CN102283068B - Technology for artificially cultivating maytenus tree - Google Patents

Technology for artificially cultivating maytenus tree Download PDF

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CN102283068B
CN102283068B CN 201110184454 CN201110184454A CN102283068B CN 102283068 B CN102283068 B CN 102283068B CN 201110184454 CN201110184454 CN 201110184454 CN 201110184454 A CN201110184454 A CN 201110184454A CN 102283068 B CN102283068 B CN 102283068B
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soil
seedling
seed
fertilizer
cutting
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CN102283068A (en
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张雪梅
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PUER CITY INSTITUTE OF NATIONAL TRADITION PHARMACEUTICAL
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PUER CITY INSTITUTE OF NATIONAL TRADITION PHARMACEUTICAL
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Abstract

The invention relates to a plant cultivation technology, in particular to a technology for artificially cultivating a maytenus tree, and provides a scientific and feasible technology for artificially cultivating the maytenus tree. The technology for artificially cultivating the maytenus tree comprises the following steps of: A, selecting a maytenus cultivating field; B, propagating seedlings, namely propagating seeds or performing cuttage propagation; C, transplanting; and D, managing plants. The technology for artificially cultivating the maytenus tree makes large-scale large-area maytenus plantation realized and is low in plantation investment and high in benefits.

Description

Caulis Mayteni tree planting technology
Technical field
The invention belongs to the planting culture technique, relate in particular to Caulis Mayteni tree planting technology.
Background technology
Caulis Mayteni is a kind of evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, is Celastraceae Caulis Mayteni platymiscium.225 kinds of the total Caulis Mayteni platymisciums in the whole world are distributed in Asia, Africa and american torrid zone.Yunnan Province of China is economized 7 kinds more than.In Xishuangbanna, the states, ground such as Lincang, Dehong are domestic, the both sides, tropical river valley that height above sea level is 400-1300 meters, under the evergreen forest of mountain region, in the tor jungle, the brook, river all has many places to find along the precipice.Caulis Mayteni is preferred shady wet environment, seldom grows without concealment place at tailo, but airtight in rainforest, never to see the sun or the sky ground also is difficult to see.
Eighties of last century beginning of the seventies, the plant of the U.S.'s a kind of tingia Caulis Mayteni by name from Africa has been found a kind of cancer-resisting substance with it.After this China scientific worker, by consulting interrelated data and examination on the spot, having confirmed also to grow in Yunnan has kindred plant, and in western part, Puer City along the river two sides found swollen fruit Caulis Mayteni and the southern regions of the Yunnan Province Caulis Mayteni two classes.In fact in the locality, people just smash the treatment traumatic injury of steeping in wine to pieces with its root, stem, leaf a long time ago.Caulis Mayteni is that the Celastraceae Caulis Mayteni belongs to (Maytenus Mayterushookeri Loes) plant, and the whole world has 225 kinds, is distributed in tropical and subtropical region, and China has 11 kinds, produces southwest to the southeast.
The root of Caulis Mayteni, stem, leaf, can be used as medicine.Contain Xin Meideng, defend the compositions such as thatch acid, succinic acid, syringic acid, oxykojic acid, human tumor is had obvious inhibitory action.Maytenin is a kind of natural chemical substance that contains in the Caulis Mayteni tree, and the scholar has just found this natural products as far back as the seventies american plant, and researcher is still furtherd investigate at the anticancer function to Caulis Mayteni so far.
Caulis Mayteni chemical extraction active component and Chinese herb compound water decoction all have obvious inhibitory action to some laboratory animal and human malignant tumor, in its clinical verification tens routine cancer patients, majority of cases all demonstrates result for the treatment of in various degree, as lump dwindle, sx↓, improve a poor appetite, body weight increase etc.
Caulis Mayteni enjoys people's concern as a kind of traditional Chinese medicine of genuineness because of its special effect, market demand increases year by year.According to incompletely statistics, at present, the Caulis Mayteni that only consumes in Yunnan Province's year is more than 200 tons, and national annual consumption is more than 10,000 tons.At present, mostly material therefor is wild.Along with the increase of consumption and the destruction of vegetation, wild resource day by day reduces.To the artificial planting research of Caulis Mayteni, extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of science feasible for above-mentioned situation, the Caulis Mayteni tree planting technology that lays the foundation for developing the Caulis Mayteni product.
