humic acid and a great number of elements；
Prepared by finished product: first liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial and solid trichoderma harzianum are adsorbed onto respectively on described carrier；Then, air-dry by room temperature and pulverization process makes the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer described in any one of Claims 1 to 5.
Based on above-mentioned, in step prepared by described fertilizer, described microbial fermentation inoculum includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 40%～50%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 12%～18%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 16%～24%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 7%～9% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 10%～14%, wherein, the concentration of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, described Bacillus licheniformis liquid, described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution, described lactobacillus bacterium solution and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution is 9～1,100,000,000 cfu/ml.
Based on above-mentioned, step prepared by described Organic substance includes: fermentation substrate described in every 1000kg adds the ratio of microbial fermentation inoculum described in 0.9～1.1L, described fermentation substrate and described microbial fermentation inoculum are carried out Homogeneous phase mixing, stacks into the rectangle fermentation substrate heap of high 0.5～0.8m；At 48 DEG C～68 DEG C, described rectangle fermentation substrate heap is carried out fermentation process, until described fermentation substrate is loose and odorless.
Based on above-mentioned, in step prepared by described finished product, described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial obtains mainly by the cultivation of following methods step: adopts moor's culture-medium solid medium when 35 DEG C～37 DEG C, cultivates silicate bacteria bacterial strain 22～25 hours in incubator, prepare activated silicates antibacterial；Utilizing moor's culture-medium fluid medium when 35 DEG C～37 DEG C, in liquid triangular flask, shaking table cultivates described activated silicates antibacterial 23～25 hours, obtains expanding propagation silicate bacteria；Adopt described moor's culture-medium fluid medium when 35 DEG C～37 DEG C, in fermentation tank, cultivate described expanding propagation silicate bacteria 22～25 hours, namely prepare described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial.
Based on above-mentioned, in step prepared by described finished product, described solid trichoderma harzianum obtains mainly by the cultivation of following methods step: adopt full wheat bran medium to cultivate T. harzianum strains 3～5 days at the temperature of 22 DEG C～26 DEG C.
Wherein it is desired to illustrate: the described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial used in step prepared by described finished product and described solid trichoderma harzianum can be directly commercially.
The present invention provides described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer to be mainly the novel B. mucilaginocus fertilizer of a kind of growing environment according to Nicotiana tabacum L. and scientific allocation；Silicate bacteria in this fertilizer can utilize the organic acid substance that its growth metabolism produces, the slightly solubility potassium of soil mineral and phosphorus are dissolved out and utilize into Nicotiana tabacum L. and silicate bacteria thalline itself, in silicate bacteria thalline rich in potassium absorbed by Nicotiana tabacum L. again after thalline death；The hormone that produces in silicate bacteria reproductive process, aminoacid, the material such as polysaccharide promote the growth of Nicotiana tabacum L., its amount reproduction in soil, form occupation time process, effectively suppress the generation of black shank, rust, damping off, bacterial wilt；Silicate bacteria has nitrogen fixing capacity, reduces nitrogenous fertilizer and makes consumption, it is to avoid soil compaction occurs；In addition, trichoderma harzianum can produce multiple natural antibiotics and disease-resistant active substance, and trichoderma harzianum can surely be grown at root system of plant and produce the compound stimulating plant growing and induction plant defense response, improve the microenvironment of root system, strengthen growing way and the resistance against diseases of plant, improve yield and the income of crop, so, the original strain of trichoderma harzianum and silicate bacteria and tobacco rhizosphere forms synergism in tobacco rhizosphere, tobacco rhizosphere is had PGPR effect, form beneficial microbe colony, promote tobacco growing, reduce the generation of pest and disease damage, especially the generation of fungal disease can be reduced.So, described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer provided by the invention is used for topdressing to mix with chemical fertilizer such as carbamide, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and executes, but should mix with other chemical fertilizer again after first this Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer being mixed with a small amount of fine earth during mixing, namely mix and namely use, so can avoid directly contacting with chemical fertilizer, to prevent silicate bacteria activity from reducing；Described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer can be used with antifungal pestsides synthesis；It addition, Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer need to avoid direct sunlight, lucifuge cool place place preserves, but also should avoid mixing use with strong alkaline substance, in order to avoid affecting result of use.
