CN109429876A - A kind of tea tree planting method - Google Patents
A kind of tea tree planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109429876A CN109429876A CN201811518869.XA CN201811518869A CN109429876A CN 109429876 A CN109429876 A CN 109429876A CN 201811518869 A CN201811518869 A CN 201811518869A CN 109429876 A CN109429876 A CN 109429876A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of tea tree planting method, including selects soil property fertile, and well-drained sand loam, aeration, water penetration or water storage performance are good, 1%~2% or more the content of organic matter, acidity-basicity ph value 4.5~6.5；Water draining and accumulating system is established while site preparation；In the ranks, centre opens up ditch basal dressing in the ranks, and being expert to dig between row has channel to apply fertilizer to the subsoil；Tea shoot is planted in ditch, bankets to fibrous root is not revealed, gently mentions tea shoot with hand, is compacted；It watered after plantation every 7~8 days；After plantation 2~3 months, the additional compound fertilizer in channel, then covered channel with surface dust, while according to growth of tea plant needs, root outer spraying soluble nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, rare earth, microelement and growth regulator；Growth period insect-pest.The present invention makes the high survival rate of tea tree, can not only improve yield, moreover it is possible to promote tea leaf quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of tea tree.
Background technique
Tea tree, original name: tea, Latin literary fame: Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Ktze., Theaceae, Camellia shrub
Or dungarunga, spray are hairless.Leaf keratin, oblong or ellipse.The leaf of tea tree can tea making (being different from tea oil tree), seed can
With oil expression, tea tree material is fine and closely woven, and wood can be used for carving.Distribution is concentrated mainly between 16 degree to 30 degree of north latitude of south latitude, tea tree
Like warm and moist weather, bud starts to sprout at 10 DEG C of temperature on average or more, and growth optimum temperature is 20~25 DEG C；Annual precipitation
It will be at 1000 millimeters or more；Light-loving and shade-tolerating, suitable for being given birth under diffused light；All one's life is divided into Seedling Stage, brephic, manhood and declines
The old phase.The age of tree was up to 100 or two hundred years, but economic age is generally 40~50 years.
The tea tree planting in China is with a long history, and traditional tea tree planting usually passes through the strain for increasing plant tea tree per acre as far as possible
It counts to improve the per mu yield yield of tealeaves, so that the growing space of every plant of tea tree be made to become smaller, tea growth is restricted, liquid manure supply
It is extremely difficult to balance, the tea place deterioration of the ecological environment is serious, and tea leaf quality is difficult to ensure, organic tea is one kind according to organic agriculture
The tealeaves that the method for industry is produced and processed.In its production process, do not apply completely any artificial synthesized chemical fertilizer, pesticide,
The production of the substances such as plant growth regulator, chemical food additive.It is obtained according to the practical experience of existing organic tea cultivation technique
Know, due to avoiding using the effective chemical fertilizer and pesticide arrived in the cultivation of organic tea, so that organic tea is during the growth process
That there are growing ways is bad, yield is slightly lower, and the halfway problem of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control occurs, and then influences the economic effect of organic tea plantation
Benefit is especially not mature enough to what soil disinfection and this part of pest control were done；In addition, existing organic tea is in planting process
In land utilization ratio it is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of tea tree planting method, so that tea tree planting high survival rate,
Yield can not only be improved, moreover it is possible to promote tea leaf quality.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs: a kind of 1. tea tree planting methods, it is special
Sign is, which comprises the following steps:
Select to S1, tea: selection soil property is fertile, and soil layer thickness is up to 1 meter or more not containing limestone serous, well-drained chiltern earth
Soil, 1%~2% or more the content of organic matter, aeration, water penetration or water storage performance are good, acidity-basicity ph value 4.5~6.5, soil slope
Degree is less than 20 °, and ground line gradient builds step tea place, terraced wall height control is within 1.5 meters at 10 ° or more；
S2, site preparation: carrying out farming for soil, and depth of turning soil is 25~35cm, and width is 25~35cm, and line space is 90~
110cm；Establish water draining and accumulating system simultaneously: isolating trenches, deep 70~100cm, wide 60~80cm is arranged in tea place surrounding；Every 40 in garden
~50 meters of horizontal ditches of setting, deep 60~70cm, wide 50~60cm；Vertical ditch, deep 70~80cm, wide 60~70cm are set by road；
Horizontal ditch connects with vertical ditch, and joint sets desilting water hole；
S3, basal dressing: in the ranks, centre opens up ditch in the ranks, and in the ranks 20~30cm of ditch depth, wide 30~40cm are in the ranks
The bottom of ditch pours base manure, applies 5~l0 of farm organic fertilizer tons per acre；10~15cm soil layer is covered again, waters a small amount of clear water, day
It shines 8~10 days；
S4, apply fertilizer to the subsoil: being expert at the channel for digging between row and having 55~65cm depth, and solid-state base fertilizer, ditch are placed in channel
Plank is placed on road；
S5, plantation: the device tea shoot in ditch, clump are filled with the surface dust of 15~20cm away from for 25~40cm, banket to not revealing palpus
Root gently mentions tea shoot with hand, compacting；
S6, watering: it watered after plantation every 7~8 days；
S7, top dressing: after plantation 2~3 months, the additional compound fertilizer in channel, then covered channel with surface dust, while basis
Growth of tea plant needs, root outer spraying soluble nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, rare earth, microelement and growth regulator.
