CN106342641A - Culture method of high-spindle shaped Chinese apples - Google Patents
Culture method of high-spindle shaped Chinese apples Download PDFInfo
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- CN106342641A CN106342641A CN201610774312.7A CN201610774312A CN106342641A CN 106342641 A CN106342641 A CN 106342641A CN 201610774312 A CN201610774312 A CN 201610774312A CN 106342641 A CN106342641 A CN 106342641A
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- bud
- side shoot
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- cutting back
- shoot
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture method of high-spindle shaped Chinese apples with an aim to solve problems about insufficient tree height, oversized side shoots, high proportion of 'clamping' phenomenon, serious premature aging and the like. Requirements on high-spindle tree shapes are analyzed deeply on the basis of seedling base in Chine, and the culture method of the high-spindle shaped Chinese apples is researched and developed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to horticultural gardening field, the high spindle cultural method of specially a kind of sinicization Fructus Mali pumilae.
Background technology
The high spindle of Fructus Mali pumilae is mainly tree-like as modern cultivation mode, at present should in American-European countries spread
With, China from 2007 about from abroad introducing and widely popularize.
High spindle tree-like culture general attention following aspect abroad: 1, built using the seedlings with 10-15 side shoot, brachyplast
Garden；Not cutting strunk when the 2nd, being colonized, removes several larger side shoots on trunk, the side shoot that will be left behind is pulled to 110-130 degree, principle: exceed
The side shoot of trunk diameter half needs to remove from base portion；3rd, every year annual side shoot is pulled to 110-130 degree mid-July, the winter cuts
When bounce back to base portion by what diameter exceeded trunk diameter half；4th, side shoot diameter more than 3cm when remove or required back according to tree-like
Contracting；5th, started to cut 3-5 side shoot every year from the 4th year and update to base portion.
Domestic carry out high spindle culture, but due to domestic compared to external thought, soil, nursery stock, water and fertilizer management,
There is gap in the aspects such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, weather, agricultural machinery, cause a series of problem.It is mainly shown as: 1, nursery stock matter
Amount difference is difficult to carry out high spindle culture.Most domestic adopts dwarfing interstock building well, does not enable external dwarfing from root
Anvil band branch seedlings building well.Domestic at present except small part orchard adopt direct import band branch seedlings building well in addition to, remaining is basic
Using life in 1 year or 2 years raw nursery stock building wells, What is more adopts sprout building well.2nd, dwarfing rootstock early fruiting character, load capacity are overemphasized
Too big, cause stunted tree.Built Modern orchard typically requires the 3rd year to see fruit, the 4th year high yield at present.Due to dwarfing rootstock tree body
Growth is weaker, and the flower and fruit thinning work of most of orchard is not in place, senilism because load capacity is too big.Through more than 2 years
Production at high load, stunted tree ratio quickly raises.As long as 3 have side shoot to be just pulled to 110-130 degree, it is reluctant to extremely weighing cutting back.Make
The early major branch of one-tenth and side shoot ratio are inharmonious, and " card neck " phenomenon limits increasing of tree body, and tree body is highly only 2.5 meters about also not to be had
Have and reach high more than spindle-type requirement height 3.5m, the height of tree not causes side shoot quantity not, and the inadequate yield of setting fruit position is no again
Method plays；Cause the excessively huge strain spacing of side shoot not enough, thus closing.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed to that above-mentioned tree body is highly not enough, side shoot is excessively huge, " card neck " phenomenon proportion high, senilism phenomenon
Serious the problems such as, based on Chinese nursery stock basis, the deep analysis tree-like requirement of high spindle, research and develop a kind of sinicization Herba Marsileae Quadrifoliae
Really high spindle cultural method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of 1, sinicization Fructus Mali pumilae high spindle culture side
Method, comprises to have the following steps:
The first step: seedlings building well, strong bud are done surely, and this step provides basis for later step；First Year is exceeded with diameter mid-March
The dwarfing interstock of 1cm or Dwarf rootstocks seedling building well, one strong bud 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof of 90cm selection from the ground；
Second step: trunk once strengthens bud cutting strunk, side shoot stays an aobvious bud extremely to weigh cutting back, and this step provides material for the three, the 4th step by step
Material；Second Year is selected and remain in the middle part of trunk annual shoot before rudiment at the beginning of 3 months and is strengthened bud near top one, 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof；
Side shoot is selected and remain and is shown bud near the one of trunk, extremely weighs cutting back in aobvious bud top 0.5cm；Note: during pruning, fruit shear edge of a knife side exists
The side of bud, in order to avoid extruding injury bud.
