CN101822194B - Full growing season seedling culture method of desert halophyte halostachys caspica - Google Patents
Full growing season seedling culture method of desert halophyte halostachys caspica Download PDFInfo
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- CN101822194B CN101822194B CN2010101809049A CN201010180904A CN101822194B CN 101822194 B CN101822194 B CN 101822194B CN 2010101809049 A CN2010101809049 A CN 2010101809049A CN 201010180904 A CN201010180904 A CN 201010180904A CN 101822194 B CN101822194 B CN 101822194B
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Abstract
This invention relates to a full growing season seedling culture method of desert halophyte halostachys caspica, which comprises the steps of fruit picking, seed preservation, seed treatment, seeding, seedling management and outplanting and the like. Based on the experiment research in desert waste land of Turpan Desert botanical garden and by planting for many years, the invention provides a complete halostachys caspica seedling culture method for the effective development and utilization of desert waste land. The invention has simple operation, is safe and reliable, and provides a new way for the development and the utilization of the desert waste land.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of raising technology of growing seedlings of typical halophyte halostachys caspica full growing season.
Background technology
Caspian halostachys belongs to the Chenopodiaceae fruticuli, plant height 50-200 centimetre.Be distributed in the European southeast, middle part, Asia and western, Xinjiang and Gansu are mainly originated in China, and caspian halostachys mainly is distributed in Tarim Basin and Yan Qi basin in Xinjiang, and also there is appearance in some areas, northern foot, Tianshan Mountains.Be the constructive species and the sociales of salt desert, the ecological condition of adaptation is height salination and be full of cracks type solonchak, and the face of land has 2-5 centimetre thin layer salt incrustation, and the salt content of 0-30 cm layer of soil is about 10%.
Caspian halostachys can be widely used in Desert Area alkaline land improving and afforestation, also is the herbage in important early spring of domestic animal.Development and use caspian halostachys resource is significant to the improvement in the large tracts of land salination soil in arid desert district.
Directly afforestation seeding or the emergence rate of growing seedlings only have about 10%-30% caspian halostachys on the salinization soil.Caspian halostachys full growing season seedling culture technology through utilization is invented is grown seedlings, and the success rate of growing seedlings can reach more than 85%, and can realize the annual seedling that supplies.For large-scale production caspian halostachys nursery stock, carry out salination soil, desert district large tracts of land halophitic vegetation and recover and reconstruction, have important practice significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is; A kind of full growing season seedling culture method of desert halophyte halostachys caspica is provided; This method comprises fruit collection, seed treatment and preservation, sowing, seedling management and goes out links such as garden, carried out the production practices of testing for many years and grow seedlings in desert plant garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Turfan.The caspian halostachys full growing season seedling culture method has operability preferably, and techniqueflow is scientific and reasonable, and stronger repetition and reliability are arranged, and popularizes with generalization strong.
The full growing season seedling culture method of a kind of desert halophyte halostachys caspica according to the invention follows these steps to carry out:
Gathering of a, fruit: when fruit phase 9-10 month seed is fully ripe, carry out, ripe seed is avette, bronzing;
B, kind and seed preservation only: seed is cleaned out, be contained in the paper bag, be placed on shady and cool dry place preservation, thousand grain weigth 0.060-0.070 restrains, long 0.82-0.86 millimeter;
C, seed treatment: before the sowing, seed is carried out vernalization handle, earlier seed is immersed in 30 ℃ the water 48 hours time;
D, sowing: spring, two seasons of autumn carry out open country and grow seedlings, annual all seasons carries out feeding block seedlings raising;
Open country is grown seedlings at the beginning of 4 months spring or carry out autumn by the end of September, and the soil temperature of sowing season is 16-25 ℃, and the seedbed is 2 meters * 6 meters, sunken bed, and the ridge is high 25 centimetres, and is wide 50 centimetres;
Feeding block seedlings raising carries out at annual all seasons, the sandy soil of in nutritive cube, packing into, vermiculite and the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and part by weight is to mix at 8: 2: 1, nutritive cube is high 12 centimetres, 13 centimetres of diameters, the seedbed is 1.2 meters * 4 meters, each seedbed spacing 80-100 centimetre;
E, seedling management: remain the upper soll layer humidity before emerging, emerged at 13-17 days behind the caspian halostachys planting seed, seedling occurs in 3 months behind the true leaf; Every at a distance from 10-15 days light irrigation primary waters, in the time of height of seedling 7-8 centimetre, carry out final singling; 5 centimetres of spacing in the rows, the growth of seedling in the nutritive cube need be divided seedling in the time of height of seedling 8-9 centimetre after 3 months; Remove nutritive cube, with the nursery stock transplanting in the nutritive cube in open country, spacing in the rows 4-5 centimetre;
F, outplanting: the open country outplanting, the caspian halostachys of growing seedlings spring then goes out the garden spring in next year; The caspian halostachys to the second of growing seedlings autumn year autumn or the 3rd year spring go out the garden, and when going out the garden height of seedling 30-50 centimetre, once fully pour water before the lifting, carry out field planting behind the lifting immediately; Feeding block seedlings raising goes out the garden, and can go out garden when the seedling growth height of transplanting during at 30 centimetres next year.
