CN102949797B - 一种新型灭火组合物 - Google Patents
一种新型灭火组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102949797B CN102949797B CN201110235061.2A CN201110235061A CN102949797B CN 102949797 B CN102949797 B CN 102949797B CN 201110235061 A CN201110235061 A CN 201110235061A CN 102949797 B CN102949797 B CN 102949797B
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 phosphorus series compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N S-phenyl benzenesulfonothioate Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- CHLNHIVUNRZION-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dibromophenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1Br CHLNHIVUNRZION-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LPKCJFLRJWWIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (diaminomethylideneamino)phosphonic acid Chemical compound NC(N)=NP(O)(O)=O LPKCJFLRJWWIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OOSZCNKVJAVHJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]piperazine Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1CN1CCNCC1 OOSZCNKVJAVHJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VZPHSJLSYGMBGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(=O)(O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)P(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O Chemical compound C(=O)(O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)P(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O VZPHSJLSYGMBGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PIZOTVJLMRCOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oc1ccc(cc1)P(=O)c1ccccc1 Chemical compound Oc1ccc(cc1)P(=O)c1ccccc1 PIZOTVJLMRCOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CRGCUIOKOXPYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl] dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr CRGCUIOKOXPYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DZHMRSPXDUUJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N [amino(hydroxy)methylidene]azanium;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound NC(N)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DZHMRSPXDUUJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GJYJYFHBOBUTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-camphorene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(=C)C1CCC(CCC=C(C)C)=CC1 GJYJYFHBOBUTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- NDGSBJSAXJUQTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;phosphorous acid Chemical compound N.OP(O)O NDGSBJSAXJUQTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YZYDPPZYDIRSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-K boron phosphate Chemical compound [B+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O YZYDPPZYDIRSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000149 boron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- MHJAJDCZWVHCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimagnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O MHJAJDCZWVHCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydron;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- QQFLQYOOQVLGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O QQFLQYOOQVLGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000401 monomagnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019785 monomagnesium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GBCAVSYHPPARHX-UHFFFAOYSA-M n'-cyclohexyl-n-[2-(4-methylmorpholin-4-ium-4-yl)ethyl]methanediimine;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1.C1CCCCC1N=C=NCC[N+]1(C)CCOCC1 GBCAVSYHPPARHX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 3
- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099402 potassium metaphosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940074545 sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium trimetaphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- UIPNVCZMXRSSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium;oxido(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]B=O.[O-]B=O UIPNVCZMXRSSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MFXMOUUKFMDYLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O MFXMOUUKFMDYLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- LKCUKVWRIAZXDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydron;phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O LKCUKVWRIAZXDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- NPRYCHLHHVWLQZ-TURQNECASA-N 2-amino-9-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4-fluoro-3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-7-prop-2-ynylpurin-8-one Chemical compound NC1=NC=C2N(C(N(C2=N1)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1O)F)CO)=O)CC#C NPRYCHLHHVWLQZ-TURQNECASA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 1-[(3s,4s)-4-[8-(2-chloro-4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)-7-fluoro-2-methylimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-3-fluoropiperidin-1-yl]-2-hydroxyethanone Chemical compound CC1=NC2=CN=C3C=C(F)C(C=4C(=CC(OC=5N=CC=CN=5)=CC=4)Cl)=CC3=C2N1[C@H]1CCN(C(=O)CO)C[C@@H]1F WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/06—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种新型灭火组合物，所述的灭火组合物包括：二茂铁30质量％～70质量％，磷系化合物30质量％～70质量％；所述的灭火组合物在使用时，以烟火类药剂为热力源和动力源，先点燃烟火类药剂，利用烟火类药剂燃烧的高温使灭火组合物受热分解挥发或反应，产生出大量的灭火物质，随烟火类药剂一起喷出而达到灭火目的。本发明提供了一种无需压力贮存，更安全、更环保高效的气溶胶灭火组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属消防技术领域，主要涉及一种新型的气溶胶灭火组合物。
