CN101795576B - 具有高可可多酚含量和改善的风味的食用产品和其中所用的磨碎的可可提取物 - Google Patents
具有高可可多酚含量和改善的风味的食用产品和其中所用的磨碎的可可提取物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101795576B CN101795576B CN200880103750.4A CN200880103750A CN101795576B CN 101795576 B CN101795576 B CN 101795576B CN 200880103750 A CN200880103750 A CN 200880103750A CN 101795576 B CN101795576 B CN 101795576B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cocoa
- grinding
- chocolate
- microns
- extract
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 391
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 271
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229940119429 cocoa extract Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 137
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000019220 whole milk chocolate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019606 astringent taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-ZFWWWQNUSA-N (+)-epicatechin Natural products C1([C@@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-ZFWWWQNUSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-UKRRQHHQSA-N (-)-epicatechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-UKRRQHHQSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019221 dark chocolate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012734 epicatechin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- LPTRNLNOHUVQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N epicatechin Natural products Cc1cc(O)cc2OC(C(O)Cc12)c1ccc(O)c(O)c1 LPTRNLNOHUVQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019222 white chocolate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018927 edible plant Nutrition 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 127
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 127
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 56
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 42
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 42
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 30
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 30
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 19
- -1 sterol ester Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 235000019580 granularity Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 14
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 14
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000009499 Vanilla fragrans Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000012036 Vanilla tahitensis Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 9
- MIDXCONKKJTLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione Chemical compound CC1CC(C)C(=O)C1=O MIDXCONKKJTLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013736 caramel Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000007910 chewable tablet Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000015145 nougat Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 7
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000014852 L-arginine Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229930064664 L-arginine Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000015927 pasta Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 235000011962 puddings Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Sitostanol Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000021243 milk fat Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000005764 Theobroma cacao ssp. cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000005767 Theobroma cacao ssp. sphaerocarpum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000290333 Vanilla fragrans Species 0.000 description 5
- 244000263375 Vanilla tahitensis Species 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000012467 brownies Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000001046 cacaotero Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000019879 cocoa butter substitute Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920002414 procyanidin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 108010011485 Aspartame Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000007558 Avena sp Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Polydextrose Polymers OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)O1 DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CWEZAWNPTYBADX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Procyanidin Natural products OC1C(OC2C(O)C(Oc3c2c(O)cc(O)c3C4C(O)C(Oc5cc(O)cc(O)c45)c6ccc(O)c(O)c6)c7ccc(O)c(O)c7)c8c(O)cc(O)cc8OC1c9ccc(O)c(O)c9 CWEZAWNPTYBADX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001047198 Scomberomorus semifasciatus Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000605 aspartame Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010357 aspartame Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N aspartame Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960003438 aspartame Drugs 0.000 description 4
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 235000013569 fruit product Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000010958 polyglycerol polyricinoleate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003996 polyglycerol polyricinoleate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-(24xi)-24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)C=CC(C)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-Dehydrostigmasterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)C=CC(CC)C(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000014698 Brassica juncea var multisecta Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000006618 Brassica rapa subsp oleifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000188595 Brassica sinapistrum Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010008190 Cerebrovascular accident Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HZYXFRGVBOPPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD88870 Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)=CCC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 HZYXFRGVBOPPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000020303 café frappé Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014510 cooky Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007407 health benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021487 ready-to-eat food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N sitosterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N stigmasterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)/C=C/[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940032091 stigmasterol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000016831 stigmasterol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N stigmasterol Natural products CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCCC2C3CC=C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(C)C BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VPUBHVLGSA-N (-)-beta-Sitosterol Natural products O[C@@H]1CC=2[C@@](C)([C@@H]3[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@H](CC[C@@H](C(C)C)CC)C)CC4)CC3)CC=2)CC1 KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VPUBHVLGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSVWWLUMXNHWSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-(24xi)-24-ethyl-5alpha-cholest-22-en-3beta-ol Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)C=CC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 CSVWWLUMXNHWSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2R,2'R,3R,3'R,4R)-3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavan(48)-3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavan Natural products C=12OC(C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)C(O)CC2=C(O)C=C(O)C=1C(C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O1)C(O)C1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JPFCOVZKLAXXOE-XBNSMERZSA-N (3r)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-[(2r,3r,4r)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromene-3,5,7-triol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=C(O)C=C1C1[C@H](O)CC(C(O)=CC(O)=C2[C@H]3C4=C(O)C=C(O)C=C4O[C@@H]([C@@H]3O)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)=C2O1 JPFCOVZKLAXXOE-XBNSMERZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUFKRGBSZPCGQB-FLBSXDLDSA-N (3s)-3-amino-4-oxo-4-[[(2r)-1-oxo-1-[(2,2,4,4-tetramethylthietan-3-yl)amino]propan-2-yl]amino]butanoic acid;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)NC1C(C)(C)SC1(C)C.OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)NC1C(C)(C)SC1(C)C NUFKRGBSZPCGQB-FLBSXDLDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 1-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KLEXDBGYSOIREE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 24xi-n-propylcholesterol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(CCC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 KLEXDBGYSOIREE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 2
- WBZFUFAFFUEMEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acesulfame k Chemical compound [K+].CC1=CC(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)O1 WBZFUFAFFUEMEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004377 Alitame Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-FGAXOLDCSA-N Campesterol Natural products O[C@@H]1CC=2[C@@](C)([C@@H]3[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@H](CC[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC4)CC3)CC=2)CC1 SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-FGAXOLDCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000522254 Cassia Species 0.000 description 2
- LPZCCMIISIBREI-MTFRKTCUSA-N Citrostadienol Natural products CC=C(CC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2C3=CC[C@H]4[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C)C(C)C LPZCCMIISIBREI-MTFRKTCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARVGMISWLZPBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydro-beta-sitosterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)CCC(CC)C(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 ARVGMISWLZPBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 2
