CN101982057A

CN101982057A - Method for boosting pear hybrid seedlings to form flowers ahead of time

Info

Publication number: CN101982057A
Application number: CN 201010256217
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张绍铃; 崔艳波; 吴俊�; 吴华清; 陶书田; 齐开杰
Original assignee: Nanjing Agricultural University
Current assignee: Nanjing Agricultural University
Priority date: 2010-08-18
Filing date: 2010-08-18
Publication date: 2011-03-02

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for boosting pear hybrid seedlings to form flowers ahead of time, belonging to the field of crop breeding and cultivation. The hybrid seedlings with certain growth undergo branch drawing, shoots twisting, girdling, PP333 spraying in a single or combined manner when the new shoots of the pear trees stop growing, later, the flower beginning conditions of the plants are surveyed and statistics of the flowering rates is made. The above treatment measures can boost the hybrid seedlings to form flowers 1-2 years ahead of time, thus effectively shortening the juvenile phase of the hybrid progeny. The method has theoretical and practical significance in shortening the breeding period, reducing the land occupation period of the hybrid seedlings and labors for orchard management and improving the selecting and breeding efficiency of the new fruit tree varieties and has broad application prospect in fruit tree breeding.

Description

Promote pears hybrid seedling tree to do sth. in advance into colored method

One technical field

The invention provides the method that promotes pears hybrid seedling tree precocity flower, belong to plant breeding and cultivation field.

Two background technologies

Pears are one of worldwide main fruit, the third-largest fruit tree species of China.Pear tree originates in China, and kind is various in style, and adaptability is strong, and it is wide to distribute.The existing main breed of China mostly is the improved variety of own intellectual property or traditional landrace.For a long time, China scientist on breeding method, mainly still adopts crossbreeding having accumulated rich experience aspect the pears breeding, has cultivated a series of new quality product kinds.But the needed time of crossbreeding is long, generally takes 15 years, even the longer time, and breeding efficiency is lower, and the update cycle of new varieties is long, and Chang Wufa satisfies producers and consumers's demand.The long main reason of breeding cycle is because pear tree must be finished virgin after date and just can be yielded positive results, and the virgin phase, to be seedling tree played one period being experienced before blooming for the first time from sowing, and then be the manhood the later period of blooming.And the pear tree hybrid generation is from being seeded into the period of yielding positive results, the short 4-5 that needs, the long 7-8 that needs.This virgin phase is long more, and the cycle of breeding is long more, and hybrid seedling tree land occupation and orchard management recruitment are also many more, and the breeding cost is also just higher, and the ratio that same input brings out new varieties is also just more little.The virgin phase of pear tree, long having become restricted the main bottleneck that the breeding work person improves breeding efficiency.In order to quicken breeding process, just must shorten breeding cycle, that is to say, shorten the virgin phase of hybrid seedling tree, make hybrid seedling tree early flowering result, want to reach this purpose, just must on production management, cultivation step, work hard.In order to promote pears hybrid seedling tree early flowering, we have taked to draw branch, girdling, turned round the tip and have sprayed processing such as paclobutrazol the pears seedling tree according to the pear tree growth and development characteristics.The comprehensive cardinal principle of these measures that adopts is that these measures can suppress pear tree effectively nourishes and grows, and then promotes to promote flower bud differentiation by reproductive growth, promotes that finally doing sth. in advance into of pears hybrid seedling tree is colored.Studies show that these methods can both be impelled pears hybrid seedling tree early flowering result,, improve breeding efficiency and have great importance for shortening the breeding cycle.

Three summary of the invention

Technical problem

The objective of the invention is: the method that has proposed to promote pears hybrid seedling tree precocity flower.When young sprout stops growing, the hybrid seedling tree that the certain growth amount is arranged is taked to draw branch, turns round the tip, girdling, sprays PP ₃₃₃Deng single-item handling measure or wherein two combination measure, and the beginning of these plant of " Invest, Then Investigate " flower situation, add up its strain rate of blooming, find that these treatment measures can both promote the hybrid seedling tree to do sth. in advance into colored 1-2, shorten hybrid generation's the virgin phase effectively, provide technical guarantee for improving pears crossbreeding efficient.

Technical scheme

Promoting pears hybrid seedling tree to do sth. in advance into colored method, it is characterized in that, is the combination of wherein one or both measures:

Draw branch: choose the branch that robust growth is enriched on the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school and the more prosperous hybrid seedling tree and draw branch to handle, draw an angle to be controlled at about 60 °, in the face of trunk, both hands are caught the branch that draws, upwards firmly, push away 3-5 time to the trunk direction, dwindle base angle, slowly firmly make branch again, then reach the circumference of doing up and down by a small margin more left, to the right and rotate 3-4 time to left and right each curved 2-4 time, move the angle that will open a business again to, fixing with rope at last.