Further, the invention also includes step S8, insect-pest: including:
Anti- Euproctis pseudoconspersa, 1. autumn and winter clear garden, extracts pieces of an egg；2. attracting moths with lamps, egg laying amount is reduced；3. applying Euproctis pseudoconspersa caryogram
Polyhedrosis virus, artificial trichogramma releases；
Anti- tea geometrid, 1. Protect natural enemies；②Qing go out in garden pupa, ridging pupa killing；
The anti-beautiful line weevil of tea, 1. tea place volt is ploughed and autumn end ploughs；2. carrying out manual catching and killing using the seemingly-dead property of adult；
1. anti-false eye leafhopper is picked in batches in time；2. Protect natural enemies；
1. anti-pink tea rust mite is picked in batches in time；2. autumn end combines clear garden to seal garden with 0.5 Baume degrees lime sulfur.
Further, farmers' described in the step S3 has base manure to be grouped as by following weight: 10 parts of sugar residues, 20 portions of chickens
Excrement, 10 parts of pine sawdusts, 6 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of pig manures, 15 parts of corn stovers, 12 parts of maize cob meals, stir evenly.
Further, base fertilizer includes following components by weight percent in the S4: 12 parts of plant ash, 23 parts of stalk fermentation objects, 43 parts
Cornstalk, 22 parts of decomposed soil, 11 parts of biogas slurries, 6 parts of soybean cake dregs, stir evenly.
The present invention provides a kind of tea tree planting methods, make suitable disposition in the links of tea tree planting, make tea tree
High survival rate, yield is high, especially first carries out base manure and base fertilizer applies, additional multiple in channel after plantation 2~3 months
Hefei can not only improve yield, moreover it is possible to promote tealeaves product so that utilization rate of fertilizer is high, while focusing on effectively preventing insect pest
Matter.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of tea tree planting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) select to tea: soil property is fertile for selection, soil layer is thick up to 1 meter or more not containing limestone serous, well-drained chiltern earth
Soil, 2% or more the content of organic matter, aeration, water penetration or water storage performance are good, and the area that soil pH value is 5.5 is as tea place, soil
The ground gradient is less than 10 °.
(2) soil site preparation: is subjected to farming, depth of turning soil 25cm, width 25cm, line space 90cm；It builds simultaneously
Vertical water draining and accumulating system: isolating trenches, deep 70cm, wide 80cm is arranged in tea place surrounding；Every 40 meters of horizontal ditches of setting in garden, deep 60cm,
Wide 50cm；Vertical ditch, deep 70cm, wide 60cm are set by road；Horizontal ditch connects with vertical ditch, and joint sets desilting water hole.
(3) basal dressing: in the ranks, centre opens up ditch in the ranks, and the be expert at bottom of inter-drain of deep 20cm, width 30cm pours base
Fertilizer applies 5 tons of farm organic fertilizer per acre；The farmers' has base manure to be grouped as by following weight: 10 parts of sugar residues, 20 parts of chicken manures, 10
Part pine sawdust, 6 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of pig manures, 15 parts of corn stovers, 12 parts of maize cob meals, stir evenly.It is poured in ditch bottom
Base manure, then cover 10cm soil layer, waters a small amount of clear water, and solarization 7 days.