3rd step: trunk once carves bud, inspires side shoot, and this step is to provide condition for the 5th step；Sprout after the completion of second step
In trunk annual shoot part before bud, (the annual trunk after the first step, second step are processed) is gone up 1 year and is completed
Top notches up, select full bud every 8-10cm, and 0.5cm carves bud above it；Note: the bud selected and remain will substantially in the shape of a spiral
It is distributed in trunk；Carve bud and only carve disconnected phloem, do not hinder xylem.
4th step a: complex shears, bud picking, this step is the perfect further of second step, does condition for the 5th step simultaneously；The
At the beginning of 2 years 4 months, if the side shoot that the first step and second step produce has kryptoblast to sprout below bud of selecting and remain, complex shears is near trunk
Sprouting top 0.5cm, complex shears: prune for the first time and limited due to various uncontrollable factors, leave a when pruning
Fixed safety factor.After pruning for the first time, a period of time more conforms to, in order to remove insurance part, the second pruning that standard is carried out
It is called " complex shears "；If the side shoot of the extremely heavy cutting back of second step has kryptoblast to sprout in base portion, complex shears is to side shoot base portion, if side shoot base
Portion has multiple kryptoblast to sprout, using going to force to stay on weak principle bud picking；Note: during complex shears fruit shear edge of a knife side in bud offside, in order to avoid
Cut and hinder sprouting.
5th step: the secondary strong bud of trunk is done surely, side shoot is secondary extremely to weigh cutting back, and this step is the 6th preparatory condition；3rd
Bud is strengthened to choosing in the middle part of trunk annual shoot near top one, 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof at the beginning of 3 months years；To second step, the 3rd
The side shoot that step, the 4th step inspire generation is extremely weighed cutting back again, and standard requires same second step；
6th step: trunk secondary quarter bud, inspire side shoot, this step be the 8th step preparatory condition；Right before rudiment after the completion of 5th step
Trunk annual shoot part carries out carving bud process, and standard requires with the 3rd step；
7th step: secondary complex shears, bud picking, this step is that the 5th step is perfect further, and this step provides material for the 8th step；The
The side shoot at the beginning of 3 years 4 months, the 5th step being inspired carries out secondary complex shears, bud picking, and standard requires with the 4th step；
8th step: once draw branch, this step provides material for ten steps；In mid-July, the 3rd will be secondary extremely heavy short through the 5th step
Cut and the secondary complex shears of the 7th step, the side shoot of bud picking are pulled to 110-130 degree with " s " type angle of release angle device；
9th step: three strong bud cutting strunks of trunk, side shoot extremely weighs cutting back three times, and this step provides material for the tenth step；In March, the 4th
Just trunk annual shoot part is carried out with cutting strunk, standard requires same second step, the side shoot that extremely heavy cutting back inspires to the 5th step is carried out
Extremely weigh cutting back again, standard requires with the 5th step；The side shoot that inspires of bud is carved to the 6th step and is extremely weighed cutting back, standard requires with the
Two steps；
Tenth step: trunk carves bud three times, and side shoot once carves bud, this step is that the 13rd step provides material；Sprout after the completion of 9th step
Before bud, the 5th step is inspired with the annual trunk being formed through the 9th step process generation carry out carving bud, standard requires with the 3rd step；
8th step is processed with the side shoot producing carry out carving bud, standard requires with the 3rd step；
11st step: No. three complex shears, bud picking, this step is the perfect further of the 9th step；Extremely heavy to the 9th step at the beginning of 4th year 4 months
The side shoot that cutting back produces carries out complex shears, bud picking, and standard requires with the 4th step；
12nd step: secondary draw branch, this step be the 14th step preparatory condition；In mid-July, the 4th is extremely heavy again to the 9th step