Caulis Mayteni tree planting technology is characterized in that adopting following steps:
The selection of A, Caulis Mayteni planting site: the detritus soil mountain forest ground of height above sea level 800~1400m, the forest in the mountain forest ground is relatively sparse, is adding a cover sunshade net without the trees shelter, and the shade density of planting site reaches 60%~80%;
B, seedling propagation;
C, transplanting:
(1) transplanting time: between 6 annual~July;
(2) selection of seedling: plant height is higher than more than the 30cm, the nursery stock of well developed root system;
(3) seedling growth: planting site is removed weeds, at woodland excavation plantation ditch, apply base fertilizer in the plantation ditch, plant reclaimed soil behind the Caulis Mayteni nursery stock, water to saturating root, at the Waterlogged soil mulch film, and it is steady to add earth mulch at mulch film.
The management of D, plant: when arrive annual rainy season weeding once, and to plant dispensing fertilizer, later Routine Management.
Described seedling propagation is seminal propagation, specifically adopts following steps:
(1) sowing time: 4 annual~May
(2) preparation of seed: gather rear seed as can not sow the time at once, can be first the seed continuously airing 2~3 days of making thinner in the sun, often stir seed when basking seeds, to prevent broken skin during operation;
(3) seedbed is built: select irrigation and drainage to do the seedbed in smooth consolidation soil easily, build the drain ditch and build the plastic foil shading shed, shade density reaches 60%~80%; Select anosis worm source, loosing soil, detritus soil that the fertilizer conservation water retention property is good to pack in the nutritious bag, detritus soil installs to from sack 1~3cm place, with the nutritious bag close-packed arrays that installs in the seedbed of putting in order;
(4) sowing: the seed that chooses with 30~50 ℃ emerge in worm water prior to seeding, the seed that soaked is sown in the nutritious bag by 1 every bag, end during sowing that seed is more smooth is downward, press in gently in the soil, the degree of depth is not advisable in just not buried with seed, broadcast and spread afterwards the fine earth that one deck sieved, just covered seed; After planting water permeable and build little shed in the seedbed, the canopy membrane cover is tight;
(5) seedling management: 1. overcast and rainyly build little shed and note draining summer, fine day is opened little shed and is ventilated, and in time waters; 2. three months that emerge take applied nitrogen as main, add simultaneously organic fertilizer; 3. Routine Management after three months.
Described seedling propagation is cottage propagation, specifically adopts following steps:
(1) prepare in the seedbed: select that physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage consolidation soil and build the shade of shade density 60%~80% easily, the carbendazim that adds its quality 0.1% in the aseptic immature soil is mixed thoroughly, and the soil of mixing is well placed into the seedbed after putting into nutritious bag;
(2) cutting is prepared: between 3 annual~May the Caulis Mayteni elite stand is pruned, stayed the above major branch of diameter 1.5cm and cut the sprouting of end of the branch promotion side shoot; Select the branch of then new sprouting to cut between 11~December, remove the tender point of end of the branch, be trimmed to and be with half sheet blade, long 6~8cm is as cutting;
(3) transplant a cutting to transplant: above-mentioned cutting with the high concentration of the 100~300mg/l powder solution adhesional wetting cutting lower end of taking root, is then inserted the nutritious bag in the seedbed, by real soil, water permeablely, and build little shed;
(4) manage after the rudiment: transplant a cutting behind the mounted blade of rudiment, spray weekly foliage fertilizer one time, per two weeks spray diluted concentrations be 800 times the carbendazim aqueous solution once, the temperature in the little shed is controlled at 25~35 ℃;
(5) hestening rooting: when the spray of sprouting in the cutting launched 4~5 leaves, the low concentration root-inducing powder of use 0.5~1mg/l and foliage fertilizer be foliage-spray together;
(6) practice seedling: transplant a cutting behind 2 leaves of rudiment, open canopy sooner or later and practice seedling, cover tightly noon;
(7) carry out conventional water and fertilizer management at the seedling Hou Kaipeng of taking root.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, Caulis Mayteni tree planting technology of the present invention has realized Caulis Mayteni scale establishing in large scale, plantation small investment, high efficiency.
