CN105123226B - A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to planting cultivation technique, more particularly to a kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method.A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method of the present invention, comprises the following steps：（1）, cutting bed prepare；（2）, cutting prepare；（3）, cutting transplanting；（4）, manage after rudiment；（5）, move bag practice seedling；（6）, transplanting.A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method is that cuttage seeding is soaked in low concentration NAA exogenous hormones with 1 year raw branch of Caulis Mayteni in late September to early October, make cuttings root of hair quickly, root of hair number is more, seedling stem is relatively thick, well developed root system, survival rate of seedling and efficiency are all very high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting cultivation technique, more particularly to a kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method.
Background technology
The southern regions of the Yunnan Province Caulis Mayteni Maytenus austroyunnanensis S.J.Pei et Y.H.L. are Celastraceae Caulis Mayteni
Platymiscium, be the national folks such as the Dai nationality of China, Hani be usually used in treat gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, Huppert's disease,
Lymphosarcoma, the important medicinal material of sarcomesothelioma peritoneal.With broken become silted up detumescence, anti-inflammatory analgetic, the specific function of removing pattogenic heat from the blood and toxic material from the body.The whole world
225 kinds are shared, is distributed mainly on tropical and subtropical region, China there are 12 kinds, and it is curved etc. to originate in Yunnan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, platform
Ground, it is used as medicine with root, stem, leaf, is that current production injection dianhydrogalactitol, compound maytenfolic splinter, Caulis Mayteni glue are assisted etc. and to be used to control
Treat leukaemia, breast cancer, the primary raw material for treating the famous medicine such as the proliferation of mammary gland and fibroid.For many years, wild distribution folder
First, and the long-term excavation and utilization for no reason of people, to making wild resource greatly be destroyed, and withered danger is become, market medicinal material
By 5 yuan/kilogram before 3 years, rise to the ground such as 20 yuan/kilogram, Shanghai, Guangdong market price and be up to 180 yuan/kilogram.Carry out Caulis Mayteni
Artificial growth and seedling fostering technical research and protection wild resource, tool are of great significance.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of late September to early October with 1 year raw branch of Caulis Mayteni for the above situation
Bar is that cuttage seeding is soaked in low concentration NAA exogenous hormones, make cuttings root of hair quickly, root of hair number is more, seedling stem relatively slightly, root system
Flourishing, survival rate of seedling and all very high Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method of efficiency.
A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method, comprises the following steps：
（1）, cutting bed prepare:In Pu'er, selection is leeward on the sunny side, physical features is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the soil of good water permeability is whole
Cutting bed is built in reason soil, and matrix adds carbendazim in 0.1-0.2% ratio from fresh river sand and mixes the processing that carries out disinfection thoroughly, puts down
Whole cutting bed length × a width of 6-12m × 1-1.2m, thickness 20-30cm, bottom 10-15cm are native soil, and top layer 10-15cm is base
Matter layer；
（2）, cutting prepare：Annual late September to early October, Pu'er 1 year raw branch of wild Caulis Mayteni is selected to cut
Under, 3 cuttage branches for saving one section are cut into, every cuttage branch removes following 1,2 leaf, stays a leaf otch beveling, to be cut as cutting
Mouth is smooth not to be cleaved；
（3）, cutting transplanting：Above-mentioned cutting 10 one ties up ground, first with 15-20 points of 0.5% potassium permanganate sterilization
Clock, the rear NAA immersion 2-6 hours with 10-20 ug/L, then it is inserted perpendicularly into sand bed, the depth of cuttage is the 1/3 of cutting,
Cutting line-spacing is 3cm × 3cm, and cuttage is poured permeable after terminating, and build Small plastic shed；Small plastic shed covers plastic sheeting and shade net,
Shade density is 60-70% in canopy；
（4）, manage after rudiment：After the mounted blade of cutting rudiment, a foliar fertilizer is sprayed weekly, and spray dilution every two weeks is dense
Spend for 800 times the carbendazim aqueous solution once, the temperature control in Small plastic shed is at 25-35 DEG C；It is 50- to keep cutting bed humidity
60%；
（5）, move bag practice seedling：When Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding Gen Shengqi, upper end there are 4-5 piece leaves, disease-free worm sources, soil are selected to dredge
The good detritus soil of pine, fertilizer conservation water retention property is fitted into 8cm × 10cm nutrient bag, and Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding root is transplanted into nutrition
In bag, every bag of seedling, detritus soil is attached to from sack 1-3cm, and the nutrient bag installed is arranged closely in the skewer put in order
In slotting machine, canopy being opened sooner or later and practices seedling, noon covers tightly, and humidity is 50-60% in holding nutrient bag when practicing seedling, shade density is 60- in canopy
70%；N, P, K ratio are monthly applied as 1:1:Once, mu applies 50 kilograms for 1 composite fertilizer；
（6）, transplanting：The annual 5-6 months are by the seedlings culture transferring perfected in nutrient bag to crop field.
Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method is explored：
Puer City Institute of National Tradition Pharmaceutical repeatedly carried out Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation from 2012 to 2014 in Pu'er
Experiment.
First, exogenous hormone soak time induces Caulis Mayteni cuttage branch the research of adventitious root and survival rate
Choose 1 year raw Caulis Mayteni cuttage branch, NAA（Methyl α-naphthyl acetate）、 IBA（Indolebutyric acid）It is 10ug/L to be made into concentration respectively,
Every group takes 100 to soak respectively 2 hours, and 4 hours, 6 hours, control group soaked 3 hours, and cuttage is in 65% obscurity respectively
In sand bed, culture is observed after 90 days, and it the results are shown in Table 1
Influence of the exogenous hormone soak time of table 1 to induction cuttage branch adventitious root and survival rate
Number of taking root, root long, callus rate and survival rate in table is all referring to average.It can be seen from the table existed using exogenous hormone
Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation induction adventitious root and survival rate is substantially set to improve 4-5 times in same time.NAA compares identical with IAA
NAA is more preferable than IBA effect in time.And NAA soaks 2 hours preferably, reverse side reduces Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation and induced not when long
Fixed and influence survival rate.IBA is then on the contrary, indefinite soaking the longer Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation induction of time in the range of hour time 2-6
It is stepped up with survival rate, it is best with 6 hours.
2nd, the branch age of cuttage branch is to the survival rate of Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation and the influence of adventitious root
Life in 1 year, life in 2 years and life in 3 years and each 100 flag experiment material of control group branch are selected, while prepares NAA and IBA
Each 10ug/L deals with liquid, soaks 2h, and in the sand bed of 65% obscurity, culture carries out observing its result after 90 days for cuttage respectively
It is shown in Table 2.
Influence research of the age of tree of the cuttage branch of table 2 to Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation survival rate
From Table 2, it can be seen that the survival rate of 1 year under the same conditions raw Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation branch reaches as high as
93.5%, bar number average out to 4.8/ of taking root, average root is up to 5.6cm, and 1 year branch under the conditions of upper category>2 life branches>3 life branches
Bar.
3rd, the research that Various Seasonal influences on induction adventitious root in Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation and survival rate
Respectively in January 18 2014 spring, April 16 2014 summer, 24 days July 2014 autumn, 2014 winters September 12
Day tests four groups altogether.1 year raw 200, branch is all chosen in experiment every time.The NAA that concentration is 10ug/L is dipped into handle 2 hours
Afterwards, cuttage is cultivated 90 days in the sand bed of 65% obscurity, is dug out observation, be the results are shown in Table 3.
The seasonal variety of table 3 induces Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation the influence of adventitious root and survival rate
As can be seen that whetheing there is the effect of exogenous hormone, Caulis Mayteni rest period all can not take root and survive for experiment above.Growth
The adventitious root of cuttage and seedling culture and survived all higher at the end of phase.Particularly turn of autumn and winter is best, and we were on September 12nd, 2014
In one group of experiment of cuttage, NAA processing is swashed through external source, survival rate is up to 92.5%.
4th, Caulis Mayteni Caulis Mayteni cuttage adventitious root and survival rate are influenceed under hormon the same terms
Cuttage branch selects 1 year raw branch, and hormone mainly selects NAA（Methyl α-naphthyl acetate）, IAA（Heteroauxin）, it is made into respectively
Concentration is 10,20,30ug/L, CK（Use clear water）Compare, the results are shown in Table 4.
The comparison that the hormone of the various concentrations of table 4 influences on Caulis Mayteni adventitious root and survival rate
More than experiment as can be seen that after 1 year raw branch is handled using various concentrations NAA, IAA rooting rate and cuttage survive
Rate significantly improves, and low concentration is better than high concentration, and NAA is better than IBA.But each group is all best with 10ug/L low concentration effects.1
Year raw branch uses NAA, and 10（ug/L）Survival rate just reaches 91.2.5%, and it is only 21.2-23.5% that hormone survival rate, which is not used, point
2-3 times is not improved.