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004378 Glycyrrhizin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004373 HOAc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BTEISVKTSQLKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N Haliclonasterol Natural products CC(C=CC(C)C(C)(C)C)C1CCC2C3=CC=C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C BTEISVKTSQLKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000003820 Lipoxygenases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000128 Lipoxygenases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001100 Polydextrose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001991 Proanthocyanidin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-FWCKPOPSSA-N Procyanidin C2 Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](c2cc(O)c(O)cc2)Oc2c([C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](c4cc(O)c(O)cc4)Oc4c3c(O)cc(O)c4)c(O)cc(O)c2[C@@H]1c1c(O)cc(O)c2c1O[C@@H]([C@H](O)C2)c1cc(O)c(O)cc1 MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-FWCKPOPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 102000004005 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000459 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Chemical compound C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000082988 Secale cereale Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000228451 Stevia rebaudiana Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004376 Sucralose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000199361 Villosa perpurpurea Species 0.000 description 2
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1ldcw0 Chemical compound Cl.C1CN(C)CCN1C1=C(F)C=C2C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN3CCSC1=C32 LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960005164 acesulfame Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YGCFIWIQZPHFLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acesulfame Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)O1 YGCFIWIQZPHFLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010358 acesulfame potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960004998 acesulfame potassium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000619 acesulfame-K Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019409 alitame Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108010009985 alitame Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MJVXAPPOFPTTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Sistosterol Natural products CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C3CC=C4C(C)C(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(C)C MJVXAPPOFPTTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJKOMDUNNDKEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-sitosterol Natural products CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2(C)C3CC=C4CC(O)CCC4C3CCC12C)C(C)C NJKOMDUNNDKEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015155 buttermilk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-PODYLUTMSA-N campesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@@H](C)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-PODYLUTMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000000431 campesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019519 canola oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000828 canola oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002206 flavan-3-ols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside Natural products C1CC(C2C(C3(CCC4(C)CCC(C)(CC4C3=CC2=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)C2C(C)(C)C1OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004949 glycyrrhizic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UYRUBYNTXSDKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycyrrhizic acid Natural products CC1(C)C(CCC2(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C(=O)C=C4C5CC(C)(CCC5(C)CCC34C)C(=O)O)OC6OC(C(O)C(O)C6OC7OC(O)C(O)C(O)C7C(=O)O)C(=O)O UYRUBYNTXSDKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019410 glycyrrhizin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019534 high fructose corn syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960004903 invert sugar Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000905 isomalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010439 isomalt Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isomaltol Natural products CC(=O)C=1OC=CC=1O HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000832 lactitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010448 lactitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-JVCRWLNRSA-N lactitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-JVCRWLNRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003451 lactitol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010449 maltitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000845 maltitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N maltitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940035436 maltitol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014594 pastries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021400 peanut butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013856 polydextrose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001259 polydextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940035035 polydextrose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HGVVOUNEGQIPMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N procyanidin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C(O)C(O)C1(C=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1)OC1CC2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2OC1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 HGVVOUNEGQIPMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N rebaudioside A Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCMORTLOPMLEFB-ONEGZZNKSA-N sinapic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(\C=C\C(O)=O)=CC(OC)=C1O PCMORTLOPMLEFB-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015500 sitosterol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229950005143 sitosterol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sitosterol Natural products CC=C(/CCC(C)C1CC2C3=CCC4C(C)C(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC2(C)C1)C(C)C NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019408 sucralose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N sucralose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@]1(CCl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CCl)O1 BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000892 thaumatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010436 thaumatin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QAIPRVGONGVQAS-DUXPYHPUSA-N trans-caffeic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 QAIPRVGONGVQAS-DUXPYHPUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930013915 (+)-catechin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000007219 (+)-catechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007246 (+)-epicatechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930013799 (-)-catechin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000007331 (-)-catechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-HIFRSBDPSA-N (-)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-HIFRSBDPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007355 (-)-epicatechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930013783 (-)-epicatechin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DNISEZBAYYIQFB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-diacetyloxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)O[C@@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](C(O)=O)OC(C)=O DNISEZBAYYIQFB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACEAELOMUCBPJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-3,4,5-trihydroxycinnamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ACEAELOMUCBPJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-M (E)-Ferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC(\C=C\C([O-])=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCPGMXJLFWGRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 JCPGMXJLFWGRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- NTZRDKVFLPLTPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[Na] Chemical compound CC[Na] NTZRDKVFLPLTPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208365 Celastraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001258 Cinchona calisaya Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000675108 Citrus tangerina Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-mannomethylose Natural products CC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- CITFYDYEWQIEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Flavanol Natural products O1C2=CC(OCC=C(C)C)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C(O)C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CITFYDYEWQIEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000307700 Fragaria vesca Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001556407 Herrania Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000002059 L-arginyl group Chemical group O=C([*])[C@](N([H])[H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])C(=N[H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-JFNONXLTSA-N L-rhamnopyranose Chemical compound C[C@@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-JFNONXLTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-rhamnose Natural products CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000008299 Nitric Oxide Synthase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010021487 Nitric Oxide Synthase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001499733 Plantago asiatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000294611 Punica granatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014360 Punica granatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000245026 Scoliopus bigelovii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000336 Solanum dulcamara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015125 Sterculia urens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001058 Sterculia urens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219161 Theobroma Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019714 Triticale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098345 Triticum durum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007264 Triticum