CN102124169A - 隔热透湿防水片材 - Google Patents

隔热透湿防水片材 Download PDF

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CN102124169A
CN102124169A CN2009801312652A CN200980131265A CN102124169A CN 102124169 A CN102124169 A CN 102124169A CN 2009801312652 A CN2009801312652 A CN 2009801312652A CN 200980131265 A CN200980131265 A CN 200980131265A CN 102124169 A CN102124169 A CN 102124169A
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moisture
layer
sheet layer
heat insulation
waterproof sheet
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CN102124169B (zh
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中江一浩
浅子孝裕
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Fukuvi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Chori Co Ltd
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Chori Co Ltd
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Abstract

提供隔热透湿防水片材，其确保透湿防水性以及通气性的同时，不会使红外线反射率减少，巧妙地仅使可见光线的反射降低，抑制作业者因眩目引起的畏光感，由此，能改善铺设作业性、安全性。该隔热透湿防水片材具有透湿防水片材层1；另一方面，在热塑性树脂制造的片材基材21的表面，设置以规定厚度蒸镀光泽金属材料而成的金属蒸镀层22，并且，在该金属蒸镀层22的表面一体层合表面保护层23，从而形成隔热片材层2，该表面保护层23为在无色透明热塑性树脂基体23a中混合遮光粒子23b并将其大体上均匀分布而成，同时，在该隔热片材层2中以规定间隔开设多个贯通孔24，将上述透湿防水片材层1和隔热片材层2层合一体化。