Described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer can mix use with cigarette kind, has and does not burn kind, does not burn bud, more contacts root, plants the advantage that bud effect is more good；Described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer can be blent with water, when being used in tobacco transplant by dipping in root method；Described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer can also be puddled with fertilizer, when being used in Nicotiana tabacum L. plantation by perforated method；Described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer can also be applied in Nicotiana tabacum L. ground in the different growing stages of Nicotiana tabacum L. by the method for ditching-fertilizing.
In addition, between each microorganism in the described microbial fermentation inoculum used in the present invention, division of labor effect is clear and definite, for being difficult to the high molecular weight protein degraded and crude fibre there is efficient degradation performance, stable strong, so, the cellulose in cattle manure and mushroom residue, high molecular weight protein, various complexation trace element can be decomposed rapidly by high-efficiency environment friendly, form the efficient organic fertilizer rich in beneficial microbe, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element；And make in this fertilizer containing substantial amounts of useful viable bacteria, decomposition enzyme and bioactie agent, it is effectively improved the organic matter in soil, reduces the generation of diseases and pests of agronomic crop, in whole preparation process, free from extraneous odour produces simultaneously, environmental friendliness.
Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer provided by the invention is in preparation process; use the instant liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial cultivating preparation and solid trichoderma harzianum; the fertilizer efficiency of the final Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer prepared can be improved further; it is more beneficial for reducing the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, is more beneficial for improving the quality of Nicotiana tabacum L. and protection environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by detailed description of the invention, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the present invention 1 provides a kind of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, it includes following components: concentration is the silicate bacteria of 200,000,000 cfu/g, concentration to be the trichoderma harzianum of 0.55 hundred million cfu/g, weight/mass percentage composition be 8% solubility humic acid and weight/mass percentage composition be a great number of elements of 6.52%, wherein, this a great number of elements specifically includes the material of following weight/mass percentage composition: purity nitrogen 2.11%, phosphorus (P2O5) 2.57%, potassium (K2O) 1.85%, it addition, the biodiversity percentage composition in the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer of the present embodiment offer is about 7.38%.
The preparation method of the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the present embodiment provides comprises the following steps:
Prepared by fertilizer: cattle manure mixed according to 2.5:1 mass ratio with mushroom residue, forms fermentation substrate；Described in every 1000kg, fermentation substrate adds the ratio of 0.9L microbial fermentation inoculum, and described fermentation substrate and described microbial fermentation inoculum are carried out Homogeneous phase mixing, stacks into the rectangle fermentation substrate heap of high 0.6～0.7m；At 52 DEG C～54 DEG C to described rectangle fermentation substrate heap fermentation 9 days so that described fermentation substrate is loose and odorless, prepare fertilizer, and organic weight/mass percentage composition in this fertilizer be 65%, purity nitrogen 2.11%, phosphorus (P2O5) 2.57%, potassium (K2O) 1.85%, pH value is 5.9～6.5；Wherein, described microbial fermentation inoculum includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 40%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 18%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 23%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 7% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 10%, wherein, the concentration of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, described Bacillus licheniformis liquid, described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution, described lactobacillus bacterium solution and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution is 900,000,000 cfu/ml；
Carrier sterilizing: become thoroughly decomposed described fertilizer, and at the temperature of 121 DEG C autoclaving 1.1 hours；It is cooled to room temperature, obtains described carrier, and described carrier includes solubility humic acid and described a great number of elements；
Prepared by finished product: first concentration is 9.5 hundred million cfu/ml liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterials and the solid trichoderma harzianum that concentration is 5.5 hundred million cfu/g is adsorbed onto on described carrier respectively；Then, air-dry by room temperature, pulverize, crushing packing process, obtain the present embodiment provide described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer.