Conclusion：
Caulis Mayteni cuttage most suitable late September in season to early October, Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding NAA 10 in Puer City
Ug/L handles 1 year branch highest survival rate 92.3%, and exogenous hormone is obvious to inducing adventitious root growth result.And well developed root system is grown
Gesture is preferable, is preferable Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation production ways.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, late September to early October is the suitable time of Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation, because Caulis Mayteni is evergreen medicinal plant
Thing, other season cutting plantations and survival rate are all relatively low, this and plant growing cycle, inclusion and Puer City ground temperature
Change relevant.General 1-2 month Pu'er is in low temperature season, and the gentle ground temperature of moisture is all unfavorable for plant growth；Cuttage on March 17
Because temperature gos up, the gemma in Caulis Mayteni cuttage is also sprouted quickly, and some has grown leaflet, the callus of formation and
Survival rate is all very high；It is poor to Caulis Mayteni cutting experiment in June, in its reason one side Caulis Mayteni body the nutrient of storage mainly for
To the growth of branches and leaves and the needs of result.9-10 month Fusulinid Zoning mercury dropped is arrived, air themperature and ground territory temperature all compare
Conveniently, it is easiest to survive after inserting, and the season plant sprouts, most stoppings of coming into leaves, and cylinder accumulation nutrient is more, exactly plants
Thing forms callus and the preferably season taken root, and particularly effect is more obvious in the presence of exogenous hormone.
2nd, Caulis Mayteni cutting propagation is best with 1 year raw branch, and branch vitality is more vigorous within 1 year, various nutriments
Accumulation is also relatively strong to the drag of extraneous poor environment to also more.Therefore, annotinous branch make cuttage branch survival rate can be high
Up to 93.5%, and well developed root system, growth are vigorous.
3rd, low concentration NAA exogenous hormones can significantly improve U.S.A and step on the survival rate of cuttage and promote the growth of adventitious root, because
Exogenous hormone can significantly improve the survival rate of plant cuttage seeding and promote the growth of adventitious root, still, it with hormone kind, it is dense
Degree, branch age are relevant with season.The excellent IBA processing of NAA as can be seen from the experiment, low concentration are better than high concentration.
4th, using first sand bed root of hair, then cultivated with nutrient bag, the survival rate and efficiency of nursery are all very high, and nursery is transplanted
Efficiency high.Compared with traditional cuttage seedling raising method, have cuttings root of hair quickly, root of hair number is more, seedling stem relatively slightly, well developed root system.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, with reference to embodiment to institute of the present invention
A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method stated is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method, comprises the following steps：
（1）, cutting bed prepare:In Pu'er, selection is leeward on the sunny side, physical features is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the soil of good water permeability is whole
Cutting bed is built in reason soil, and matrix adds carbendazim in 0.1% ratio from fresh river sand and mixes the processing that carries out disinfection, smooth skewer thoroughly
Slotting machine length × a width of 6m × 1m, thickness 20cm, bottom 10-15cm are native soil, and top layer 10-15cm is hypothallus；
（2）, cutting prepare：The September of 2012 22 days, select Pu'er 1 year raw branch of wild Caulis Mayteni to cut, be cut into 3
The cuttage branch of individual one section of section, every cuttage branch remove following 1,2 leaf, and staying a leaf, otch beveling, smooth cut is not as cutting
Splitting；
（3）, cutting transplanting：Above-mentioned cutting 10 one ties up ground, first sterilized 15 minutes with 0.5% potassium permanganate, after
Soaked 2 hours with 10 ug/L NAA, be then inserted perpendicularly into sand bed, the depth of cuttage is the 1/3 of cutting, and cutting line-spacing is
3cm × 3cm, cuttage are poured permeable after terminating, and build Small plastic shed；Small plastic shed covers plastic sheeting and shade net, shade density in canopy
For 60%；
（4）, manage after rudiment：After the mounted blade of cutting rudiment, a foliar fertilizer is sprayed weekly, and spray dilution every two weeks is dense
Spend for 800 times the carbendazim aqueous solution once, the temperature control in Small plastic shed is at 25-35 DEG C；It is 50- to keep cutting bed humidity