Description

隔热透湿防水片材
技术领域
本发明涉及隔热透湿防水片材，其确保了建筑用材料的改善、具体为透湿防水性以及通气性，同时还不会使红外线反射率减少，巧妙地仅使可见光线反射降低，抑制作业者因眩目引起的畏光感，由此，能提高铺设作业性、安全性。
背景技术
众所周知，在住宅等建筑物中，通过对壁面铺设具有隔热性、透湿性以及防水性的片材，能够隔断来自外部的物理影响，从而保持室内舒适。
对于以往的建材片材，为了赋予这些功能，公开了在无纺布表面，具有层合了将通孔设置在铝蒸镀膜的片材的构造(例如，参考专利文献1)，能够赋予透湿防水性，并且，通过铝蒸镀膜能够将红外线(远红外线)(波长2～14μm)以及可见光线(波长350nm～750nm)反射，能使来自板壁等建筑物外壁材料的辐射热不向壁面以及室内传播。
然而，对于所述的片材构造，虽然认识到铝蒸镀层产生的隔热效果，但设置的通孔的孔径(0.001～0.1mm)以及孔数(25万～50万个/m2)具有总面积过小、不能得到合适的透湿防水效果的问题。
另外，所述的片材由于铝蒸镀层中可见光线的反射率大，因此在铺设施工时，由于将可见光线的大部分(90％以上)反射，因而非常眩目，由于作业者因眩目而引起的畏光感，手下失常，有时不能很好地贴附，或者，有时危害到作业者的安全性，具有导致作业性降低的担心。
另一方面，为了将该可见光线的反射降低，也可在反射层的表面配置颜料等遮光物质，但该遮光物质自身吸收热，使红外线反射降低，因此，希望解决该矛盾的课题。
另外，公开了在布帛或一般的透湿防水片材等基布直接蒸镀铝，使隔热性能和透湿防水性能兼具的方案(例如，参考专利文献2)。
但是，在基布直接蒸镀铝，因此将布帛的孔堵塞而损害透湿性，此外，在不均匀的无纺布表面蒸镀的铝蒸镀层表面凹凸，并不平滑，因此，具有红外线漫反射、不能得到足够的隔热性能的问题。
专利文献1：特许第3621452号公报(第2～3页，图1)
专利文献2：特开2008-69539号公报(第3～6页，图1～2)
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
鉴于以往的建材用片材中具有如上述的问题而完成本发明，作为其目的，提供隔热透湿防水片材，其确保透湿防水性以及通气性，同时，还不会使红外线反射率减少，巧妙地仅使可见光线反射降低，抑制作业者的因眩目而引起的畏光感，由此提高铺设作业性、安全性。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明人参考附图，对于为解决上述课题而采用的手段而进行以下说明。
即，本发明通过以下技术手段而完成隔热透湿防水片材：具有透湿防水片材层1；另一方面，在热塑性树脂制基材21的表面，设置以规定厚度蒸镀光泽金属材料而成的金属蒸镀层22，并且，在该金属蒸镀层22的表面一体层合表面保护层23，从而形成隔热片材层2；该表面保护层23为在无色透明热塑性树脂基体23a中混合遮光粒子23b并将其大体上均匀分布而成，同时，在该隔热片材层2中以规定间隔开设多个贯通孔24，将所述透湿防水片材层1和隔热片材层2层合一体化，该隔热片材层2的金属蒸镀层22能反射红外线，同时，通过所述遮光粒子23b以及贯通孔24，使该金属蒸镀层22中可见光线的反射降低。
另外，为解决上述课题，根据需要，除了上述手段，本发明还可采用技术手段：隔热片材层2的金属蒸镀层22的光泽金属材料为铝。
进一步地，另外为解决上述课题，根据需要，除了上述手段，本发明还可采用技术手段：隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的遮光粒子23b的平均粒径为5～300nm。
进一步地，另外为解决上述课题，根据需要，除了上述手段，本发明还可采用技术手段：隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的遮光粒子23b为二氧化钛。
进一步地，另外为解决上述课题，根据需要，除了上述手段，本发明还可采用技术手段：隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的遮光粒子23b二氧化钛的含量相对于100重量份的热塑性树脂基体23a为0.1～1.5重量份(优选0.2～1.0重量份)。
进一步地，另外为解决上述课题，根据需要，除了上述手段，本发明还可采用技术手段：隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的厚度为10～15μm。
进一步地，另外为解决上述课题，根据需要，除了上述手段，本发明还可采用技术手段：隔热片材层2的贯通孔24的孔径为0.3～0.7mm，并且，其以50万～100万个/m2分布在片材表面中。
进一步地，另外为解决上述课题，根据需要，除了上述手段，本发明还可采用技术手段：在无纺布11的表面贴合一体化多孔性透湿防水膜12以构成透湿防水片材层1。
发明效果
本发明中，具有透湿防水片材层；另一方面，在热塑性树脂制基材的表面，设置以规定厚度蒸镀光泽金属材料而成的金属蒸镀层，并且，在该金属蒸镀层的表面一体层合表面保护层，从而形成隔热片材层；该表面保护层为在无色透明的热塑性树脂基体中混合遮光粒子并将其大体上均匀分布而成，同时，在该隔热片材层中以规定间隔开设多个贯通孔，将所述透湿防水片材层和隔热片材层层合一体化，该隔热片材层的金属蒸镀层能反射红外线，同时，通过所述遮光粒子以及贯通孔，能使该金属蒸镀层中可见光线的反射降低。
因此，本发明的隔热透湿防水片材在确保透湿防水性以及通气性的同时，还不会使红外线反射率减少，巧妙地仅使可见光线反射降低，抑制作业者因眩目引起的畏光感，由此，能提高铺设作业性、安全性，因此可称得上工业上的利用价值很高。
具体实施方式
根据具体图示的附图，对于本发明的实施方式进一步加以详细说明如下。
根据由图1到图4来说明本发明的实施方式。图1中，附图标记1表示透湿防水片材层，该透湿防水片材层1只要具有透湿防水性能，并不特别限于构成，本实施方式为在无纺布11的表面将多孔性透湿防水膜12贴合一体化而构成。
使用无纺布11的情形中，优选纺粘(spun bond)无纺布、针刺(needle punch)无纺布，其中，更优选聚酯或聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯构成的纺粘无纺布或针刺无纺布。另外，无纺布11的单位面积重量(目付)优选设定在20～100g/m2(本实施方式为50g/m2)。通过设定在这样的范围，能充分防止施工时外侧多孔性聚烯烃膜层露出而受到损伤这样的情况，作为透湿防水片材，轻量性、保温性、隔音性、缓冲性优异。
而且，用于本实施方式的透湿防水膜12为聚乙烯(PE)制造的多孔性通气膜，通孔尺寸为约17μm。
另外，附图标记2表示的为隔热片材层，该隔热片材层2首先在片状的热塑性树脂制基材21的表面设置以规定厚度蒸镀了光泽金属材料的金属蒸镀层22。本实施方式的热塑性树脂制基材21以拉伸聚丙烯(OPP：Oriented-Poly-Propylene)为使用材料，形成20μm的厚度；另一方面，金属蒸镀层22的光泽金属材料采用反射性良好并且蒸镀容易的铝，形成45nm的蒸镀厚度。
其次，在金属蒸镀层22的表面，将表面保护层23一体层合(层压)，该表面保护层23为在无色透明的热塑性树脂基体23a中将遮光粒子23b混合并大体上均匀分布而成。本实施方式，作为热塑性树脂基体23a的使用材料，采用LLDPE(Linear-Low-Density-Polyethylene：线形低密度聚乙烯)。