背景技术
自从1987年加拿大蒙特利尔公约对各国提出取代哈龙灭火剂的具体目标以来，各国都在致力于新的灭火技术的研究，既要灭火效率高，又要对环境无污染的灭火技术是人们努力的方向。
气体灭火系统，干粉灭火系统及水系灭火系统等由于对环境无害被作为哈龙灭火器的替代品而得到了广泛应用。二氧化碳，IG541等惰性气体灭火系统的灭火机理主要为物理灭火，通过降低着火区的氧气浓度二窒息灭火，这种灭火方式容易对人员的人身安全造成威胁，干粉灭火系统是通过在加压气体作用下喷出的粉末与火焰接触，发生物理化学抑制作用而灭火，水雾灭火系统是通过细水雾的冷却，窒息和隔绝热辐射的三重作用下达到控制火灾，抑制火灾和扑灭火灾的目的。
然而，这些灭火系统都需要高压贮存，不仅体积较大，在贮存过程中还存在物理爆炸的危险，文献“气体灭火系统的安全性分析”分析了气体灭火系统所存在的危险，并列举了贮压气体灭火系统在使用中所引发的安全事故。
现有的气溶胶灭火剂主要有S型和K型灭火剂，通过综合分析其性能特点，其不足之处主要为：气溶胶灭火剂均是利用灭火剂发生氧化还原反应释放出大量气体、活性粒子的断链反应，大量气体的覆盖窒息，实现化学与物理相结合的灭火目的。氧化还原反应一般均为放热反应，在释放出气溶胶的同时，释放出大量的热，为有效降低装置和气溶胶的温度，避免发生二次火灾，需增加冷却系统，导致装置结构复杂笨重，工艺流程复杂，成本高，同时由于冷却系统的存在，使大量活性离子失去活性或沉积，导致灭火性能大大降低。且灭火物质释放粒子浓度小密度低，不易穿透火羽流直接到达火源根部，达到迅速有效抑制火源的目的。
发明内容：
针对现有灭火剂的现状，特别是气溶胶灭火剂的固有缺陷，本发明提供了一种无需压力贮存，更安全、更环保高效的气溶胶类灭火组合物。
本发明涉及一种新型灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述灭火组合物包括二茂铁和磷系化合物，其质量百分比分别为：
二茂铁30质量％～70质量％，优选35质量％～65质量％；
磷系化合物30质量％～70质量％，优选32质量％～45质量％；
所述灭火组合物是以烟火类药剂为热力源和动力源，先点燃烟火类药剂，利用烟火类药剂燃烧的高温使灭火组合物受热分解或反应，产生出大量的灭火物质，随烟火类药剂一起喷出而达到灭火目的。
上述的灭火组合物还包含性能添加剂，其质量百分含量为大于0％至小于等于30％，优选3％～20％；其可以选自三聚氰胺、氯化铵、缩醛胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素钠、酚醛树脂中的一种或几种。
上述的磷系化合物可以为：磷酸锌、磷酸铵、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸铵、磷酸二氢铵、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸氢二胍、磷酸二氢胍、磷酸二氢脲、红磷、聚磷酸铵、磷酸铝、磷酸硼、磷酸二氢钙、磷酸二氢钠、二水磷酸二氢钠、磷酸二氢铝、磷酸二氢锌、磷酸二氢锰、磷酸二氢镁、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢钙、磷酸氢镁、磷酸铵镁、偏磷酸钾、三偏磷酸钠、次磷酸铵、亚磷酸二氢铵、磷酸锰、磷酸氢二锌、磷酸氢二锰、磷酸胍、磷酸蜜胺盐、磷酸脲、磷酸氢二偏硼酸锶、三聚磷酸钾、聚磷酸铵、六氯环三磷腈、正磷酸三聚氰胺、正磷酸二三聚氰胺、聚磷酸三聚氰胺、三(2，2-二(溴甲基)-3-溴丙基)磷酸酯、2，2-二(氯甲基)-1，3-丙二醇-二(新戊二醇)双磷酸酯、三(二溴苯基)磷酸酯、对亚苯基四(2，4，6-三溴苯基)双磷酸酯、环状磷酸酯、磷酸苯基二苯砜酯齐聚物、双(4-羧苯基)苯基氧化磷和双(4-羟苯基)苯基氧化磷中的一种或多种。
本发明的灭火组合物可以采用制丸、模压、挤压等工艺成型为球状、片状、条状、块装或蜂窝状，并且可经过表面包覆处理。进行表面包覆处理时优选加入羟甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素。该表面包覆剂可以改善组合物体系的表面光洁度，并提高其强度、耐磨性和抗震性，防止运输过程中灭火组合物发生粉化，掉渣并溢出灭火装置现象的出现。
本发明的新型灭火组合物的火焰抑制机理如下：使用时，以烟火类药剂为热力源和动力源，通过点燃烟火类药剂燃烧放出的热量，灭火组合物在高温下脱水降温，进一步分解释放出灭火物质，该灭火物质可通过自由基与链式燃烧反应所必需的O·，OH·，H·自由基中的一种或几种进行反应，从而切断了链式燃烧反应，也可通过物理作用减少氧气分压而抑制火焰，或同时发生物理及化学抑制作用功能实现灭火，与此同时，与烟火药剂产生协同增效作用，进一步提高了灭火剂的灭火效能，大大缩短了有效灭火时间。与传统的灭火组合物相比，本发明可提供一种更高效、更安全的灭火组合物。
本发明的新型灭火组合物可以同时达到以下效果：一、在高温受热情况下，即可受热发生吸热分解，有效快速降低气溶胶灭火剂喷放物质的温度，二、瞬间释放出大量有效灭火物质，且灭火物质以固态微粒为主，还有少许液态粒子，通过多种微粒的协同作用，大大缩短了灭火时间；三、分解物质以固态微粒为主，相对密度较大，更易于穿透火羽流，有效控制火源；四、固体微粒沉降于燃烧物质表面易于形成保护膜，有效阻断了链式燃烧反应，进一步提高了灭火剂的灭火效能；五、灭火组合物原料丰富，易于加工成型，且可单独使用或者与物理冷却剂配套使用；六、性能稳定、易于长期储存，七、低毒性或无毒性，对环境友好性能优良。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例更具体的说明本发明的灭火组合物。
本发明涉及一种新型灭火组合物，其主要包括二茂铁、磷系化合物和性能添加剂，其质量百分比分别为：
二茂铁30质量％～70质量％，优选35质量％～65质量％；
磷系化合物30质量％～70质量％，优选32质量％～45质量％；
性能添加剂大于0％至小于等于30％，优选3质量％～20质量％；
所述灭火组合物是以烟火类药剂为热力源和动力源，先点燃烟火类药剂，利用烟火类药剂燃烧的高温使灭火组合物受热分解或反应，产生出大量的灭火物质，随烟火类药剂一起喷出而达到灭火目的。
