CN1021456C - 稳定的共聚物组合物 - Google Patents

稳定的共聚物组合物 Download PDF

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CN1021456C
CN1021456C CN88102180A CN88102180A CN1021456C CN 1021456 C CN1021456 C CN 1021456C CN 88102180 A CN88102180 A CN 88102180A CN 88102180 A CN88102180 A CN 88102180A CN 1021456 C CN1021456 C CN 1021456C
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艾贝尔·克莱
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Abstract

一种包括由乙烯和一氧化碳共聚物以及0.03~5.0%(重)的稳定化合物的组合物,该稳定化合物选自二芳基胺、羟基二苯甲酮以及带有位阻酚取代基的苯并三唑或苯并三嗪。

Description

本发明涉及包括特定添加剂及一种由一氧化碳和一种烯属不饱和化合物(例如乙烯)生成的共聚物的组合物。该共聚物的特征在于其中含有重复结构-(A-CO)n,其中A从烯属不饱和化合物衍生而来。名词“共聚物”也包括其中的某些A是由另外一种烯属不饱和化合物衍生而来的三元共聚物。例如乙烯、一氧化碳和丙烯(或丁烯)的共聚物就是适宜的三元共聚物。
该交替共聚物及他们的制备方法是已知的,如US-A3694412,EP-A121965和EP-A181014所述,虽然该共聚物具有良好的物理和机械性能,例如良好的屈服应力、拉伸强度、冲击强度和弯曲模量,但是这些共聚物的抗光化降解的稳定性还有待于改进。
本申请人发现,很多在聚酰胺、聚烯烃、聚丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯和其他很多热塑性塑料及工程热塑性塑料中起到有效作用的防紫外线剂商品在交替烯烃/CO共聚物中却不能达到令人满意的效果。令人吃惊的是有一些定义很窄的添加剂能使防紫外线的效果获得令人满意的改进。
本发明提供了一种共聚物组合物,它包括一种由一氧化碳、烯属不饱和化合物(最好是乙烯)和(根据需要任选的)另外一种烯属不饱和化合物生成的交替共聚物及0.03~5.0%(重)的选自下列化合物的添加剂:
a)式(Ⅰ)的化合物
Figure 881021806_IMG2
式中,R1是氢或羟基、R2是羟基(在R1为氢时)或氢(R1为羟基时),R3是羟基、C1-12烷基或C1-12烷氧基,
b)式(Ⅱ)的化合物
Figure 881021806_IMG3
式中,R4和R5各自独立地代表氢或囟原子,R6为C1-16烷基,R7为氢、羟基、C1-8烷基、C7-17烷芳基、C7-17芳基或C7-17芳烷基,
c)式(Ⅲ)的化合物
式中,R8和R9各自独立地代表氢、C1-12烷基、苯基或其亚甲基上可能带有一个或两个选自C1-8烷基的取代基的苄基,
d)式(Ⅳ)的化合物
Figure 881021806_IMG5
式中,R10和R11各自独立地代表C1-14烷基和C1-14烷硫基,R12为氢或羟基,R13为羟基(当R12为氢时)或氢(当R12为羟基时),R14和R15为氢或C1-16烷基,但是,当R12为羟基时,至少R14应为烷基,当R13为羟基时,至少R14或R15应为烷基。
合适的化合物a)有如2′,4-二羟基二苯甲酮,2-羟基二苯甲酮,2′,4,6-三羟基二苯甲酮,2-羟基-4-甲基二苯甲酮,2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮,2,2′-二羟基-4,n-己氧基二苯甲酮,2-羟基-4,n-辛氧基二苯甲酮和2,2′-二羟基-4,n-十一烷氧基二苯甲酮。
推荐的二苯甲酮类化合物为其中的R1为氢及R2为羟基的该类化合物,另一类推荐的二苯甲酮化合物是其中的R2为羟基及R3是含6~10个碳原子的n-烷氧基的该类化合物,最好的二苯甲酮是2-羟基-4,n-辛氧基二苯甲酮。
合适的化合物b)有如
2-(2′-羟基-4′-苯基苯基)苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-4′n-己基苯基)苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基苯基)苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-3′-叔丁基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-3′-叔丁基-4′-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-3′-异丙基-5′-n-丁基苯基)-5,7-二氯苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基苯基)-7-氯苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-3′-叔丁基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-3′-乙基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑,
2-(2′,4′-二羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基苯基)-5,7-二氯苯并三唑,
2-(2′-羟基-3′-异戊基-1,5′-苄基苯基)-5,7-二溴苯并三唑。
推荐的化合物b)为其中R4是氯的该类化合物,另一类推荐的b)化合物是其中R6为引起位阻的烷基的该类化合物,最好的b)化合物是2-(2′-羟基-3′-叔丁基-5′-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑。