durum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019742 Vitamins premix Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IAIWVQXQOWNYOU-BAQGIRSFSA-N [(z)-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylideneamino]urea Chemical compound NC(=O)N\N=C/C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 IAIWVQXQOWNYOU-BAQGIRSFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-LECHCGJUSA-N alpha-D-xylose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CO[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-LECHCGJUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000420 anogeissus latifolia wall. gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007961 artificial flavoring substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003143 atherosclerotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116224 behenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-M behenate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000240602 cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004883 caffeic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940074360 caffeic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000012182 cereal bars Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BQFCCCIRTOLPEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1976978 Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12 BQFCCCIRTOLPEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000723 chemosensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonine Natural products C1C(C(C2)C=C)CCN2C1C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QAIPRVGONGVQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-caffeic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 QAIPRVGONGVQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXQWRCVTCMQVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-dihydroquercetin Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C(O)C1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CXQWRCVTCMQVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007891 compressed tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002770 condensed tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORYOIBJWFDNIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetyl 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)OC(C)=O ORYOIBJWFDNIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXLWOFBAEVGBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrochalcone Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1C1=C(O)C=CC(C(=O)CC(O)C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)=C1O PXLWOFBAEVGBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011869 dried fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002024 ethyl acetate extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001785 ferulic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940114124 ferulic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC(O)=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182497 flavan-3-ol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000011987 flavanols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011846 forastero Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000237494 forastero Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021552 granulated sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013882 gravy Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019314 gum ghatti Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008173 hydrogenated soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSEOYPMPHHCUBN-FGYWBSQSSA-N hydroxylated lecithin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CCCCCCCC XSEOYPMPHHCUBN-FGYWBSQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009403 interspecific hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930186179 lupulin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UZRWAPQLSA-N neohesperidin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1[C@H]1OC2=CC(O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O3)O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UZRWAPQLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITVGXXMINPYUHD-CUVHLRMHSA-N neohesperidin dihydrochalcone Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1CCC(=O)C(C(=C1)O)=C(O)C=C1O[C@H]1[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O2)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 ITVGXXMINPYUHD-CUVHLRMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N neohesperidine Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1C1OC2=CC(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(C)O3)O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010434 neohesperidine DC Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940038580 oat bran Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002811 oleoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010989 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001818 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-GJAZBXDESA-N poriferastan-3beta-ol Chemical compound C([C@@H]1CC2)[C@@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-GJAZBXDESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000948 quinine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010499 rapseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012045 salad Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCMORTLOPMLEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sinapinic acid Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC(O)=O)=CC(OC)=C1O PCMORTLOPMLEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003445 sucroses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012094 sugar confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021092 sugar substitutes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012773 waffles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008939 whole milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 description 1
- 229960003487 xylose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
- A21D13/00—Finished or partly finished bakery products
- A21D13/80—Pastry not otherwise provided for elsewhere, e.g. cakes, biscuits or cookies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/46—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing dairy products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/50—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by shape, structure or physical form, e.g. products with an inedible support
- A23G1/52—Aerated, foamed, cellular or porous products, e.g. gas expanded
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/56—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor making liquid products, e.g. for making chocolate milk drinks and the products for their preparation, pastes for spreading, milk crumb
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/48—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L25/10—Peanut butter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/30—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols, e.g. xylitol; containing starch hydrolysates, e.g. dextrin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/117—Flakes or other shapes of ready-to-eat type; Semi-finished or partly-finished products therefor
- A23L7/126—Snacks or the like obtained by binding, shaping or compacting together cereal grains or cereal pieces, e.g. cereal bars
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
- A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L9/00—Puddings; Cream substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
研磨含可可多酚(CPs)的干提取物以降低粒度改善了含有该磨碎的可可提取物的食用产品(例如食品、医疗食品、营养补充剂和药品)或添加剂的风味。该产品,例如巧克力比较不涩和不苦。研磨后的平均粒度小于大约15微米,优选小于大约10微米,最优选小于大约5微米。磨碎的提取物的总CP含量为每克磨碎的提取物至少大约300毫克,优选大约300至大约700毫克。添加剂,其基本由(i)该磨碎的高CP可可提取物和(ii)脂肪(例如可可脂)、油(例如植物油)或糖浆(例如玉米糖浆)构成。
Description
对相关申请的交叉引用
无
发明背景
(1)发明领域
本发明涉及具有降低的粒度的可可提取物,和含有该粒度降低的可可提取物的产品,如食品、膳食补充剂和药品,或含有该粒度降低的可可提取物的添加剂。
(2)相关技术描述
多酚化合物是衍生自植物材料的生物活性物质。它们与衍生自这些植物材料的产品的感官和营养品质紧密相关。许多植物多酚具有抗氧化活性和许多健康益处。可可产品中的可可多酚(CPs)的摄入提供显著健康益处。可可多酚已经表明对被认为参与动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病的发展的过程具有有益作用。可可多酚抑制LDL氧化,提高氧化一氧化氮/一氧化氮合成酶(NO/NOS)活性并抑制环加氧酶(COX)和脂肪氧合酶(LOX)活性;这些作用报道在1997年10月9日公开的WO 97/36497中。可可多酚也可用于治疗或预防已知通过施用非甾族抗炎药,例如阿司匹林来治疗的症状。
术语“可可多酚”是指可可豆、可可豆粒(cocoa nibs)和由可可豆或可可豆粒制成的大多数可可成分中存在的多酚化合物,包括原花色素(proanthocyanidins),更特别原花青素(procyanidins)。术语“原花青素”是指儿茶素和/或表儿茶素的天然存在或合成的低聚物。“可可多酚”应被理解为包括黄烷-3-醇单体儿茶素和表儿茶素。单体包括(+)-儿茶素和(-)-表儿茶素和它们的各自差向异构体(例如(+)-表儿茶素和(-)-儿茶素)及其衍生物。单体具有式“A”,低聚物具有式“An”,其中n是2至18和更高的整数。“A”具有式:
及其盐、衍生物和氧化产物,
其中R是3-(α)-OH、3-(β)-OH、3-(α)-O-糖、3-(β)-O-糖、3-(α)-O-C(O)-R1或3-(β)-O-C(O)-R1;
其中相邻单体之间的键合在第4和6或4和8位发生;
其中在第4位与单体的键具有α或β立体化学;
其中X、Y和Z选自A、氢和糖部分,条件是对于至少一个末端单体,相邻单体与其的键合在第4位,且任选地Y=Z=氢;且
其中糖部分是可任选被酚部分取代的单-或二-糖部分;
其中R1可以是任选被至少一个羟基取代的芳基或杂芳基部分。有利地,该糖部分衍生自葡萄糖、木糖、鼠李糖和阿拉伯糖。该糖部分以及R、X、Y和Z中的任一或全部可以任选在任何位置被酚部分经由酯键取代。该酚部分选自咖啡酸(caffeic)、肉桂酸(cinnamic)、香豆酸(coumaric)、阿魏酸(ferulic)、五倍子酸(gallic)、羟基苯甲酸和芥子酸。
可可多酚提取物,特别是表儿茶素、儿茶素和原花青素提取物,最近已经表明具有显著的生物学效用。因此,具有高可可多酚含量的可可产品的摄入可以提供显著的健康益处。
可可多酚提取物或从中进一步分离出的化合物最初以实验室规模制备。参见1996年9月10日颁发的U.S.5,554,645(Romanczyk等人)。在‘645专利中公开了含可可提取物的固体组合物和液体制品。
发酵不足和未发酵的粗制可可材料与发酵可可材料相比含有相当大量的可可多酚。发酵和干燥使可可豆中发生复杂变化,最显著是,形成产生可可特有的风味和颜色所需的组分。但是,与未发酵或发酵不足的可可豆中的多酚化合物浓度相比,发酵也显著降低发酵的可可豆中的多酚化合物浓度。包括如可可豆的烘焙或脱脂之类的步骤的传统可可豆加工也降低可可粉或由其制成的巧克力浆中的可可多酚浓度。此外,与低级低聚物(即低聚物2-4相比),这些方法更快地降低高级低聚多酚(即低聚物5-12)的浓度。
也可以通过溶剂提取由未发酵和/或发酵不足的可可豆或可可豆粒制成的部分或完全脱脂的可可固体来制备含多酚的可可提取物。参见2000年1月18日颁发的U.S.6,015,913(Kealey等人)和2001年11月6日颁发的U.S.6,312,753(Kealey等人),它们的公开内容经此引用并入本文。
在2003年9月30日颁发的U.S.6,627,232(Hammerstone等人)中公开了从部分脱脂的可可固体中选择性提取四聚物、五聚物和更高分子量低聚物以及单体和二聚物的方法,其公开内容经此引用并入本文。
在2007年4月5日公开的U.S.2007-0078261-A1(Robbins,等人)中也公开了从可可多酚的水混合物中选择性提取原花青素的方法,其公开内容经此引用并入本文。
在部分脱脂或完全脱脂的可可固体加工成食品或食品补充剂的过程中防止可可多酚流失的方法包括用大约9重量%至大约90重量%在大约80℃或更低温度下是液体的甾醇和/或甾烷醇酯预处理可可固体或用大约0.05重量%至大约5重量%的卵磷脂预处理可可固体。参见2005年3月31日公开的U.S.2005-0069625-A1(Chimel等人),其公开内容经此引用并入本文。
发明概述
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及具有每克磨碎的提取物至少大约300,优选大约300至大约700毫克的总可可多酚含量和降低的粒度的磨碎的可可提取物。通过溶剂提取可可豆,也称作可可豆(cacao bean)或由可可豆或可可豆粒制成的可可固体,获得该可可提取物。该可可豆优选是未发酵和/或发酵不足的可可豆。该磨碎的提取物的平均粒度小于大约15微米,优选小于大约10微米,最优选小于大约5微米。大约90体积%的磨碎粒子小于大约30微米,优选小于大约20微米,最优选小于大约10微米。总可可多酚含量优选为每克磨碎的可可提取物大约400毫克,更优选大约400至大约600毫克,最优选大约400至大约500毫克。
该高CP可可提取物中的可可多酚包括但不限于,表儿茶素、儿茶素和/或它们的原花青素低聚物。该提取物可以含有低聚物,如二聚物到至少十聚物,如在一些情况下十一聚物和十二聚物。该提取物可以分馏成单体或各低聚物。
在第二实施方案中,本发明涉及基本由(i)脂肪和/或油;(ii)包含可可多酚的磨碎的可可提取物;和(iii)任选乳化剂构成的添加剂。该脂肪可以是可可脂或乳脂。该油可以是植物油。该脂肪和/或油以足以将磨碎的可可提取物分散在脂肪和/或油中的量存在。该磨碎的可可提取物具有上述总可可多酚含量和平均粒度和/或粒度分布。