2, seedling propagation adopts seminal propagation, has advantages of that reproduction rate is high, easily survives.
3, seedling propagation adopts cottage propagation, has that propagating materials easily collecting, reproduction rate are high, the fireballing characteristics of nursery stock late growing stage.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand better the present invention program, below in conjunction with embodiment Caulis Mayteni tree planting technology of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The selection of A, Caulis Mayteni planting site: the detritus soil mountain forest ground of height above sea level 800m, the forest in the mountain forest ground is relatively sparse, is adding a cover sunshade net without the trees shelter, and the shade density of planting site reaches 60%;
B, seedling propagation are seminal propagation, specifically adopt following steps:
(1) sowing time: annual April;
(2) preparation of seed: gather rear seed as can not sow the time at once, can be first the seed continuously airing 2 days of making thinner in the sun, often stir seed when basking seeds, to prevent broken skin during operation;
(3) seedbed is built: select irrigation and drainage to do the seedbed in smooth consolidation soil easily, build the drain ditch and build the plastic foil shading shed, shade density reaches 60%; Select anosis worm source, loosing soil, detritus soil that the fertilizer conservation water retention property is good to pack in the nutritious bag, detritus soil installs to from sack 2cm place, with the nutritious bag close-packed arrays that installs in the seedbed of putting in order;
(4) sowing: the seed that chooses with 50 ℃ emerge in worm water prior to seeding, the seed that soaked is sown in the nutritious bag by 1 every bag, end during sowing that seed is more smooth is downward, press in gently in the soil, the degree of depth is not advisable in just not buried with seed, broadcast and spread afterwards the fine earth that one deck sieved, just covered seed; After planting water permeable and build little shed in the seedbed, the canopy membrane cover is tight;
(5) seedling management: 1. overcast and rainyly build little shed and note draining summer, fine day is opened little shed and is ventilated, and in time waters; 2. three months that emerge take applied nitrogen as main, add simultaneously organic fertilizer; 3. Routine Management after three months.
C, transplanting:
(1) transplanting time: between annual July;
(2) selection of seedling: plant height is higher than more than the 30cm, the nursery stock of well developed root system;
(3) seedling growth: planting site is removed weeds, at woodland excavation plantation ditch, apply base fertilizer in the plantation ditch, plant reclaimed soil behind the Caulis Mayteni nursery stock, water to saturating root, at the Waterlogged soil mulch film, and it is steady to add earth mulch at mulch film.
The management of D, plant: when arrive annual rainy season weeding once, and to plant dispensing fertilizer, later Routine Management.
Embodiment 2
The selection of A, Caulis Mayteni planting site: the detritus soil mountain forest ground of height above sea level 1300m, the forest in the mountain forest ground is relatively sparse, is adding a cover sunshade net without the trees shelter, and the shade density of planting site reaches 80%;
B, seedling propagation are seminal propagation, specifically adopt following steps:
(1) sowing time: annual May;
(2) preparation of seed: gather rear seed as can not sow the time at once, can be first the seed continuously airing 2 days of making thinner in the sun, often stir seed when basking seeds, to prevent broken skin during operation;
(3) seedbed is built: select irrigation and drainage to do the seedbed in smooth consolidation soil easily, build the drain ditch and build the plastic foil shading shed, shade density reaches 80%; Select anosis worm source, loosing soil, detritus soil that the fertilizer conservation water retention property is good to pack in the nutritious bag, detritus soil installs to from sack 3cm place, with the nutritious bag close-packed arrays that installs in the seedbed of putting in order;
(4) sowing: the seed that chooses with 30 ℃ emerge in worm water prior to seeding, the seed that soaked is sown in the nutritious bag by 1 every bag, end during sowing that seed is more smooth is downward, press in gently in the soil, the degree of depth is not advisable in just not buried with seed, broadcast and spread afterwards the fine earth that one deck sieved, just covered seed; After planting water permeable and build little shed in the seedbed, the canopy membrane cover is tight;
(5) seedling management: 1. overcast and rainyly build little shed and note draining summer, fine day is opened little shed and is ventilated, and in time waters; 2. three months that emerge take applied nitrogen as main, add simultaneously organic fertilizer; 3. Routine Management after three months.
