CN102179027B - 一种二茂铁类灭火组合物 - Google Patents
一种二茂铁类灭火组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102179027B CN102179027B CN2010102855646A CN201010285564A CN102179027B CN 102179027 B CN102179027 B CN 102179027B CN 2010102855646 A CN2010102855646 A CN 2010102855646A CN 201010285564 A CN201010285564 A CN 201010285564A CN 102179027 B CN102179027 B CN 102179027B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ferrocene
- fire
- acid
- extinguishing composite
- extinguishing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 223
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 ether compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethynylbenzene Chemical group C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanic acid Chemical compound OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A Chemical group C=1C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N S-phenyl benzenesulfonothioate Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ZILCTNWIPQCEPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene cyclopenta-2,4-diene-1-sulfonic acid iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe++].c1cc[cH-]c1.OS(=O)(=O)[c-]1cccc1 ZILCTNWIPQCEPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GPRSOIDYHMXAGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene cyclopentanecarboxylic acid iron Chemical compound [CH-]1[CH-][CH-][C-]([CH-]1)C(=O)O.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[Fe] GPRSOIDYHMXAGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrotriazine Chemical compound C1NNNC=C1 FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl cyanide Natural products CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QHWKHLYUUZGSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrabromophthalic anhydride Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Br QHWKHLYUUZGSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- STIAPHVBRDNOAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamimidoylazanium;carbonate Chemical compound NC(N)=N.NC(N)=N.OC(O)=O STIAPHVBRDNOAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decabromodiphenyl ether Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical class [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GRKDVZMVHOLESV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)methyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(COC(=O)C=C)C(Br)=C1Br GRKDVZMVHOLESV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CHLNHIVUNRZION-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dibromophenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1Br CHLNHIVUNRZION-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-nitrophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FIAXCDIQXHJNIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br FIAXCDIQXHJNIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OZHJEQVYCBTHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br OZHJEQVYCBTHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MRHCTSJVGDQROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-tribromo-4-ethoxybenzene Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br MRHCTSJVGDQROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane Chemical compound BrC1CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC1Br DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-butanediol Substances OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BVQVLAIMHVDZEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione Chemical group CC(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BVQVLAIMHVDZEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZSDQQJHSRVEGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6-amino-1h-indol-3-yl)acetonitrile Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2C(CC#N)=CNC2=C1 ZSDQQJHSRVEGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MOMFXATYAINJML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Acetylthiazole Chemical group CC(=O)C1=NC=CS1 MOMFXATYAINJML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical group C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CJCVWCLJWGEOOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethylcyclopenta-1,3-diene;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].CC[C-]1C=CC=C1.CC[C-]1C=CC=C1 CJCVWCLJWGEOOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical group C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OJRHBOVEJOQQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrBr(CC1=CC=CC=C1)(Br)(Br)(Br)Br Chemical compound BrBr(CC1=CC=CC=C1)(Br)(Br)(Br)Br OJRHBOVEJOQQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VXNRLQNRDGVMAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC(C(C(Cl)(Br)Br)(Br)Br)CCC Chemical compound BrC(C(C(Cl)(Br)Br)(Br)Br)CCC VXNRLQNRDGVMAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FKIYTGGTZFJXOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C#C.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[Fe+2].[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[Fe+2] Chemical group C(C)C#C.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[Fe+2].[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[Fe+2] FKIYTGGTZFJXOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ODPBHSLGMLNHAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(=O)O)(C[C-]1C=CC=C1)C.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[Fe+2] Chemical compound CC(C(=O)O)(C[C-]1C=CC=C1)C.[CH-]1C=CC=C1.[Fe+2] ODPBHSLGMLNHAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NWCOUGMDAPWVOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC.BrC=1C(=C(C(=C2C1C(=O)NC2=O)Br)Br)Br Chemical compound CC.BrC=1C(=C(C(=C2C1C(=O)NC2=O)Br)Br)Br NWCOUGMDAPWVOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003047 N-acetyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KPQIKRADSQBNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C(N)N=C(N)N=C1N.P(=O)(OO)(O)O Chemical compound N1=C(N)N=C(N)N=C1N.P(=O)(OO)(O)O KPQIKRADSQBNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DQMUQFUTDWISTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-2] Chemical compound O.