The side shoot of cutting back and the 11st step complex shears, bud picking generation carries out drawing branch to process, and standard requires with eight steps；
13rd step: side shoot extremely weighs cutting back four times, and this step is the 15th step preparatory condition；At the beginning of 5th, the 9th step is extremely weighed short
Cut the side shoot producing and extremely weighed cutting back again, the tenth step is carved with the side shoot that bud produces and is extremely weighed cutting back, standard requires with the
Two steps；
14th step: the secondary bud of carving of side shoot inspires shoot, and this step is the perfect further of the 12nd step；Right before rudiment in 5th year
Process, through the tenth step, the side shoot inspiring to carry out carving bud process, standard requires with the tenth step；
15th step: No. four complex shears, bud picking, this step is the 16th step preparatory condition；At the beginning of 5th, the 14th step is extremely weighed short
Cut the side shoot producing and carry out complex shears, bud picking, standard requires with the 4th step；
16th step: draw branch three times, this step is the 17th step preparatory condition；In mid-July, the 5th promotees to through the 15th step
The side shoot sent out carries out drawing branch to process, and standard and requirement are with the 8th step；
17th step: side shoot extremely weighs cutting back five times, and this step is the 19th step preparatory condition；To through the tenth step at the beginning of 6th year 3 months
Trunk three times is carved bud and is inspired and extremely weighed cutting back again with the side shoot of the extremely heavy cutting back of the 13rd step, and standard requires same second step；
18th step: side shoot is carved bud for three times and inspired shoot, and this step is the perfect further of the 16th step；Right before rudiment in 6th year
The side shoot that 16th step is processed carries out quarter bud process and inspires shoot；
19th step: No. five complex shears, bud pickings, this step is the perfect further of the 17th step；To through the tenth at the beginning of 6th year 4 months
The side shoot that the extremely heavy cutting back of seven steps produces carries out complex shears, bud picking, and standard requires with the 4th step；
20th step: draw branch four times, this step is the 21st step preparatory condition；In July, the 6th to through the 17th step and
19th step processes the side shoot selected and remain and carries out drawing branch, and standard requires with the 8th step；
21st step: side shoot is carved bud for the 4th time and inspired young sprout, and this step is the perfect further of the 20th step；Rudiment in 7th year
The front side shoot that 20th step is processed carries out carving bud, and standard requires with the tenth step.
Invent and extremely weighed cutting back, complex shears, bud picking Trinity side shoot renewal pruning method, such as step 2 and step 4；
Step 5 and step 7；Step 9 and step 11；Step 13 and step 15；Step 10 seven is made with the cooperation of step 10 nine
With.Side shoot is caused to lose by avoiding side shoot at extremely heavy cutting back to aobvious bud because extremely heavy cutting back is improper；By extremely heavy cutting back and again
Cut, mode that bud picking combines ensures that side shoot is born in trunk as far as possible, it is to avoid move outside side shoot: significantly postponed by extremely heavy cutting back
Beginning fruiting period, reduces the generation of senilism phenomenon, and senilism phenomenon incidence rate is reduced to 0%.
Invented side shoot " secondary " extremely weigh cutting back method, such as step 2 and step 5, step 5 and step 9, step 9 with
Step 13, step 13 is used cooperatively with step 10 seven." secondary " extremely heavy cutting back method is to pass through on trunk to carve bud or nature
Sprouting the side shoot producing all must be after the Second Year spring after rudiment produces extremely be weighed cutting back twice with the 3rd year spring
This side shoot could be allowed to retain.Significantly reduce the ratio of side shoot and trunk by " secondary " extremely heavy cutting back method, side shoot is thick with trunk
Degree is than reaching 100% less than 1/3rd；It is reduced to 0% by " secondary " extremely heavy cutting back method " card neck " phenomenon incidence rate；By " two
Secondary " extremely weigh cutting back method and once surely do, three cutting strunks combine and significantly improve trunk height, and trunk height 100% reaches 3.5m
More than.
