CN101422111A - Artificial breeding technique of perennial herb - Google Patents
Artificial breeding technique of perennial herb Download PDFInfo
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- CN101422111A CN101422111A CNA2008100729923A CN200810072992A CN101422111A CN 101422111 A CN101422111 A CN 101422111A CN A2008100729923 A CNA2008100729923 A CN A2008100729923A CN 200810072992 A CN200810072992 A CN 200810072992A CN 101422111 A CN101422111 A CN 101422111A
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial culture technology for a seedling of a perennial herb camel thorn, which comprises the technical steps of after-ripening and seed collection, low temperature storage, seed cell breaking, proper sowing as well as grooving and irrigating. The technology effectively solves the problems of difficult burgeoning, low seedling surviving rate and low seedling maintaining rate of the seeds during artificial culture process; the technology used for culturing the seedlings can ensure the surviving rate of the seedlings be maintained between 80 and 96 percent and ensure the overwintering seedling maintaining rate be maintained between 75 and 85 percent; under the same condition, 30 percent of water is saved for culturing the seedlings; and the technology provides a demonstration for large area camel thorn seedling culturing technology in the area. The artificial culture technology for the seedling of the perennial herb camel thorn integrates the breeding and seedling culturing technology for the special plants in a drought area, and at the same time, validates the quick relation between the temperature and the time of vitriol processing and water processing of the quick cell breaking of the seeds by experiment, thus leading the technology to be simpler and easier, realizing the technical effects of energy saving and emission reduction, and simultaneously providing an important scientific basis for the rehabilitation of the camel thorn vegetations for a desert-oasis transition zone.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the artificial breeding technique of plant seedlings, arid biogeographic zone endemic plant especially, the artificial breeding technique of suitable especially a kind of perennial herb.
Background technology
At the arid biogeographic zone Gobi desert of the length and breadth of land and existing a kind of herbaceos perennial--the camel thorn that certain area is arranged of oasis-desert intermediate zone of south, Tarim Basin edge, its rich in proteins is a kind of good forage, becomes the natural feed of camel, sheep, muroid.Adaptability is strong, drought-resistant, salt tolerant alkali because camel thorn has, and sets up the filling grass vegetation based on camel thorn, also has great significance for checking winds and fixing drifting sand, developing animal husbandry.In the South Sinkiang, Xinjiang and the some areas of telling, be apt to, hold in the palm, in order to improve poverty, also in continuous expansion camel thorn cultivated area, with as one of important means of developing animal husbandry.How passing through manually or manually short natural method, quicken the reparation of impaired camel thorn vegetation, enlarge the natural distribution area of camel thorn, also is the problem that the scientific worker concentrates on studies for many years and pays close attention to.Attribute based on species, nourishing and generating of camel thorn is main by the ground stem, seminal propagation is very difficult, reproduction rate is extremely low especially under field conditions (factors), in order to solve the seed sprouting difficulty in the artificial culture, the survival rate of seedling, the difficult problem that survival rate of seedlings is low, the breeding, raising seedling technology of arid biogeographic zone endemic plant that the present invention is integrated, make its improvement that obtains overall process and perfect, take the lead in having made the science demonstration and having promoted for the artificial breeding technique of this area camel thorn seedling.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: the artificial breeding technique of a kind of perennial herb that provides has effectively solved the seed sprouting difficulty in the artificial culture, seedling percent, the problem that survival rate of seedlings is low; Compare with equal nursery stock artificial breeding technique, using water wisely 30% has realized the technique effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of artificial breeding technique of perennial herb, comprise after-ripening seed collecting, cryopreservation, seed broken wall, begin sowing in good time and draw the technical step that ditch is irrigated, and can implement step by step when growing seedlings:
After-ripening is collected seed: ripe seed should not be plucked too early, needs through latter stage of ripening and hypothermic phase; Best plucking time is annual mid or late November, requires kind of a pod to go out kind of rate at 50-60%, when particle weighs the 5.8-6.5 gram, implements to pluck; Pluck the method with the clip fruit branch, fruit branch dries, and artificial rubbing is removed branches and leaves, planted shell, impurity gets final product;
Cryopreservation: seed dress cloth bag, be placed in the dry environment of 4 ℃ of low temperature or the cryogenic box storage, make seed be difficult for inactivation, go rotten;
Seed broken wall: the quick broken wall of seed: adopting concentration is that 95% sulfuric acid solution soaks, extensible when stirring 5-20 minute, after flushing with clean water, is placed in 23-27 ℃ the environment maintenance and can sows stand-by in 22-26 hour; Perhaps seed adopts the hot water broken wall: the time of processing and the temperature of water are closely related, and the high more disposal time of temperature is short more, adopt two kinds of seed broken walls that method is carried out, the basic indifference of germination rate;
Begin sowing in good time: annual early June is the phase of beginning sowing in good time, and mean temperature of air reaches 28-32 ℃, ground temperature in the time of 38-42 ℃; The trench digging drilling is adopted in sowing, is easy to the germination of seed and surviving of seedling;
Drawing ditch irrigates: draw the ditch irrigation water is permeated at leisure, it is moistening that shoot root portion keeps; Seed germination phase irrigation quantity remains on 25-32 cubic meter/mu every day; Behind the seedling 20 days, be spaced apart two days once, irrigation volume keeps 18-23 cubic meter/mu; Behind the seedling 40 days, be spaced apart once in a week, irrigation volume remains on 40-47 cubic meter/mu.
The artificial breeding technique of above-mentioned seedling, seed was with 40 ℃ hot water broken wall, time 46-48 hour; Seed was with 60 ℃ hot water broken wall, time 10-12 hour; With 80 ℃ hot water broken wall, time 8-10 minute; With 90 ℃ hot water broken wall, time 2.5-3.5 minute.
Above-mentioned artificial breeding technique, the long 450-550 of ditch centimetre of drilling trench digging, wide 5-15 centimetre, 4-8 centimetre deeply, seed is all broadcast and is put in the ditch, and raking gets final product.
Described artificial breeding technique draws the general using water wisely 30% of furrow irrigation but adopt, and makes the survival rate of seedling remain on 80-96%, and the survival rate of seedlings of surviving the winter remains on 75-85%.
The artificial breeding technique of a kind of perennial herb of the present invention, solved the germination difficulty of seed, surviving and a survival rate of seedlings low technical difficult problem of seedling, simultaneous verification the sulfuric acid of the quick broken wall of seed dispose or the short-term training relation of seed water temperature and time when disposing, make this technology more simple; Under equal conditions compare with other method for cultivating seedlings, using water wisely 30% has realized the technique effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction, is to optimize ecotope, for the reparation of desert-transition zone between oasis camel thorn vegetation provides important scientific basis, shows technological progress.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Sulfuric acid broken wall method:
Collect seed: the plucking time of camel thorn seed is annual mid or late November, when kind of a pod goes out kind of rate 50%, implements to pluck when thousand kernel weight restrains up to 6.3; Pluck the method that adopts the clip fruit branch, the fruit branch airing, artificial rubbing is removed branches and leaves, is planted shell etc.
Storage: seed dress cloth bag, 4 ℃ of low temperature dryings or refrigerator store and are difficult for inactivation.
Seed broken wall: seed is put into glass container, pour 95% sulfuric acid liquid into, make it to soak, add a cover glass bar stirring after 5 minutes, and then added a cover 15 minutes, remove remaining sulfuric acid, flushing with clean water with a large amount of binds up with gauze seed, be placed on keep in 25 ℃ the environment 24 hours stand-by.
Sowing: annual early June is the sowing time, 30 ℃ of mean temperature of air, 40 ℃ of ground temperature; Long 500 centimetres, wide 10 centimetres, dark 5 centimetres of the ditch of sowing and ditching, with the seed of handling stir go up dried sandy soil after, be sprinkling upon equably in the seed furrow, approach then and spread 0.5 centimetre of dry sand layer covering of one deck seed, the ditch of raking gets final product.