[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-2] DQMUQFUTDWISTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940074545 sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium trimetaphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NKAAEMMYHLFEFN-ZVGUSBNCSA-M sodium;(2r,3r)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O NKAAEMMYHLFEFN-ZVGUSBNCSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;diacetate Chemical compound [Sr+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UIPNVCZMXRSSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium;oxido(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]B=O.[O-]B=O UIPNVCZMXRSSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LMEHHJBYKPTNLM-UHFFFAOYSA-H terbium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Tb+3].[Tb+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O LMEHHJBYKPTNLM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- ZXOGQNPNWAUSGY-UHFFFAOYSA-H thulium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Tm+3].[Tm+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O ZXOGQNPNWAUSGY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H trimagnesium dicitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- JCDQGOSXWGXOQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H ytterbium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Yb+3].[Yb+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O JCDQGOSXWGXOQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- QVOIJBIQBYRBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-H yttrium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O QVOIJBIQBYRBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000016804 zinc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013904 zinc acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MFXMOUUKFMDYLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O MFXMOUUKFMDYLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PCHQDTOLHOFHHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O PCHQDTOLHOFHHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LKCUKVWRIAZXDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydron;phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O LKCUKVWRIAZXDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/06—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components
Abstract
本发明涉及一种二茂铁类灭火组合物，所述的灭火组合物包括二茂铁、二茂铁衍生物或其组合，其含量为25质量％以上；在使用时，以烟火类药剂为热力源和动力源，通过点燃烟火类药剂，利用烟火类药剂燃烧的高温使灭火组合物产出大量灭火物质，随烟火类药剂一起喷出而达到灭火目的。与传统的灭火组合物相比，本发明可提供一种更高效、更安全的灭火组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属消防领域，涉及一种新型高效的灭火组合物，更具体地涉及将二茂铁及其衍生物作为主灭火材料的二茂铁类灭火组合物。
背景技术
自从1987年加拿大蒙特利尔公约对各国提出取代哈龙灭火剂的具体目标以来，世界各国都在致力于新的灭火技术的研究，既要灭火效率高，又要对环境无污染的灭火技术是人们努力的方向。
气体灭火系统，干粉灭火系统及水系灭火系统等由于对环境无害被作为哈龙灭火剂的替代品得到了广泛使用。二氧化碳，IG541等惰性气体灭火系统的灭火机理主要为物理灭火，通过降低着火区的氧气浓度而窒息灭火，这种灭火方式容易对人员的人身安全造成威胁，干粉灭火系统是通过在加压气体作用下喷出的粉末与火焰接触，发生物理化学抑制作用而灭火，水雾灭火系统是通过细水雾的冷却，窒息和隔绝热辐射的三重作用下达到控制火灾，抑制火灾和扑灭火灾的目的。
然而，这些灭火系统都需要高压贮存，不仅体积较大，在贮存过程中还存在物理爆炸的危险，文献“气体灭火系统的安全性分析”(消防科学与技术200221(5))分析了气体灭火系统所存在的危险，并列举了贮压气体灭火系统在使用中所引发的安全事故。
在寻找灭火物质的研究工作中，资料显示，国外的研究机构在这方面进行的研究较多，美国标准与技术研究院建筑与防火研究中心的下一代灭火技术项目组(NGP)在寻找哈龙替代品的新灭火物质方面进行了较多的实验研究工作。在研究中，他们发现二茂铁是一种具有很强灭火能力的灭火物质，他们用高温的氮气，二氧化碳或CF3H作为载气，加热二茂铁，二茂铁升华为气体，将载气连同二茂铁蒸汽作用于火焰上进行灭火试验，试验发现，添加了二茂铁后，能够明显降低载气的灭火浓度，由此证明二茂铁具有很强的火焰抑制能力(Halon Options Technical Working Conference 2-4May 2000，Flame Inhibitionby ferrocene，alone and with CO2 and CF3H；Proceedings of the CombustionInstitute，Volume 28，2000/pp 965-2972，Flame inhibition by ferrocene and blends ofinert and catalytic agents；Flame inhibition by ferrocene，Carbon Dioxide，andTrifluotomethane Blends Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects)。