合适的化合物c)是二苯基胺,二(4-甲基-苯基)胺,二(6-己基苯基)胺,二(4-苄基苯基)胺,二(4-α,α-二正丙基苄基苯基)胺,二(4-α-乙基苄基苯基)胺,二(4-苄基苯基)胺,二(4-丙基苄基苯基)胺,二(4′-环己基苄基苯基)胺,以及二(4-壬基苯基)胺。
推荐的化合物c)为其中R8和/或R9是α,α-二烷基苄基的该类化合物,另一类推荐的化合物c)是其中R8或R9为含6~10个碳原子的n-烷基的该类化合物。最好的化合物c)是二(4-α,α-二甲基苄基苯基)胺
合适的化合物d)有如
6-(2′-羟基-3′-丙基苯胺基)-2,4-二甲基-1,3,5-三嗪,
6-(4′-羟基-5′-叔丁基苯胺基)-2,4-二己硫基-1,3,5-三嗪,
6-(2′,4′-二羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基苯胺基)-2-己基-4-乙硫基-1,3,5-三嗪,
6-(2′-羟基-3′-叔丁基-5′-甲基苯胺基)-2,4-二环己基-1,3,5-三嗪,
6-(4′-羟基-3′,5′-二异丙基苯胺基)-2-环己基-4-环己硫基-1,3,5-三嗪,
6-(4′-羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基苯胺基)-2,4-二庚硫基-1,3,5-三嗪。
推荐的化合物d)是其中R14(R15也可)为可引起位阻的烷基。在苯胺取代基中,推荐的羟基的位置是R13的位置,同时在此情况下R宜为氢。推荐的取代基R10和R11含6~10个碳原子的n-烷硫基。最好的化合物d)是6-(4′-羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基苯胺基)-2,4-二辛硫基-1,3,5-三嗪。
本发明对于使聚合物链中C2H4单元和C3H6单元的比例至少为3∶1且至多15∶1的乙烯、丙烯和一氧化碳的交替三元共聚物稳定来说特别重要。推荐的乙烯/丙烯/一氧化碳三元共聚物是晶体熔点在215~240℃之间的该类聚合物。另一类推荐的共聚物是乙烯和一氧化碳的共聚物。
本发明所采用的共聚物的重均分子量应至少为2000,最好为至少6000。
本发明的改进的组合物可以通过诸如熔化抽丝、挤出、共挤出、吹塑、压塑、注塑及固相压力 成型等通常加工技术加工成各种产品,如纤维、薄片,薄膜,层压板,容器,管子,管道和具有复杂形状的产品。本发明对于提高本发明共聚物和三元共聚物的长使用期光稳定性来说是特别重要的。本发明的稳定的共聚物组合物还可以包括其他添加剂,例如碳黑、矿物填料、染料、着色剂和增塑剂。同样,该共聚物组合物可与其他热塑性塑料混合在一起。
实施例
测定下述化合物的稳定功能
a)2-羟基-4-n-辛氧基二苯甲酮,
b)2-(2′-羟基-3′-叔丁基-5′-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑,
c)4,4′-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺,
d)6-(4′-羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基苯胺基)-2,4-双(n-辛硫基)-1,3,5-三嗪,
e)((3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基)甲基)丁基-双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)酯
f)聚((2,2,6,6-四甲基-1,4-亚哌啶基)氧基-(1,4-二氧代-1,4-亚丁烷)氧基-1,2-亚乙基)
g)癸二酸双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯
添加剂a)~d)是本发明的添加剂,e),f),g)是广泛应用的稳定剂商品,这是用来作对比。
在250℃下通过压塑由乙烯、丙烯和一氧化碳的三元共聚物来制备一个1mm厚的试样,该三元共聚物具有交替结构,结晶熔点为218℃,特性粘度为1.6dl/g。所有的稳定剂的使用浓度都为1.0%(重)。在测试前,将试样在23℃,50%相对湿度下平衡72小时。
将试样放在老化试验机中使其暴露在下列条件下:氙灯,水冷硅硼玻璃进样器,光强0.6w.m-2(340×10-9m),黑色板温度为55~60℃,空气温度为30℃,相对湿度50%,干燥周期为120分,潮湿周期为18分。在20毫米/分的伸长速速率下测定拉伸强度。
实验结果列于表中,用于热塑性塑料(特别是聚烯烃)的许多其他稳定剂商品的实验结果,最好也只是与对比添加剂e和f的结果相似,大部分的结果都比添加剂e和f差。
最大拉伸强度    断裂伸长率    E-模量
(MPa)    (%)    (GPa)
稳定剂    几天后    几天后    几天后
0    1    3    0    1    3    0    1    3
无    78    50    19    470    24    2    1.02    1.12    1.25
a)    76    53    50    452    304    253    0.98    0.92    1.01
b)    82    55    52    462    296    228    1.00    0.99    0.98
c)    83    55    49    459    303    98    0.95    1.03    1.04
d)    80    48    47    476    238    55    0.96    0.98    1.07
e)81 48 27 472 28 6 1.05 1.08 1.23
f)81 49 18 482 35 3 1.14 1.10 1.14
g)71 47 19 385 21 4 1.04 1.01 1.10
*    对比用