Steps d open country nursery is chosen on the sand, fully pours water before broadcasting, and the seed that vernalization is handled is put into water tank, and continuous cropping subband water is spilled on the seedbed, and covering husky thickness again is 1-1.5 centimetre.
The steps d feeding block seedlings raising is mixed a little fine sands with the seed of handling, broadcasts in the nutritive cube, and every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, about 1 centimetre of thickness of earth covering, fill in fine sand in the space between alms bowl and the alms bowl.
Step e is in seedling management, and need give soil supply salt solution three times the whole seedling stage of feeding block seedlings raising, and concentration is 4-5%, is emerging 10 days respectively, respectively mends salt solution once in 2 months and 3 months.
Embodiment
Embodiment
The sandy bare land of the present invention in desert plant garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Turfan, height above sea level-105～-76 meter, 16.4 millimeters of average annual rainfalls; Mean annual humidity 41.0%; Belong to typical landlocked arid desert weather, zonal soil is the taupe brown desert soil, and soil acidity or alkalinity is between the ph 8.6-9.1; Subterranean water level 8-10 rice, soil layer carries out the cultivation that caspian halostachys is grown seedlings at 0-40 centimetre;
Gathering of a, fruit: when fruit phase 9-10 month seed is fully ripe, carry out, ripe seed is avette, and bronzing is dried threshing with the whole infructescence of scissors clip;
B, kind and seed preservation only: seed is cleaned out, be contained in the paper bag, be placed on shady and cool dry place preservation, thousand kernel weight 0.060-0.070 restrains, long 0.82-0.86 millimeter;
C, seed treatment: before the sowing, seed is carried out vernalization handle, earlier seed is immersed in 30 ℃ the water, 48 hours time, can sow at once;
D, sowing: all can carry out annual any season, spring, two seasons of autumn carries out open country and grow seedlings, and annual all seasons carries out feeding block seedlings raising;
Open country is grown seedlings at the beginning of 4 months spring or carry out autumn by the end of September, and the soil temperature of sowing season is 16-25 ℃, and the open country nursery is chosen on the sand, and the seedbed is 2 meters * 6 meters, sunken bed, and the ridge is high 25 centimetres, and is wide 50 centimetres; Fully pour water before broadcasting, the seed that vernalization is handled is put into water tank, continuous cropping subband water is spilled on the seedbed, and covering husky thickness again is 1-1.5 centimetre, keeps soil moisture before emerging, and prevents native dash board knot;
Feeding block seedlings raising can carry out at annual all seasons, the sandy soil of in nutritive cube, packing into, vermiculite and the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and weight ratio is to mix at 8: 2: 1, nutritive cube is high 12 centimetres; 13 centimetres of diameters, sowing is preceding with irritating sufficient water in the nutritive cube, when treating that the sandy soil surface is hard slightly under water after oozing; Can sow, the seed of handling is mixed a little fine sands, broadcast in the nutritive cube; Every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, about 1 centimetre of thickness of earth covering, the discharging of nutritive cube must neat and consistent; Fill in fine sand in space between alms bowl and the alms bowl, and the seedbed is 1.2 meters * 4 meters, each seedbed spacing 80-100 centimetre;
E, seedling management: remain the upper soll layer humidity before open country is grown seedlings and emerged, prevent that the face of land is dry, loose to keep the face of land, seedbed, reduce evaporation from land surface; Improve nursery lot soil aeration situation, promote seedling growth, emerged at 13-17 days behind the caspian halostachys planting seed; Seedling occurs in 3 months behind the true leaf, and is every at a distance from 10-15 days light irrigation primary waters, in the time of height of seedling 7-8 centimetre; Carry out final singling, 5 centimetres of spacing in the rows are whole weeding in seedling stage 2-3 time; Feeding block seedlings raising management fundamental sum open country is grown seedlings similar, is not both in whole seedling stage and need mends salt solution three times to soil, and concentration is 4-5%; Emerging 10 days respectively, respectively mending salt solution once in 2 months and 3 months, the growth of seedling in the nutritive cube is after 3 months; Need divide seedling in the time of height of seedling 8-9 centimetre; At this moment nutritive cube is removed, the nursery stock transplanting of the inside in open country, spacing in the rows 4-5 centimetre;
F, open country outplanting: the caspian halostachys of growing seedlings spring then can go out the garden spring in next year; The caspian halostachys to the second of growing seedlings autumn year autumn or the 3rd year spring go out the garden, when going out the garden height of seedling 30-50 centimetre, once fully pour water before the lifting; To make every effort to during lifting keep root system complete, carry out field planting behind the lifting immediately, should not heel in; Prevent the root dehydration, behind the survival rate lifting of assurance nursery stock; Feeding block seedlings raising goes out the garden: next year when the seedling growth height of transplanting more than 30 centimetres the time, can go out the garden.