在第三实施方案中,本发明涉及基本由(i)包含水和营养性碳水化合物甜味剂和/或代糖(sugar substitute)的糖浆;(ii)磨碎的可可提取物,和(iii)任选脂肪和/或油构成的添加剂。该糖浆以足以将磨碎的可可提取物分散在糖浆中的量存在。该磨碎的可可提取物具有上述总可可多酚含量和平均粒度和/或粒度分布。该营养性碳水化合物甜味剂可以是玉米糖浆或其掺合物和其他甜味剂。优选地,如果存在脂肪,则所述脂肪是可可脂或乳脂,如果存在油,则所述油是植物油。
该添加剂可用在具有降低的水活性,即0.91或更低,优选0.1至0.7的水活性的食品、医疗食品、膳食补充剂或药品中。
在第四实施方案中,本发明涉及具有降低的水活性的食品、医疗食品、膳食补充剂或药品,其包含(i)磨碎的可可提取物和(ii)脂肪、油和/或糖浆或(ii)基本由该磨碎的高CP可可提取物和该脂肪、油和/或糖浆构成的添加剂。
在此特别可用的食品包括糖果、谷物、谷物棒、烘焙食品、布丁和酱汁,优选是巧克力,如牛奶巧克力、脱脂奶巧克力、白脱牛奶(butter milk)巧克力、混合乳制品巧克力、甜巧克力、苦甜巧克力、白巧克力和低脂巧克力。
包含含有每克磨碎的提取物至少大约300毫克总可可多酚的磨碎的可可提取物的巧克力的特征在于,降低的苦味,例如在0至15标度中降低大约0.5个单位,和降低的涩味,例如在0至15标度中降低大约0.5个单位,优选大约0.75个单位,更优选大于大约0.75个单位。所用标度是下述业内公认的感官标度。
通过包括下列步骤的方法制备该巧克力:
a.提供一种或更多种碳水化合物成分、一种或更多种可可成分和任选一种或更多种含乳固体的成分的混合物;和
b.在研拌(conching)或调温(tempering)之前、之后或其过程中向该成分混合物中加入具有上述总可可多酚含量和粒度分布的磨碎的可可提取物。
可用于制备巧克力的可可成分包括巧克力浆、碱化巧克力浆、部分脱脂或完全脱脂的可可固体、碱化的部分或完全脱脂的可可固体、可可粉、碱化可可粉和/或可可脂。在一些实施方案中,在产品中使用具有高的总可可多酚(CPs)量的巧克力浆和/或可可固体以提高最终产品的总可可多酚含量。由未发酵和/或发酵不足的可可豆制备高CP可可成分。
含有该磨碎的高CP可可提取物的产品和添加剂具有改善的风味,即较低涩味和较低苦味,但更重要地,用于降低粒度的研磨没有降低它们的总可可多酚含量。本领域技术人员预计,通过研磨苦味或涩味化合物,该化合物的提高的表面积会造成苦味或涩味等级的提高,如对咖啡因观察到的那样。令人惊讶地,当将该磨碎的高CP提取物研磨至更小粒度时,观察到苦味和涩味的降低。当将该磨碎的高CP可可提取物添加到水或水基体系,如奶或奶油中时,不产生相同的风味改善。当添加到巧克力中时,涩味和苦味降低。例如,在每40克份量含有150毫克总可可多酚的牛奶巧克力中,苦味在0至15标度中降低0.5个单位,而涩味在0至15标度中降低大约0.75个单位。在≤0.10时,这些属性明显不同。在下面在“测试程序”中论述的0至15的标准化强度标度中量化这些属性。
附图简述
图1显示未研磨的高CP可可提取物的粒度分布。
图2显示以5,000rpm的分级器速度空气喷射研磨的高CP可可提取物的粒度分布。
图3显示以10,000rpm的分级器速度空气喷射研磨的高CP可可提取物的粒度分布。
图4是图2和3的磨碎的高CP提取物的层叠图。
图5显示未研磨的高CP可可提取物的粒度分布。
图6显示在Osterizer掺合机中高速研磨1分钟的高CP可可提取物的粒度分布。
图7显示在Osterizer掺合机中在高速研磨5分钟的高CP可可提取物的粒度分布。
图8是图5和6的磨碎的高CP提取物在图4的未研磨的高CP提取物上的粒度分布层叠图。
图9比较不含高CP可可提取物的牛奶巧克力(对比牛奶巧克力)、含有平均粒度大约45微米的未研磨的可可提取物的牛奶巧克力(对照牛奶巧克力)和含有粒度大约3.7微米的磨碎的可可提取物的牛奶巧克力(受试牛奶巧克力)的基本味道系数。
发明详述
可可豆的选择
可可豆可以根据它们的颜色分成四类:主要棕色(完全发酵)、紫/棕色、紫色和石板色(发酵不足的)。该可可固体优选由发酵不足的可可豆,即石板色可可豆、紫色可可豆、石板色和紫色可可豆的混合物、紫色和棕色可可豆的混合物、或石板色、紫色和棕色可可豆的混合物制成。该可可豆更优选是具有比发酵豆高的可可多酚含量的石板色和/或紫色可可豆。
术语“发酵系数”是一批可可豆的发酵级的数值量化。发酵系数为100(未发酵/发酵不足)至400(完全发酵)。为了评估发酵程度,通常对可可豆施以用于评估如工业级标准中指定的品质的标准切割试验。将豆瓣铺在板上以目测颜色以及在可可豆发酵、干燥和/或储存过程中出现的缺陷。
“发酵系数”是用于表征可可豆发酵的分级系统。石板色(未发酵/发酵不足)被标作1,紫色为2,紫/棕色为3,棕色为4。将各类中的豆的百分比乘以加权数。因此,100%棕色豆的样品的“发酵系数”为100x4或400,而100%紫色豆的样品的发酵系数为100x2或200。50%石板色和50%紫色豆的样品具有150[(50x1)+(50x2)]的发酵系数。适用于衍生自Trinitario和Forastero类豆的可可豆的切割试验可能适用于或不适用于衍生自Criollo类的可可豆,例如其中可能发生从完全紫色到浅褐色的豆色变化。相应地,基于颜色的切割试验不适用于缺乏造成紫色的花色素苷颜料的特定可可基因型,如颜色是浅褐色的Catango(或Catongo)型。其它例外包括衍生自其它Theobroma物种和Herrania物种和它们的种间杂交和种内杂交的“可可豆”。来自这些物种的豆是“褐色”的。对于这些类型的豆,可以使用改良的标准切割试验测定发酵级。使用该改良试验,检查豆瓣表面在发酵过程中形成的线条、裂缝或裂纹的程度,而非颜色变化。‘913专利的图1(a)-(d)显示了切开的豆瓣表面在发酵过程中的变化。从图中可以看出,在豆发酵时,线条/裂缝数和它们在切开的豆瓣的整个表面上的延伸程度提高。随着可可豆发酵,该表面产生小的分支状线条或裂缝。这种改良试验也可用于约计发酵系数。对应于图1(a)的可可豆标作100,图1(b)标作200,图1(c)标作300,图1(d)标作400。尽管前述种类的定义是一般指导,但发酵的评估在熟悉巧克力和可可加工的普通技术人员的技术范围内(参见Wood等人,Cocoa,第4版(1985)的第511-513页,经此引用并入本文)。数值指数1-4或100-400是本文中用于反映可可豆的相对发酵并因此与可可豆中可可多酚的相对浓度相关的定性项。1或100的数值代表具有可可多酚最高总量或几乎总量的未发酵豆。4或400的数值代表具有在发酵后留下的可可多酚量的完全发酵豆。任何可可豆样品或可可成分的实际可可多酚浓度可以使用U.S.5,554,645(Romanczyk等人)中所述的高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术测定。
术语“中等品质可可豆(fair average quality cocoa beans)”是指已经与果肉分离并干燥且相对无霉菌和感染的可可豆。这类豆是商品。该术语包括已基因变异或繁育的任何这样的豆。
术语“新鲜收获的生可可豆(raw freshly harvested cocoa beans)”是指从可可豆荚中新鲜收获的且尚未经受除与果肉分离外的加工的种子或豆。该术语包括已基因变异或繁育的任何这样的豆。
高CP可可提取物的制备
术语“可可多酚”包括可可豆中和由可可豆制成的一些可可成分中存在的黄烷-3-醇(即表儿茶素和儿茶素)及其原花青素低聚物。
可可提取物可以通过将可可豆打碎成粉末、将该粉末脱脂并从该脱脂粉末中提取和提纯活性化合物来制备。该粉末通常通过将可可豆和果肉冻干、去果肉、将冻干的豆脱壳并研磨脱壳的豆或豆粒来制备。通过使用含水醇(如甲醇、乙醇或异丁醇)或含水酮(如丙酮)的溶剂提取技术实现可可多酚的提取。乙酸酯(如乙酸甲酯和乙酸乙酯)用于提取单体和低级低聚物。通过凝胶渗透色谱法、制备高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术或通过这类方法的组合提纯该提取物。参见U.S.5,554,645,其公开内容经此引用并入本文。
也可以通过溶剂提取由未发酵和/或发酵不足的可可豆或可可豆粒制成的高CP的部分或完全脱脂的可可固体来制备可可提取物。优选地,该可可豆仅在足以在不烘烤可可豆粒的情况下弄松可可壳的内部豆温(IBT)下加热一段时间。参见U.S.6,015,913和U.S.6,312,753,其公开内容经此引用并入本文。
可以使用U.S.6,627,232的选择性提取程序制备含有高级低聚物或含有单体和低级低聚物的提取物,其公开内容经此引用并入本文。该方法包括下列步骤:(a)用乙酸乙酯提取可可固体,(b)回收该提取过的可可固体,(c)用丙酮、乙醇或其与最多50体积%水的混合物提取该回收的、提取过的可可固体,和(d)从步骤(c)的可可提取物中分离可可固体以获得含有高级低聚物的提取物。任选例如用乙酸将该溶剂酸化至大约2至大约4的pH值。‘232专利也提供了使用乙酸甲酯或乙酸乙酯选择性提取表儿茶素、儿茶素和较低分子量低聚物,如二聚物和三聚物的方法。
在U.S.2007-0078261-A中公开了从可可多酚的含水混合物中选择性提取单体和原花青素低聚物,其公开内容经此引用并入本文。该方法包括用乙酸正丁酯提取该含水混合物并分离富含原花青素二聚物和高级低聚物的水相和富含儿茶素和表儿茶素的乙酸正丁酯相。随后用各种溶剂或溶剂混合物提取水相提供了富含各种原花青素低聚物的水相和溶剂相。
高CP可可固体和巧克力浆的制备
术语“可可成分”是指衍生自无壳可可固体(例如滤饼或粉末)、碱化可可粉或碱化巧克力浆和类似物的含可可固体的材料。术语“巧克力浆”是指通过研磨可可豆粒形成的深棕色流体“浆”。流度归因于胞壁的破裂和可可脂在加工过程中的释放,以产生可可固体的磨碎粒子悬浮在可可脂中的悬浮液。该可可成分包括由未发酵或发酵不足的豆制成的那些,因为这些豆具有较高的可可多酚含量。
可以通过如U.S.6,015,913(Kealey等人)中公开的那样在没有豆或豆粒烘烤步骤的情况下将可可豆直接加工成可可固体来获得具有高可可多酚(CP)含量的部分脱脂可可固体。这种方法保留可可多酚,因为其省略了传统烘烤步骤。该方法包括下列步骤:(a)将该可可豆加热至刚好足以将湿含量降至大约3重量%和弄松可可壳的内部豆温;(b)从可可壳中风选出可可豆粒;(c)压榨该可可豆粒;和(d)回收含可可多酚的可可脂和部分脱脂的可可固体。
或者,可以如下制备高CP巧克力浆和/或高CP可可固体:(a)将具有275或更低发酵系数的精选可可豆烘烤至95℃至160℃的内部豆温;(b)从烘烤过的可可豆中风选出可可豆粒;(c)将该可可豆粒研磨成巧克力浆;和(d)任选从该巧克力浆中回收可可脂和部分脱脂的可可固体。或者,该巧克力浆和/或可可固体可以如下制备:(a)将具有275或更低发酵系数的可可豆加热至95-135℃的内部豆温以使可可壳从可可豆粒上松开;(b)从可可壳中风选出可可豆粒;(c)将该可可豆粒烘烤至95℃至160℃的内部豆粒温度;(d)将该烘烤过的豆粒研磨成巧克力浆;和(e)任选从该巧克力浆中回收可可脂和部分脱脂的可可固体。
干燥的高CP可可提取物的研磨
第一实施方案涉及已研磨降低可可提取物粒度的高可可多酚(CP)可可提取物。该磨碎的高CP可可提取物通常含有每克磨碎的可可提取物至少大约300毫克,优选大约300至大约700毫克,更优选至少大约400毫克,再更优选大约400至大约600毫克,最优选大约400至大约500毫克的可可多酚。
可以在常用于干磨粉末的任何设备中进行研磨。空气喷射磨机特别有用,但锤磨机、低温磨机或在不长时间产生高温的情况下显著降低粒度的任何其它磨机在此可用。如上所述,当在可可成分,如巧克力浆、可可固体和可可提取物的制备中使用高温时,可可多酚流失。可用的空气喷射磨机描述在U.S.4,807,815(Csillag等人);U.S.4,189,102(Andrews);U.S.3,559,895(Fay);U.S.4,056,233(Fay);U.S.4,504,017(Andrews);U.S.5,637,344(Carpenter等人);和U.S.3,726,484(Schurr)中,其公开内容经此引用并入本文。
可用于制造空气喷射研磨粉末的市售喷磨机的实例包括GarlockPlastomer Products出售的TROSTTM空气冲击式粉磨机;Fluid Energy Aljet,Inc.(Plumsteadville,Pa.)出售的ROTO-JET;Jet Pulverizer Company出售的MICRON MASTERJET PULVERIZER;Nisshin Engineering Co.,Ltd.(Buffalo Grove,Ill.)出售的AIR JET PULVERIZER等等。
脂肪和/或油基添加剂
基本由脂肪和/或油和任选乳化剂构成的添加剂有助于将磨碎的高CP可可提取物的分散体添加到如食品、营养补充剂和药品之类的产品中。
脂肪和/或油在含有该磨碎的高CP可可提取物的添加剂中充当载体。必须有足够的脂肪和/或油以分散该磨碎粒子。通常,脂肪或油的量为该添加剂总重量的大约35至大约98%。其优选为大约40至大约70%,更优选大约40至大约60%,最优选大约45至大约55%。
本文所用的术语“脂肪”是指食品,尤其是糖果产品,如巧克力中所用的甘油三酯。可用的脂肪包括天然存在的脂肪和油,如可可脂、螺旋机榨出的可可脂、溶剂提取的可可脂、精制可可脂、乳脂、无水乳脂、分馏乳脂、乳脂替代品、牛油脂肪、分馏牛油脂肪和其它植物脂肪,以及这些脂肪的其它变体,包括类可可脂(CBE)、代可可脂(CBS)、可可脂替代物(CBR)、抗起霜剂,如山嵛酰基油酰基山嵛酸酯(BOB)、低热量脂肪和无热量的代脂肪。低热量脂肪是具有典型脂肪的所有性质但热量低于典型脂肪的脂肪。无热量的代脂肪,例如蔗糖聚酯也具有所有的典型脂肪特征,但在摄入后不吸收,因此不代谢。
合适的油包括植物油,如椰子油、玉米油、葵花油、大豆油、红花油、棕榈油、花生油、芝麻油、棉籽油、橄榄油和类似油以及分馏或氢化的植物油,如氢化椰子油、分馏棕榈油和类似物。
糖浆基添加剂
本发明的另一实施方案涉及含有分散于其中的磨碎的高CP可可提取物粒子的糖浆基添加剂。该添加剂基本由(i)包含水和营养性碳水化合物甜味剂和/或代糖的糖浆;(ii)上述磨碎的可可提取物;和(iii)任选上述脂肪或油之一构成。该糖浆以足以使该磨碎的可可提取物分散于其中的量存在。通常,糖浆量为添加剂总重量的大约35至大约98%。其优选为大约40至大约70%,更优选大约40至大约60%,最优选大约45至大约55%。这种糖浆基添加剂可用在食品棒,如格兰诺拉麦片棒和糖果,如巧克力咀嚼片中。
具有各种甜味强度的营养性碳水化合物甜味剂在此可用。该甜味剂优选包含玉米糖浆或玉米糖浆与其他甜味剂的掺合物。合适的甜味剂包括食品中常用的那些,包括但不限于,蔗糖(例如来自甘蔗或甜菜)、葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖浆或其固体、玉米糖浆或其固体、转化糖、水解乳糖、蜂蜜、枫糖、红糖、糖蜜和类似物。
代糖可用于部分替代糖浆中的甜味剂,特别是在低热量产品的生产中。术语“代糖”包括高效力甜味剂、糖醇(多元醇)、填充剂或其组合。高效力甜味剂包括阿斯巴甜、甜蜜素、糖精、安赛蜜、新橙皮苷二氢查尔酮、三氯蔗糖、阿力甜、甜菊甜味剂、甘草甜素、thaumatin及其混合物。优选的高效力甜味剂包括阿斯巴甜、甜蜜素、糖精和安赛蜜-K。糖醇的实例包括本领域中常用的那些并包括山梨糖醇、甘露醇、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇、乳糖醇和类似物。该糖浆还可以含有填充剂,如常与高效力甜味剂联合使用的那些。该“填充剂”可以是常用的那些,包括聚葡萄糖、纤维素及其衍生物、麦芽糖糊精、阿拉伯树胶和类似物。
该糖浆优选包含占该糖浆总重量的大约5%至100%的玉米糖浆固体和最多80%糖。对食品棒而言,玉米糖浆为大约5%至100%,优选大约65%至大约98%,最优选大约80%至大约95%,糖为最多大约20%,优选大约1%至大约10%,更优选大约1%至大约5%。对巧克力糖果,如咀嚼片而言,玉米糖浆为大约5%至大约80%,优选大约10%至大约50%,最优选大约20%至大约35%。
高CP产品
本发明的产品是脂肪基、油基和/或糖浆基产品,其含有总多酚含量为每克磨碎的提取物至少大约300毫克,优选大约300至大约700毫克,更优选大约400至大约600毫克,最优选大约400至大约500毫克的磨碎的可可提取物。该产品具有降低的水可利用度(water availability)。食品中的这种水可利用度常被称作“水活性”。通常,降低的水活性(低于0.91)表明存在大多数病原菌一般不生长的环境,0.1-0.7是优选的。
该产品包括食品、医疗食品、食品补充剂和药品。合适的食品包括具有连续脂肪相的那些,如糖果;中等湿度、常温、冷藏或冷冻乳制品;中等湿度、冷藏或冷冻水果产品和/或糖产品;充气食品,如泡沫、干粉包衣,如糖果的可可粉涂抹料;用于制备酱汁、调味品、沙拉调味料的干粉混合物;和类似产品。
本发明的产品和添加剂可以含有其它成分,如碳水化合物和/或代糖;乳固体;干燥成分;蛋白质;天然和人造调味料(例如香辛料、咖啡、盐和/或棕色坚果仁等);维生素和矿物质;甾醇、甾烷醇和它们的酯;以及含L-精氨酸的成分,如坚果碎、坚果粉和坚果糊。该食品优选是含可可的食品,最优选是巧克力糖果。
本文所用的“食品”是由蛋白质、碳水化合物和/或脂肪构成的材料,其在任何生物体体内用于维持生长、修复生命过程和供应能量。食品还可以含有补充物质,如矿物质、维生素和调味品(Merriam-Webster CollegiateDictionary,第10版,1993)。
本文所用的“医疗食品”是医生或健康护理专家开出的食品。
本文所用的“食品补充剂”是旨在补充膳食的产品(非烟草),其带有或含有一种或更多种下列膳食成分:维生素、矿物质、香草或其它草药、氨基酸、通过提高总的日摄入量来补充膳食的人用膳食物质、或这些成分的浓缩物、代谢物、成分、提取物或组合(Merriam-Webster CollegiateDictionary,第10版,1993)。当在食品标签上使用该术语时,“补充剂”是指营养素以比美国推荐日容许量(U.S.Recommended Daily Allowance)(“Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition”,第3版,编辑Whitney、Catalado和Rolfes第525页)高50%以上的量添加。
本文所用的“药品”是药物(Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary,第10版,1993)。
当制备干燥即食食品,如格兰诺拉麦片棒时,用甾醇酯和/或甾烷醇酯预处理该可可固体,特别是高CP可可固体以防止可可多酚流失。其量可以为可可固体重量的大约9至大约90%。该产品中所含的甾醇和/或甾烷醇酯充当胆固醇降低剂。参见2005年3月31日公开的U.S.2005-0069625 A1(Chimel等人),其公开内容经此引用并入本文。
乳化剂
乳化剂(也称作emulsifiers)可用在食品或脂肪基添加剂中。乳化剂公知对悬浮液流变性起到关键作用,并广泛用在食品制造,尤其是糖果和巧克力制造中以提高固体悬浮液的流变性(即降低粘度和/或屈服值)。大豆卵磷脂是最古老和最广泛使用的乳化剂之一。在巧克力中,以最终巧克力的大约0.3重量%至大约0.7重量%的最佳浓度使用时,卵磷脂表现出显著的减粘效果。
示例性乳化剂包括衍生自植物源,如大豆、葵花、玉米等的卵磷脂、分馏卵磷脂、单-和二-甘油酯、单-和二-甘油酯的二乙酰基酒石酸酯(也称作DATEM)、食用脂肪或油的单-和二-甘油酯的磷酸单钠衍生物、失水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯、羟基化卵磷脂、甘油和丙二醇的乳酰化脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸的聚甘油酯、脂肪和脂肪酸的丙二醇单-和二-甘油酯,尤其是为U.S.Food and Drug Administration-指定软糖类推荐的任何乳化剂。选择用于制备该产品的乳化剂被认为在本领域技术人员的技术范围内。可用的其它乳化剂包括聚甘油聚蓖麻醇酸酯(PGPR)、磷脂酸的铵盐(例如YN)、蔗糖酯、燕麦提取物等等,和被认为适用在巧克力或类似的脂肪/固体体系中的任何乳化剂或其组合。特选乳化剂组合已被确定提供低脂糖果。参见2002年5月21日提交的U.S.6,391,373(Kaiser等人),其公开内容经此引用并入本文。特别可用于低脂糖果的组合是卵磷脂、蔗糖聚芥酸酯、蔗糖聚硬脂酸酯、磷脂铵、磷酸化单-二-甘油酯/二乙酰基酒石酸单甘油酯(PMD/DATEM)或分馏卵磷脂与蔗糖聚芥酸酯和/或聚甘油聚蓖麻醇酸酯的组合。聚甘油聚蓖麻醇酸酯、蔗糖聚芥酸酯和大豆卵磷脂的组合提供低脂巧克力的流变性的显著改进。
碳水化合物
术语“碳水化合物”是指具有各种甜味强度的营养性碳水化合物甜味剂。它们包括但不限于蔗糖(例如来自甘蔗或甜菜)、葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖浆固体、玉米糖浆固体、转化糖、水解乳糖、蜂蜜、枫糖、红糖、糖蜜和类似物。代糖可用于部分替代营养性碳水化合物甜味剂,特别是在低热量糖果(例如巧克力)的制造中。本文所用的术语“代糖”包括高效力甜味剂、糖醇(多元醇)和/或填充剂。高效力甜味剂包括阿斯巴甜、甜蜜素、糖精、安赛蜜、新橙皮苷、二氢查尔酮、三氯蔗糖、阿力甜、甜菊甜味剂、甘草甜素,和/或thaumatin。优选的高效力甜味剂包括阿斯巴甜、甜蜜素、糖精和安赛蜜-K。糖醇的实例包括山梨糖醇、甘露醇、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇、乳糖醇和类似物。该产品还可以含有填充剂,如常与高效力甜味剂联合使用的那些。术语“填充剂”包括本领域中常用的那些,如聚葡萄糖、纤维素及其衍生物、麦芽糖糊精、阿拉伯树胶和类似物。
调味剂
术语“调味剂”是指食用产品和糖果,如巧克力中用于赋予所需味道和/或香味的化合物或组合物。示例性调味剂包括香草醛、香辛料和天然存在的柑橘油或香辛料油。
巧克力
术语“巧克力”是指所有巧克力或具有脂肪基组分相的巧克力类组合物或脂肪类组合物。除非另行指明,该术语例如旨在包括标准化和非标准化的巧克力,即分别包括具有符合美国身份标准(U.S.Standards ofIdentity)(SOI)的组成和不符合美国身份标准(non-SOI)的组成的巧克力,包括黑巧克力、烘焙巧克力、牛奶巧克力、甜巧克力、混合乳制品巧克力、低脂巧克力、白巧克力、充气巧克力、复合包衣、非标准化巧克力和巧克力类组合物。
在美国,巧克力受制于U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)依据Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act建立的性质标准。各类巧克力的定义和标准在美国非常完善。非标准化巧克力是具有在标准化巧克力的指定范围外的组成的那些巧克力。巧克力还包括含有碎屑固体或完全或部分通过粉碎法制成的固体的那些。
在例如部分或完全替代营养性碳水化合物甜味剂时;或在部分或完全替代可可脂、可可脂替代品、类可可脂、可可脂增量剂、可可脂替代物、代可可脂或乳脂时;或在加入具有模拟牛奶、黄油或巧克力的风味的组分或在FDA巧克力身份标准(Standards of Identity for chocolate)之外对配方作出其它增删时或其组合时产生非标准化巧克力。巧克力类组合物是在如将例如豆荚挂糖衣、模制或浸挂糖衣之类的用途中可用于取代巧克力的那些脂肪基组合物。
巧克力可以呈巧克力固体件形式,如棒或新颖形状,也可以作为成分掺入其它更复杂的糖果中,其中将巧克力与其它食品,如焦糖、花生酱、牛轧糖、水果块、坚果、华夫饼、冰淇淋或类似物合并并通常将其包衣。这些食品的特征在于,在65°-89℉(19-29℃)在正常大气条件下微生物贮存稳定。
即食食品棒