Claims (3)

1、共聚物组合物,其中包括一种由一氧化碳,一种烯属不饱和化合物和(根据需要任选的)另一种烯属不饱和化合物生成的交替共聚物,以及0.03-5.0%(重量)的一种添加剂,该添加剂为下式代表的一个化合物:
Figure 881021806_IMG1
式中R8和R9分别代表氢原子,含1-12碳原子的烷基,苯基或其亚甲基上可能带有一个或两个选自G1-8烷基的苄基。
2、权利要求1的组合物,其中R8和/或R9为α,α-二烷基苄基。
3、权利要求1的组合物,其中R8或R9是含6-10个碳原子的正烷基。
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ZA882764B (en) 1988-10-21
DE3850516T2 (de) 1994-10-27
DK214888D0 (da) 1988-04-20
BR8801875A (pt) 1988-11-22
NO881694D0 (no) 1988-04-20
KR880012695A (ko) 1988-11-28
KR960005625B1 (ko) 1996-04-30
NO172056B (no) 1993-02-22
AU599479B2 (en) 1990-07-19
DE3850516D1 (de) 1994-08-11
GB8709488D0 (en) 1987-05-28
ATE108194T1 (de) 1994-07-15
ES2056097T3 (es) 1994-10-01
NO881694L (no) 1988-10-24
AU1478388A (en) 1988-10-27
CN88102180A (zh) 1988-12-28
JP2594612B2 (ja) 1997-03-26
US5019614A (en) 1991-05-28
NO172056C (no) 1993-06-02
EP0288124A2 (en) 1988-10-26
JPS63314273A (ja) 1988-12-22
EP0288124A3 (en) 1990-02-14
DK214888A (da) 1988-10-23
EP0288124B1 (en) 1994-07-06
CA1319219C (en) 1993-06-15

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