Seedling management: behind the seed sprouting, adopt furrow irrigation, water is penetrated in the seed furrow at leisure, keep the root of seedling moistening, irrigation quantity is 30 cubic metres/mu; After 20 days the irrigation volume of seedling be two days once, irrigation method still adopts furrow irrigation, water can not cover seed furrow, but irrigation volume reduces to 20 cubic metres/mu; Behind the seedling 40 days, irrigate to once in a week, the diversion flood irrigation, irrigation volume remains on 45 cubic metres/mu.
Embodiment 2
Hot water broken wall method:
Collect seed: it is annual mid or late November that the camel thorn seed is plucked, and when kind of a pod goes out kind of rate 51%, plucks when thousand kernel weight restrains up to 6.5; Pluck the method that adopts the clip fruit branch, the fruit branch airing, artificial rubbing is removed branches and leaves, is planted shell etc.
Storage: seed dress cloth bag, 4 ℃ of low temperature dryings or refrigerator store and are difficult for inactivation.
Seed broken wall: seed is put into container, hot-water soak; With 40 ℃ hot water broken wall, the time needs 48 hours; With 60 ℃ hot water broken wall, the time needs 10 hours; With 80 ℃ hot water broken wall, the time needs 10 minutes; With 90 ℃ hot water broken wall, the time needs 3 minutes; The seed of selected its temperature broken wall, germination rate all can reach 80-95%.
Sowing: annual early June is the sowing time, 31 ℃ of mean temperature of air, 43 ℃ of ground temperature; Water furrow planting: long 480 centimetres, wide 12 centimetres, dark 6 centimetres of ditch, the seed of handling is evenly broadcast it, will plant subcovering with 0.7 centimetre dried sandy soil then, the seed furrow of raking gets final product.
Seedling management: behind the seed sprouting, adopt furrow irrigation, water is penetrated in the seed furrow at leisure, keep root moistening of seedling; Irrigation quantity is 28 cubic metres/mu; Become behind the seedling 20 days, irrigation be two days once, irrigation volume reduces to 22 cubic metres/mu; Cheng Miaohou 40 days irrigates to once in a week, adopts the diversion flood irrigation, and irrigation volume remains on 47 cubic metres/mu.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of artificial breeding technique of perennial herb is characterized in that: comprise after-ripening seed collecting, cryopreservation, seed broken wall, begin sowing in good time and draw the technical step that ditch is irrigated, can implement step by step when growing seedlings:
After-ripening is collected seed: ripe seed should not be plucked too early, needs through latter stage of ripening and hypothermic phase; Best plucking time is annual mid or late November, requires kind of a pod to go out kind of rate at 50-60%, when particle weighs the 5.8-6.5 gram, implements to pluck; Pluck the method with the clip fruit branch, fruit branch dries, and artificial rubbing is removed branches and leaves, planted shell, impurity gets final product;
Cryopreservation: seed dress cloth bag, be placed in the dry environment of 4 ℃ of low temperature or the cryogenic box storage, make seed be difficult for inactivation, go rotten;
Seed broken wall: the quick broken wall of seed: adopting concentration is that 95% sulfuric acid solution soaks, extensible when stirring 5-20 minute, after flushing with clean water, is placed in 23-27 ℃ the environment maintenance and can sows stand-by in 22-26 hour; Perhaps seed adopts the hot water broken wall: the time of processing and the temperature of water are closely related, and the high more disposal time of temperature is short more, adopt two kinds of seed broken walls that method is carried out, the basic indifference of germination rate;
Begin sowing in good time: annual early June is the phase of beginning sowing in good time, and mean temperature of air reaches 28-32 ℃, ground temperature in the time of 38-42 ℃; The trench digging drilling is adopted in sowing, is easy to the germination of seed and surviving of seedling;
Drawing ditch irrigates: draw the ditch irrigation water is permeated at leisure, it is moistening that shoot root portion keeps; Seed germination phase irrigation quantity remains on 25-32 cubic meter/mu every day; Behind the seedling 20 days, be spaced apart two days once, irrigation volume keeps 18-23 cubic meter/mu; Behind the seedling 40 days, be spaced apart once in a week, irrigation volume remains on 40-47 cubic meter/mu.