C, transplanting:
(1) transplanting time: between annual June;
(2) selection of seedling: plant height is higher than more than the 30cm, the nursery stock of well developed root system;
(3) seedling growth: planting site is removed weeds, at woodland excavation plantation ditch, apply base fertilizer in the plantation ditch, plant reclaimed soil behind the Caulis Mayteni nursery stock, water to saturating root, at the Waterlogged soil mulch film, and it is steady to add earth mulch at mulch film;
The management of D, plant: when arrive annual rainy season weeding once, and to plant dispensing fertilizer, later Routine Management.
Embodiment 3
The selection of A, Caulis Mayteni planting site: the detritus soil mountain forest ground of height above sea level 1400m, the forest in the mountain forest ground is relatively sparse, is adding a cover sunshade net without the trees shelter, and the shade density of planting site reaches 80%;
B, seedling propagation are cottage propagation, specifically adopt following steps:
(1) prepare in the seedbed: select that physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage consolidation soil and build the shade of shade density 80% easily, the carbendazim that adds its quality 0.1% in the aseptic immature soil is mixed thoroughly, and the soil of mixing is well placed into the seedbed after putting into nutritious bag;
(2) cutting is prepared: between annual May the Caulis Mayteni elite stand is pruned, stayed the above major branch of diameter 1.5cm and cut the sprouting of end of the branch promotion side shoot; Select the branch of then new sprouting to cut between November, remove the tender point of end of the branch, be trimmed to and be with half sheet blade, long 7cm is as cutting;
(3) transplant a cutting to transplant: above-mentioned cutting with the high concentration of the 150mg/l powder solution adhesional wetting cutting lower end of taking root, is then inserted the nutritious bag in the seedbed, by real soil, water permeablely, and build little shed;
(4) manage after the rudiment: transplant a cutting behind the mounted blade of rudiment, spray weekly foliage fertilizer one time, per two weeks spray diluted concentrations be 800 times the carbendazim aqueous solution once, the temperature in the little shed is controlled at 35 ℃;
(5) hestening rooting: when the spray of sprouting in the cutting launched 4 leaves, the low concentration root-inducing powder of use 0.5mg/l and foliage fertilizer be foliage-spray together;
(6) practice seedling: transplant a cutting behind 2 leaves of rudiment, open canopy sooner or later and practice seedling, cover tightly noon;
(7) carry out conventional water and fertilizer management at the seedling Hou Kaipeng of taking root.
C, transplanting:
(1) transplanting time: between annual July;
(2) selection of seedling: plant height is higher than more than the 30cm, the nursery stock of well developed root system;
(3) seedling growth: planting site is removed weeds, at woodland excavation plantation ditch, apply base fertilizer in the plantation ditch, plant reclaimed soil behind the Caulis Mayteni nursery stock, water to saturating root, at the Waterlogged soil mulch film, and it is steady to add earth mulch at mulch film.
The management of D, plant: when arrive annual rainy season weeding once, and to plant dispensing fertilizer, later Routine Management.