Surely done by once strengthening bud, three strong bud cutting strunks, three trunks carve bud enable trunk height reach 3.5m with
On, highly exceed 0.5-1m compared to traditional cultural method.Side shoot quantity can reach 30-35, and height has cultivation side
Method 10-20.Classical culture protocols typically start to stay 3 about side shoots from First Year life, and when biennial, side shoot quantity reaches 5--
7, side shoot quantity is basicly stable afterwards.Cultural method of the present invention typically started to stay 3 about side shoots, the 4th year side from the 3rd year
Branch quantity cultivates 12-15, and side shoot quantity cultivates 23-28 within the 5th year, and side shoot quantity reaches 30-35 within the 6th year.Tradition
Cultural method under the conditions of if liftoff 20cm position water and fertilizer condition is basically identical compared with the present invention the first four years to increase thick speed basic
Unanimously, but extensive slow because senilism phenomenon increases from the 5th year beginning classical culture protocols, and the lower increasing of this patent culture is thick always
Steadily continue.Trunk increasing rough error at classical culture protocols liftoff 1.5m compared with this patent is different clearly, traditional culture side
Method started from the 3rd year to increase thick very slow, and this patent be always maintained at liftoff 20cm at the essentially identical thick speed of increasing, show
Tree-like according to present invention culture is substantially not present " card neck " phenomenon.
| Classical culture protocols | A kind of sinicization modern high spindle cultural method | |
| Liftoff 20cm rugosity (cm during field planting | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Height (m) during field planting | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Life in 1 year is liftoff 20cm rugosity (cm) | 2 | 2 |
| 1 year raw height (m) | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| 1 year raw side shoot quantity (individual) | 3 | 0 |
| Life in 2 years is liftoff 20cm rugosity (cm) | 3 | 3 |
| Life in 2 years is liftoff 1.5m rugosity (cm) | 1 | 1 |
| 2 years raw height (m) | 2.5 | 2.2 |
| 2 years raw side shoot quantity (individual) | 5--7 | 0 |
| Life in 3 years is liftoff 20cm rugosity (cm) | 4 | 4 |
| Life in 3 years is liftoff 1.5m rugosity (cm) | 1.5 | 2 |
| 3 years raw height (m) | 2.6 | 3.2 |
| 3 years raw side shoot quantity (individual) | 5--7 | 3 |
| Life in 4 years is liftoff 20cm rugosity (cm) | 5.2 | 5.2 |
| Life in 4 years is liftoff 1.5m rugosity (cm) | 1.6 | 3.2 |
| 4 years raw height (m) | 2.6 | 3.7 |
| 4 years raw side shoot quantity (individual) | 5--7 | 12--15 |
| Life in 5 years is liftoff 20cm rugosity (cm) | 5.3 | 5.5 |
| Life in 5 years is liftoff 1.5m rugosity (cm) | 1.6 | 3.5 |
| 5 years raw height (m) | 2.6 | 3.7 |
| 5 years raw side shoot quantity (individual) | 5--7 | 23-28 |
| Life in 6 years is liftoff 20cm rugosity (cm) | 5.5 | 5.7 |
| Life in 6 years is liftoff 1.5m rugosity (cm) | 1.7 | 3.8 |
| 6 years raw height (m) | 2.6 | 3.7 |
| 6 years raw side shoot quantity (individual) | 5——7 | 30-35 |
| Life in 7 years is liftoff 20cm rugosity (cm) | 5.7 | 6 |
| Life in 7 years is liftoff 1.5m rugosity (cm) | 1.7 | 4 |
| 7 years raw height (m) | 2.6 | 3.7 |
| 7 years raw side shoot quantity (individual) | 5——7 | 30-35 |
Brief description
It is the flow chart of the present invention shown in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one: the m9t337 being cultivated using this patent method is from the rich No. 3 modern apple orchards of root anvil cigarette
Material: stock: m9t337；Kind: rich No. 3 of cigarette
Time: 2008-2014 years；Place: national Fructus Mali pumilae Engineering Technical Research Centre base
Process: the Dwarf rootstocks with diameter 1.2cm in 2008, cigarette No. 3 seedling building wells of richness.From the ground 90cm about choose one