Wherein, the liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial and the solid trichoderma harzianum that use in the present embodiment are that immediate system is standby, specific as follows:
Cultivate liquid silicate bacteria: adopt CM0832 moor's culture-medium solid medium to cultivate the master clock 24 hours of silicate bacterias at 35 DEG C of incubators, obtain activated silicates antibacterial；Application CM0832 moor's culture-medium fluid medium, in 35 DEG C of liquid triangular flasks, is cultivated described activated silicates antibacterial 24 hours with the speed shaking table of 160r/min, is obtained expanding propagation silicate bacteria；Adopt CM0832 moor's culture-medium fluid medium to cultivate described expanding propagation silicate bacteria in 37 DEG C of fermentation tanks 24 hours, prepare described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial；Then the concentration measuring the silicate bacteria in this liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial is 9.5 hundred million cfu/ml, and makes consumption with this absorption calculating the antibacterial of liquid silicon hydrochlorate described in the present embodiment.
Cultivate solid trichoderma harzianum: adopt existing solid culture method, utilize full wheat bran medium to cultivate T. harzianum strains 5 days at the temperature of 22 DEG C, obtain described solid trichoderma harzianum；Then the concentration measuring the trichoderma harzianum in this solid trichoderma harzianum is 9.5 hundred million cfu/g, and makes consumption with this absorption calculating solid trichoderma harzianum described in the present embodiment.
In tobacco planting district of Henan Province, ratio according to the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer every mu provided with 0.5kg the present embodiment, carry out being sufficiently stirred for mixing with described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer by Flos Carthami cigarette kind, then according to traditional approach is planted in Nicotiana tabacum L. ground, during planting, do not burn kind, do not burn bud, more the root of Exposure To Tobacco kind bud, plant bud growth result more good, emergence rate is up to 99%, and tobacco seedling growth is vigorous within whole seedling stage；In other growth stages of Nicotiana tabacum L., adopt traditional method fertilising, finally find that the yield of first-class cigarette substantially increases, Nicotiana tabacum L. volume increase about 4%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, its composition is essentially identical with the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that embodiment 1 provides, be different in that: the concentration of silicate bacteria be 3.42 hundred million cfu/g, trichoderma harzianum concentration be 0.51 hundred million cfu/g, solubility humic acid weight/mass percentage composition be 9%, the weight/mass percentage composition of a great number of elements be 6.13%, wherein, this a great number of elements specifically includes the material of following weight/mass percentage composition: purity nitrogen 1.97%, phosphorus (P2O5) 2.31%, potassium (K2O) 1.85%, it addition, the biodiversity percentage composition in the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer of the present embodiment offer is about 8.02%.
The preparation method of the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the present embodiment provides is essentially identical with the preparation method of the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that embodiment 1 provides, and is different in that:
In step prepared by described fertilizer, described cattle manure and described mushroom residue mix according to the mass ratio of 3:1, form described fermentation substrate；In described fermentation substrate, described microbial fermentation inoculum is added according to the ratio of the microbial fermentation inoculum of every 1000kg fermentation substrate addition 0.95L；At 48 DEG C～54 DEG C to described rectangle fermentation substrate heap fermentation 12 days, the weight/mass percentage composition of the key component of the final fertilizer prepared is as follows: organic 65%, purity nitrogen 1.97%, phosphorus (P2O5) 2.31%, potassium (K2O) 1.85%, pH value is 6.5～6.8；Wherein, the described microbial fermentation inoculum that the present embodiment adopts includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 42%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 16%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 22%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 7.5% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 12.5%, wherein, the concentration of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is 9.2 hundred million cfu/ml, the concentration of described Bacillus licheniformis liquid is 9.5 hundred million cfu/ml, the concentration of described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution is 1,000,000,000 cfu/ml, the concentration of described lactobacillus bacterium solution is the concentration of 9.8 hundred million cfu/ml and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution is 9.3 hundred million cfu/ml；
In the step of described carrier sterilizing, the fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed was 121 DEG C of autoclavings 1 hour, to obtain described carrier；
In step prepared by described finished product, when cultivating described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial, the cultivation temperature that each cultivation stage uses is 36 DEG C, and cultivation obtains the liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial that concentration is 1,000,000,000 cfu/ml；Cultivation temperature when cultivating described solid trichoderma harzianum is 24 DEG C, and cultivates 4.5 days and obtain the described solid trichoderma harzianum that concentration is 5.1 hundred million cfu/g.