Embodiment 4
The selection of A, Caulis Mayteni planting site: the detritus soil mountain forest ground of height above sea level 800m, the forest in the mountain forest ground is relatively sparse, is adding a cover sunshade net without the trees shelter, and the shade density of planting site reaches 60%;
B, seedling propagation are cottage propagation, specifically adopt following steps:
(1) prepare in the seedbed: select that physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage consolidation soil and build the shade of shade density 65% easily, the carbendazim that adds its quality 0.1% in the aseptic immature soil is mixed thoroughly, and the soil of mixing is well placed into the seedbed after putting into nutritious bag;
(2) cutting is prepared: between annual April the Caulis Mayteni elite stand is pruned, stayed the above major branch of diameter 1.5cm and cut the sprouting of end of the branch promotion side shoot; Select the branch of then new sprouting to cut between December, remove the tender point of end of the branch, be trimmed to and be with half sheet blade, long 7cm is as cutting;
(3) transplant a cutting to transplant: above-mentioned cutting with the high concentration of the 200mg/l powder solution adhesional wetting cutting lower end of taking root, is then inserted the nutritious bag in the seedbed, by real soil, water permeablely, and build little shed;
(4) manage after the rudiment: transplant a cutting behind the mounted blade of rudiment, spray weekly foliage fertilizer one time, per two weeks spray diluted concentrations be 800 times the carbendazim aqueous solution once, the temperature in the little shed is controlled at 30 ℃;
(5) hestening rooting: when the spray of sprouting in the cutting launched 4 leaves, the low concentration root-inducing powder of use 1mg/l and foliage fertilizer be foliage-spray together;
(6) practice seedling: transplant a cutting behind 2 leaves of rudiment, open canopy sooner or later and practice seedling, cover tightly noon;
(7) carry out conventional water and fertilizer management at the seedling Hou Kaipeng of taking root.
C, transplanting:
(1) transplanting time: between annual June;
(2) selection of seedling: plant height is higher than more than the 30cm, the nursery stock of well developed root system;
(3) seedling growth: planting site is removed weeds, at woodland excavation plantation ditch, apply base fertilizer in the plantation ditch, plant reclaimed soil behind the Caulis Mayteni nursery stock, water to saturating root, at the Waterlogged soil mulch film, and it is steady to add earth mulch at mulch film;
The management of D, plant: when arrive annual rainy season weeding once, and to plant dispensing fertilizer, later Routine Management.

Claims (2)

1. Caulis Mayteni tree planting technology is characterized in that adopting following steps:
The selection of A, Caulis Mayteni planting site: the detritus soil mountain forest ground of height above sea level 800~1400m, the forest in the mountain forest ground is relatively sparse, is adding a cover sunshade net without the trees shelter, and the shade density of planting site reaches 60~80%;
B, seedling propagation are seminal propagation, specifically adopt following steps:
(1) sowing time: 4 annual~May;
(2) preparation of seed: gather rear seed as can not sow the time at once, can be first the seed continuously airing 2~3 days of making thinner in the sun, often stir seed when basking seeds, to prevent broken skin during operation;
(3) seedbed is built: select irrigation and drainage to do the seedbed in smooth consolidation soil easily, build the drain ditch and build the plastic foil shading shed, shade density reaches 60%~80%; Select anosis worm source, loosing soil, detritus soil that the fertilizer conservation water retention property is good to pack in the nutritious bag, detritus soil installs to from sack 1~3cm place, with the nutritious bag close-packed arrays that installs in the seedbed of putting in order;
(4) sowing: the seed that chooses with 30~50 ℃ emerge in worm water prior to seeding, the seed that soaked is sown in the nutritious bag by 1 every bag, end during sowing that seed is more smooth is downward, press in gently in the soil, the degree of depth is not advisable in just not buried with seed, broadcast and spread afterwards the fine earth that one deck sieved, just covered seed; After planting water permeable and build little shed in the seedbed, the canopy membrane cover is tight;
(5) seedling management: 1. overcast and rainyly build little shed and note draining summer, fine day is opened little shed and is ventilated, and in time waters; 2. three months that emerge take applied nitrogen as main, add simultaneously organic fertilizer; 3. Routine Management after three months.
C, transplanting:
(1) transplanting time: between 6 annual~July;
(2) selection of seedling: plant height is higher than more than the 30cm, the nursery stock of well developed root system;
(3) seedling growth: planting site is removed weeds, at woodland excavation plantation ditch, apply base fertilizer in the plantation ditch, plant reclaimed soil behind the Caulis Mayteni nursery stock, water to saturating root, at the Waterlogged soil mulch film, and it is steady to add earth mulch at mulch film;
The management of D, plant: when arrive annual rainy season weeding once, and to plant dispensing fertilizer, later Routine Management.