另外，采用二氧化钛(TiO2)作为遮光粒子23b，并且，相对于100重量份的热塑性树脂基体23a，将该二氧化钛的含量设为0.1～1.5重量份(更优选为0.2～1.0重量份)，同时，将平均粒径设为5～300nm(本实施方式为210nm)，由此，可见光线适宜的反射降低的实现成为可能。而且，其如果为0.1重量份以下，可见光线反射率的降低变低，如果为1.5重量份以上，则红外线反射率变差。
进一步地，另外，本实施方式中，隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的厚度设为10～15μm(本实施方式为12μm)，由此，能将各光线的反射率适量调节。而且，如果厚度为10μm以下，则具有耐久性变低而损伤金属蒸镀层22的担心，相反地，如果为15μm以上，则红外线反射率变差，同时还花费成本。
另外，在这样的层合片材层中，以规定间隔开设多个贯通孔24。本实施方式中，这些贯通孔24的孔径设为0.3～0.7mm(更优选为0.4～0.6mm，本实施方式中为0.4mm)，并且在片材表面中以50万～100万个/m2(更优选为50～90万个/m2，本实施方式为60万个/m2)而分布。另外，贯通孔24产生的片材上的开口率设定为10～15％。
由此，能够确保良好的透湿防水性和通气性以及降低可见光线的反射。而且，如果孔径为0.3mm以下或孔数为50万个/m2以下，透湿性变差，相反地，如果孔径为0.7mm以上或者孔数为100万个/m2以上，红外线反射率变差。
并且，通过热熔系粘合剂(烯烃系、橡胶系、EVA系、丙烯酸系等)将所述透湿防水片材层1的透湿膜12侧和隔热片材层2的热塑性树脂制基材21侧层合一体化，由此，完成本发明的隔热透湿防水片材(参考图2)。
通过这样构成，隔热片材层2的金属蒸镀层22中能够红外线反射，同时，通过前述遮光粒子23b以及贯通孔24，能够降低金属蒸镀层22中的可见光线的反射。
<红外线反射试验>
其次，关于本发明产品的红外线反射性能，根据从图3到图5的图说明试验的结果。图中各试样(1)～(3)，分别示出如下：
(1)在热塑性树脂基体中混合有0.6重量份二氧化钛的试样(本发明产品)
(2)在热塑性树脂基体中混合有1.0重量份二氧化钛的试样(本发明产品)
(3)仅是不含二氧化钛的热塑性树脂基体在最外面的试样(以往产品)，将片材的任意地方切成约3cm角以用于测定。测定区域为试样中央部的φ10mm。
[分析方法]
本试验的分析使用傅立叶转换红外分光法(FT-IR：Fourier-Transform-Infrared-Spectroscopy)。
[测定方法]
本试样进行使用了红外分光用积分球的反射率测定。在试样中央部附近，沿着直行方向进行2次测定，2次的平均值作为测定值。测定条件具体为如下。
测定装置：IFS-66v/S(Bruker公司制造的FT-IR，真空光学系)
光源：Globar(SiC)
检测器：MCT(HgCdTe)
分光束器：Ge/KBr
测定条件
分解能＝4cm-1
积分次数＝512次
补零(ゼロフィリング)＝2倍
切趾＝三角形
测定区域＝5000～715cm-1(2～14μm)
测定温度＝室温(约25℃)
附属装置：透过率·反射率测定用积分球
<反射率测定>
参照试样：diffuse-gold(Labsphere公司制造)[漫反射成份]
Au蒸镀膜(进行了评价)[镜面反射成份]
入射角：10°
光斑直径：约φ10mm
重复精度：约±1％
集光镜(specula trap)使用(漫反射成份测定时)
<透过率测定>
入射角：0°
光斑直径：约φ10mm
重复精度：约±1％
[测定精度]
测定的结果即得到的红外反射率谱如由图3到图5中所示(波长范围：2～14μm)。
图3：各试样的反射率谱
图4：各试样的镜面反射成份的反射率谱
图5：各试样的漫反射成份的反射率谱
根据该结果可知，红外线的波长范围2～35μm中，具有高的反射性能。而且，作为一般的外壁材料而使用的陶瓷业系板壁发射的峰的波长范围为7～13μm。这是因为，根据表示放热体的温度上升和放热体发射的热辐射峰波长的关系的维恩位移定律时，最大峰波长在外壁为50～70℃时为8～9μm，而在峰部分具有宽度，因此短波长侧为7μm、长波长侧为13μm是合适的。
<可见光线反射试验>
其次，关于本发明产品的可见光线反射性能，根据图6的图来说明试验的结果。
[分析方法]
使用积分球，测定透过率谱、反射率谱。
测定装置UV-3101PC型自记录分光光度计(岛津制作所公司制造)
分离宽度    30nm{7.5(250-860)，30(-2500)}
SlitProgram Normal
测定速度    SLOW(约4点/秒)
光源        卤素灯(340nm以上)
重氢灯(340nm以下)
检测器      PMT(860nm以下)
PbS(860nm以上)
副白板      BaSO4
入射角      7°
标准白色版  Labs phere公司制造(美国：漫反射成份)
A1蒸镀镜    东レ公司的评价(镜面反射成份)
附属装置    大型试样室(60φ)：透过率谱
大型积分球(150φ)：反射率谱
数据处理装置(MBC17JH20/PC9801)
[结果和考察]
图6为表示各试样的镜面反射成份的反射率谱的图，图中各试样(1)～(3)分别为以下所示：
(1)在热塑性树脂基体中混合有0.6重量份二氧化钛的试样(本发明产品)
(2)在热塑性树脂基体中混合有1.0重量份二氧化钛的试样(本发明产品)
(3)仅是热塑性树脂基体在最外面的试样(以往产品)，可知，作为本实施例的产品(1)、(2)，可见光线范围350～750nm中的可见光线反射率降低。
<透湿性能试验>
根据JIS A 61112004透湿性试验方法(透湿阻抗)测定本发明产品的透湿性能。
<防水性能试验>
另外，根据JIS A 61112004防水性能试验方法(静水压法)测定本发明产品的防水性能。
将这些性能试验结果示于以下。
[表1]
Figure BDA0000046645170000091
由该[表1]确认了，关于本发明产品(实施例1～5)，远红外线的反射率为85％以上，仍然是高的数值，并未减少，并且，可见光线反射率为10％以下，有效地将其降低。
本发明大致上虽然如上述构成，但本发明决不限定于图示的实施方式，权利要求范围所记载内的各种变形均有可能，例如，使用于片材的热塑性树脂材料能采用低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)或线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚丙烯(PP)等。
另外，隔热层2的表面保护层23的遮光粒子23b也不限于二氧化钛，还可采用白色颜料等，这些任意的变化也属于本发明的技术范围。
附图说明
[图1]为表示本发明的实施方式的片材构造的说明剖面图。
[图2]为表示本发明的实施方式的片材构造的分解透视图。
[图3]为表示本发明的实施方式的片材的红外线反射率的测定结果图。
[图4]为表示本发明的实施方式的片材的镜面反射成份的红外线反射率的测定结果图。
[图5]为表示本发明的实施方式的片材的漫反射成份的红外线反射率的测定结果图。
[图6]为表示本发明的实施方式的片材的可见光线镜面反射率的测定结果图。
附图标记说明
1     防水透湿片材层
11    无纺布
12    透湿膜
2     隔热片材层
21    热塑性树脂制基材
22    金属蒸镀层
23   表面保护层
23a  热塑性树脂基体
23b  遮光粒子
24   贯通孔