国内的河南理工大学也进行了二茂铁火焰抑制方面的研究，发表了相关文章，河南理工大学学报，2008，Vol.27No.6，二茂铁作用下油池火热释放速率特性的研究；中国矿业大学学报，2008，Vol.37No.2，二茂铁作用下酒精火熄灭特性研究；安全与环境学报，2008.Vol.8No.2，气相二茂铁抑制池火燃烧的有效性分析；热科学与技术，2007，Vol.6No.3，气相二茂铁抑制酒精池火燃烧的实验研究；火灾科学，2007，Vol.16No.2，二茂铁灭火试验平台研制与灭火有效性实验研究，并有专利CN 101327364A一种二茂铁灭火试验系统。
但是，这些关于二茂铁灭火性能的研究仅建立在实验室研究的基础上，并没有进行实际应用，虽然专利CN 1238226A新型气溶胶灭火剂将二茂铁用于气溶胶灭火剂的配方中，但是其是作为催化剂使用，并没有利用二茂铁具有火焰抑制作用的性质。
现有的气溶胶灭火剂主要有S型和K型灭火剂，通过综合分析其性能特点，其不足之处主要为：气溶胶灭火剂均是利用灭火剂发生氧化还原反应释放出大量气体、活性粒子，通过活性粒子的断链反应，大量气体的覆盖窒息，实现化学与物理相结合的灭火目的。气溶胶灭火剂发生燃烧反应在释放出气溶胶的同时，释放出大量的热，为有效降低装置和气溶胶的温度，避免发生二次火灾，需增加冷却系统，导致装置结构复杂笨重，工艺流程复杂，成本高，且由于冷却系统的存在，使大量活性粒子失去活性，导致灭火性能大大降低。
发明内容
针对现有灭火装置的现状，特别是气溶胶灭火剂的固有缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种无需压力贮存，更安全，更环保高效的二茂铁类灭火组合物。
本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物包括二茂铁、二茂铁衍生物或其组合，其含量为25质量％以上。
本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物除了作为主灭火材料的二茂铁或二茂铁衍生物以外，可以适当地加入本领域常用的各种阻燃剂、添加剂等。
本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物可以同时达到以下效果：一、二茂铁类灭火组合物在受热瞬间释放出大量有效灭火物质，且灭火物质以液态或固态微粒为主，通过多种微粒的协同作用，大大缩短了灭火时间；二、通过分解产物的阻燃作用，在降低火源复燃可能性的同时，也进一步提升了灭火剂的灭火效能；三、二茂铁类灭火组合物在高温受热情况下，即可迅速发生吸热分解，有效快速降低了烟火药剂燃烧释放的热量，大大降低了灭火器喷口及喷放物质的温度，免去了灭火装置复杂的冷却系统，也消除了出现二次火灾的危险性；四、灭火组合物易于加工成型，且可单独使用或者与物理冷却剂配套使用；五、性能稳定、易于长期贮存；六、低毒性或无毒性，对环境友好性能优良。
下面，更详细地描述本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物。
本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物包括二茂铁、二茂铁衍生物或其组合，其含量为25质量％以上。
现有技术中已经揭示了在灭火组合物中加入二茂铁，但均是将其作为添加剂加入，且添加量非常少，大约在5质量％以下。本发明人通过大量实验发现，当以二茂铁或二茂铁衍生物作为主灭火材料(含量25质量％以上)时可以获得优异的灭火效果，且对环境友好。
二茂铁或二茂铁衍生物的火焰抑制机理如下：气相二茂铁或其衍生物遇高温分解出气相铁原子，铁与氧气发生反应生成FeO2，FeO2能捕捉链式燃烧反应中的氧自由基生成FeO。FeO是一个不稳定的活性物，它与Fe(OH)2和FeOH一起进入氢原子重组的催化循环，Fe(OH)2能捕捉链式燃烧反应中的氢自由基生成FeOH，FeOH能继续消耗链式燃烧反应进行的氢自由基并生成FeO，形成FeO消耗氢自由基的循环，以此阻断链式燃烧反应。
在大量自由基阻断链式燃烧反应的同时，分解过程中释放出的铁粒子或其他活性粒子也与烟火药剂、灭火组合物辅助成分所释放出的灭火物质产生协同增效作用，进一步提高了灭火剂的灭火效能，大大缩短了有效灭火时间。
为了实现良好的灭火效果，本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物中二茂铁或其衍生物的含量至少为25质量％，优选为40质量％以上。尽管二茂铁或其衍生物的含量为100质量％时同样可以实现发明目的，但是当该含量达到一定程度时二茂铁或其衍生物的灭火效果并不会随着含量的增加发生明显的变化，从这个角度考虑二茂铁或其衍生物的含量优选为80质量％以下。
为了保障灭火组合物在常温条件下性能稳定，方便长期储存，上述二茂铁衍生物优选熔点在100℃以上。同时，为了使灭火组合物在受热情况下，能迅速分解、挥发、反应释放出大量灭火物质，也将灭火剂燃烧的热量快速带走，进一步优选具有可挥发性的二茂铁衍生物。
本发明中使用的二茂铁衍生物可以为二茂铁醛酮类化合物，例如：1，2-二甲酰基二茂铁，3-二茂铁基丙烯醛，(4-甲酰苯基)二茂铁，八甲基甲酰基二茂铁，氯乙酰基二茂铁，1-乙酰基-1′-氰基二茂铁，α-氧代-1，1′-三亚甲基二茂铁，β-氧代-1，1′-四亚甲基二茂铁，1，1′-二乙酰基二茂铁，(1，3-二氧代丁基)二茂铁，1-乙酰基-1′-乙酰氨基二茂铁，(2-氯苯甲酰基)二茂铁，苯甲酰基二茂铁，1，1′-二(3-氰丙酰基)二茂铁，苯乙酰基二茂铁，(2-甲氧基苯甲酰基)二茂铁，1，1′-二(乙酰乙酰基)二茂铁，1-乙酰基-1′-对氯苯甲酰基二茂铁，1-二茂铁基-3-苯基-2-丙烯-1-酮，3-二茂铁基-1-苯基-2-丙烯-1-酮，(2，4-二甲氧基苯甲酰基)二茂铁，1，1′-二(丙酰乙酰基)二茂铁，双二茂铁甲酮，2-乙酰基联二茂铁，1，1′-二(五氟苯甲酰基)二茂铁，1，2-双二茂铁酰基乙烷，1，3-双(二茂铁甲叉)丙酮，1′-乙酰基-2，2-双二茂铁基丙烷，1，1′-二(苯酰乙酰基)二茂铁。
本发明中使用的二茂铁衍生物还可以为二茂铁羧酸及其衍生物类化合物，例如：二茂铁甲酸，2-羟基二茂铁甲酸，二茂铁乙酸，二茂铁硫基乙酸，3-二茂铁基丙烯酸，二茂铁丙酸，二茂铁甲硫基乙酸，1，1′-二茂铁二乙酸，二茂铁丁酸，二茂铁戊酸，2，2-二甲基-3-二茂铁基丙酸，1，1′-二茂铁二丙酸，二茂铁己酸，1，1′-二茂铁二丁酸，4，4-双二茂铁基戊酸，1，1′-二茂铁二甲酰氯，1，2-二茂铁二甲酸酐，1，1′-二茂铁二乙酸酐，2-(1′-羧甲基二茂铁)苯甲酸酐，二茂铁甲酸酐，1，1′二茂铁二甲酸二甲酯，3-二茂铁基丙烯酸乙酯，1，1″′-二(甲氧羰基)联二茂铁，4，4-双二茂铁基戊酸甲酯，二茂铁甲酰胺，二茂铁甲酰胲，二茂铁甲酰肼，乙酰氨基二茂铁，二茂铁甲酰吖丙啶，1′-乙烯基二茂铁甲酰胺，N-(2-氰乙基)二茂铁甲酰胺，N-乙酰基-2-二茂铁乙胺，N-丁基二茂铁甲酰胺，1，1′-二茂铁二甲酰吖丙啶，N，N，N′，N′-四甲基-1，1′-二茂铁二甲酰胺，N-苯基二茂铁甲酰羟胺，N-二茂铁基邻苯二甲酰亚胺，N-苯甲酰基-2-二茂铁乙胺，4，4-双二茂铁基戊酰胺，氰基二茂铁，1，1′二氰基二茂铁。