Strong bud 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof.Select and remain in the middle part of trunk annual shoot before rudiment at the beginning of 3 months in 2009 and strengthen near top one
Bud, 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof；Side shoot is selected and remain and is shown bud near the one of trunk, extremely weighs cutting back in aobvious bud top 0.5cm.Note:
During pruning, fruit shear edge of a knife side is in the side of bud, in order to avoid extruding injury bud.In trunk annual shoot part before rudiment, that is, go up 1 year
The top clip completing up, selects full bud every 8-10cm, and 0.5cm carves bud above it.Note: the bud selected and remain is basic
It is spirally distributed in trunk；Carve bud and only carve disconnected phloem, do not hinder xylem.At the beginning of 4 months, if the side shoot producing is under bud of selecting and remain
Side has kryptoblast to sprout, complex shears to the sprouting top 0.5cm near trunk.If the side shoot of extremely heavy cutting back has kryptoblast to sprout in base portion
Send out, complex shears is to side shoot base portion, if side shoot base portion has multiple kryptoblast to sprout, using going to force to stay on weak principle bud picking.Note: complex shears
When fruit shear edge of a knife side in bud offside, in order to avoid cut hindering sprouting.Lean on most to selecting and remain in the middle part of trunk annual shoot at the beginning of 2010 3 months
Bud is strengthened on nearly top one, 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof；Cutting back is extremely weighed again to the side shoot inspiring generation, standard is ibid.Rudiment
Front quarter bud that trunk annual shoot part is carried out is processed, and standard is ibid.At the beginning of 4 months, secondary complex shears, bud picking are carried out to the side shoot inspiring,
Standard is ibid.Side shoot through extremely heavy cutting back, complex shears, bud picking is pulled to 110-130 degree with " s " type open-angle device by mid-July.2011
At the beginning of 3 months years, cutting strunk is carried out to trunk annual shoot part, standard is ibid.The side shoot that extremely heavy cutting back is inspired extremely is weighed short again
Cut, standard is ibid；The side shoot that quarter bud is inspired extremely is weighed cutting back, and standard is ibid.Before rudiment, annual trunk is carried out carving bud,
Standard is ibid；Side shoot is carried out carve bud, standard is ibid.At the beginning of 4 months, complex shears, bud picking are carried out to the side shoot producing, standard is ibid.July
The side shoot that the middle ten days produces to extremely heavy cutting back again and complex shears, bud picking carries out drawing branch to process, and standard is ibid.To pole at the beginning of 2012 3 months
The side shoot that weight cutting back produces extremely is weighed cutting back again, is extremely weighed cutting back to the side shoot carving bud generation, standard is ibid.Before rudiment
The side shoot inspiring is carried out carve bud process, standard is ibid.The side shoot at the beginning of 4 months, extremely heavy cutting back being produced carries out complex shears, bud picking, standard
Ibid.Mid-July side shoot is carried out drawing branch to process, standard is ibid.At the beginning of 2013 3 months, trunk is carved for three times with bud inspire and extremely heavy short
The side shoot cutting extremely is weighed cutting back again, and standard is ibid.Before rudiment, side shoot is carried out with quarter bud process and inspires shoot.To warp at the beginning of 4 months
The side shoot crossing extremely heavy cutting back generation carries out complex shears, bud picking, and standard is ibid.July carries out drawing branch to the side shoot selected and remain, and standard is same
On.Before rudiment in 2014, side shoot is carried out carving bud, ibid, high spindle is tree-like to be built up standard.