(4) it applies fertilizer to the subsoil: being expert to dig between row and have the channel of 50cm depth, be placed with solid-state base fertilizer in channel, on channel
It is placed with plank.Base fertilizer includes following components by weight percent: 12 parts of plant ash, 23 parts of stalk fermentation objects, 43 parts of cornstalks, 22 parts it is decomposed
Soil, 11 parts of biogas slurries, 6 parts of soybean cake dregs, stir evenly.
(5) plant: the device tea shoot in ditch, clump are filled with the surface dust of 10cm, banket to fibrous root is not revealed, use hand away from for 20cm
Tea shoot gently is mentioned, is compacted.
(6) it waters: watering after plantation every 7 days.
(7) top dressing: after plantation 2 months, the additional compound fertilizer in channel, then covered channel with surface dust.
(8), insect-pest: include:
Anti- Euproctis pseudoconspersa, 1. autumn and winter clear garden, extracts pieces of an egg；2. attracting moths with lamps, egg laying amount is reduced；3. applying Euproctis pseudoconspersa caryogram
Polyhedrosis virus, artificial trichogramma releases；
Anti- tea geometrid, 1. Protect natural enemies；②Qing go out in garden pupa, ridging pupa killing；
The anti-beautiful line weevil of tea, 1. tea place volt is ploughed and autumn end ploughs；2. carrying out manual catching and killing using the seemingly-dead property of adult；
1. anti-false eye leafhopper is picked in batches in time；2. Protect natural enemies；
1. anti-pink tea rust mite is picked in batches in time；2. autumn end combines clear garden to seal garden with 0.5 Baume degrees lime sulfur.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of tea tree planting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) select to tea: selection soil property is fertile, and soil layer thickness is up to 1 meter or more not containing limestone serous, well-drained chiltern earth
Soil, well-drained sand loam, aeration, water penetration or water storage performance are good, and the area that soil pH value is 6 is as tea place, soil
15 ° of the ground gradient, step tea place is built, terraced wall height control is at 1.3 meters.
(2) soil site preparation: is subjected to farming, depth of turning soil 35cm, width 25cm, line space 110cm；It builds simultaneously
Vertical water draining and accumulating system: isolating trenches are arranged in tea place surrounding, 100 centimetres deep, 70 centimetres wide；It is deep every 50 meters of horizontal ditches of setting in garden
It is 70 centimetres, 60 centimetres wide；Vertical ditch is set by road, it is 80 centimetres deep, it is 70 centimetres wide；Horizontal ditch connects with vertical ditch, and joint is set
Desilting water hole.
(3) basal dressing: in the ranks, centre opens up ditch in the ranks, in the ranks the bottom of ditch depth 30cm, wide 40 centimetres of inter-drains of being expert at
Layer pours base manure, applies farm organic fertilizer l0 tons per acre；The farmers' has base manure to be grouped as by following weight: 10 parts of sugar residues, 20
Part chicken manure, 10 parts of pine sawdusts, 6 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of pig manures, 15 parts of corn stovers, 12 parts of maize cob meals, stir evenly.Again
13cm soil layer is covered, waters a small amount of clear water, solarization 10 days.
(4) it applies fertilizer to the subsoil: being expert to dig between row and have the channel of 60cm depth, be placed with solid-state base fertilizer in channel, on channel
It is placed with plank.Base fertilizer includes following components by weight percent: 12 parts of plant ash, 23 parts of stalk fermentation objects, 43 parts of cornstalks, 22 parts it is decomposed
Soil, 11 parts of biogas slurries, 6 parts of soybean cake dregs, stir evenly.
(5) plant: the device tea shoot in ditch, clump are filled with the surface dust of 15cm, banket to fibrous root is not revealed, use hand away from for 40cm
Tea shoot gently is mentioned, is compacted.
(6) it waters: watering after plantation every 8 days.
(7) top dressing: after plantation 3 months, the additional compound fertilizer in channel, then covered channel with surface dust.