本发明中使用的二茂铁衍生物还可以为二茂铁醇、酚和醚类化合物，例如：α-羟基二茂铁乙腈，二茂铁二甲醇，1，2-二茂铁二甲醇，1，1′-二(1-羟乙基)二茂铁，八甲基二茂铁甲醇，二茂铁基-(2，4，6-三甲氧苯基)甲醇，双二茂铁基甲醇，α，α-二苯基二茂铁甲醇，4-(2-二茂铁基-2-羟乙基)-4′-甲基-2，2′-联吡啶，2-甲基-α，α-二苯基二茂铁甲醇，1，4-双二茂铁基-1，4-丁二醇，4，4-双二茂铁基-1-戊醇，4，4′-二(2-二茂铁-2-羟乙基)-2，2′-联吡啶，1，1′-二(二苯基羟甲基)二茂铁，(4-羟基苯基)二茂铁，2-氧杂-1，1′-三亚甲基二茂铁，1，3-二甲基-2-氧杂-1，1′三亚甲基二茂铁，双(二茂铁甲基)醚，1，1-双二茂铁甲基叔丁基醚。
本发明中使用的二茂铁衍生物还可以为二茂铁烃类化合物，例如：1，1′-三亚甲基二茂铁，1，1′-二乙基二茂铁，1-乙烯基-1′-氯二茂铁，1，1′-二(α-环戊二烯基叉乙基)二茂铁，苯乙炔基二茂铁，双二茂铁基乙炔，1，1′-二(苯乙炔基)二茂铁，1，1′-双(二茂铁乙炔基)二茂铁，1，1′，2，2′-四氯二茂铁，氟代二茂铁，联二茂铁，2，2-双二茂铁基丙烷，1，1-双二茂铁基戊烷，1′，1″′-二(三苯甲基)联二茂铁。
本发明中使用的二茂铁衍生物还可以为二茂铁含氮类化合物，例如：(2-硝基乙烯基)二茂铁，(4-硝基苯基)二茂铁，2-羟基-2-二茂铁乙胺，N，N′-双二茂铁基乙二胺，N，N′-双二茂铁甲基乙二胺，N，N′-二(双二茂铁甲基)乙二胺，2-羟基-5-硝基苯甲亚胺基二茂铁，苯甲酰基二茂铁肟，二茂铁甲基重氮甲基酮，1，1′-二苯基偶氮二茂铁，二茂铁基苯基甲亚氨基苯，1，6-二茂铁基-2，5-二氮杂-1，5-己二烯。
本发明中使用的二茂铁衍生物还可以为二茂铁含硫和含磷类化合物，例如：1，1′-二茂铁二磺酰氯，1，1′-二茂铁二磺酰叠氮，二茂铁磺酰氯，二茂铁亚磺酸，二茂铁磺酸，(二乙基二硫代氨甲酯基)二茂铁，1，1′-二(二甲基二硫代氨甲酯基)二茂铁，二茂铁甲基苯基砜，硫赶二茂铁磺酸二茂铁酯，双二茂铁基二硫，N，N′-二环己基-1，1′-二茂铁二磺酰胺，(二苯膦基)二茂铁；二茂铁含硅化合物类：1，1′-二氯-2-三氯硅基二茂铁，双(1，1′-二氯-2，2′-亚二茂铁基)硅烷，(1，1′-八甲基亚二茂铁基)二甲硅烷，(1，1′-二氯-2，2′-亚二茂铁基)二苯基硅烷，1，1′-二[α-羟基-α-(三甲硅丙基)乙基]二茂铁，1，1′-二(邻苯二甲酰亚胺甲基二甲硅基)二茂铁。
本发明中使用的二茂铁衍生物还可以为二茂铁杂环类化合物，例如：2-二茂铁基-1，3-二噻烷，5-二茂铁甲叉-1-氮杂-3-氧杂-4-氧代-2-苯基-1-环戊烯，1，3-双二茂铁基咪唑啉，2，5-双二茂铁基四氢呋喃。
本发明中使用的二茂铁衍生物还可以为：例如1，1′-二铜代二茂铁，氯汞基二茂铁，二茂铁硼酸，二茂铁基乙炔化亚铜，双二茂铁基二茂钛。
本领域技术人员应当理解的是，本发明旨在发现一种新型的主灭火材料及其在灭火组合物中的含量，在不损害灭火组合物的前提下本领域技术人员可以任意地配合使用本领域常用的配合物质例如阻燃剂、添加剂或其他灭火物质等。上述配合物质是为了防止主灭火材料在未到达火焰之前发生燃烧，失去灭火效能。
本发明中可以优选使用的阻燃剂为分解温度在100℃以上，受热易分解，且能释放出气体、液态或固态粒子的化合物，或受热分解产物有阻燃效果的化合物。具体可以为溴系阻燃剂，例如：四溴双酚A，四溴双酚A醚，1，2-双(三溴苯氧基)乙烷，2，4，6-三溴苯基缩水甘油醚，四溴邻苯二甲酸酐，1，2-双(四溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺)乙烷，四溴邻苯二甲酸二甲酯，四溴邻苯二甲酸二钠，十溴二苯醚，十四溴二(苯氧基)苯，1，2-双(五溴苯基)乙烷，溴代三甲基苯基氢化茚，丙烯酸五溴苄酯，五溴苄基溴，六溴苯，五溴甲苯，2，4，6-三溴苯基顺丁烯二酰亚胺，六溴环十二烷，N，N′-1，2-双(二溴降冰片基二碳酰亚胺)乙烷，五溴氯环己烷，三(2，3-二溴丙基)异三聚氰酸酯，溴代苯乙烯共聚物，四溴双酚A碳酸酯低聚物，聚丙烯酸五溴苄酯，聚二溴亚苯基醚；氯系阻燃剂，例如：得克隆，海特酸酐，全氯五环癸烷，四氯双酚A，四氯邻苯二甲酸酐，六氯苯，氯化聚丙烯，氯化聚率乙烯，氯乙烯-偏二氯乙烯共聚物，氯化聚醚，六氯乙烷；有机磷系阻燃剂：1-氧代-4-羟甲基-2，6，7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2，2，2]辛烷，2，2-二甲基-1，3-丙二醇-二(新戊二醇)双磷酸酯，9，10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10氧化物，双(4-羧苯基)苯基氧化磷，双(4-羟苯基)苯基氧化磷，磷酸苯基二苯砜酯齐聚物；磷-卤系阻燃剂，例如：三(2，2-二(溴甲基)-3-溴丙基)磷酸酯，三(二溴苯基)磷酸酯，3，9-双(三溴苯氧基)-2，4，8，10，-四氧杂-3，9-二磷杂螺环[5，5]-3，9-二氧十一烷，3，9-双(五溴苯氧基)-2，4，8，10，-四氧杂-3，9-二磷杂螺环[5，5]-3，9-二氧十一烷，1-氧代-4-三溴苯氧羰基-2，6，7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2，2，2]辛烷，对亚苯基四(2，4，6-三溴苯基)双磷酸酯，2，2-二(氯甲基)-1，3-丙二醇-二(新戊二醇)双磷酸酯，2，9-二(三溴新戊氧基)-2，4，8，10-四氧杂-3，9-二磷杂螺环[5.5]-3，9-二氧十一烷；氮系及磷-氮系阻燃剂，例如：三聚氰胺，氰尿酸三聚氰胺，正磷酸三聚氰胺，正磷酸二三聚氰胺，聚磷酸三聚氰胺，硼酸三聚氰胺，八钼酸三聚氰胺，三聚氰酸，三羟乙基异氰尿酸酯，2，4-二氨基-6-(3，3，3-三氯丙基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2，4-二(N-羟甲基氨基)-6-(3，3，3-三氯丙基-1，3，5-三嗪)，磷酸氢二胍，磷酸二氢胍，碳酸胍，氨基磺酸胍，脲，磷酸二氢脲，双氰胺，双(2，6，7-三氧杂-1-磷杂-双环[2.2.2]辛烷-1-氧-4-甲基)羟基磷酸酯三聚氰胺，3，9-二羟基-3，9-二氧-2，4，8，10-四氧杂-3，9-二磷杂螺环[5.5]十一烷-3，9-二三聚氰胺，1，2-二(2-氧-5，5-二甲基-1，3-二氧杂-2-磷杂环己基-2-氨基)乙烷，N，N′-双(2-氧-5，5-二甲基-1，3-二氧杂-2-磷杂换己基)-2，2′-间苯二胺，三(2-氧-5，5-二甲基-1，3-二氧杂-2-杂环己基-2-甲基)胺，六氯环三磷腈；无机阻燃剂，例如：红磷，聚磷酸铵，磷酸氢二铵，磷酸二氢铵，磷酸锌，磷酸铝，磷酸硼，三氧化二锑，氢氧化铝，氢氧化镁，水菱镁石，碱性草酸铝，硼酸锌，偏硼酸钡，氧化锌，硫化锌，七水硫酸锌，硼酸铝晶须，八钼酸铵，七钼酸铵，锡酸锌，一氧化锡，二氧化锡，二茂铁，丙酮铁，三氧化二铁，四氧化三铁，溴化铵，钨酸钠，六氟钛酸钾，六氟锆酸价，钛白粉，碳酸钙，硫酸钡。