在含有高CP可可成分的即食食品棒中可以使用任何合适的谷粒、面粉和/或蛋白质。典型的谷粒包括片状燕麦、小麦、大麦、黑麦、烘烤燕麦片、脆米和类似物。典型面粉包括糠、玉米、小麦和大米。典型蛋白质包括大豆、乳清、奶、花生和蛋的蛋白质。任选的干燥成分包括碎坚果或全坚果,如杏仁、榛子、花生和椰子薄片;干水果,如蓝莓和浆果。糖浆构成该棒的大约30%至大约75%,优选大约40%至大约65%,更优选大约50%至大约60%,最优选55重量%。含或不含水果和/或坚果夹杂物的格兰诺拉麦片棒用巧克力,优选调温好的黑巧克力、酸奶或调味的粒状糖挂糖衣或装饰。如果需要,该格兰诺拉麦片棒可以含有以压缩片形式添加的补充膳食纤维。本文所用的术语“补充膳食纤维”是指除格兰诺拉麦片棒中一般包含的纤维外添加到该棒中的膳食纤维。该补充膳食纤维可以具有各种类型,并优选是各种类型的混合物,更优选是可溶和不可溶膳食纤维的混合物。通常已知产生不可溶纤维的来源包括但不限于,大豆纤维、苹果纤维、玉米糠、小麦糠、燕麦糠、大麦糠、黑麦糠、黑小麦糠、纤维素、豌豆纤维、糖甜菜纤维和花生纤维。通常已知产生可溶纤维的来源包括但不限于,阿拉伯树胶、印度树胶、瓜尔胶、果胶、车前草、角叉菜胶、黄原胶、tragocanth、刺梧桐树胶、刺槐豆胶、琼脂和藻酸盐。
非可可多酚
本文的产品可以含有来自可可以外的来源的多酚。这些包括存在于各种坚果、水果、蔬菜和草药中的多酚。合适的坚果包括花生、胡桃、杏仁、榛子、大豆和类似物。坚果碎块、坚果皮、坚果糊和/或坚果粉在此也可用。坚果皮含有大约17%原花青素,杏仁皮含有最多大约30%原花青素。可以使用坚果皮,例如在糖果中所用的牛轧糖中。苹果皮和橙子皮也含有多酚。葡萄籽和石榴也含有高的多酚。
L-精氨酸
含有该磨碎的高CP可可提取物的产品和添加剂还可以含有L-精氨酸以刺激一氧化氮生成。参见2004年10月19日提交的U.S.6,805,883(Chevaux等人),其公开了L-精氨酸的来源。‘883专利的公开内容经此引用并入本文。
植物甾醇
该脂肪基、油基或糖浆基产品还可以含有甾醇、甾烷醇和/或它们的酯作为胆固醇降低剂。甾烷醇是甾醇的饱和衍生物,其中环中的所有碳-碳键是饱和的。甾烷醇通常具有28或29个碳原子,并包括β-谷甾烷醇、clionastanol、22,23-二氢brassicastanol和菜油甾烯醇。甾烷醇在自然界中少量存在,但容易由甾醇通过以本领域技术人员已知的几种方法氢化甾醇来制备。当甾醇原材料由植物材料制成时,其含有几种不同甾醇的混合物,因此在氢化后,所得甾烷醇也是不同甾烷醇的混合物。从可可壳中提取的可可油是植物甾醇的良好来源。可可植物甾醇是游离和结合的甾醇的混合物,其中游离甾醇为所存在的植物甾醇的最多大约90%。该植物甾醇包括菜油甾醇、β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇、cycloartenoyl、24-亚甲基cycloartenoyl以及次要量的其它植物甾醇。结合的植物甾醇包括植物甾醇的脂肪酸酯或阿魏酸酯衍生物。
甾醇和甾烷醇的酯化形式是本文中最有用的形式。酯化使甾醇/甾烷醇更可溶于脂肪和油,例如,甾醇可以用脂肪酸酯,如菜籽油、canola油和类似油酯化。合适的脂肪酸包括通常具有14至24个碳原子的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸。酯化甾醇的实例包括谷甾醇乙酸酯、谷甾醇油酸酯和豆甾醇油酸酯。甾烷醇酯可以如本领域中已知的那样,例如如U.S.6,174,560、U.S.6,031,118、U.S.5,958,913、U.S.5,892,068和U.S.5,502,045中所述制备,其公开内容经此引用并入本文。‘045专利描述了使用酯交换催化剂,如乙基钠的游离甾烷醇与C2至C22脂肪酸甲酯混合物(例如菜籽油)的酯交换。如‘045专利中所公开的酯交换法也可用于酯化甾醇酯。在另一实施方案中,可用的甾烷醇酯通过如上述‘913专利中所述用C2至C22脂肪酸酯酯化至少一种甾醇来制备。
特别可用的是canola油甾醇酯、葵花油甾醇酯和它们的混合物。这些甾醇酯混合物在大约30℃-50℃熔融;但是,通常将这些酯加热至大约60-80℃以确保整个混合物液化。为了保存可可多酚,将该液体或液化甾醇/甾烷醇酯与高CP可可固体混合以在将可可固体进一步加工成最终产品的过程中保护CPs。
分析和测试程序
高效液相色谱(HPLC)程序
在实施例6-10中,在配有自动取样器、四元泵、柱加热器、光电二极管阵列和荧光检测器的Agilent 1100 Series HPLC系统上进行包括黄烷-3-醇表儿茶素和儿茶素以及原花青素低聚物在内的可可多酚的分离。在购自Phenomenex(Torrance,CA)的Develosil二醇100A(250x4.6毫米,5μ粒度)上进行定量操作。色谱流动相是由酸性乙腈((A),CH3CN∶HOAc,98∶2;v,v)和酸性甲醇水溶液((B),CH3OH∶H2O∶HOAc,95∶3∶2;v,v,v)构成的二元梯度(溶剂A和B)。起始流动相条件是7%B,其保持等度3分钟。随后,使溶剂B经57分钟升至37.6,并在此后3分钟升至100%B。在经6分钟回到起始条件(7%B)之前,使该条件在100%B下保持7分钟。用76分钟的总运行时间实现黄烷醇(DP=1)和原花青素(DP 2-10)的基线解析。UV检测设定为280纳米。用230纳米激发波长和在321纳米的发射进行荧光检测。其它FLD条件包括光电倍增管梯度。使所有组分(DP1-10)在FLD检测范围内。使用光电倍增管增益梯度。在不同时间间隔下依时间改变增益。该光电倍增管增益在0-8分钟设定至7,在8.1-15.0分钟设定至9,最后在15.1-76分钟设定至10。需要评估各个柱的精确增益梯度时间设定-必须考虑柱与柱之间小的停留时间变动。使柱温度保持在35℃。流速为1毫升/分钟,且典型注射体积为5微升。氰基(CN)(4x3.0毫米)SecurityGuard筒获自Phenomenex(Torrance,CA)并用于保护该柱。保护柱与SecurityGuard Guard Cartridge Kit(也获自Phenomenex)安装在一起。自动取样器设定并保持在5℃。
在测定总可可多酚的另一些实例中,使用略微不同的分析方法测定高CP可可提取物的总可可多酚含量。这种方法基于Hammerstone等人Identification of Procyanidins in Cocoa(Theobroma cacao)and ChocolateUsing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry,J.Ag.Food Chem.47(10):490-496(1999)中报道的研究。如Lazarus等人,High-performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Analysis ofProanthocyanidins in Foods and Beverages;J.Ag.Food Chem.47(9):3693-3701(1999)中报道的那样,这种分析方法可用于据报道含有各种类型原花色素的多种食品和饮料样品的定性研究。由于更高的选择性和敏感度,Lazarus等人的分析使用荧光检测。
在这两种方法中,使用Adamson等人,HPLC Method for theQuantification of Procyanidinss in Cocoa and Chocolate Samples andCorrelation to Total Antioxidant Capactty,J.Ag.Food Chem.47(10):4184-4188(1999)中报道的分析方法产生各原花青素低聚物至十聚物,或在一些情况下,至十二聚物的复合标准储液和校准曲线。然后将样品与该复合标准进行比较以精确测定可可多酚含量。
粒度分析
可以通过本领域中已知的几种技术测量粒度。一分布的平均粒度是指使用Coulter激光散射技术测得的在给定分布上的平均体积粒径。可以通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)激光散射等测定在给定分布中的最大和最小粒度。使用Coutler LS230粒度分析器(Coulter Corporation,Hialeah,Fla.出售)通过激光散射分析各粉末。
苦味和涩味的测量
使用业内公认的标准化测试程序测量牛奶巧克力产品的苦味和涩味:使用如M.Meilgaard等人著的Sensory Evaluation Techniques的第2版(CRCPress)中详述的光谱法强度标的描述性分析。如第142页开始详述的那样进行10-20个评审人员的选择和培训。该评审小组专门集中于糖果产品(例如硬糖、焦糖、牛轧糖、块状糖、太妃糖)。在173页(见Schedule B)中描述了味道和化学感觉的强度标(0至15)。
受过训练的评审人员使用的定义如下。“苦”是指如奎宁、咖啡因和酒花苦味质之类的物质在舌头上激发的味道。“涩”是指如丹宁酸或明矾之类的物质造成的舌头表面的收缩或起皱。
下列实施例旨在举例说明本发明的某些优选实施方案,且不限制本发明。
实施例
实施例1-可可豆源和制备方法
打开收获的可可豆荚,取出带果肉的豆进行冻干。从冻干物上手工除去果肉。将未发酵的冻干可可豆手工脱壳并用TEKMAR磨机研磨成细粉料。然后通过使用馏出己烷作为溶剂的Soxhlet提取,将所得物脱脂整夜。在环境温度下通过真空从该脱脂物中除去残留溶剂。
实施例2-从脱脂可可物料中提取可可多酚
使用Jalal和Collin(1977)描述的方法的变型提取可可多酚。50克批量的来自实施例1的脱脂可可物料用400毫升70%丙酮/去离子水提取两次,并用400毫升二氯甲烷(CHCl3)提取两次。弃置溶剂相。水相随后用500毫升乙酸乙酯提取四次。通过在10℃下在以2,000xg运行的Sorvall RC 28S离心机上离心30分钟,使所得乳状液破裂。向合并的乙酸乙酯提取物中,加入100至200毫升去离子水。通过用保持在部分真空下的旋转蒸发器在45℃下蒸发,除去溶剂。所得水相在液氮(N2)中冷冻,接着在LABCONCOFreeze Dry System上冻干。
实施例3-高CP部分脱脂可可固体的制备
初始湿含量为大约7至8重量%的市售可可豆在初清筛中预清洁。预清洁的豆在空气流化床密度分选器中进一步清洁。随后使清洁的豆通过红外加热装置。豆在该装置的振动床中的深度为大约2-3个豆深。该装置的表面温度设为大约165℃,由此在1至1.5分钟内产生大约135℃的内部豆温(IBT)。这种处理使壳迅速干燥并与可可豆粒分离。将振动筛分离出的碎粒在风选步骤之前再引入产物流中。微粉化后的所得豆应具有大约3.9重量%的湿含量。该豆在大约135℃的IBT下排出并立即在大约3分钟内冷却至大约90℃以使额外的水分损失最小化。随后将这些豆风选以使豆裂化,弄松壳,并使较轻的壳与豆粒分离,同时使随壳排出流流失的豆粒量最小化。螺旋压榨所得可可豆粒以从可可固体中提取可可脂。
根据上述方法由未发酵的可可豆(发酵系数233)制成的可可固体样品在根据上述Adamson等人的方法分析时通常具有每克脱脂可可粉大约50至大约75,优选大约60至大约75,更优选大约75至大约80毫克总可可多酚的总可可原花青素含量。
实施例4-由高CP部分脱脂可可固体制备高CP可可提取物
使来自实施例3的可可固体在室温下与含水有机溶剂接触0.5至3.5小时。该溶剂是大约75%乙醇/25%水(v/v)或大约80%丙酮/20%水(v/v)。从该可可残留物中分离出胶束并通过蒸发浓缩至30至50%总固含量。然后将该浓缩的提取物喷雾干燥。
实施例5-高CP巧克力浆的制备
选择初始湿含量为7.4重量%且发酵系数级为233(31%石板色、29%紫色、22%紫棕色和17%棕色)的中等品质(FAQ)Sulawesi可可豆作为原材料。使该可可豆通过振动红外加热装置(Micronizer Company Ltd.,U.K.制造)。这些可可豆通过该红外加热器床角的进料速率决定这些豆受到的热处理。这些豆在红外加热器中花费的时间量(停留时间)取决于床角度和进料速率。在微粉磨机出口处,测量豆的IBT。离开红外加热器的豆的表面温度高于IBT。迅速表面冷却使表面温度在小于1分钟内接近IBT。使用实验室规模的浆加工设备将这些豆进一步加工成巧克力浆。使破裂的豆通过实验室规模风选系统以分离壳和豆粒。随后在Melange(PascallEngineering Co.,Ltd.Of England)中将可可豆粒磨成粗浆。该浆在Melange中的正常运行温度为大约50℃。将可可豆粒在Melange中研磨1小时。
使用上述Adamson等人的方法测量总可可多酚含量。当在107℃的IBT下加热42秒时,该脱脂巧克力浆的总可可多酚含量为39,690微克。在126℃IBT和82秒停留时间下,其为28,815微克,在148℃IBT和156秒停留时间下,其为23,937微克。
实施例6-磨碎的高CP可可提取物的制备
使用空气喷射磨机(Fluid Energy Aljet Roto-Jet)研磨如实施例4中制成的喷雾干燥的可可提取物。将该提取物手工送入使用110psi研磨空气的磨机。使用5,000和10,000rpm的分级器速度分离该细磨提取物。
在Beckman Coulter粒度分析器中分析代表性样品。
图1显示未研磨的喷雾干燥的提取物的粒度分布。未研磨的提取物的平均粒度和中值粒度分别为45.4微米和28.83微米。90体积%的粒子小于64.9微米(D90),75体积%的粒子小于44.86微米(D75),50体积%的粒子小于28.83微米(D50),25体积%的粒子小于16.34微米(D25)且10体积%的粒子小于8.112微米(D10)。未研磨的提取物的总可可多酚含量为每克未研磨的提取物468.5毫克。
图2显示使用5,000rpm的分级器速度空气喷射研磨的喷雾干燥的可可提取物的粒度分布。该磨碎的提取物的平均粒度和中值粒度分别为7.49微米和6.517微米。90体积%的粒子小于15.26微米(D90),75体积%的粒子小于11.21微米(D75),50体积%的粒子小于6.517微米(D50),25体积%的粒子小于2.889微米(D25)且10体积%的粒子小于1.35微米(D10)。该磨碎的提取物的总可可多酚含量为每克磨碎的提取物477.9毫克。
图3显示使用10,000rpm的分级器速度空气喷射研磨的喷雾干燥的可可提取物的粒度分布。该磨碎的提取物的平均粒度和中值粒度分别为3.71微米和3.452微米。90体积%的粒子小于6.755微米(D90),75体积%的粒子小于5.192微米(D75),50体积%的粒子小于3.452微米(D50),25体积%的粒子小于1.913微米(D25)且10体积%的粒子小于1.057微米(D10)。这种磨碎的提取物具有515.3mg/g的总可可多酚含量。未研磨和磨碎的提取物的总可可多酚含量之差不显著并在对这些分析常观察到的差值内。
图4是图2和3的磨碎的高CP可可提取物的层叠图。
实施例7-将高CP可可提取物分散在可可脂中
将平均粒度大约45微米的未研磨的高CP可可提取物和研磨至平均粒度3.71微米的高CP可可提取物分散在在40℃温热的可可脂中。该混合物含有1.5重量%可可提取物和98.5重量%可可脂。在品尝时,含有磨碎的高CP可可提取物的可可脂被发现明显没有含有未研磨的高CP可可提取物的可可脂苦和涩。
实施例8-将高CP可可提取物分散在无水乳脂中
将平均粒度大约45微米的未研磨的高CP可可提取物和研磨至平均粒度3.71微米的高CP可可提取物分散到在40℃温热的无水乳脂中。该混合物含有1.5重量%高CP可可提取物和98.5重量%无水乳脂。在品尝时,含有磨碎的高CP可可提取物的无水乳脂被发现明显没有含有未研磨的高CP可可提取物的无水乳脂苦和涩。
实施例9-将高CP可可提取物分散在玉米糖浆中
将平均粒度大约45微米的未研磨的高CP可可提取物和研磨至平均粒度3.71微米的高CP可可提取物分散到在40℃温热的63DE玉米糖浆中。该混合物含有1.5重量%高CP可可提取物和98.5重量%玉米糖浆。在品尝时,含有磨碎的高CP可可提取物的玉米糖浆被发现明显没有含有未研磨的高CP可可提取物的玉米糖浆苦和涩。
实施例10-将高CP可可提取物分散在牛奶巧克力中
将平均粒度大约45微米的未研磨的高CP可可提取物和磨碎的高CP可可提取物(平均粒度大约3.7微米)分散到在40℃温热的牛奶巧克力中。该高CP巧克力混合物含有1.03重量%高CP可可提取物和98.97重量%牛奶巧克力。该磨碎的高CP牛奶巧克力单独调温并模制成8克固体巧克力块。
由受过训练的感官评测小组评测该牛奶巧克力的苦味和涩味,其使用前述程序在1至15标度中将该巧克力评级。各评审人员在40克份量中摄入总共150毫克可可多酚。巧克力块各8克,每份5块。包括不含可可提取物的牛奶巧克力作为比较。
含有该磨碎的高CP提取物(平均粒度大约3.7微米)的受试牛奶巧克力明显没有含有未研磨的高CP可可提取物(平均粒度大约45微米)的对照牛奶巧克力苦和涩。含有该磨碎的高CP可可提取物的受试牛奶巧克力具有比含有未研磨的高CP可可提取物的对照牛奶巧克力合意的余味。
对比巧克力是不含高CP可可提取物的牛奶巧克力,受试巧克力是含有平均粒度大约3.7微米的磨碎的高CP可可提取物的牛奶巧克力,对照巧克力是含有相同量的平均粒度为大约45微米的未研磨的高CP可可提取物的牛奶巧克力。
向牛奶巧克力中加入可可提取物的影响显示在图9中。
实施例11-降低高CP的部分脱脂可可滤饼的粒度(对比例)
该实施例表明,研磨高CP、部分脱脂可可滤饼不会降低苦味/涩味并产生表现出显著的总可可多酚损失的产品。
该未研磨的可可滤饼具有每克脱脂滤饼大约72毫克的总可可多酚含量。通过在空气分级磨机(ACM)中以各种速度研磨来降低可可滤饼的粒度。在整个研磨过程中使空气流和进料速率保持恒定。改变分级器和转子速度以实现所需粒度分布。下面显示研磨结果。
粒度分析和相应的ACM条件:
No. | 微米(μm) | d90(μm) | 平均直径(μm) | 分级器速度(rpm) | 转子速度(rpm) | 空气流速(SCFM) | 进料速率(kg/hr) |
1 | 13.75 | 27.61 | 13.50 | 3400 | 7000 | 500 | 35 |
2 | 23.75 | 36.02 | 16.82 | 3400 | 6500 | 500 | 35 |
3 | 49.44 | 51.19 | 22.11 | 3000 | 5000 | 500 | 35 |
4 | 81.00 | 87.16 | 36.61 | 2000 | 5000 | 500 | 35 |
使用上述Hammerstone等人的方法测定总可可多酚含量。该未研磨的可可滤饼含有每克滤饼71.45毫克总可可多酚。研磨至81.00微米粒度的4号样品具有每克脱脂粉末72.56毫克总可可多酚含量。研磨至13.50微米平均粒度的1号样品具有每克脱脂粉末仅50.80毫克总可可多酚含量。因此,该细磨样品的总可可多酚含量从71.45降至50.80mg/g。更显著地,该磨碎的产品没有表现出风味改进。当在巧克力咀嚼片中评测磨碎的产品时,苦味/涩味和砂性/chalkiness没有显著改善。
实施例12-碾磨高CP可可提取物(对比例)
此实施例表明,碾磨而非干磨高CP可可提取物不降低喷雾干燥的高CP可可提取物的粒度。用于碾磨的掺合机是10速度Osterizer BlendMaster(Model 50200MP),其与U.S.6,312,753(Kealey等人)的实施例12中所用的液体掺合机具有相同类型。实施例12中所用的掺合机是Hamilton Beach Blendmaster液体掺合机(型号#50100,Type B12)。
平均粒径为大约26微米(其中大约90%的粒子小于大约82微米)的喷雾干燥的可可提取物在Osterizer掺合机中高速研磨1分钟和6分钟。将总共300克喷雾干燥的可可提取物置于Osterizer掺合机的5cup玻璃容器中(其因此填充至标记)。将该掺合机设定为液化,并将样品碾磨1分钟,然后6分钟。在碾磨之间搅拌粉末。使用Beckman Coulter粒度分析器分析代表性样品。
磨过的喷雾干燥的可可提取物具有与未磨的喷雾干燥的可可提取物几乎相同的粒度分布。参见显示未磨的喷雾干燥的可可提取物的粒度分布的图5,和显示碾磨1分钟然后再碾磨5分钟(总共6分钟)的喷雾干燥的可可提取物的粒度分布的图6和7。图8是磨过的可可提取物和未磨的可可提取物的粒度分布的层叠图,其表明没有粒度降低。
实施例13-含有高CP可可粉和磨碎的高CP可可提取物的谷物产品
根据下列配方制造谷物:
成分 | % |
软质小麦粉 | 37.09 |
硬质小麦粉 | 16.64 |
糖,粒状 | 30.33 |
碳酸氢钠 | 0.19 |
磷酸单钙 | 0.19 |
单硬脂酸甘油酯 | 0.43 |
盐 | 1.73 |
可可粉 | 12.02 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 1.30 |
总量 | 100.00 |
除可可粉和可可提取物外的所有成分在小型带式掺合机中合并并掺合3分钟。在掺合周期结束时,将所有材料与可可粉和磨碎的高CP可可提取物一起以40千克/小时气动传送至AccuRate进料器,其经由K-tron进料器以6.18千克/小时送入Werner-Pfleiderer双螺杆挤出机(型号ZSK57,带有Bullet Tips)。以1.2升/小时的速率加入水。使用标准运行程序启动该挤出机。将干掺合物和水的进料速率调节至目标值。将螺杆RPM设定至200。将可可进料器调节至目标值,并收集谷物管(cereal tubs)。空心谷物管进给经过卷边机并以2英尺长收集。通过在卷曲边缘处折断,制造独立的长条。
实施例14-用高CP可可提取物制成的煮熟香草布丁
成分 | % |
JELL-O香草布丁混合物 | 95.00 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 5.00 |
总量 | 100.00 |
通过将5%可可提取物添加到干布丁混合物中并使用搅打器掺合,烹调布丁。在Magna Lite蒸锅中向该布丁混合物中加入2杯全脂奶。在HOTPOINT炉(型号RS744G0N1BG)上以中热煮制该干混合物和牛奶并使用搅打器不断搅拌,直至该混合物达到完全沸腾。布丁停止加热,倒入储存容器并储存在制冷器中。
实施例15-含有磨碎的高CP可可提取物的布朗尼(Brownies)
使用高CP可可提取物根据下列配方制造布朗尼:
成分 | % |
起酥油 | 11.90 |
巧克力浆 | 8.40 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 1.7 |
糖 | 37.60 |
通用面粉 | 23.49 |
发酵粉 | 0.14 |
盐 | 0.14 |
蛋 | 16.60 |
香草 | 0.13 |
总量 | 100.00 |
将可可成分和起酥油置于Kitchen Aid K45碗中。随后将该碗置于装有345克沸水(100℃)的MAGNA Lite Saucepan(4 1/4.5qt.)上。这种双锅炉随后在HOTPOINT炉上以低热加热。当该混合物熔融时,将其停止加热。将糖、蛋和香草混入该熔融的混合物中。混入其余干燥成分,并将该生面团铺到上油的13”x9”x2”烘盘上。该布朗尼在HOTPOINT炉中在350℉下烘焙大约30分钟直至将布朗尼从盘边取出。
实施例16-用高CP可可提取物制成的巧克力曲奇
使用下示成分制造巧克力曲奇:
成分 | % |
软黄油 | 30.50 |
细砂糖 | 7.60 |
未筛过的面粉 | 45.80 |
可可粉 | 13.46 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 1.84 |
水 | 0.35 |
香草提取物 | 0.45 |
总量 | 100.00 |
将该炉预热至325℉。将黄油和1/4的糖在Kitchen Aid混合机中搅糊大约2分钟。加入其余成分,混合大约3分钟。将该生面团制成小球,铺在未上油的曲奇板上并在325℉下烘焙15-17分钟。
实施例17-含磨碎的高CP可可提取物的大米和奶酪酱混合物
使用下列配方制备混合物:
成分 | % |
调味混合物w/奶酪 | 22.00 |
干蔬菜 | 3.00 |