(8) insect-pest: include:
Anti- Euproctis pseudoconspersa, 1. autumn and winter clear garden, extracts pieces of an egg；2. attracting moths with lamps, egg laying amount is reduced；3. applying Euproctis pseudoconspersa caryogram
Polyhedrosis virus, artificial trichogramma releases；
Anti- tea geometrid, 1. Protect natural enemies；②Qing go out in garden pupa, ridging pupa killing；
The anti-beautiful line weevil of tea, 1. tea place volt is ploughed and autumn end ploughs；2. carrying out manual catching and killing using the seemingly-dead property of adult；
1. anti-false eye leafhopper is picked in batches in time；2. Protect natural enemies；
1. anti-pink tea rust mite is picked in batches in time；2. autumn end combines clear garden to seal garden with 0.5 Baume degrees lime sulfur.
, insect-pest: include:
Anti- Euproctis pseudoconspersa, 1. autumn and winter clear garden, extracts pieces of an egg；2. attracting moths with lamps, egg laying amount is reduced；3. applying Euproctis pseudoconspersa caryogram
Polyhedrosis virus, artificial trichogramma releases；
Anti- tea geometrid, 1. Protect natural enemies；②Qing go out in garden pupa, ridging pupa killing；
The anti-beautiful line weevil of tea, 1. tea place volt is ploughed and autumn end ploughs；2. carrying out manual catching and killing using the seemingly-dead property of adult；
1. anti-false eye leafhopper is picked in batches in time；2. Protect natural enemies；
1. anti-pink tea rust mite is picked in batches in time；2. autumn end combines clear garden to seal garden with 0.5 Baume degrees lime sulfur.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of tea tree planting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) select to tea: selection soil property is fertile, and soil layer thickness is up to 1 meter or more not containing limestone serous, well-drained chiltern earth
Soil, well-drained sand loam, aeration, water penetration or water storage performance are good, the area that soil pH value is 4.5 as tea place,
20 ° of the soil gradient, step tea place is built, terraced wall height control is at 1.5 meters.
(2) soil site preparation: is subjected to farming, depth of turning soil 30cm, width 30cm, line space 100cm；It builds simultaneously
Vertical water draining and accumulating system: isolating trenches are arranged in tea place surrounding, 80 centimetres deep, 60 centimetres wide；Horizontal ditches, deeply 60 are set in garden every 45 meters
Centimetre, it is 50 centimetres wide；Vertical ditch is set by road, it is 70 centimetres deep, it is 60 centimetres wide；Horizontal ditch connects with vertical ditch, and joint sets heavy
Husky water hole.
(3) basal dressing: in the ranks, centre opens up ditch in the ranks, in the ranks the bottom of ditch depth 25cm, wide 35 centimetres of inter-drains of being expert at
Layer pours base manure, applies 8 tons of farm organic fertilizer per acre；The farmers' has base manure to be grouped as by following weight: 10 parts of sugar residues, 20 parts
Chicken manure, 10 parts of pine sawdusts, 6 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of pig manures, 15 parts of corn stovers, 12 parts of maize cob meals, stir evenly.It covers again
Upper 13cm soil layer, waters a small amount of clear water, and solarization 10 days.
(4) it applies fertilizer to the subsoil: being expert to dig between row and have the channel of 65cm depth, be placed with solid-state base fertilizer in channel, on channel
It is placed with plank.Base fertilizer includes following components by weight percent: 12 parts of plant ash, 23 parts of stalk fermentation objects, 43 parts of cornstalks, 22 parts it is decomposed
Soil, 11 parts of biogas slurries, 6 parts of soybean cake dregs, stir evenly.
(5) plant: the device tea shoot in ditch, clump are filled with the surface dust of 18cm, banket to fibrous root is not revealed, use hand away from for 30cm
Tea shoot gently is mentioned, is compacted.
(6) it waters: watering after plantation every 8 days.
(7) top dressing: after plantation 3 months, the additional compound fertilizer in channel, then covered channel with surface dust.
(8) insect-pest: include:
Anti- Euproctis pseudoconspersa, 1. autumn and winter clear garden, extracts pieces of an egg；2. attracting moths with lamps, egg laying amount is reduced；3. applying Euproctis pseudoconspersa caryogram
Polyhedrosis virus, artificial trichogramma releases；
Anti- tea geometrid, 1. Protect natural enemies；②Qing go out in garden pupa, ridging pupa killing；
The anti-beautiful line weevil of tea, 1. tea place volt is ploughed and autumn end ploughs；2. carrying out manual catching and killing using the seemingly-dead property of adult；
1. anti-false eye leafhopper is picked in batches in time；2. Protect natural enemies；
1. anti-pink tea rust mite is picked in batches in time；2. autumn end combines clear garden to seal garden with 0.5 Baume degrees lime sulfur.