本发明中使用的阻燃剂还可以为其他分解温度在100℃以上可分解出灭火物质的化学物质，例如：碳酸氢钠，碳酸氢钾，碳酸钴，碳酸锌，碱式碳酸锌，重质碳酸镁，碱式碳酸镁，碳酸锰，碳酸亚铁，碳酸锶，碳酸钠钾·6水，碳酸镁，碳酸钙，白云岩，碱式碳酸铜，碳酸锆，碳酸铍，倍半碳酸钠，碳酸铈，碳酸镧，碳酸胍，碳酸锂，碳酸钪，碳酸钒，碳酸铬，碳酸镍，碳酸钇，碳酸银，碳酸镨，碳酸钕，碳酸钐，碳酸铕，碳酸钆，碳酸铽，碳酸镝，碳酸钬，碳酸铒，碳酸铥，碳酸镱，碳酸镥，二醋酸铝，乙酸钙，酒石酸氢钠，醋酸钠，醋酸钾，醋酸锌，醋酸锶，醋酸镍，醋酸铜，草酸钠，草酸钾，草酸铵，草酸镍，二水草酸锰，一氮化二铁，硝酸钠，硝酸镁，硝酸钾，硝酸锆，磷酸二氢钙，磷酸二氢钠，二水磷酸二氢钠，磷酸二氢钾，磷酸二氢铝，磷酸二氢铵，磷酸二氢锌，磷酸二氢锰，磷酸二氢镁，磷酸氢二钠，磷酸氢二铵，磷酸氢钙，磷酸氢镁，磷酸铵，磷酸铵镁，聚磷酸铵，偏磷酸钾，三聚磷酸钾，三偏磷酸钠，次磷酸铵，亚磷酸二氢铵，磷酸锰，磷酸氢二锌，磷酸氢二锰，磷酸胍，磷酸蜜胺盐，磷酸脲，磷酸氢二偏硼酸锶，硼酸，五硼酸铵，四硼酸钾·8水，偏硼酸镁·8水，四硼酸铵·4水，偏硼酸锶，四硼酸锶，四硼酸锶·4水，四硼酸钠·10水，硼酸锰，硼酸锌，氟硼酸铵，硫酸亚铁铵，硫酸铝，硫酸铝钾，硫酸铝铵，硫酸铵，硫酸氢镁，氢氧化铝，氢氧化镁，氢氧化铁，氢氧化钴，氢氧化铋，氢氧化锶，氢氧化铈，氢氧化镧，氢氧化钼，钼酸铵，锡酸锌，三硅酸镁，碲酸，钨酸锰，水锰矿，二茂钴，5-氨基四唑，硝酸胍，偶氮二甲酰胺，尼龙粉，草酰胺，缩二脲，季戊四醇，十溴联苯醚，四溴邻苯二甲酸酐，二溴新戊二醇，柠檬酸钾，柠檬酸钠，柠檬酸锰，柠檬酸镁，柠檬酸铜，柠檬酸铵，硝基胍。
从充分发挥作为主灭火材料的二茂铁或其衍生物的灭火效果考虑，上述的阻燃剂含量为不高于75质量％，优选60质量％以下，进一步优选50质量％以下，同时20质量％以上。
本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物还可以根据需要加入各种添加剂，例如硬脂酸盐、石墨、高聚物的水溶性复配溶液或其混合物。该添加剂的含量优选为0.5～10质量％。
本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物优选的各组分及其含量为：
二茂铁、二茂铁衍生物或其组合 30质量％～80质量％
阻燃剂 20质量％～60质量％
添加剂 5质量％～8质量％；
本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物更优选的各组分及其含量为：
二茂铁、二茂铁衍生物或其组合 40质量％～70质量％
阻燃剂 30质量％～50质量％
添加剂 5质量％～8质量％。
本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物可以采用制丸、模压、挤压等工艺成型为块状、片状、球状、条状以及蜂窝状，并且可经过表面包覆处理。进行表面包覆处理时优选加入羟丙甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素作为表面包覆剂。该表面包覆剂可以改善组合物体系的表面光洁度，并使其强度、耐磨性和耐振性进一步提高，防止了运输过程中冷却剂粉化、掉渣并溢出灭火装置现象的出现。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例更具体地说明本发明的二茂铁类灭火组合物。
实施例1
将制得的二茂铁、磷酸二氢铵和硫酸亚铁铵组合物样品50g加入装有50g K型热气溶胶发生剂的灭火装置中，实施面积为0.1m2油盘的汽油灭火试验；试验测试结果见表1。
实施例2
将制得的二茂铁与聚磷酸铵组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例3
将制得的二茂铁与碳酸锌组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例4
将制得的二茂铁、氯化钾、氧化锌、氧化铁和碱式碳酸镁组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例5
将制得的二茂铁、氯化钾、氧化锌、碳酸锰和硅酸钠组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例6
将制得的二茂铁、三聚氰胺和氢氧化镁组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例7
将制得的二茂铁与草酸铵组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例8
将制得的苯乙烯基二茂铁、磷酸二氢铵和硫酸亚铁铵组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例9
将制得的联二茂铁与聚磷酸铵组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例10
将制得的二茂铁磺酰氯、氯化钾、氧化锌、碳酸锰和硅酸钠组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
对比例1
将只装有100g S型热气溶胶灭火剂的灭火装置样品，实施面积为0.1m2油盘的汽油灭火试验；试验测试结果见表1。
对比例2
将只装有100g K型热气溶胶灭火剂的灭火装置样品，实施面积为0.1m2油盘的汽油灭火试验；试验测试结果见表1。
对比例3
灭火组合物中不加入作为主要灭火物质的二茂铁，仅加入冷却及灭火辅助材料碳酸锰、加工助剂硬脂酸镁、羟丙甲基纤维素，制备成组合物后，依照实施例1的步骤进行测试试验，测试结果见表1。
表1：各种组分成分比较和试验结果对比
上述表中对比例1和2所使用的S、K型灭火剂均为市售灭火剂。通过表1可以清楚地看出，本发明的实施例1-10的二茂铁类灭火组合物在灭火效率上不仅远远优于对比例1-3的情况，在灭火时间上和发生器喷口温度上也明显优于对比例1-3的情况，并且，在实施例4、5、6和10添加了表面包覆剂的二茂铁类灭火组合物在强度、耐磨性和耐振性方面较其他的灭火组合物得到明显改善。
上述具体实施例仅仅是示例性的，在本发明的上述教导下，本领域技术人员可以在上述实施例的基础上进行各种改进和变形，而这些改进或者变形落在本发明的保护范围内。本领域技术人员应该明白，上面的具体描述只是为了解释本发明的目的，并非用于限制发明。
Claims (30)
1.一种二茂铁类灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述的灭火组合物包括二茂铁、二茂铁衍生物或其组合，其含量为25质量％以上；在使用时，以烟火类药剂为热力源和动力源，通过点燃烟火类药剂，利用烟火类药剂燃烧的高温使灭火组合物产生出大量的灭火物质，随烟火类药剂一起喷出而达到灭火目的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁衍生物的熔点为100℃以上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁衍生物为可挥发的化合物。
4.根据权利要求1至3任一所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述烟火类药剂为烟火类气溶胶灭火剂。