Claims (3)
1. the full growing season seedling culture method of a desert halophyte halostachys caspica is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
Gathering of a, fruit: when fruit phase 9-10 month seed is fully ripe, carry out, ripe seed is avette, bronzing;
B, kind and seed preservation only: seed is cleaned out, be contained in the paper bag, be placed on shady and cool dry place preservation, thousand grain weigth 0.060-0.070 restrains, long 0.82-0.86 millimeter;
C, seed treatment: before the sowing, seed is carried out vernalization handle, earlier seed is immersed in 30 ℃ the water 48 hours time;
D, sowing: spring, two seasons of autumn carry out open country and grow seedlings, annual all seasons can carry out feeding block seedlings raising;
Open country is grown seedlings at the beginning of 4 months spring or carry out autumn by the end of September, and the soil temperature of sowing season is 16-25 ℃, and the seedbed is 2 meters * 6 meters, sunken bed, and the ridge is high 25 centimetres, and is wide 50 centimetres;
Feeding block seedlings raising carries out at annual all seasons, the sandy soil of in nutritive cube, packing into, vermiculite and the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and part by weight is to mix at 8: 2: 1, nutritive cube is high 12 centimetres, 13 centimetres of diameters, the seedbed is 1.2 meters * 4 meters, each seedbed spacing 80-100 centimetre;
E, seedling management: remain the upper soll layer humidity before emerging, emerged at 13-17 days behind the caspian halostachys planting seed, seedling occurs in 3 months behind the true leaf, and is every at a distance from 10-15 days light irrigation primary waters; In the time of height of seedling 7-8 centimetre, carry out final singling, 5 centimetres of spacing in the rows, the growth of seedling in the nutritive cube is after 3 months; Need divide seedling in the time of height of seedling 8-9 centimetre, remove nutritive cube, with the nursery stock transplanting in the nutritive cube in open country; Spacing in the rows 4-5 centimetre, in seedling management, need give soil supply salt solution three times the whole seedling stage of feeding block seedlings raising; Concentration is 4-5%, is emerging 10 days respectively, respectively mends salt solution once in 2 months and 3 months;
F, outplanting: the open country outplanting, the caspian halostachys of growing seedlings spring then goes out the garden spring in next year; The caspian halostachys to the second of growing seedlings autumn year autumn or the 3rd year spring go out the garden, and when going out the garden height of seedling 30-50 centimetre, once fully pour water before the lifting, carry out field planting behind the lifting immediately; Feeding block seedlings raising goes out the garden, and can go out garden when the seedling growth height of transplanting during at 30 centimetres next year.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that steps d open country nursery is chosen on the sand, fully pours water before broadcasting, and the seed that vernalization is handled is put into water tank, and continuous cropping subband water is spilled on the seedbed, and covering husky thickness again is 1-1.5 centimetre.
3. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the steps d feeding block seedlings raising, the seed of handling is mixed a little fine sands, broadcast in the nutritive cube, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, about 1 centimetre of thickness of earth covering, fill in fine sand in the space between alms bowl and the alms bowl.
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| CN103875382B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-11-18 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | The seedling-cultivating method of the blunt leaf Gypsophila acutifolia of medicinal plant |
| CN106134902A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-11-23 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of sand ground degeneration-resistant implantation methods of economic forest seedling |
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| CN101422111A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2009-05-06 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Artificial breeding technique of perennial herb |
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| 徐金燕等.阿月浑子实生育苗技术.《经济林研究》.2005,第23卷(第3期),65-67. * |
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