Tobacco planting district of Henan Province is when transplanting tobacco seedlings, use the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the present embodiment provides, specifically used method is: described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer 2kg, is watered about 15kg, mix homogeneously, carry out dipping in root to plant, carry out being sufficiently stirred for mixing with described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer by tobacco seedlings root, be then transplanted in Nicotiana tabacum L. ground, after 1 week, tobacco seedlings growing way is vigorous, and tobacco seedlings is until trophophase also grows vigorously；In other growth stages of Nicotiana tabacum L., adopt traditional method fertilising, finally find Nicotiana tabacum L. volume increase about 5%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, its composition is essentially identical with the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that embodiment 1 provides, be different in that: the concentration of silicate bacteria be 3.81 hundred million cfu/g, trichoderma harzianum concentration be 0.43 hundred million cfu/g, solubility humic acid weight/mass percentage composition be 9%, the weight/mass percentage composition of a great number of elements be 5.88%, wherein, this a great number of elements specifically includes the material of following weight/mass percentage composition: purity nitrogen 1.82%, phosphorus (P2O5) 1.93%, potassium (K2O) 2.13%, it addition, the biodiversity percentage composition in the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer of the present embodiment offer is about 5.17%.
The preparation method of the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the present embodiment provides is essentially identical with the preparation method of the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that embodiment 2 provides, and is different in that:
In step prepared by described fertilizer, after forming described fermentation substrate, in described fermentation substrate, add described microbial fermentation inoculum according to the ratio of the microbial fermentation inoculum of every 1000kg fermentation substrate addition 0.9L；The weight/mass percentage composition of the key component of the final fertilizer prepared is as follows: organic 63%, purity nitrogen 1.97%, phosphorus (P2O5) 2.31%, potassium (K2O) 1.85%, pH value is 5.8～6.2；Wherein, the described microbial fermentation inoculum that the present embodiment adopts includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 45%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 15%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 20%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 8% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 12%, wherein, the concentration of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, described Bacillus licheniformis liquid, described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution, described lactobacillus bacterium solution and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution is 1,000,000,000 cfu/ml；
In step prepared by described finished product, the described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial adsorbing use in the present embodiment is the direct silicate bacteria that concentration is 1,100,000,000 cfu/ml commercially；Cultivation temperature when cultivating described solid trichoderma harzianum is 23 DEG C, and cultivates 3.5 days and obtain the described solid trichoderma harzianum that concentration is 4.7 hundred million cfu/g.
Tobacco planting district of Henan Province is when transplanting tobacco seedlings, adopt the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that perforated method uses the present embodiment to provide, specifically: spread manuer in holes described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer with the standard of mu consumption 3～5kg, can puddle with fertilizer and uniformly apply in cave or seedling root, after executing, seal hole in time, then appropriate carbamide is applied again, after 1 week, tobacco seedlings growing way is vigorous, and whole seedling stage need not additionally apply other fertilizer and pesticide, tobacco seedlings branch and leaf also grow vigorously, and occur also without pest and disease damage；In other growth stages of Nicotiana tabacum L., adopt traditional method fertilising, finally find that the yield of first-class cigarette substantially increases, Nicotiana tabacum L. volume increase about 6.7%.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, its composition is essentially identical with the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that embodiment 1 provides, be different in that: the concentration of silicate bacteria be 4.93 hundred million cfu/g, trichoderma harzianum concentration be 0.49 hundred million cfu/g, solubility humic acid weight/mass percentage composition be 8.9%, the weight/mass percentage composition of a great number of elements be 8.55%, wherein, this a great number of elements specifically includes the material of following weight/mass percentage composition: purity nitrogen 2.31%, phosphorus (P2O5) 2.81%, potassium (K2O) 3.43%, it addition, the biodiversity percentage composition in the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer of the present embodiment offer is about 7.59%.