5.根据权利要求1至3任一所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁衍生物为二茂铁醛酮类化合物、或者二茂铁羧酸及其衍生物类化合物、或者二茂铁醇、酚和醚类化合物、或者二茂铁烃类化合物、或者二茂铁含氮类化合物、或者二茂铁含硫和含磷类化合物、或者二茂铁含硅类化合物或者二茂铁杂环类化合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁醛酮类化合物为1，2-二甲酰基二茂铁，3-二茂铁基丙烯醛，(4-甲酰苯基)二茂铁，八甲基甲酰基二茂铁，氯乙酰基二茂铁，1-乙酰基-1′-氰基二茂铁，α-氧代-1，1′-三亚甲基二茂铁，β-氧代-1，1′-四亚甲基二茂铁，1，1′-二乙酰基二茂铁，(1，3-二氧代丁基)二茂铁，1-乙酰基-1′-乙酰氨基二茂铁，(2-氯苯甲酰基)二茂铁，苯甲酰基二茂铁，1，1′-二(3-氰丙酰基)二茂铁，苯乙酰基二茂铁，(2-甲氧基苯甲酰基)二茂铁，1，1′-二(乙酰乙酰基)二茂铁，1-乙酰基-1′-对氯苯甲酰基二茂铁，1-二茂铁基-3-苯基-2-丙烯-1-酮，3-二茂铁基-1-苯基-2-丙烯-1-酮，(2，4-二甲氧基苯甲酰基)二茂铁，1，1′-二(丙酰乙酰基)二茂铁，双二茂铁甲酮，2-乙酰基联二茂铁，1，1′-二(五氟苯甲酰基)二茂铁，1，2-双二茂铁酰基乙烷，1，3-双(二茂铁甲叉)丙酮，1′-乙酰基-2，2-双二茂铁基丙烷或1，1′-二(苯酰乙酰基)二茂铁。
7.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁羧酸及其衍生物类化合物为二茂铁甲酸，2-羟基二茂铁甲酸，二茂铁乙酸，二茂铁硫基乙酸，3-二茂铁基丙烯酸，二茂铁丙酸，二茂铁甲硫基乙酸，1，1′-二茂铁二乙酸，二茂铁丁酸，二茂铁戊酸，2，2-二甲基-3-二茂铁基丙酸，1，1′-二茂铁二丙酸，二茂铁己酸，1，1′-二茂铁二丁酸，4，4-双二茂铁基戊酸，1，1′-二茂铁二甲酰氯，1，2-二茂铁二甲酸酐，1，1′-二茂铁二乙酸酐，2-(1′-羧甲基二茂铁)苯甲酸酐，二茂铁甲酸酐，1，1′二茂铁二甲酸二甲酯，3-二茂铁基丙烯酸乙酯，1，1″′-二(甲氧羰基)联二茂铁，4，4-双二茂铁基戊酸甲酯，二茂铁甲酰胺，二茂铁甲酰胲，二茂铁甲酰肼，乙酰氨基二茂铁，二茂铁甲酰吖丙啶，1′-乙烯基二茂铁甲酰胺，N-(2-氰乙基)二茂铁甲酰胺，N-乙酰基-2-二茂铁乙胺，N-丁基二茂铁甲酰胺，1，1′-二茂铁二甲酰吖丙啶，N，N，N′，N′-四甲基-1，1′-二茂铁二甲酰胺，N-苯基二茂铁甲酰羟胺，N-二茂铁基邻苯二甲酰亚胺，N-苯甲酰基-2-二茂铁乙胺，4，4-双二茂铁基戊酰胺，氰基二茂铁或1，1′二氰基二茂铁。
8.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁醇、酚和醚类化合物为α-羟基二茂铁乙腈，二茂铁二甲醇，1，2-二茂铁二甲醇，1，1′-二(1-羟乙基)二茂铁，八甲基二茂铁甲醇，二茂铁基-(2，4，6-三甲氧苯基)甲醇，双二茂铁基甲醇，α，α-二苯基二茂铁甲醇，4-(2-二茂铁基-2-羟乙基)-4′-甲基-2，2′-联吡啶，2-甲基-α，α-二苯基二茂铁甲醇，1，4-双二茂铁基-1，4-丁二醇，4，4-双二茂铁基-1-戊醇，4，4′-二(2-二茂铁-2-羟乙基)-2，2′-联吡啶，1，1′-二(二苯基羟甲基)二茂铁，(4-羟基苯基)二茂铁，2-氧杂-1，1′-三亚甲基二茂铁，1，3-二甲基-2-氧杂-1，1′三亚甲基二茂铁，双(二茂铁甲基)醚或1，1-双二茂铁甲基叔丁基醚。
9.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁烃类化合物为1，1′-三亚甲基二茂铁，1，1′-二乙基二茂铁，1-乙烯基-1′-氯二茂铁，1，1′-二(α-环戊二烯基叉乙基)二茂铁，苯乙炔基二茂铁，双二茂铁基乙炔，1，1′-二(苯乙炔基)二茂铁，1，1′-双(二茂铁乙炔基)二茂铁，1，1′，2，2′-四氯二茂铁，氟代二茂铁，联二茂铁，2，2-双二茂铁基丙烷，1，1-双二茂铁基戊烷或1′，1″′-二(三苯甲基)联二茂铁。
10.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁含氮类化合物为(2-硝基乙烯基)二茂铁，(4-硝基苯基)二茂铁，2-羟基-2-二茂铁乙胺，N，N′-双二茂铁基乙二胺，N，N′-双二茂铁甲基乙二胺，N，N′-二(双二茂铁甲基)乙二胺，2-羟基-5-硝基苯甲亚胺基二茂铁，苯甲酰基二茂铁肟，二茂铁甲基重氮甲基酮，1，1′-二苯基偶氮二茂铁，二茂铁基苯基甲亚氨基苯或1，6-二茂铁基-2，5-二氮杂-1，5-己二烯。
11.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁含硫和含磷类化合物为1，1′-二茂铁二磺酰氯，1，1′-二茂铁二磺酰叠氮，二茂铁磺酰氯，二茂铁亚磺酸，二茂铁磺酸，(二乙基二硫代氨甲酯基)二茂铁，1，1′-二(二甲基二硫代氨甲酯基)二茂铁，二茂铁甲基苯基砜，硫赶二茂铁磺酸二茂铁酯，双二茂铁基二硫，N，N′-二环己基-1，1′-二茂铁二磺酰胺或(二苯膦基)二茂铁。
12.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁含硅类化合物为1，1′-二氯-2-三氯硅基二茂铁，双(1，1′-二氯-2，2′-亚二茂铁基)硅烷，(1，1′-八甲基亚二茂铁基)二甲硅烷，(1，1′-二氯-2，2′-亚二茂铁基)二苯基硅烷，1，1′-二[α-羟基-α-(三甲硅丙基)乙基]二茂铁或1，1′-二(邻苯二甲酰亚胺甲基二甲硅基)二茂铁。
13.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁杂环类化合物为2-二茂铁基-1，3-二噻烷，5-二茂铁甲叉-1-氮杂-3-氧杂-4-氧代-2-苯基-1-环戊烯，1，3-双二茂铁基咪唑啉或2，5-双二茂铁基四氢呋喃。
14.根据权利要求1至3任一所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁衍生物还可为1，1′-二铜代二茂铁，氯汞基二茂铁，二茂铁硼酸，二茂铁基乙炔化亚铜或双二茂铁基二茂钛。
15.根据权利要求1至3任一所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述灭火组合物进一步包括阻燃剂，所述阻燃剂为分解温度在100℃以上，分解过程中能释放出有阻燃效果的气体、液态或固态粒子的化合物。
16.根据权利要求15所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述阻燃剂的含量为不高于75质量％。
17.根据权利要求5所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述灭火组合物进一步包括阻燃剂，所述阻燃剂为分解温度在100℃以上，分解过程中能释放出有阻燃效果的气体、液态或固态粒子的化合物；所述阻燃剂含量为不高于75质量％。
18.根据权利要求15所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述阻燃剂为溴系阻燃剂、或者氯系阻燃剂、或者有机磷系阻燃剂、或者磷-卤系阻燃剂、或者氮系及磷-氮系阻燃剂、或者无机阻燃剂。
