CN101891511A

CN101891511A - Organic substrate suitable for planting vegetables, melons and fruits and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101891511A
Application number: CN2010102011483A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李学麒
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-06-15
Filing date: 2010-06-15
Publication date: 2010-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-15
Also published as: CN101891511B

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic substrate suitable for planting vegetables, melons and fruits and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: mixing the following materials in percentage by weight: 30 to 40 percent of water hyacinth, 20 to 35 percent of sawdust, 10 to 20 percent of biomass char, 10 to 20 percent of wormcast, 0.3 to 1.1 percent of beneficial microflora, and 0.8 to 1.7 percent of nonmetallic mineral, and stirring the materials by using water with an EC value of less than 150US.cm<-1>; fermenting for 48 hours in a storeroom at the temperature of between 20 and 28 DEG C, and composting for 25 to 30 days at the temperature of between 40 and 90 DEG C so as to prepare the organic substrate. The organic matrix has the advantages of rich nutrition, strong air permeability, low cost, and capacities of improving the plant yield and quality and reducing the plant diseases and insect pests.

Description

A kind of organic substrate that is suitable for vegetables, melon and fruit plantation and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of matrix of soilless culture, particularly a kind of organic substrate that is suitable for vegetables, melon and fruit plantation and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Along with the raising of people's living standard, the enhancing of environmental protection, health perception increases environmental protection organic vegetable, melon and fruit demand.For to green organic development, some soilless culture substrates occur in the last few years, but hypotrophy face, water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability are undesirable, and crop yield is also not high enough.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of comprehensive nutrition, and more effective water conservation, guarantor's fertilizer, good permeability, ecological organic are applicable to the organic substrate that vegetables, melon and fruit are cultivated;

Another object of the present invention is the preparation method that above-mentioned matrix will be provided.

A kind of organic substrate that is suitable for vegetables, melon and fruit plantation, form by following raw material by weight percentage:

Herba Eichhorniae 30-40%

Wood sawdust 20-35%

Biomass char 10-20%

Wormcast 10%-20%

Beneficial microbe colony 0.3-1.1%

Non-metallic minerals 0.8-1.7%.

Wherein said Herba Eichhorniae salvages and will carry out the surface contaminants processing, pulverizes then, squeezes, and carries out solid-liquid separation, and water content is below 40%.Described biomass char is that biologic garbage forms through combustion of organic matter under the anoxic condition; Described beneficial microbe colony is the EM flora of various beneficial microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, genus bacillus, nitrobacteria, actinomycetes and physiologically active substance; Described non-metallic minerals is one matter or their mixture or the trace element of ammonium sulfate, phosphorus oxide, Repone K, calcium superphosphate, ferrous sulfate, and trace element is the soluble salt of elements such as silicon, boron, zinc, copper, manganese, magnesium.

A kind of preparation method who is suitable for the organic substrate of vegetables, melon and fruit plantation comprises the steps:

(1) Herba Eichhorniae is pulverized, squeezed, carry out solid-liquid separation, water content is below 40%;

(2) ratio is taken by weighing each component raw material thorough mixing;

(3) with EC value＜150US.cm ^-1Water mix thoroughly, in 20-28 ℃ storehouse the fermentation 48 hours;

(4) under 40-90 ℃ of condition stack retting 25-30 days.

The advantage of matrix of the present invention is: (1) is nutritious: Herba Eichhorniae contains multiple proteins, amino acid (comprise human body must and 8 seed amino acids that self can not make), carotene and trace element.Wherein nitrogenous 0.24%, phosphorus 0.07%, Repone K 0.11%, crude protein 2.38%, crude fat 0.27%, robust fibre 0.91%, nitrogen-free extract 3.7%; (2) ventilation property is strong: big (75%-85%) hole of wood sawdust, biomass char porosity is many, have stronger ion exchangeable and in light weight, water-retaining capacity is strong, also contains the multiple beneficial element, can a good environment that grows be arranged to microorganism; (3) contain bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi in the wormcast, it is the active substance that plant easily absorbs that these microorganisms not only make complicated material mineralising, but also synthesize a series of bioactive materials that have, as sugar, amino acid, VITAMIN etc., wormcast can promote the crop root growth, improve rate of emergence, the formation with root system of growing that can stimulating plant can improve the output of plant; (4) add beneficial microbe colony in the matrix, effectively suppress the production breeding of causal organism in the environment, and can be converted into nontoxic hazardous and noxious substances such as hydrogen sulfide, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen and the utilizable material of plant, agricultural chemicals and the microbiotic of degrade residual on seed.

Embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment, but one skilled in the art should appreciate that into, present embodiment only for illustrating, but be not qualification to protection domain of the present invention.

Embodiment 1:

Prepare 1000 kilograms of organic substrates that are suitable for vegetables, melon and fruit plantation, comprise the steps:

(2) take by weighing through 350 kilograms in step (1) treated water cucurbit, 280 kilograms of wood sawdusts, 150 kilograms of biomass chars, 100 kilograms of wormcasts, 30 kilograms of beneficial microbe colonies, 90 kilograms of thorough mixing of non-metallic minerals;

(3) be 140US.cm with the EC value ^-1Water mix thoroughly, in 25 ℃ storehouse the fermentation 48 hours;

(4) stack retting 30 days under 60 ℃ of conditions.

Product is through trying out in planting vegetable, melon or fruit type crops, the result shows, it can improve rate of emergence, promote root growth, strengthened the ability and the resistance against diseases that absorb nutrient, also can alleviate the decline that continuous cropping brings the popular and fertility of soil disease, the product quality of planting out is excellent, mouthfeel is good, long fresh-keeping period.

Claims

1. organic substrate that is suitable for the plantation of vegetables, melon and fruit is characterized in that: made through mixing, fermentation, stack retting by following raw material by weight percentage:

Herba Eichhorniae 30-40%

Wood sawdust 20-35%

Biomass char 10-20%

Wormcast 10%-20%

Beneficial microbe colony 0.3-1.1%

Non-metallic minerals 0.8-1.7%,

Described Herba Eichhorniae be after pulverizing, squeezing, solid-liquid separation water content at the solids below 40%.

2. the described a kind of preparation method who is suitable for the organic substrate of vegetables, melon and fruit plantation of claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

(2) ratio is taken by weighing each component raw material thorough mixing;

(3) with EC value＜150US.cm ^-1Water mix thoroughly, place 20-28 ℃ storehouse fermentation 48 hours;

(4) under 40-90 ℃ of condition stack retting 25-30 days.

3. according to the described organic substrate of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described beneficial microbe colony is for containing photosynthetic bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, genus bacillus, nitrobacteria, actinomycetic EM flora.

4. according to the described organic substrate of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described non-metallic minerals is the one matter of ammonium sulfate, phosphorus oxide, Repone K, calcium superphosphate, ferrous sulfate or their mixture.