Test
It is carried out by the data of the embodiment 1-3 tea tree planting method recorded, and with the common tea tree planting method record in market
Comparison.Test result is as follows:
Test proves: method provided by the present invention makes tea tree planting high survival rate, and yield is high, first carries out base manure and bottom
Fertilizer applies, and after plantation 2~3 months, the additional compound fertilizer in channel, so that utilization rate of fertilizer is high, the fertilizer of use makes organic
Fertilizer, the tealeaves tea leaf quality planted are good.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of tea tree planting method, which comprises the following steps:
Select to S1, tea: selection soil property is fertile, and up to 1 meter or more, containing limestone serous, well-drained sand loam do not lead to soil layer thickness
Gas, water penetration or water storage performance are good, 1%~2% or more the content of organic matter, acidity-basicity ph value 4.5~6.5, and the soil gradient is small
In 20 °, and ground line gradient builds step tea place, terraced wall height control is within 1.5 meters at 10 ° or more；
S2, site preparation: carrying out farming for soil, and depth of turning soil is 25~35cm, and width is 25~35cm, and line space is 90~
110cm；Establish water draining and accumulating system simultaneously: isolating trenches, deep 70~100cm, wide 60~80cm is arranged in tea place surrounding；Every 40 in garden
~50 meters of horizontal ditches of setting, deep 60~70cm, wide 50~60cm；Vertical ditch, deep 70~80cm, wide 60~70cm are set by road；
Horizontal ditch connects with vertical ditch, and joint sets desilting water hole；
S3, basal dressing: in the ranks, centre opens up ditch in the ranks, and in the ranks 20~30cm of ditch depth, wide 30~40cm are expert at inter-drain
Bottom pours base manure, applies 5~l0 of farm organic fertilizer tons per acre；10~15cm soil layer is covered again, waters a small amount of clear water, solarization 8
~10 days；
S4, it applies fertilizer to the subsoil: being expert to dig between row and have the channel of 55~65cm depth, be placed with solid-state base fertilizer in channel, on channel
It is placed with plank；
S5, plantation: the device tea shoot in ditch, clump are filled with the surface dust of 15~20cm away from for 25~40cm, banket to not revealing fibrous root,
Tea shoot is gently mentioned with hand, is compacted；
S6, watering: it watered after plantation every 7~8 days；
S7, top dressing: after plantation 2~3 months, the additional compound fertilizer in channel, then covered channel with surface dust, while according to tea tree
Growth needs, root outer spraying soluble nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, rare earth, microelement and growth regulator.
2. a kind of tea tree planting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
S8, insect-pest: include:
Anti- Euproctis pseudoconspersa, 1. autumn and winter clear garden, extracts pieces of an egg；2. attracting moths with lamps, egg laying amount is reduced；3. polygonal using Euproctis pseudoconspersa caryogram
Precursor virus, artificial trichogramma releases；
Anti- tea geometrid, 1. Protect natural enemies；②Qing go out in garden pupa, ridging pupa killing；
The anti-beautiful line weevil of tea, 1. tea place volt is ploughed and autumn end ploughs；2. carrying out manual catching and killing using the seemingly-dead property of adult；
1. anti-false eye leafhopper is picked in batches in time；2. Protect natural enemies；
1. anti-pink tea rust mite is picked in batches in time；2. autumn end combines clear garden to seal garden with 0.5 Baume degrees lime sulfur.
3. a kind of tea tree planting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that there is base manure in farmers' described in the step S3
Be grouped as by following weight: 10 parts of sugar residues, 20 parts of chicken manures, 10 parts of pine sawdusts, 6 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of pig manures, 15 parts of corn stovers,
12 parts of maize cob meals, stir evenly.
4. tea tree planting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that base fertilizer includes following components by weight percent in the S4:
12 parts of plant ash, 23 parts of stalk fermentation objects, 43 parts of cornstalks, 22 parts of decomposed soil, 11 parts of biogas slurries, 6 parts of soybean cake dregs, stir evenly
It forms.
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| CN114467608A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏洪廷生态农业科技有限公司 | Tea cultivation and fertilization method capable of preventing insect damage and improving color |
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