19.根据权利要求18所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述溴系阻燃剂为四溴双酚A，四溴双酚A醚，1，2-双(三溴苯氧基)乙烷，2，4，6-三溴苯基缩水甘油醚，四溴邻苯二甲酸酐，1，2-双(四溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺)乙烷，四溴邻苯二甲酸二甲酯，四溴邻苯二甲酸二钠，十溴二苯醚，十四溴二(苯氧基)苯，1，2-双(五溴苯基)乙烷，溴代三甲基苯基氢化茚，丙烯酸五溴苄酯，五溴苄基溴，六溴苯，五溴甲苯，2，4，6-三溴苯基顺丁烯二酰亚胺，六溴环十二烷，N，N′-1，2-双(二溴降冰片基二碳酰亚胺)乙烷，五溴氯环己烷，三(2，3-二溴丙基)异三聚氰酸酯，溴代苯乙烯共聚物，四溴双酚A碳酸酯低聚物，聚丙烯酸五溴苄酯或聚二溴亚苯基醚。
20.根据权利要求18所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述氯系阻燃剂为得克隆，海特酸酐，全氯五环癸烷，四氯双酚A，四氯邻苯二甲酸酐，六氯苯，氯化聚丙烯，氯化聚率乙烯，氯乙烯-偏二氯乙烯共聚物，氯化聚醚或六氯乙烷。
21.根据权利要求18所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述有机磷系阻燃剂为1-氧代-4-羟甲基-2，6，7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2，2，2]辛烷，2，2-二甲基-1，3-丙二醇-二(新戊二醇)双磷酸酯，9，10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10氧化物，双(4-羧苯基)苯基氧化磷，双(4-羟苯基)苯基氧化磷或磷酸苯基二苯砜酯齐聚物。
22.根据权利要求18所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述磷-卤系阻燃剂为三(2，2-二(溴甲基)-3-溴丙基)磷酸酯，三(二溴苯基)磷酸酯，3，9-双(三溴苯氧基)-2，4，8，10，-四氧杂-3，9-二磷杂螺环[5，5]-3，9-二氧十一烷，3，9-双(五溴苯氧基)-2，4，8，10，-四氧杂-3，9-二磷杂螺环[5，5]-3，9-二氧十一烷，1-氧代-4-三溴苯氧羰基-2，6，7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2，2，2]辛烷，对亚苯基四(2，4，6-三溴苯基)双磷酸酯，2，2-二(氯甲基)-1，3-丙二醇-二(新戊二醇)双磷酸酯或2，9-二(三溴新戊氧基)-2，4，8，10-四氧杂-3，9-二磷杂螺环[5.5]-3，9-二氧十一烷。
23.根据权利要求18所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述氮系及磷-氮系阻燃剂为三聚氰胺，氰尿酸三聚氰胺，正磷酸三聚氰胺，正磷酸二三聚氰胺，聚磷酸三聚氰胺，硼酸三聚氰胺，八钼酸三聚氰胺，三聚氰酸，三羟乙基异氰尿酸酯，2，4-二氨基-6-(3，3，3-三氯丙基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2，4-二(N-羟甲基氨基)-6-(3，3，3-三氯丙基-1，3，5-三嗪)，磷酸氢二胍，磷酸二氢胍，碳酸胍，氨基磺酸胍，脲，磷酸二氢脲，双氰胺，双(2，6，7-三氧杂-1-磷杂-双环[2.2.2]辛烷-1-氧-4-甲基)羟基磷酸酯三聚氰胺，3，9-二羟基-3，9-二氧-2，4，8，10-四氧杂-3，9-二磷杂螺环[5.5]十一烷-3，9-二三聚氰胺，1，2-二(2-氧-5，5-二甲基-1，3-二氧杂-2-磷杂环己基-2-氨基)乙烷，N，N′-双(2-氧-5，5-二甲基-1，3-二氧杂-2-磷杂换己基)-2，2′-间苯二胺，三(2-氧-5，5-二甲基-1，3-二氧杂-2-杂环己基-2-甲基)胺或六氯环三磷腈。
24.根据权利要求18所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述无机阻燃剂为红磷，聚磷酸铵，磷酸氢二铵，磷酸二氢铵，磷酸锌，磷酸铝，磷酸硼，三氧化二锑，氢氧化铝，氢氧化镁，水菱镁石，碱性草酸铝，硼酸锌，偏硼酸钡，氧化锌，硫化锌，七水硫酸锌，硼酸铝晶须，八钼酸铵，七钼酸铵，锡酸锌，一氧化锡，二氧化锡，二茂铁，丙酮铁，三氧化二铁，四氧化三铁，溴化铵，钨酸钠，六氟钛酸钾，六氟锆酸价，钛白粉，碳酸钙或硫酸钡。
25.根据权利要求1至3任一所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述灭火组合物还包括添加剂，所述的添加剂含量为0.5～10质量％。
26.根据权利要求17所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述灭火组合物还包括添加剂，所述添加剂含量为0.5～10质量％。
27.根据权利要求25所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述添加剂为硬脂酸盐、石墨、水溶性高聚物的复配溶液或其混合物。
28.根据权利要求26所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述组合物的各组分及其含量为：
二茂铁、二茂铁衍生物或其组合 30质量％～80质量％
阻燃剂 20质量％～60质量％
添加剂 5质量％～8质量％。
29.根据权利要求28所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述组合物的各组分及其含量为：
二茂铁、二茂铁衍生物或其组合 40质量％～70质量％
阻燃剂 30质量％～50质量％
添加剂 5质量％～8质量％。
30.根据权利要求1所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述二茂铁类灭火组合物经表面包覆处理。
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| CA2812181A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
| CN102179027A (zh) | 2011-09-14 |
| BR112013006255B1 (pt) | 2021-01-19 |
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| US20130221264A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
| KR101694578B1 (ko) | 2017-01-09 |
| RU2587177C2 (ru) | 2016-06-20 |
| EP2617472B1 (en) | 2020-06-24 |
| JP2013542753A (ja) | 2013-11-28 |
| EP2617472A1 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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