60%；
（5）, move bag practice seedling：When Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding Gen Shengqi, upper end there are 4-5 piece leaves, disease-free worm sources, soil are selected to dredge
The good detritus soil of pine, fertilizer conservation water retention property is fitted into 8cm × 10cm nutrient bag, and Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding root is transplanted into nutrition
In bag, every bag of seedling, detritus soil is attached to from sack 1-3cm, and the nutrient bag installed is arranged closely in the skewer put in order
In slotting machine, canopy to be opened sooner or later and practices seedling, noon covers tightly, and humidity is 50-60% in holding nutrient bag when practicing seedling, shade density is 60% in canopy,
N, P, K ratio are monthly applied as 1:1:Once, mu applies 50 kilograms for 1 composite fertilizer；
（6）, transplanting：On May 5th, 2013 is by the seedlings culture transferring perfected in nutrient bag to crop field.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method, comprises the following steps：
（1）, cutting bed prepare:In Pu'er, selection is leeward on the sunny side, physical features is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the soil of good water permeability is whole
Cutting bed is built in reason soil, and matrix adds carbendazim in 0.15% ratio from fresh river sand and mixes the processing that carries out disinfection, smooth skewer thoroughly
Slotting machine length × a width of 9m × 1.1m, thickness 25cm, bottom 13cm are native soil, and top layer 12cm is hypothallus；
（2）, cutting prepare：The September of 2013 28 days, select Pu'er 1 year raw branch of wild Caulis Mayteni to cut, be cut into 3
The cuttage branch of individual one section of section, every cuttage branch remove following 1,2 leaf, and staying a leaf, otch beveling, smooth cut is not as cutting
Splitting；
（3）, cutting transplanting：Above-mentioned cutting 10 one ties up ground, first sterilized 18 minutes with 0.5% potassium permanganate, after
Soaked 4 hours with 15 ug/L NAA, be then inserted perpendicularly into sand bed, the depth of cuttage is the 1/3 of cutting, and cutting line-spacing is
3cm × 3cm, cuttage are poured permeable after terminating, and build Small plastic shed；Small plastic shed covers plastic sheeting and shade net, shade density in canopy
For 65%；
（4）, manage after rudiment：After the mounted blade of cutting rudiment, a foliar fertilizer is sprayed weekly, and spray dilution every two weeks is dense
Spend for 800 times the carbendazim aqueous solution once, the temperature control in Small plastic shed is at 25-35 DEG C；It is 50- to keep cutting bed humidity
60%；
（5）, move bag practice seedling：When Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding Gen Shengqi, upper end there are 4-5 piece leaves, disease-free worm sources, soil are selected to dredge
The good detritus soil of pine, fertilizer conservation water retention property is fitted into 8cm × 10cm nutrient bag, and Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding root is transplanted into nutrition
In bag, every bag of seedling, detritus soil is attached to from sack 1-3cm, and the nutrient bag installed is arranged closely in the skewer put in order
In slotting machine, canopy being opened sooner or later and practices seedling, noon covers tightly, and humidity is 50-60% in holding nutrient bag when practicing seedling, shade density is 65% in canopy；
N, P, K ratio are monthly applied as 1:1:Once, mu applies 50 kilograms for 1 composite fertilizer；
（6）, transplanting：On May 28th, 2014 is by the seedlings culture transferring perfected in nutrient bag to crop field.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method, comprises the following steps：
（1）, cutting bed prepare:In Pu'er, selection is leeward on the sunny side, physical features is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the soil of good water permeability is whole
Cutting bed is built in reason soil, and matrix adds carbendazim in 0.2% ratio from fresh river sand and mixes the processing that carries out disinfection, smooth skewer thoroughly
Slotting machine length × a width of 12m × 1.2m, thickness 30cm, bottom 15cm are native soil, and top layer 15cm is hypothallus；
（2）, cutting prepare：On the October of 2014 5, select Pu'er 1 year raw branch of wild Caulis Mayteni to cut, be cut into 3
The cuttage branch of individual one section of section, every cuttage branch remove following 1,2 leaf, and staying a leaf, otch beveling, smooth cut is not as cutting
Splitting；
（3）, cutting transplanting：Above-mentioned cutting 10 one ties up ground, first sterilized 20 minutes with 0.5% potassium permanganate, after
Soaked 6 hours with 20 ug/L NAA, be then inserted perpendicularly into sand bed, the depth of cuttage is the 1/3 of cutting, cutting line-spacing