Claims (8)

1.隔热透湿防水片材，其特征在于，具有透湿防水片材层1；另一方面，在热塑性树脂制基材21的表面，设置以规定厚度蒸镀光泽金属材料而成的金属蒸镀层22，并且，在该金属蒸镀层22的表面一体层合表面保护层23，从而形成隔热片材层2；该表面保护层23为在无色透明热塑性树脂基体23a中混合遮光粒子23b并将其大体上均匀分布而成，同时，在该隔热片材层2中以规定间隔开设多个贯通孔24，将所述透湿防水片材层1和隔热片材层2层合一体化，该隔热片材层2的金属蒸镀层22能反射红外线，同时，通过所述遮光粒子23b以及贯通孔24，使该金属蒸镀层22中可见光线的反射降低。
2.权利要求1所述的隔热透湿防水片材，其特征在于，隔热片材层2的金属蒸镀层22的光泽金属材料为铝。
3.权利要求1或2所述的隔热透湿防水片材，其特征在于，隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的遮光粒子23b的平均粒径为5～300nm。
4.权利要求1～3任一项所述的隔热透湿防水片材，其特征在于，隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的遮光粒子23b为二氧化钛。
5.权利要求1～4任一项所述的隔热透湿防水片材，其特征在于，隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的遮光粒子23b二氧化钛的含量相对于100重量份的热塑性树脂基体23a为0.1～1.5重量份。
6.权利要求1～5任一项所述的隔热透湿防水片材，其特征在于，隔热片材层2的表面保护层23的厚度为10～15μm。
7.权利要求1～6任一项所述的隔热透湿防水片材，其特征在于，隔热片材层2的贯通孔24的孔径为0.3～0.7mm，并且，其以50万～100万个/m2分布在片材表面中。
8.权利要求1～7任一项所述的隔热透湿防水片材，其特征在于，在无纺布11的表面贴合一体化多孔性透湿防水膜12以构成透湿防水片材层1。
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