2. Caulis Mayteni tree planting technology is characterized in that adopting following steps:
The selection of A, Caulis Mayteni planting site: the detritus soil mountain forest ground of height above sea level 800~1400m, the forest in the mountain forest ground is relatively sparse, is adding a cover sunshade net without the trees shelter, and the shade density of planting site reaches 60~80%;
B, seedling propagation are cottage propagation, specifically adopt following steps:
(1) prepare in the seedbed: select that physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage consolidation soil and build the shade of shade density 60~80% easily, the carbendazim that adds its quality 0.1% in the aseptic immature soil is mixed thoroughly, and the soil of mixing is well placed into the seedbed after putting into nutritious bag;
(2) cutting is prepared: between 3 annual~May the Caulis Mayteni elite stand is pruned, stayed the above major branch of diameter 1.5cm and cut the sprouting of end of the branch promotion side shoot; Select the branch of then new sprouting to cut between 11~December, remove the tender point of end of the branch, be trimmed to and be with half sheet blade, long 6~8cm is as cutting;
(3) transplant a cutting to transplant: above-mentioned cutting with the high concentration of the 100~300mg/l powder solution adhesional wetting cutting lower end of taking root, is then inserted the nutritious bag in the seedbed, by real soil, water permeablely, and build little shed;
(4) manage after the rudiment: transplant a cutting behind the mounted blade of rudiment, spray weekly foliage fertilizer one time, per two weeks spray diluted concentrations be 800 times the carbendazim aqueous solution once, the temperature in the little shed is controlled at 25~35 ℃;
(5) hestening rooting: when the spray of sprouting in the cutting launched 4~5 leaves, the low concentration root-inducing powder of use 0.5~1mg/l and foliage fertilizer be foliage-spray together;
(6) practice seedling: transplant a cutting behind 2 leaves of rudiment, open canopy sooner or later and practice seedling, cover tightly noon;
(7) carry out conventional water and fertilizer management at the seedling Hou Kaipeng of taking root.
C, transplanting:
(1) transplanting time: between 6 annual~July;
(2) selection of seedling: plant height is higher than more than the 30cm, the nursery stock of well developed root system;
(3) seedling growth: planting site is removed weeds, at woodland excavation plantation ditch, apply base fertilizer in the plantation ditch, plant reclaimed soil behind the Caulis Mayteni nursery stock, water to saturating root, at the Waterlogged soil mulch film, and it is steady to add earth mulch at mulch film;
The management of D, plant: when arrive annual rainy season weeding once, and to plant dispensing fertilizer, later Routine Management.
CN 201110184454 2011-07-04 2011-07-04 Technology for artificially cultivating maytenus tree Expired - Fee Related CN102283068B (en)

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Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102668921A (en) * 2012-05-25 2012-09-19 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 Method of cuttage propagation of Maytenus guangxiensis seedlings by shoots of Maytenus guangxiensis
CN103718694B (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-11-18 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 A kind of method promoting kwangsi mayten herb seed germination
CN103918439B (en) * 2014-03-31 2015-12-09 临沧双滢生物科技有限公司 A kind of Maytenus hookeri branch cutting method
CN104255275A (en) * 2014-10-15 2015-01-07 张家港贸安贸易有限公司 Seed propagation and seedling technology of maytenus confertiflorus
CN105875122A (en) * 2014-12-08 2016-08-24 重庆市万州区千竹园林绿化有限公司 Nursery stock planting technology
CN105123226B (en) * 2015-09-06 2018-03-13 普洱市民族传统医药研究所 A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method
CN105935036A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-09-14 安徽菲扬农业科技有限公司 Method for transplanting deciduous tree seedlings in summer
CN109302932A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-02-05 德保县广鑫贸易有限公司 A kind of cultural method keeping kwangsi mayten herb characteristic

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1981570A (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-20 上海市金山区园林管理署 Halogenic soil planting technique
CN101088318A (en) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-19 江苏正大天晴药业股份有限公司 Sexual reproduction of plant containing tripterine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1981570A (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-20 上海市金山区园林管理署 Halogenic soil planting technique
CN101088318A (en) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-19 江苏正大天晴药业股份有限公司 Sexual reproduction of plant containing tripterine

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