干米 | 71.00 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 4.00 |
总量 | 100.00 |
将这些成分在煮锅中与杯水和1至2汤匙黄油合并。使该混合物沸腾,然后使其煨大约10分钟直至大部分水被吸收。然后使该混合物静置大约5分钟以使该奶酪酱变稠。
实施例18-用磨碎的高CP可可提取物制成的挤出能量棒使用下列配方制备棒:
成分 | % |
碳水化合物糖浆 | 20-30 |
水果/水果制品 | 10-15 |
蛋白质粉末(牛奶或大豆来源) | 5-20 |
微量营养素 | 4-5 |
单糖 | 10-20 |
麦芽糖糊精 | 10-15 |
脆米/大米 | 10-13 |
可可粉 | 8-12 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 1-3 |
脂肪 | 2-5 |
调味料 | 0.1-0.5 |
总量 | 100.00 |
在设定至50℃的JH Day 50加仑护套不锈钢双臂sigma桨叶混合机中混合这些成分。将碳水化合物糖浆、脂肪和水果/水果制品在混合机中合并,并以50rpm混合直至均匀(大约5分钟)。在混合机运行的同时,以下列次序逐渐添加其余成分并掺合至均匀:微量营养素、调味料、可可成分、单糖、麦芽糖糊精、蛋白质粉和脆米/大米。将所得物料转移到保持在40℃的护套挤出机的料斗中以使该物料保持柔软和易成形。将该物料经由喷嘴组挤出到传送带上,该传送带将这些条带送过冷却隧道。使用闸刀切割在15-20℃下离开冷却隧道的棒。
实施例19-用磨碎的高CP可可提取物制成的硬糖
通过Lees & Jackson,第1版,Sugar Confectionery and ChocolateManufacture,第176-186页(1995)中描述的方法使用下列配方制备成形和沉积类型的硬糖。
成分 | % |
糖 | 42.85 |
高麦芽糖玉米糖浆 | 38.09 |
水 | 12.19 |
缓冲乳酸 | 1.90 |
调味料 | 0.19 |
着色剂 | 0.0057 |
可可粉 | 1.32 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 3.45 |
总量 | 100.00 |
实施例20-用磨碎的高CP可可提取物制成的水果和明胶糕点棒
使用下列配方制造草莓水果馅:
成分 | 湿重量% | 量(克) |
超细黄原胶 | 1.0 | 5.0 |
氢化大豆油 | 1.25 | 6.25 |
水 | 10.0 | 50.0 |
甘油USP或食品级玉米糖浆固体 | 7.0 | 35.0 |
Maltrin M250(78%固含量,用61.9克水) | 56.23 | 281.2 |
低湿苹果片状粉末 | 5.0 | 25.0 |
天然草莓香料 | 2.0 | 10.0 |
草莓酱浓缩物 | 12.0 | 60.0 |
苹果酸,细粒 | 0.5 | 2.5 |
Red#40草莓色料 | 0.02 | 0.1 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 5.0 | 25.0 |
总量 | 100 | 500.00 |
为了制造水果馅,将胶质使用掺合机在冷水中水合。玉米糖浆固体、水、水果酱和甘油在炉顶上使用中至高热煮至230℉。将该混合物停止加热,并使其冷却。将水合胶质添加到该混合物中并将该混合物加热至216℉。再将该混合物停止加热,并使其冷却至少5分钟。将高CP可可提取物、酸、色料、苹果粉和熔融脂肪添加到该混合物中。使该混合物再冷却2分钟。在充分混合下向该混合物中加入香料。
根据下列配方制造馅饼皮:
成分 | 湿重量% | 量(克) |
混合面粉30%硬质粉(54.75g)70%软质粉(127.75g) | 36.5 | 182.5 |
红糖烘烤燕麦 | 14.6 | 73.0 |
麦麸 | 7.3 | 36.5 |
阿拉伯树胶(Acacia FCC) | 0.6 | 3.0 |
Kelco胶(Kelite CM) | 0.6 | 3.0 |
大豆卵磷脂 | 0.8 | 4.0 |
碳酸氢钠 | 0.6 | 3.0 |
酸性焦磷酸钠 | 0.4 | 2.0 |
红糖,粒状 | 6.3 | 31.5 |
氢化大豆油 | 5.2 | 26.0 |
水 | 21.22 | 106.1 |
盐粉 | 1.0 | 5.0 |
甘油USP或食品级 | 4.1 | 20.5 |
Kelco GFS,预水合 | 0.78 | 3.9 |
总量 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
为了制造馅饼皮,使用掺合机将阿拉伯树胶、Kelite CM、碳酸氢钠、酸性焦磷酸钠、盐、Kelco GFS和甘油在水中水合。将卵磷脂搅入熔融脂肪中。将其余干燥成分添加到混合碗中。使用Kitchen Aid混合机以速度2将该脂肪掺合物添加到干燥成分中。将该胶质掺合物缓慢添加到混合碗中。在混合后,使生面团在用湿纸巾覆盖的同时静置15分钟以降低粘性。使用Rondo压片机实现2.5毫米的生面团厚度。将该生面团切成重33克的4”x4”正方形。使用挤花袋,将19.5克水果馅施加到各正方形生面团上。将该生面团折叠以制造棒,并通过卷边封闭棒末端。使用刀,在该棒上戳孔以助于热逸出和防止棒爆裂。将棒在357℉下烘焙分钟。最终烘焙棒的重量应为45.5克。
实施例21-含有高CP可可提取物的糖片
根据下列配方制造湿法薄片:
成分 | 湿可可片t | 干燥后的最终可可片t(干重量基) |
蔗糖-6X | 41.30 | 51.19 |
可可粉 | 25.89 | 31.68 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 8.50 | 10.40 |
水 | 21.66 | 4.50 |
阿拉伯树胶 | 1.26 | 1.41 |
明胶200 | 0.62 | 0.73 |
Bloom香草4X | 0.76 | 0.09 |
总量 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
将明胶浸泡在水中并将蔗糖与可可成分预混。在该明胶水合后,将其加热至90℃并在高剪切下加入阿拉伯树胶。这种溶液与调味料一起混入1/4蔗糖/可可混合物中并在混合的同时缓慢加入其余蔗糖/可可混合物(在Hobart或Kitchen Aid Ultra Power混合机中)。该配方混合10-15分钟并压成所需厚度(~5毫米)。在干燥和冲压出所需形状(盘状)后,将这些片进一步干燥至大约3-6%的最终湿度。
实施例22-带有高CP牛奶巧克力糖浆浇头的格兰诺拉麦片棒
根据下列配方制造使用磨碎的高CP可可提取物的牛奶巧克力糖浆配方:
成分 | % |
粉状糖(6X) | 27.4 |
高果糖玉米糖浆(55%) | 20.0 |
部分氢化大豆油(6034) | 10.75 |
乳糖(Alpha Mono) | 9.25 |
粉状乳糖(Alpha Mono) | 11.0 |
可可粉 | 8.3 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 1.7 |
成分 | % |
甘油 | 2.0 |
无脂奶粉(低热) | 5.0 |
水 | 2.0 |
碳酸钙 | 1.35 |
大豆卵磷脂 | 0.5 |
盐 | 0.25 |
香草 | 0.5 |
总量 | 100.00 |
为了制造牛奶巧克力糖浆浇头,将干燥成分在Kitchen Aid混合机中低速掺合大约3-4分钟或直至充分掺合。将氢化大豆油在微波炉中在55-64℃下熔融。将大豆卵磷脂分散在熔融油中。在低速运行的Hobart混合机中将该油/卵磷脂混合物倒入掺合的干燥成分中。混合机的速度逐渐提高,加入水、甘油和高果糖玉米糖浆。将所得牛奶巧克力糖浆浇头混合2-3分钟或直至充分掺合。
根据下列配方制造最终棒:
格兰诺拉麦片配方
成分 | % |
脆米 | 30.2 |
微型小麦片 | 33.7 |
红糖燕麦 | 36.1 |
总量 | 100.00 |
最终产品状况:
成分 | % |
巧克力 | 37.0 |
格兰诺拉麦片(Granola)/大米 | 21.0 |
粘合剂 | 21.0 |
牛奶巧克力软糖(Fudge) | 21.0 |
总量 | 100.00 |
通过将格兰诺拉麦片成分与粘合剂掺合并用擀面杖在蜡纸上压片至大约15毫米高,制造最终产品。将牛奶巧克力糖浆浇头施加到格兰诺拉麦片基底上使其静置大约1小时。将该棒切成下列尺寸:
高 | 15mm |
宽 | 25mm |
长 | 84mm |
随后将切成的棒在高CP巧克力中浸挂糖衣。
实施例23-带有高CP肉桂焦糖的高CP牛奶巧克力
牛奶巧克力在86℉下手工调温,然后用于在各种形状的模具中制造壳。将大约965克标准焦糖升温至55℃并向该温焦糖中加入20克磨碎的高CP可可提取物和15克肉桂,并充分混合。使该焦糖冷却,然后用挤花袋挤入巧克力壳中。然后将该壳用调温好的巧克力封底并从模具中取出。模制件应由6克牛奶巧克力和4克焦糖构成。
最终产品:
成分 | 用量% |
牛奶巧克力 | 60.0 |
高CP焦糖 | 40.0 |
总量 | 100.00 |
实施例24-高CP黑巧克力/巧克力味牛轧糖
巧克力在86℉-88℉下手工调温并用于在各种形状的模具中制造壳。使用巧克力味牛轧糖的配方制造frappe。将总共5克磨碎的高CP可可提取物添加到104克浆料中,将其以92.40%frappe比7.60%浆料的比率覆盖到冰冻饮料(frappe)上。然后将最终巧克力味牛轧糖在冷却板上压片并切割以适合放入模制壳。然后将该壳用调温好的巧克力封底并从模具中取出。模制件应由22.5克黑巧克力和12.5克巧克力味牛轧糖构成。
成分 | 用量 | 样品# |
巧克力味牛轧糖 | 84.89 | 20 |
黑巧克力 | 15.00 | |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 0.11 |
总量 | 100.00 |
实施例25-含有磨碎的可可提取物和花生的巧克力
使用10lb Sigma桨叶混合机将成分在下列浓度范围内混合在一起。
成分 | %浓度(按重量计) |
蔗糖 | 40.00 |
巧克力浆 | 54.00 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 2.00 |
脂肪 | 3.50 |
卵磷脂 | 0.50 |
总量 | 100.00 |
合并卵磷脂和脂肪并使用10lb.Sigma桨叶混合机混合直至均匀。在第二10lb.Sigma混合机中将所得脂肪/卵磷脂混合物添加到粒状蔗糖中。该蔗糖、脂肪和卵磷脂在大约35℃至大约90℃下混合直至均匀。加入其余成分,包括巧克力浆和磨碎的高CP可可提取物,并混合直至均匀。将所得混合物精制至大约20微米的微米粒度,精炼并标准化。加入最终产品的大约5-30重量%的量的花生以形成含有高可可多酚和L-精氨酸的产品。
实施例26-花生酱食品
将预烘烤的花生按需要与盐和糖一起研磨以形成花生酱。在混合的同时,以总混合物的大约2至3重量%和0.5至3重量%的量向该混合物中加入可可粉和磨碎的高CP可可提取物。该产品含有可可多酚和L-精氨酸。
实施例27-含花生的黑巧克力
使用下列一般配方制备黑巧克力:
成分 | 范围(wt.5) |
蔗糖 | 15-35 |
巧克力浆 | 40-75 |
可可粉 | 1-10 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 0.5-3 |
脂肪 | 1-10 |
香草醛 | 0.1-0.5 |
卵磷脂 | 0.1-1.0 |
总量 | 100.00 |
加入总产品的大约5至30重量%的量的花生。
实施例28-含有高CP可可提取物和L-精氨酸的干饮料混合物
使用下列配方制造含有可可粉、高CP可可提取物和L-精氨酸的干饮料混合物:
成分 | % |
糖 | 59 |
脱脂奶粉 | 20 |
麦芽粉 | 1.9 |
可可粉 | 5.0 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 3.0 |
花生粉 | 10.0 |
香草醛 | <0.01 |
卵磷脂 | <0.995 |
盐 | <0.1 |
调味料 | <0.1 |
总量 | 100.00 |
干成分根据上述配方分批并在Kitchen Aid Professional混合机中使用搅打器以#2速度混合1小时。卵磷脂在使用之前在Niro-AeromaticAgglomerator中团聚。
实施例29-含有甾醇酯的高CP巧克力咀嚼片
由下示成分通过例如在Z桨叶混合机中预混甾醇酯、可可固体、磨碎的高CP可可提取物、卵磷脂和黑巧克力浆或牛奶巧克力浆来制备咀嚼片。将该混合物掺入含有其余成分的煮过的糖浆(加热至66℃)中。该糖浆的湿含量为大约9%。缓慢加入该混合物,翻滚并包裹。最终混合物的湿含量应为大约8.3-8.7%。
黑巧克力咀嚼片:
成分 | %配方 |
玉米糖浆(63D.E.) | 27.000 |
糖(甘蔗或甜菜) | 21.000 |
甜脱脂炼乳 | 15.000 |
黑巧克力浆 | 20.000 |
可可粉(10-12%脂肪) | 6.500 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 1.500 |
Canola甾醇酯 | 6.000 |
固体微生物预混物 | 2.000 |
香草冰淇淋香料 | 0.750 |
大豆卵磷脂 | 0.125 |
盐粉 | 0.125 |
牛奶巧克力咀嚼片:
成分 | %配方 |
玉米糖浆(63D.E.) | 27.000 |
糖-甘蔗或甜菜 | 21.000 |
甜脱脂炼乳 | 15.000 |
牛奶巧克力浆 | 12.000 |
水 | 8.000 |
可可粉(10-12%脂肪) | 6.500 |
磨碎的高CP可可提取物 | 1.500 |
Canola甾醇酯 | 6.000 |
固体维生素预混物 | 2.000 |
香草冰淇淋香料 | 0.750 |
大豆卵磷脂 | 0.125 |
盐粉 | 0.125 |
用于制备该咀嚼片的canola甾醇酯由Raisio Benecol Ltd.of Finland或Raisio Staaco Inc.of tbe U.S供应。该酯具有大约30℃的熔点并在大约50-60℃下加热以确保完全液化。该混合物中存在的植物甾醇包括B-谷甾醇(50.6%)、菜油甾醇(27.6%)、豆甾醇(16.8%)和其它甾醇(5%)。这些甾醇使用U.S.5,502,045中所述的酯交换法酯化。
尽管已由此详细描述了本发明的优选实施方案,要理解的是,由所附权利要求规定的本发明不受上述说明书中阐述的任何特定细节的限制,因为可以在不背离本发明的精神或范围的情况下作出许多显著变动。
Claims (22)
1.磨碎的可可提取物,其具有每克磨碎的提取物至少300毫克的总可可多酚含量,其中所述磨碎的提取物的平均粒度小于15微米和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于30微米。
2.权利要求1的提取物,其中所述总可可多酚含量为300毫克至700毫克,以及其中平均粒度小于10微米和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于20微米。
3.权利要求1的提取物,其中所述总可可多酚含量为400至600毫克,以及其中平均粒度小于5微米和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于10微米。
4.权利要求3的提取物,其中所述总可可多酚含量为400至500毫克。
5.权利要求1的提取物,其中所述可可多酚是表儿荼素、儿茶素和/或它们的原花青素低聚物。
6.添加剂,其基本由(i)脂肪和/或油;(ii)权利要求1所述的磨碎的可可提取物;和(iii)任选乳化剂构成。
7.权利要求6的添加剂,其中所述脂肪是可可脂或乳脂;其中所述油是植物油;其中所述脂肪和/或油以足以在其中分散磨碎的可可提取物的量存在;其中90体积%的磨碎的可可提取物粒子小于20微米;以及其中所述可可多酚包含表儿茶素、儿荼素和/或它们的原花青素低聚物。
8.添加剂,其基本由(i)包含水和营养性碳水化合物甜味剂和/或代糖的糖浆,(ii)磨碎的可可提取物,和(iii)任选脂肪和/或油构成;
其中,所述糖浆以足以在其中分散磨碎的可可提取物的量存在;其中所述磨碎的可可提取物包含可可多酚并具有每克磨碎的可可提取物至少300毫克的总可可多酚含量;其中所述磨碎的可可提取物具有小于15微米的平均粒度和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于30微米;以及其中所述可可多酚包含表儿茶素、儿荼素和/或它们的原花青素低聚物。
9.权利要求8的添加剂,其中所述营养性碳水化合物甜味剂是玉米糖浆或其掺合物和其他甜味剂;其中所述磨碎的可可提取物具有400毫克至700毫克的总可可多酚含量;其中平均粒度小于10微米和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于20微米;其中如果存在脂肪,则所述脂肪是可可脂或乳脂;以及其中如果存在油,则所述油是植物油。
10.权利要求6或8的添加剂,其中所述磨碎的可可提取物的平均粒度小于5微米和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于10微米。
11.食品或药品,其包含(i)磨碎的可可提取物和(ii)脂肪、油和/或糖浆;其中所述磨碎的可可提取物含有每克磨碎的提取物至少300毫克的总可可多酚;以及其中所述磨碎的可可提取物具有小于15微米的平均粒度和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于30微米。
12.权利要求11的食品或药品,其中所述食品是医疗食品或膳食补充剂。
13.权利要求11的食品,其中所述食品是具有连续脂肪相的食品;中等湿度食品;充气食品;干粉包衣;干粉混合物;或烘焙食品;其中所述脂肪是可可脂或乳脂;其中所述油是植物油;其中所述糖浆是营养性碳水化合物甜味剂和/或代糖的水溶液;其中所述可可多酚是表儿荼素、儿荼素和/或它们的原花青素低聚物;其中所述磨碎的可可提取物具有每克磨碎的提取物400至700毫克的总可可多酚含量;以及其中所述磨碎的可可提取物的平均粒度小于15微米和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于30微米。
14.巧克力,其选自黑巧克力、烘焙巧克力、半甜巧克力、甜巧克力、牛奶巧克力、混合乳制品巧克力和白巧克力;所述巧克力含有磨碎的可可提取物,所述磨碎的可可提取物具有每克磨碎的提取物至少300毫克的总可可多酚含量;以及其中所述磨碎的可可提取物具有小于15微米的平均粒度和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于30微米。
15.权利要求14的巧克力,其是低脂巧克力、充气巧克力或复合包衣巧克力。
16.权利要求14的巧克力,其中总可可多酚含量为400毫克至700毫克;以及其中磨碎的可可提取物的平均粒度小于10微米和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于20微米。
17.权利要求16的巧克力,其中所述巧克力是牛奶巧克力;其中所述总可可多酚含量为400至500毫克;以及其中所述平均粒度小于5微米和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于10微米。
18.巧克力,其包含权利要求1所述的磨碎的可可提取物,所述巧克力以降低的苦味和降低的涩味为特征。
19.权利要求18的巧克力,其中基于0至15的标度,苦味降低0.5个单位,以及其中基于0至15的标度,涩味降低0.5个单位。
20.权利要求18的巧克力,其中基于0至15的标度,涩味降低0.75个单位。
21.权利要求18的巧克力,其中基于0至15的标度,涩味降低多于0.75个单位。
22.制备包含可可多酚的巧克力的方法,其包括下列步骤:
(a)提供包含一种或更多种碳水化合物成分、一种或更多种可可成分和任选一种或更多种含乳固体的成分的混合物;和
(b)在研拌或精制之前、之后或其过程中向所述成分混合物中加入磨碎的可可提取物,所述磨碎的可可提取物具有每克磨碎的提取物至少300毫克的总可可多酚含量;其中所述磨碎的可可提取物具有小于15微米的平均粒度和/或其中90体积%的粒子小于30微米。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/766224 | 2007-06-21 | ||
US11/766,224 | 2007-06-21 | ||
US11/766,224 US9114114B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2007-06-21 | Edible products having a high cocoa polyphenol content and improved flavor and the milled cocoa extracts used therein |
PCT/US2008/065763 WO2008157039A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2008-06-04 | Edible products having a high cocoa polyphenol content and improved flavor and the milled cocoa extracts used therein |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101795576A CN101795576A (zh) | 2010-08-04 |
CN101795576B true CN101795576B (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
Family
ID=40136766
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN200880103750.4A Active CN101795576B (zh) | 2007-06-21 | 2008-06-04 | 具有高可可多酚含量和改善的风味的食用产品和其中所用的磨碎的可可提取物 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9114114B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2170091B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP5815944B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101795576B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2008266642B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0813502B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2690648C (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2637895T3 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL202739A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2009013744A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2476075C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2008157039A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (36)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0801119D0 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-02-27 | Barry Callebaut Ag | Composition |