Embodiment two: using the rich No. 3 modern apple orchards of the hupehensis Rehd base anvil m9 intermediate stock cigarette of this patent method culture
Material: base anvil: hupehensis Rehd；Intermediate stock: m9；Kind: rich No. 3 of cigarette
Time: 2009-2015 years；Place: Yiyuan County An Xin farm
Process: the Dwarf rootstocks with diameter 1.2cm in 2009, cigarette No. 3 seedling building wells of richness.From the ground 90cm about choose one
Strong bud 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof.Select and remain in the middle part of trunk annual shoot before rudiment at the beginning of 3 months in 2010 and strengthen near top one
Bud, 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof；Side shoot is selected and remain and is shown bud near the one of trunk, extremely weighs cutting back in aobvious bud top 0.5cm.Note:
During pruning, fruit shear edge of a knife side is in the side of bud, in order to avoid extruding injury bud.In trunk annual shoot part before rudiment, that is, go up 1 year
The top clip completing up, selects full bud every 8-10cm, and 0.5cm carves bud above it.Note: the bud selected and remain is basic
It is spirally distributed in trunk；Carve bud and only carve disconnected phloem, do not hinder xylem.At the beginning of 4 months, if the side shoot producing is under bud of selecting and remain
Side has kryptoblast to sprout, complex shears to the sprouting top 0.5cm near trunk.If the side shoot of extremely heavy cutting back has kryptoblast to sprout in base portion
Send out, complex shears is to side shoot base portion, if side shoot base portion has multiple kryptoblast to sprout, using going to force to stay on weak principle bud picking.Note: complex shears
When fruit shear edge of a knife side in bud offside, in order to avoid cut hindering sprouting.Lean on most to selecting and remain in the middle part of trunk annual shoot at the beginning of 2011 3 months
Bud is strengthened on nearly top one, 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof；Cutting back is extremely weighed again to the side shoot inspiring generation.To trunk before rudiment
Annual shoot part carries out carving bud process.At the beginning of 4 months, secondary complex shears, bud picking are carried out to the side shoot inspiring.Mid-July will be through extremely heavy
Cutting back, complex shears, the side shoot of bud picking are pulled to 110-130 degree with " s " type angle of release angle device.To trunk annual shoot portion at the beginning of 2012 3 months
Divide and carry out cutting strunk.The side shoot that extremely heavy cutting back is inspired extremely is weighed cutting back again；The side shoot that quarter bud is inspired extremely is weighed cutting back.
Before rudiment, annual trunk is carried out carving bud；Side shoot is carried out carve bud.At the beginning of 4 months, complex shears, bud picking are carried out to the side shoot producing.July
The side shoot that the middle ten days produces to extremely heavy cutting back again and complex shears, bud picking carries out drawing branch to process.At the beginning of 2013 3 months, extremely heavy cutting back is produced
Side shoot extremely weighed cutting back again, to carve bud produce side shoot extremely weighed cutting back.Before rudiment, the side shoot inspiring is carved
Bud is processed.The side shoot at the beginning of 4 months, extremely heavy cutting back being produced carries out complex shears, bud picking.Mid-July side shoot is carried out drawing branch to process.2014
At the beginning of years 3 months, trunk is carved for three times with bud inspires and the side shoot of extremely heavy cutting back is extremely weighed cutting back again.Before rudiment, side shoot is carved
Bud processes and inspires shoot.At the beginning of 4 months, complex shears, bud picking are carried out to the side shoot producing through extremely heavy cutting back.July enters to the side shoot selected and remain
Row draws branch.Before rudiment in 2015, side shoot is carried out carving bud, high spindle is tree-like to be built up.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of high spindle cultural method of sinicization Fructus Mali pumilae is it is characterised in that comprise to have the following steps:
The first step: seedlings building well, strong bud are done surely；First Year mid-March with the dwarfing interstock more than 1cm for the diameter or is downgraded from root
Anvil seedling building well, one strong bud 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof of 90cm selection from the ground；
Second step: trunk once strengthens bud cutting strunk, side shoot stays an aobvious bud extremely to weigh cutting back；On trunk 1 year before Second Year rudiment at the beginning of 3 months
Select and remain in the middle part of raw branch and strengthen bud near top one, 0.5cm cutting strunk at an upper portion thereof；Side shoot is selected and remain and is shown bud near the one of trunk,
Aobvious bud top 0.5cm extremely weighs cutting back；
3rd step: trunk once carves bud, inspires side shoot；In trunk annual shoot part before rudiment after the completion of second step, that is, go up one
The top clip that year completes up, selects full bud every 8-10cm, and 0.5cm carves bud above it；