Girdling: choose robust growth, the more prosperous hybrid seedling tree of growing way and carry out girdling and handle.Concrete grammar is: choose larger side branch of the same size from hybrid tree plant, with shrub and hedge trimmer from trunk 10 centimeters girdling one circle, then from trunk 15 centimeters girdling one circle again.

Turn round the tip: choose the branch that robust growth is enriched on the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school and the more prosperous hybrid seedling tree, reverse 180 °, with the xylem degree of being that slightly breaks at its base portion.

Spray paclobutrazol: choose the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school and more prosperous hybrid seedling tree and spray with the paclobutrazol with 400mg/L～500mg/L, the spraying uniform and delicate is not resprayed.

On producing, do not need, otherwise can cause the early ageing of setting body above-mentioned two or more methods and usefulness.

Beneficial effect

The method that promotes pears hybrid seedling tree precocity flower provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) the present invention is simple to operate, and effect is obvious, can both promote hybrid seedling precocity flower well, to some extent shortening the juvenile phase.

(2) good stability of the present invention, the reliability height is investigated the experimental data in 3 years, and the good results are evident, is to promote hybrid seedling precocity flower, the cultivation step of shortening the juvenile phase.

Four description of drawings

Fig. 1 draws branch

Fig. 2 girdling

Fig. 3 turns round the tip

Fig. 4 sprays paclobutrazol

Five. embodiment

(1) the individual event measure is handled

When young sprout stops growing, the hybrid seedling tree that the certain growth amount is arranged is carried out following processing:

Draw branch: choose the branch that robust growth is enriched on the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school and the more prosperous hybrid seedling tree and draw branch to handle, draw an angle to be controlled at about 60 °, in the face of trunk, both hands are caught the branch that draws, upwards firmly, push away 3-5 time to the trunk direction, dwindle base angle, slowly firmly make branch again to left and right each curved 2-4 time, then make progress again, right, down, the circumference done by a small margin of a left side rotates 3-4 time, move the angle that will open a business again to, fixing with rope at last.

(2) combined treatment

Carrying out following combination measure by the aforesaid operations method handles:

1) draws branch+girdling; 2) draw branch+turn round the tip; 3) draw branch+spray paclobutrazol (500mg/l);

4) girdling+the turn round tip; 5) girdling+spray paclobutrazol (500mg/l); 6) turn round the tip+spray paclobutrazol (500mg/l)

(3) result and analysis

As can be seen from Table 1, the paclobutrazol of draw branch, girdling, turning round the tip and variable concentrations is handled all has tangible one-tenth flower facilitation to hybrid seedling, and more obvious in back 1 year effect of use.It is the most obvious wherein to spray (500mg/l) paclobutrazol effect, and comparison in 2010 is shone into colored strain number and increased by 11 strains.

As can be seen from Table 2, the further raising that be used in combination of two kinds of different measure facilitated effect to the early blossoming of hybrid seedling, but compares with the individual event measure, and effect improves very not remarkable, and the difference on effect between each combination is also not really remarkable.Wherein draw branch+spray paclobutrazol and turn round the seedling that the tip+spray paclobutrazol handles and all became colored in 2010.

In sum, single-item handling measure that provides among the present invention or combination measure all can significantly promote the precocity flower of hybrid seedling, but do not need two or more measures and usefulness on producing, otherwise can cause the early ageing of tree body.

Table 1 individual event measure treatment effect

Table 2 combination measure treatment effect

Claims

1. promoting pears hybrid seedling tree to do sth. in advance into colored method, it is characterized in that, is the combination of following wherein one or both measures:

Draw branch: choose the branch that robust growth is enriched on the hybrid seedling tree, during concrete operations, require in the face of trunk, both hands are caught the branch that draws, upwards firmly, push away 3-5 time to the trunk direction, dwindle base angle, firmly make branch to left and right each curved 2-4 time again, then the circumference of doing by a small margin to left and right and below again rotates 3-4 time, move angle 55-65 ° that will open a business again to, fixing with rope at last;

Girdling: choose the larger side branch of robust growth on the hybrid seedling tree, with shrub and hedge trimmer from trunk 10 centimeters girdling one circle, then from trunk 15 centimeters girdling one circle again;

Turn round the tip: choose the branch that robust growth is enriched on the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school and the more prosperous hybrid seedling tree, reverse 180 °, with the xylem degree of being that slightly breaks at its base portion;

Spray paclobutrazol: choose the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school and more prosperous hybrid seedling tree and spray with the paclobutrazol of 400mg/L～500mg/L, the uniform and delicate of spraying is not resprayed.