The preparation method of the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the present embodiment provides is essentially identical with the preparation method of the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that embodiment 1 provides, and is different in that:
In step prepared by described fertilizer, described cattle manure and described mushroom residue mix according to the mass ratio of 3.5:1, form described fermentation substrate；In described fermentation substrate, described microbial fermentation inoculum is added according to the ratio of the microbial fermentation inoculum of every 1000kg fermentation substrate addition 1.1L；At 55 DEG C～62 DEG C to described rectangle fermentation substrate heap fermentation 8 days, the weight/mass percentage composition of the key component of the final fertilizer prepared is as follows: organic 61.2%, purity nitrogen 2.31%, phosphorus (P2O5) 2.81%, potassium (K2O) 3.43%, pH value is 6.8～7.3；Wherein, the described microbial fermentation inoculum that the present embodiment adopts includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 48%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 14%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 18%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 9% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 11%, wherein, the concentration of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is 10.2 hundred million cfu/ml, the concentration of described Bacillus licheniformis liquid is 1,000,000,000 cfu/ml, the concentration of described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution is 10.5 hundred million cfu/ml, the concentration of described lactobacillus bacterium solution is the concentration of 9.9 hundred million cfu/ml and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution is 10.1 hundred million cfu/ml；
In the step of described carrier sterilizing, the fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed was 126 DEG C of autoclavings 0.8 hour, to obtain described carrier；
In step prepared by described finished product, when cultivating described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial, the cultivation temperature that each cultivation stage uses is 37 DEG C, and cultivation obtains the liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial that concentration is 1,200,000,000 cfu/ml；The solid trichoderma harzianum adopted in the present embodiment is the direct solid trichoderma harzianum that concentration is 1,000,000,000 cfu/g commercially.
Tobacco planting district of Henan Province is when transplanting tobacco seedlings, adopting trench digging to excute a law uses the method for Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the present embodiment provides to be: the ditch depth 10～15cm of the reclamation of wasteland, wide about 10cm, apply according to the guarantee of 0.5kg/ mu according to cigarette planting density with in seedling stage, after executing, earthing is poured water in time, and tobacco seedlings growing way is vigorous, until the trophophase of Nicotiana tabacum L., branch and leaf also grow vigorously, also without the generation of the various mycosis insect pests such as black shank, rust, damping off, bacterial wilt and black root；In other growth stages of Nicotiana tabacum L., adopt traditional method fertilising, finally find that the yield of first-class cigarette substantially increases, Nicotiana tabacum L. volume increase about 8.1%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, its composition is essentially identical with the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that embodiment 1 provides, be different in that: the concentration of silicate bacteria be 3.09 hundred million cfu/g, trichoderma harzianum concentration be 0.41 hundred million cfu/g, solubility humic acid weight/mass percentage composition be 10%, the weight/mass percentage composition of a great number of elements be 5.65%, wherein, this a great number of elements specifically includes the material of following weight/mass percentage composition: purity nitrogen 1.67%, phosphorus (P2O5) 1.81%, potassium (K2O) 2.17%, it addition, the biodiversity percentage composition in the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer of the present embodiment offer is about 6.95%.