上述的性能添加剂可以选自三聚氰胺、氯化铵、缩醛胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素钠、酚醛树脂中的一种或几种。其中性能添加剂中含有粘合剂，粘合剂在灭火组合物中的应用属于本领域的常规技术手段，本领域技术人员都能够清楚其具体的性能、用途以及含量，通常其质量百分含量都控制在15％以下。
上述的磷系化合物可以为：磷酸锌、磷酸铵、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸铵、磷酸二氢铵、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸氢二胍、磷酸二氢胍、磷酸二氢脲、红磷、聚磷酸铵、磷酸铝、磷酸硼、磷酸二氢钙、磷酸二氢钠、二水磷酸二氢钠、磷酸二氢铝、磷酸二氢锌、磷酸二氢锰、磷酸二氢镁、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢钙、磷酸氢镁、磷酸铵镁、偏磷酸钾、三偏磷酸钠、次磷酸铵、亚磷酸二氢铵、磷酸锰、磷酸氢二锌、磷酸氢二锰、磷酸胍、磷酸蜜胺盐、磷酸脲、磷酸氢二偏硼酸锶、三聚磷酸钾、聚磷酸铵、六氯环三磷腈、正磷酸三聚氰胺、正磷酸二三聚氰胺、聚磷酸三聚氰胺、三(2，2-二(溴甲基)-3-溴丙基)磷酸酯、2，2-二(氯甲基)-1，3-丙二醇-二(新戊二醇)双磷酸酯、三(二溴苯基)磷酸酯、对亚苯基四(2，4，6-三溴苯基)双磷酸酯、环状磷酸酯、磷酸苯基二苯砜酯齐聚物、双(4-羧苯基)苯基氧化磷和双(4-羟苯基)苯基氧化磷中的一种或多种。
本发明的灭火组合物可以采用制丸、模压、挤压等工艺成型为球状、片状、条状、块装或蜂窝状，并且可经过表面包覆处理。进行表面包覆处理时优选加入羟甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素。该表面包覆剂可以改善组合物体系的表面光洁度，并提高其强度、耐磨性和抗震性，防止运输过程中灭火组合物发生粉化，掉渣并溢出灭火装置现象的出现。
上述的灭火组合物选取其中4个配比进行试验，并与市场销售的灭火剂进行比对，依据BS6165：2002《Specification for small disposable fire extinguishers of theaerosol type》，具体如下：
实施例1
将制得的片状二茂铁、磷酸二氢铵、聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺和氯化铵组合物样品50g加入装有50gK型热气溶胶发生剂的手持式灭火器中，实施面积为0.1m2油盘的汽油灭火试验；试验测试结果见表1。
实施例2
将制得的片状二茂铁、聚磷酸铵和三聚氰胺组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例3
将制得的片状二茂铁、聚磷酸铵、磷酸二氢钾和氯化铵组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
实施例4
将制得的片状二茂铁、磷酸二氢钾、聚磷酸铵和三聚氰胺组合物依照实施例1进行测试，测试结果见表1。
表1各种组分成分比较和试验结果对比
从上述实验结果可以得出：实施例1-4可以两发或者三发全灭，而对比例中却均未灭掉，而且，实施例的喷射时间均在12s左右，比对比例1缩短了28s左右，相比对比例2也缩短了；因此，本发明的灭火组合物其灭火效能明显优于现有技术中的灭火药剂而且大大缩短了灭火时间，同时，本发明的灭火组合物受热后进行吸热反应，其能够吸收部分热量，降低喷口温度。
上述具体实施例仅仅是示例性的，在本发明的上述教导下，本领域技术人员可以在上述实施例的基础上进行各种改进和变形，而这些改进或者变形落在本发明的保护范围内。本领域技术人员应该明白，上面的具体描述只是为了解释本发明的目的，并非用于限制发明。
Claims (2)
1.一种灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述的灭火组合物包括二茂铁和磷系化合物；其质量百分比为：
二茂铁 35质量％～65质量％
磷系化合物 32质量％～45质量％
性能添加剂 3质量％～20质量％
所述灭火组合物是以烟火类药剂为热力源和动力源，先点燃烟火类药剂，利用烟火类药剂燃烧的高温使灭火组合物受热分解或反应，产生出大量的灭火物质，随烟火类药剂一起喷出而达到灭火目的；
所述的磷系化合物为：磷酸锌、磷酸铵、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸二氢铵、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸氢二胍、磷酸二氢胍、磷酸二氢脲、红磷、磷酸铝、磷酸硼、磷酸二氢钙、磷酸二氢钠、二水磷酸二氢钠、磷酸二氢铝、磷酸二氢锌、磷酸二氢锰、磷酸二氢镁、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢钙、磷酸氢镁、磷酸铵镁、偏磷酸钾、三偏磷酸钠、次磷酸铵、亚磷酸二氢铵、磷酸锰、磷酸氢二锌、磷酸氢二锰、磷酸胍、磷酸蜜胺盐、磷酸脲、磷酸氢二偏硼酸锶、三聚磷酸钾、聚磷酸铵、六氯环三磷腈、正磷酸三聚氰胺、正磷酸二三聚氰胺、聚磷酸三聚氰胺、三(2,2-二(溴甲基)-3-溴丙基)磷酸酯、2,2-二(氯甲基)-1,3-丙二醇-二(新戊二醇)双磷酸酯、三(二溴苯基)磷酸酯、对亚苯基四(2,4,6-三溴苯基)双磷酸酯、环状磷酸酯、磷酸苯基二苯砜酯齐聚物、双(4-羧苯基)苯基氧化磷和双(4-羟苯基)苯基氧化磷中的一种或多种；
所述的性能添加剂为三聚氰胺、氯化铵、缩醛胶、羟甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素钠、酚醛树脂中的一种或其组合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的灭火组合物，其特征在于：所述的灭火组合物采用羟甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素作为包覆剂。
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