2, according to the artificial breeding technique of the described seedling of claim 1, it is characterized in that: seed was with 40 ℃ hot water broken wall, time 46-48 hour; Seed was with 60 ℃ hot water broken wall, time 10-12 hour; With 80 ℃ hot water broken wall, time 8-10 minute; With 90 ℃ hot water broken wall, time 2.5-3.5 minute.
3, according to the described artificial breeding technique of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the long 450-550 of ditch centimetre of drilling trench digging, wide 5-15 centimetre, 4-8 centimetre deeply, seed is all broadcast and is put in the ditch, and raking gets final product.
4, according to the described artificial breeding technique of claim 1, it is characterized in that: draw the general using water wisely 30% of furrow irrigation but adopt, make the survival rate of seedling remain on 80-96%, the survival rate of seedlings of surviving the winter remains on 75-85%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100729923A CN101422111B (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2008-11-04 | Artificial breeding technique of perennial herb |
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| CN2008100729923A CN101422111B (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2008-11-04 | Artificial breeding technique of perennial herb |
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| CN101422111A true CN101422111A (en) | 2009-05-06 |
| CN101422111B CN101422111B (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101822194A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2010-09-08 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Full growing season seedling culture method of desert halophyte halostachys caspica |
| CN102273340A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2011-12-14 | 崔茂虎 | Method for soaking seeds of semen coicis in boiling water and for sterilizing seeds |
| CN102282928A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-21 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Artificial method for physical dormancy release of Zunghar leaf-free bean seeds |
| CN102301937A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Controlled irrigation inducing method for root growth of perennially deep rooting plant |
| CN102598995A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 常熟市新靓文辅亚农艺发展有限公司 | Method for artificial cultivation of Polemonium |
| CN102907241A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-02-06 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for building alhagi artificial vegetation at oasis periphery |
| CN104663144A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-06-03 | 华中农业大学 | Method and application for improving silique pod-shattering resistance of cabbage type rape and method and application of mechanized harvesting of cabbage type rape |
| CN104957045A (en) * | 2015-08-01 | 2015-10-07 | 徐伟明 | Rapid induction medium for tissue culture of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. and preparation method of rapid induction medium |
| CN108513882A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-11 | 新疆维吾尔自治区环境保护科学研究院 | A kind of method of field herbaceous plant environmental Kuznets Curves experiment |
-
2008
- 2008-11-04 CN CN2008100729923A patent/CN101422111B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101822194B (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Full growing season seedling culture method of desert halophyte halostachys caspica |
| CN101822194A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2010-09-08 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Full growing season seedling culture method of desert halophyte halostachys caspica |
| CN102282928A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-21 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Artificial method for physical dormancy release of Zunghar leaf-free bean seeds |
| CN102301937A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Controlled irrigation inducing method for root growth of perennially deep rooting plant |
| CN102301937B (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-03-20 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Controlled irrigation inducing method for root growth of perennially deep rooting plant |
| CN102273340A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2011-12-14 | 崔茂虎 | Method for soaking seeds of semen coicis in boiling water and for sterilizing seeds |
| CN102598995B (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-06-26 | 常熟市新靓文辅亚农艺发展有限公司 | Method for artificial cultivation of Polemonium |
| CN102598995A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 常熟市新靓文辅亚农艺发展有限公司 | Method for artificial cultivation of Polemonium |
| CN102907241A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-02-06 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for building alhagi artificial vegetation at oasis periphery |
| CN102907241B (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-12-04 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for building alhagi artificial vegetation at oasis periphery |
| CN104663144A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-06-03 | 华中农业大学 | Method and application for improving silique pod-shattering resistance of cabbage type rape and method and application of mechanized harvesting of cabbage type rape |
| CN104957045A (en) * | 2015-08-01 | 2015-10-07 | 徐伟明 | Rapid induction medium for tissue culture of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. and preparation method of rapid induction medium |
| CN108513882A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-11 | 新疆维吾尔自治区环境保护科学研究院 | A kind of method of field herbaceous plant environmental Kuznets Curves experiment |
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| CN101422111B (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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