The preparation method of the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the present embodiment provides is essentially identical with the preparation method of the described Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that embodiment 1 provides, and is different in that:
In step prepared by described fertilizer, described cattle manure and described mushroom residue mix according to the mass ratio of 3.1:1, form described fermentation substrate；In described fermentation substrate, described microbial fermentation inoculum is added according to the ratio of the microbial fermentation inoculum of every 1000kg fermentation substrate addition 1.05L；The weight/mass percentage composition of the key component of the final fertilizer prepared is as follows: organic 65.7%, purity nitrogen 1.67%, phosphorus (P2O5) 1.81%, potassium (K2O) 2.17%, pH value is 7.8～8.4；Wherein, the described microbial fermentation inoculum that the present embodiment adopts includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 50%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 12%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 16%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 8% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 14%, wherein, the concentration of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, described Bacillus licheniformis liquid, described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution, described lactobacillus bacterium solution and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution is 1,100,000,000 cfu/ml；
In the step of described carrier sterilizing, the fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed was 123 DEG C of autoclavings 0.9 hour, to obtain described carrier；
In step prepared by described finished product, when cultivating described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial, the cultivation temperature that each cultivation stage uses is 37 DEG C, and cultivation obtains the liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial that concentration is 12.5 hundred million cfu/ml；The concentration being cultivated the trichoderma harzianum obtained by the step of described cultivation solid trichoderma harzianum is 5.3 hundred million cfu/g.
Tobacco planting district of Henan Province, trophophase in tobacco seedlings adopts trench digging to excute a law to use the method for Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the present embodiment provides to be: the ditch depth 10～15cm of the reclamation of wasteland, wide about 10cm, apply according to cigarette planting density with in the guarantee of trophophase 1kg/ mu, after executing, earthing is poured water in time, until the latter stage of ripening Nicotiana tabacum L. branch and leaf of Nicotiana tabacum L. also grow vigorous, until the ripe generation also without various mycosis insect pests such as black shank, rust, damping off, bacterial wilt and black roots of Nicotiana tabacum L., and the yield of first-class cigarette substantially increases, Nicotiana tabacum L. volume increase about 10%.It addition, in the latter stage of ripening of tobacco seedlings, adopt trench digging to excute a law with the standard of 0.5kg/ mu and use the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer of the present embodiment offer so that Nicotiana tabacum L. volume increase about 7.5%.
Therefore, the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer that the embodiment of the present invention provides is a kind of according to tobacco growing environment, the B. mucilaginocus fertilizer that scientific allocation is novel, silicate bacteria amount reproduction and activity in soil on the one hand, the organic acid substance that growth metabolism produces, the potassium that can not be absorbed by Nicotiana tabacum L. that soil accumulates is changed into the available potassium that can be absorbed by Nicotiana tabacum L., quickly supplement the content of soil effective K, Nicotiana tabacum L. mu is executed 0.5kg cigarette richness potassium and is equivalent to mu and executes 30kg potassium sulfate, and the yield of first-class cigarette substantially increases, Nicotiana tabacum L. volume increase about 10%；On the other hand the material such as hormone, aminoacid, polysaccharide produced by it promotes the growth of Nicotiana tabacum L.；Meanwhile, B. mucilaginocus is bred in soil, it is suppressed that the growth of other pathogen, effectively reduces the generation of tobacco disease insect pest.
Finally should be noted that: above example is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme is not intended to limit；Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are it is understood that still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or portion of techniques feature carries out equivalent replacement；Without deviating from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention is claimed.
Claims (10)
1. a Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, it is characterized in that, it includes following components: the concentration >=silicate bacteria of 200,000,000 cfu/g, concentration are the trichoderma harzianum of 0.4～0.55 hundred million cfu/g, weight/mass percentage composition be 8%～10% solubility humic acid and a great number of elements of weight/mass percentage composition >=5%.
2. Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of described silicate bacteria is 2～500,000,000 cfu/g, the concentration of described trichoderma harzianum is 0.45～0.5 hundred million cfu/g.
3. Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described solubility humic acid and described a great number of elements are mainly by decomposed manure, and at the temperature of 121 DEG C～126 DEG C autoclaving 0.8～1.1 hour and prepare, wherein, described fertilizer meets NY525-2012 standard.
4. Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described fertilizer mainly by first by cattle manure with mushroom residue according to (2.5～3.5): the mass ratio of 1 mixes, formed fermentation substrate；Described fermentation substrate is carried out fermentation process by recycling microbial fermentation inoculum, makes described fertilizer.
5. Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described microbial fermentation inoculum includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 40%～50%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 12%～18%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 16%～24%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 7%～9% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 10%～14%, wherein, concentration respectively 9～1,100,000,000 cfu/ml of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, described Bacillus licheniformis liquid, described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution, described lactobacillus bacterium solution and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution.
6. a preparation method for Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer, it comprises the following steps:
Prepared by fertilizer: by cattle manure with mushroom residue according to (2.5～3.5): 1 ratio mixes, and forms fermentation substrate；Utilize microbial fermentation inoculum that described fermentation substrate is carried out fermentation process, make the fertilizer meeting NY525-2012 standard；
Carrier sterilizing: first become thoroughly decomposed described fertilizer, and at the temperature of 121 DEG C～126 DEG C autoclaving 0.8～1.1 hour, be cooled back to room temperature, obtain including the carrier of solubility humic acid and a great number of elements；
Prepared by finished product: first liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial and solid trichoderma harzianum are adsorbed onto respectively on described carrier；Then, air-dry by room temperature and pulverization process makes the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer described in any one of Claims 1 to 5.
7. the preparation method of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described microbial fermentation inoculum includes the component of volumes below percent: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution 40%～50%, Bacillus licheniformis liquid 12%～18%, saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution 16%～24%, lactobacillus bacterium solution 7%～9% and aspergillus niger bacterium solution 10%～14%, wherein, concentration respectively 9～1,100,000,000 cfu/ml of described bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, described Bacillus licheniformis liquid, described saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium solution, described lactobacillus bacterium solution and described aspergillus niger bacterium solution.
8. the preparation method of Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, step prepared by described Organic substance includes: fermentation substrate described in every 1000kg adds the ratio of microbial fermentation inoculum described in 0.9～1.1L, described fermentation substrate and described microbial fermentation inoculum are carried out Homogeneous phase mixing, stacks into the rectangle fermentation substrate heap of high 0.5～0.8m；At 48 DEG C～68 DEG C, described rectangle fermentation substrate heap is carried out fermentation process, until described fermentation substrate is loose and odorless.
9. the preparation method of the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer according to any one of claim 6～8, it is characterized in that, in step prepared by described finished product, described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial obtains mainly by the cultivation of following methods step: adopt moor's culture-medium solid medium when 35 DEG C～37 DEG C, cultivate silicate bacteria bacterial strain 22～25 hours in incubator, prepare activated silicates antibacterial；Utilizing moor's culture-medium fluid medium when 35 DEG C～37 DEG C, in liquid triangular flask, shaking table cultivates described activated silicates antibacterial 23～25 hours, obtains expanding propagation silicate bacteria；Adopt described moor's culture-medium fluid medium when 35 DEG C～37 DEG C, in fermentation tank, cultivate described expanding propagation silicate bacteria 22～25 hours, namely prepare described liquid silicon hydrochlorate antibacterial.
10. the preparation method of the Silicate Bacteria Fertilizer according to any one of claim 6～8, it is characterized in that, in step prepared by described finished product, described solid trichoderma harzianum obtains mainly by the cultivation of following methods step: adopt full wheat bran medium to cultivate T. harzianum strains 3～5 days at the temperature of 22 DEG C～26 DEG C.
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| CN108484267A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-04 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of complex microorganism ecological organic fertilier and its preparation method and application |
| CN108863508A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-23 | 黑龙江德沃长丰生物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of potato bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof for improveing sandy loam soil |
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