4th step a: complex shears, bud picking；At the beginning of Second Year 4 months, if the side shoot that the first step and second step produce is below bud of selecting and remain
Kryptoblast is had to sprout, complex shears to the sprouting top 0.5cm near trunk；If the side shoot of the extremely heavy cutting back of second step has hidden in base portion
Bud is sprouted, and complex shears is to side shoot base portion, if side shoot base portion has multiple kryptoblast to sprout, using going to force to stay on weak principle bud picking；
5th step: the secondary strong bud of trunk is done surely, side shoot is secondary extremely to weigh cutting back；Select in the middle part of trunk annual shoot at the beginning of 3rd year 3 months
Take and strengthen bud near top one, at an upper portion thereof 0.5cm cutting strunk；The side shoot that second step, the 3rd step, the 4th step are inspired with generation is carried out
Extremely weigh cutting back again, standard requires same second step；
6th step: trunk secondary quarter bud, inspire side shoot；Before rudiment after the completion of 5th step, trunk annual shoot part is carried out carving bud
Process, standard requires with the 3rd step；
7th step: secondary complex shears, bud picking；The side shoot at the beginning of 3rd year 4 months, the 5th step being inspired carries out secondary complex shears, bud picking, standard
Require with the 4th step；
8th step: once draw branch；In mid-July, the 3rd will through the 5th step secondary extremely weight cutting back and the secondary complex shears of the 7th step, smear
The side shoot of bud is pulled to 110-130 degree with " s " type open-angle device；
9th step: three strong bud cutting strunks of trunk, side shoot extremely weighs cutting back three times；At the beginning of 4th year 3 months, trunk annual shoot part is entered
Row cutting strunk, standard requires same second step, and the side shoot that extremely heavy cutting back inspires to the 5th step is extremely weighed cutting back again, and standard requires same
5th step；The side shoot that inspires of bud is carved to the 6th step and is extremely weighed cutting back, standard requires same second step；
Tenth step: trunk carves bud three times, and side shoot once carves bud；Before rudiment after the completion of 9th step, the 5th step is inspired with formation through the
Nine steps process the annual trunk producing and carry out carving bud, and standard requires with the 3rd step；Process, to the 8th step, the side shoot producing to carry out
Carve bud, standard requires with the 3rd step；
11st step: No. three complex shears, bud picking；The side shoot that at the beginning of 4th year 4 months, extremely heavy cutting back produces to the 9th step carries out complex shears, smears
Bud, standard requires with the 4th step；
12nd step: secondary draw branch；In mid-July, the 4th, extremely weight cutting back and the 11st step complex shears, bud picking was produced again to the 9th step
Raw side shoot carries out drawing branch to process, and standard requires with eight steps；
13rd step: side shoot extremely weighs cutting back four times；The side shoot that at the beginning of 5th, extremely heavy cutting back produces to the 9th step is extremely weighed again
Cutting back, the side shoot that the tenth step is carved with bud generation is extremely weighed cutting back, and standard requires same second step；
14th step: the secondary bud of carving of side shoot inspires shoot；Before rudiment in 5th year, the side shoot inspiring through the tenth step process is carried out
Carve bud to process, standard requires with the tenth step；
15th step: No. four complex shears, bud picking；The side shoot that at the beginning of 5th, extremely heavy cutting back produces to the 14th step carries out complex shears, bud picking,
Standard requires with the 4th step；
16th step: draw branch three times；In mid-July, the 5th side shoot inspiring through the 15th step is carried out drawing branch to process, standard
With require with the 8th step；
17th step: side shoot extremely weighs cutting back five times；Inspire and the 13rd step to carving bud through the tenth step trunk three times at the beginning of 6th year 3 months
The side shoot of extremely heavy cutting back is extremely weighed cutting back again, and standard requires same second step；
18th step: side shoot is carved bud for three times and inspired shoot；The side shoot before rudiment in 6th year, the 16th step being processed carries out carving at bud
Reason inspires shoot；
19th step: No. five complex shears, bud pickings, at the beginning of the 6th year 4 months, the side shoot producing through the extremely heavy cutting back of the 17th step is carried out multiple
Cut, bud picking, standard requires with the 4th step；
20th step: draw branch four times；In July, the 6th draws to the side shoot selected and remain through the 17th step and the process of the 19th step
Branch, standard requires with the 8th step；
21st step: side shoot is carved bud for the 4th time and inspired young sprout；The side shoot before rudiment in 7th year, the 20th step being processed is carved
Bud, standard requires with the tenth step.
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| CN112616540A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Lithocarpus litseifolius pruning process |
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