US20120015094A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 | 2012-01-19 | The Folgers Coffee Company | Ground roast coffee tablet |
EP2416665B1 (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2017-01-04 | The Folger Coffee Company | Ground roast coffee tablet |
WO2011072224A1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Hero Nutritionals, LLC | Dark chocolate delivery system for a combination of dietary supplements and pharmaceuticals |
US20110236560A1 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2011-09-29 | Daniel Perlman | Food supplementation with phenolic antioxidants in vinegar |
CA2791629C (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2019-04-23 | Mars, Incorporated | Palatable beverages and compositions with cocoa extract |
ES2707816T3 (es) * | 2010-03-05 | 2019-04-05 | Mars Inc | Bebidas y composiciones proteínicas acidificadas |
US8486470B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2013-07-16 | Neu Naturals, Llc | Ready-to-eat food product |
JP5799544B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-28 | 2015-10-28 | ユーハ味覚糖株式会社 | チョコレート |
BR112013025749B1 (pt) | 2011-04-18 | 2020-01-14 | Poet Res Incorporated | sistemas e métodos para fracionamento de vinhaça |
CN103648292B (zh) * | 2011-06-03 | 2016-06-01 | 好时公司 | 制备充气的烘焙食品产品和巧克力产品的工艺和配方 |
JP5897294B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-29 | 2016-03-30 | 株式会社明治 | 含気チョコレート |
JP5948871B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-28 | 2016-07-06 | 株式会社東洋新薬 | ポリフェノール含有組成物 |
KR101386146B1 (ko) | 2013-11-13 | 2014-04-17 | 김양중 | 호두초콜릿의 제조방법, 그에 의해 제조된 호두초콜릿 및 호두초콜릿을 함유하는 식품 |
RU2538114C1 (ru) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-01-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЮПЕКО" (ООО "ЮПЕКО") | Низкокалорийный пищевой батончик |
RU2567199C1 (ru) * | 2014-06-23 | 2015-11-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пензенский государственный технологический университет" | Способ приготовления кекса с экструдатом пшеничных отрубей |
CA2962791C (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2023-08-22 | North Carolina State University | Methods and compositions for attenuating allergenicity in protein products |
EP3272351A4 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2018-12-05 | Meiji Co., Ltd. | Composition for facilitating production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
US10059966B2 (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2018-08-28 | Flint Hills Resources, Lp | Processes for recovering products from a corn fermentation mash |
US11718863B2 (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2023-08-08 | Poet Grain (Octane), Llc | Processes for recovering products from a slurry |
CA3006308A1 (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-01 | Flint Hills Resources, Lp | Methods and systems for grinding corn and making ethanol therefrom |
US11248197B2 (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2022-02-15 | Poet Grain (Octane), Llc | Processes for recovering products from a corn fermentation mash |
KR20180047894A (ko) * | 2016-11-01 | 2018-05-10 | 주식회사 삼양사 | 저칼로리 시리얼 바 조성물 |
CA3048861A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-05 | Mars, Incorporated | Systems and methods for reduced refining during cocoa liquor processing |
FR3061416B1 (fr) * | 2016-12-29 | 2021-06-18 | Basf Beauty Care Solutions France Sas | Utilisation de l'eau de coco comme solvant d'extraction |
MX2020001932A (es) * | 2017-09-01 | 2020-03-24 | Hershey Co | Composiciones alimenticias que contienen producto de cacao de sabor atenuado como masa de relleno. |
US11083765B2 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2021-08-10 | Andrew Scott Davis | Hemp leaf chew composition and method for producing |
CN112384072A (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2021-02-19 | 马斯公司 | 巧克力糖食 |
WO2020243263A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | Macapan Hawaii Llc | Confectionary compositions |
EP3747275A1 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-09 | ODC Lizenz AG | Cocoa extraction methods and techniques |
WO2021026103A1 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-11 | Mars, Incorporated | Novel preparation of fat-based confections |
ES2818398A1 (es) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-04-12 | Csult Edorma S L | Procedimiento para la fabricacion de composiciones grasas homogeneas |
US11730172B2 (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2023-08-22 | Poet Research, Inc. | Methods and systems for concentrating a solids stream recovered from a process stream in a biorefinery |
WO2022243214A1 (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-24 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Non-effervescent fast dissolvable tablets comprising cocoa powder |
EP4360468A1 (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-05-01 | Frederik Jozef Depoorter | A method to produce cacao granulate |
EP4381953A1 (de) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-06-12 | Delica AG | Zusammensetzung für ein schokoladeähnliches produkt, schokoladeähnliches produkt und herstellung der zusammensetzung |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1300189A (zh) * | 1998-03-12 | 2001-06-20 | 马尔斯公司 | 刺激氧化氮生产的含有多酚和l-精氨酸的制品 |
US20040081715A1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2004-04-29 | Mars, Incorporated | Compositions and methods for improving vascular health |
CN1933736A (zh) * | 2004-05-24 | 2007-03-21 | 纳崔塞迪卡股份有限公司 | 制备可可多酚提浓物的方法 |
Family Cites Families (88)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1925326A (en) * | 1929-11-13 | 1933-09-05 | Battle Creek Food Company | Theobromine extracting process |
US2380158A (en) * | 1942-10-21 | 1945-07-10 | Inredeco Inc | Method of preparing a cocoa extract |
US2515794A (en) * | 1946-05-15 | 1950-07-18 | Moorehead Mfg Co Inc | Method of preparing cocoa extracts |
US2512663A (en) * | 1947-04-25 | 1950-06-27 | Choco Essence Inc | Chocolate essence or extract |
GB751121A (en) | 1953-07-10 | 1956-06-27 | Gen Foods Corp | Improvements in or relating to chocolate flavoring material |
US2835585A (en) * | 1953-07-10 | 1958-05-20 | Gen Foods Corp | Chocolate product and process therefor |
US2823124A (en) * | 1955-02-14 | 1958-02-11 | Limpert Bros Inc | Process for preparation of chocolate extract or chocolate syrup from cocoa |
US2954293A (en) * | 1958-02-28 | 1960-09-27 | Gen Foods Corp | Preparation of chocolate flavoring |
US2957169A (en) * | 1959-08-03 | 1960-10-18 | Jr Rex H White | Luminous sphere |
US3559895A (en) * | 1968-02-20 | 1971-02-02 | Edwin F Fay | Apparatus for and method of comminuting solid materials |
US3615659A (en) * | 1968-08-28 | 1971-10-26 | Wisconsin Research Associates | Preparing a chocolate-flavored beverage |
DE2055030C3 (de) | 1970-11-09 | 1978-06-22 | Dragoco Gerberding & Co Gmbh, 3450 Holzminden | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kakaoextrakts |
US4156030A (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-05-22 | Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A. | Cocoa shell extract |
US4189102A (en) * | 1978-05-10 | 1980-02-19 | Andrews Norwood H | Comminuting and classifying apparatus and process of the re-entrant circulating stream jet type |
US4343818A (en) * | 1978-08-15 | 1982-08-10 | Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A. | Cocoa product and process of preparation |
US4224354A (en) * | 1978-09-22 | 1980-09-23 | Union Process International, Inc. | Method for making chocolate and chocolate flavored materials |
DE2910539C2 (de) * | 1978-11-10 | 1986-07-24 | Iwatani Sangyo K.K., Osaka | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Kakaopulver |
US4407834A (en) * | 1981-05-21 | 1983-10-04 | Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A. | Recovery of xanthine stimulants from aqueous media |
US4390698A (en) * | 1981-05-21 | 1983-06-28 | Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A. | Detheobromination of cocoa |
CH641935A5 (fr) * | 1981-07-22 | 1984-03-30 | Nestle Sa | Procede d'elimination des composes stimulants du cacao. |
JPS59169452A (ja) * | 1983-03-15 | 1984-09-25 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd | カカオ豆の処理方法 |
US4504017A (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1985-03-12 | Norandy, Incorporated | Apparatus for comminuting materials to extremely fine size using a circulating stream jet mill and a discrete but interconnected and interdependent rotating anvil-jet impact mill |
US4532147A (en) * | 1983-08-03 | 1985-07-30 | General Foods Corporation | Cacao product and process therefor |
HU196323B (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1988-11-28 | Magyar Aluminium | Air-jet mill for fine and/or cryogenic grinding, surface treating advantageously hard, elastic and/or thermoplastic matters |
US4970090A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-11-13 | Mccormick & Company, Inc. | Enhanced cocoa extract flavorings |
KR910004494B1 (ko) | 1988-10-21 | 1991-07-05 | 롯데제과 주식회사 | 카카오콩 껍질(cacao bean husk)의 수용성 추출물을 배합한 충치예방 츄잉껌의 제조방법 |
KR900007862A (ko) * | 1988-11-10 | 1990-06-02 | 정보영 | 카카오 콩 껍질(cacao bean husk)추출물로부터 세파덱스 g-50(sephadex g-50)에의해 분획된 f-1, f-2의 글루칸 합성 저해물질 |
US4956429A (en) * | 1989-03-01 | 1990-09-11 | Penick Corporation | Method of making a coca leaf flavor extract |
DE3908649A1 (de) * | 1989-03-16 | 1990-09-20 | Jacobs Suchard Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines loeslichen kakaoerzeugnisses |
DE3912819A1 (de) | 1989-04-19 | 1990-11-08 | Jacobs Suchard Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von kakao-extrakt |
JPH05184298A (ja) | 1992-01-10 | 1993-07-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | カカオマスの処理方法 |
JP3095605B2 (ja) | 1994-02-04 | 2000-10-10 | 明治製菓株式会社 | 抗酸化物質を含有する健康飲食品および抗酸化物質の製造法 |
JP3063818B2 (ja) | 1994-04-01 | 2000-07-12 | 明治製菓株式会社 | 胃潰瘍予防飲食品 |
US5554645A (en) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-09-10 | Mars, Incorporated | Antineoplastic cocoa extracts and methods for making and using the same |
US5637344A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1997-06-10 | Hershey Foods Corporation | Chocolate flavored hard candy |