For 3cm × 3cm, cuttage is poured permeable after terminating, and build Small plastic shed；Small plastic shed covers plastic sheeting and shade net, shelters from heat or light in canopy
Spend for 70%；
（4）, manage after rudiment：After the mounted blade of cutting rudiment, a foliar fertilizer is sprayed weekly, and spray dilution every two weeks is dense
Spend for 800 times the carbendazim aqueous solution once, the temperature control in Small plastic shed is at 25-35 DEG C；It is 50- to keep cutting bed humidity
60%；
（5）, move bag practice seedling：When Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding Gen Shengqi, upper end there are 4-5 piece leaves, disease-free worm sources, soil are selected to dredge
The good detritus soil of pine, fertilizer conservation water retention property is fitted into 8cm × 10cm nutrient bag, and Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding root is transplanted into nutrition
In bag, every bag of seedling, detritus soil is attached to from sack 1-3cm, and the nutrient bag installed is arranged closely in the skewer put in order
In slotting machine, canopy being opened sooner or later and practices seedling, noon covers tightly, and humidity is 50-60% in holding nutrient bag when practicing seedling, shade density is 70% in canopy；
N, P, K ratio are monthly applied as 1:1:Once, mu applies 50 kilograms for 1 composite fertilizer；
（6）, transplanting：On June 20th, 2015 is by the seedlings culture transferring perfected in nutrient bag to crop field.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）, cutting bed prepare:In Pu'er, selection is leeward on the sunny side, physical features is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the consolidation of good water permeability soil
Cutting bed is built on ground, and matrix adds carbendazim in 0.1-0.2% ratio from fresh river sand and mixes the processing that carries out disinfection, smooth skewer thoroughly
Slotting machine length × a width of 6-12m × 1-1.2m, thickness 20-30cm, bottom 10-15cm are native soil, and top layer 10-15cm is matrix
Layer；
（2）, cutting prepare：Annual late September to early October, select Pu'er 1 year raw branch of wild Caulis Mayteni to cut, cut
Into the cuttage branch of 3 one section of sections, every cuttage branch removes following 1,2 leaf, stays a leaf as cutting；
（3）, cutting transplanting：Above-mentioned cutting 10 one ties up ground, first sterilizes 15-20 minutes with 0.5% potassium permanganate, after
2-6 hours are soaked with 10-20 ug/L NAA, are inserted into sand bed, cutting line-spacing is 3cm × 3cm, and cuttage is poured after terminating
It is permeable, and build Small plastic shed；Small plastic shed covers plastic sheeting and shade net, and shade density is 60-70% in canopy；
（4）, manage after rudiment：After the mounted blade of cutting rudiment, a foliar fertilizer is sprayed weekly, and spraying diluted concentration every two weeks is
Once, the temperature control in Small plastic shed is at 25-35 DEG C for 800 times of the carbendazim aqueous solution；It is 50-60% to keep cutting bed humidity；
（5）, move bag practice seedling：When there are 4-5 piece leaves Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding Gen Shengqi, upper end, select disease-free worm sources, loosing soil,
The good detritus soil of fertilizer conservation water retention property is fitted into 8cm × 10cm nutrient bag, and Caulis Mayteni cuttage seeding root is transplanted into nutrient bag
In, every bag of seedling, detritus soil is attached to from sack 1-3cm, and the nutrient bag installed is arranged closely in the cuttage put in order
In bed, canopy being opened sooner or later and practices seedling, noon covers tightly, and humidity is 50-60% in holding nutrient bag when practicing seedling, shade density is 60-70% in canopy；
N, P, K ratio are monthly applied as 1:1:Once, mu applies 50 kilograms for 1 composite fertilizer；
（6）, transplanting：The annual 5-6 months are by the seedlings culture transferring perfected in nutrient bag to crop field.
2. a kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cutting otch beveling, cut
Mouth is smooth not to be cleaved.
3. a kind of Caulis Mayteni cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the cutting is inserted perpendicularly into
In sand bed, the depth of cuttage is the 1/3 of cutting.
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| CN106034958A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-26 | 辽宁大学 | Planting method for prunus wilsonii in cold region |
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| CN103918439A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-16 | 临沧双滢生物科技有限公司 | Maytenus hookeri branch cutting method |
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| CN101156527A (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2008-04-09 | 屏边苗族自治县生物资源开发创新办公室 | Neuter breed cultivation method for fibraurea recisa pierre |
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