JP3594152B2 (ja) | 1996-02-08 | 2004-11-24 | 明治製菓株式会社 | ストレスに対する適応形成を促進させる飲食品 |
JPH09224606A (ja) | 1996-02-19 | 1997-09-02 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd | 発ガン予防物質を含有する健康飲食品 |
JPH09234018A (ja) | 1996-03-01 | 1997-09-09 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd | 糖尿病合併症予防作用を有する飲食品 |
US6261565B1 (en) | 1996-03-13 | 2001-07-17 | Archer Daniels Midland Company | Method of preparing and using isoflavones |
US6297273B1 (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 2001-10-02 | Mars, Inc. | Use of cocoa solids having high cocoa polyphenol content in tabletting compositions and capsule filling compositions |
AU5711696A (en) | 1996-04-02 | 1997-10-22 | Mars, Incorporated | Cocoa extract compounds and methods for making and using the same |
US6312753B1 (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 2001-11-06 | Mars, Incorporated | Cocoa components, edible products having enriched polyphenol content, methods of making same and medical uses |
US6015913A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 2000-01-18 | Mars, Incorporated | Method for producing fat and/or solids from cocoa beans |
US7968140B2 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2011-06-28 | Mars, Incorporated | Chocolates and chocolate liquor having an enhanced polyphenol content |
US6007857A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-12-28 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd. | Process for producing granular cocoa |
US5912363A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-06-15 | Interhealth Nutraceuticals | Method for extraction of proanthocyanidins from plant material |
US6805883B2 (en) | 1998-03-12 | 2004-10-19 | Mars, Incorporated | Food products containing polyphenol(s) and L-arginine to stimulate nitric oxide |
ATE242795T1 (de) * | 1998-03-13 | 2003-06-15 | Frische Gmbh | Verfahren zur lösungsmittel-extraktion hydrophober verbingdungen |
JPH11308978A (ja) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd | 高コレステロール血症予防飲食品 |
GB2339381A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-26 | Mars Inc | Tempering chocolate with cocoa powder |
EP1026164A1 (en) | 1999-02-02 | 2000-08-09 | ADM Cocoa B.V. | Process for extracting polyphenolic antioxidants from purine-containing plants |
US6576275B1 (en) | 1999-02-02 | 2003-06-10 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Process for extracting polyphenolic antioxidants from purine-containing plants |
US20030206981A1 (en) * | 1999-04-15 | 2003-11-06 | Lotte Confectionery Co., Ltd. | Methods of using and compositions comprising cacao extract including dietary fiber |
US6207702B1 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2001-03-27 | Mars, Incorporated | Method for reducing postprandial oxidative stress using cocoa procyanidins |
WO2001045726A2 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-28 | Mars, Incorporated | The use of procyanidins in the modulation of cytokine gene expression and protein secretion |
US20020001651A1 (en) * | 2000-01-24 | 2002-01-03 | Norris Leslie Marie | Method of altering and improving taste characteristics of edible consumables with monomeric or oligomeric polyphenolic compounds |
AU2001255286A1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-10-30 | Mars, Incorporated | Extraction of sterols from cocoa hulls |
IT1317035B1 (it) | 2000-05-30 | 2003-05-26 | Sigma Tau Healthscience Spa | Integratore ad attivita' antiossidante comprendente unaalcanoilcarnitina ed una associazione di polifenoli estratti dal |
US6627232B1 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2003-09-30 | Mars Incorporated | Method for extracting cocoa procyanidins |
FR2810242B1 (fr) | 2000-06-16 | 2003-01-17 | Nuxe Lab | Composition cosmetique et/ou dermatologique a base d'extraits de cacao |
FR2812873B1 (fr) | 2000-08-11 | 2003-08-01 | Barry Callebaut France | Procede de production de polyphenols a partir de feves de cacao |
JP4124952B2 (ja) | 2000-10-19 | 2008-07-23 | 靖一 田沼 | 癌転移抑制剤及びこれを含有する飲食品 |
JP4368519B2 (ja) | 2000-11-24 | 2009-11-18 | 明治製菓株式会社 | 抽出ココアパウダー及びそれを含有する飲食物 |
US20020172732A1 (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2002-11-21 | Wies Ter Laak | Composition comprising cocoa |
KR100460103B1 (ko) | 2001-10-18 | 2004-12-04 | 롯데제과주식회사 | 카카오 콩 또는 콩껍질 분획물을 함유하는 소화기계 발암 억제제 |
ATE361671T1 (de) | 2002-03-20 | 2007-06-15 | Nestle Sa | Kakaoextrakt mit niedrigem fettgehalt |
FR2838055B1 (fr) | 2002-04-05 | 2006-06-09 | Cep | Nouvelle utilisation d'un extrait de cacao et les compositions cosmetiques et/ou dermatologiques a cet effet |
JP3595816B2 (ja) | 2002-04-24 | 2004-12-02 | 株式会社東洋新薬 | プロアントシアニジン含有物の製造方法 |
US20050152852A1 (en) | 2002-05-27 | 2005-07-14 | Morinaga & Co., Ltd. | Use of antibacterial component extracted from cacao mass for inhibiting the growth of periodontal bacteria |
CN100350851C (zh) * | 2002-06-21 | 2007-11-28 | 雀巢技术公司 | 用于尤其在巧克力及类似产品的生产中使粉状脂肪基产品液化的方法和装置 |
US20040161511A1 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-08-19 | Mars Incorporated | Grinding and mixing edible fat-based slurries and emulsions using a vibratory media mill |
US7329429B2 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2008-02-12 | Chimel Mark J | Bars and confectioneries containing cocoa solids having a high cocoa polyphenol content and sterol/stanol esters and processes for their preparation |
US20050074521A1 (en) | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-07 | Sensient Flavors Inc. | Method for the production of natural botanical extracts |
RU2272225C2 (ru) * | 2003-12-22 | 2006-03-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "ИНОКАР" | Способ нагрева жидкости |
GB2410172B (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2007-03-21 | Natraceutical Sa | Chocolate flavour extract |
BRPI0400056B1 (pt) * | 2004-02-11 | 2017-03-21 | Meller Equipamentos E Tecnologia Indústria E Comércio Ltda | máquina tipo concha, instalação e processo para fabricação de massa de chocolate |
JP4368727B2 (ja) | 2004-04-19 | 2009-11-18 | 明治製菓株式会社 | カカオ破砕物、カカオ抽出物、カカオ飲料、並びにカカオ破砕物の製造方法 |
EP1841779A2 (fr) | 2005-01-28 | 2007-10-10 | Barry Callebaut AG | Utilisation de polyphenols du cacao pour le traitement de l'hyperplasie de la prostate, extrait de cacao, specifique et applications |
ES2277516B1 (es) | 2005-05-05 | 2008-06-01 | Natraceutical, S.A. | Proceso para preparar un extracto de cacao altamente soluble. |
EP1728434B1 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2008-12-24 | Kraft Foods R & D, Inc. | Process for the manufacture of a polyphenol-enriched composition from cocoa shell extraction |
US20070003640A1 (en) | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Hammerstone John F Jr | Process for controlling the isomerization of (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin in edible products |
WO2007062206A2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-31 | Mid-South Technologies | Chocolate formulations with functional properties |
US20100291260A1 (en) | 2006-01-17 | 2010-11-18 | Barry Callebaut Ag | Use of cacao polyphenols in beer production |
US20070219146A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-09-20 | Sunil Bhaskaran | Synergistic Pharmaceutical And/Or Neutraceutical Flavanoid Composition For Management Of Diabetes Mellitus |
JP2009527487A (ja) | 2006-02-16 | 2009-07-30 | ザ ハーシー カンパニー | ココア製品及び心血管状態を無糖ココアで処置する方法 |
CA2645419C (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2016-10-25 | The Hershey Company | Steeped cocoa compositions and functional cocoa beverages made from them |
EP2071961B1 (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2015-11-18 | Naturex | Method for obtaining cocoa extracts with a high content of polyphenols |
US8067051B2 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2011-11-29 | Kraft Foods R & D, Inc. | Process for milling cocoa shells |
-
2007
- 2007-06-21 US US11/766,224 patent/US9114114B2/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-06-04 ES ES08756680.8T patent/ES2637895T3/es active Active
- 2008-06-04 JP JP2010513317A patent/JP5815944B2/ja active Active
- 2008-06-04 RU RU2010101793/10A patent/RU2476075C2/ru active
- 2008-06-04 CN CN200880103750.4A patent/CN101795576B/zh active Active
- 2008-06-04 AU AU2008266642A patent/AU2008266642B2/en active Active
- 2008-06-04 CA CA2690648A patent/CA2690648C/en active Active
- 2008-06-04 MX MX2009013744A patent/MX2009013744A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2008-06-04 WO PCT/US2008/065763 patent/WO2008157039A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-06-04 EP EP08756680.8A patent/EP2170091B1/en active Active
- 2008-06-04 BR BRPI0813502A patent/BRPI0813502B1/pt active IP Right Grant
-
2009
- 2009-12-15 IL IL202739A patent/IL202739A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2014
- 2014-05-28 JP JP2014110146A patent/JP2014158504A/ja active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-07-24 US US14/808,534 patent/US10155017B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1300189A (zh) * | 1998-03-12 | 2001-06-20 | 马尔斯公司 | 刺激氧化氮生产的含有多酚和l-精氨酸的制品 |
US20040081715A1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2004-04-29 | Mars, Incorporated | Compositions and methods for improving vascular health |
CN1933736A (zh) * | 2004-05-24 | 2007-03-21 | 纳崔塞迪卡股份有限公司 | 制备可可多酚提浓物的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
殷露琴.可可饮料及其稳定性研究.《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库 (硕士) 工程科技Ⅰ辑》.2007,(第2期),第3页1.1.1.3部分,第15页表2.4,第32页第3段. * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2008266642A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
IL202739A0 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
EP2170091A4 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
WO2008157039A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
JP5815944B2 (ja) | 2015-11-17 |
MX2009013744A (es) | 2010-02-01 |
RU2476075C2 (ru) | 2013-02-27 |
JP2014158504A (ja) | 2014-09-04 |
CA2690648A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
US20150352163A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
CN101795576A (zh) | 2010-08-04 |
BRPI0813502A2 (pt) | 2014-12-30 |
RU2010101793A (ru) | 2011-07-27 |
US9114114B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
IL202739A (en) | 2013-10-31 |
BRPI0813502B1 (pt) | 2018-08-28 |
CA2690648C (en) | 2016-05-17 |
AU2008266642B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
EP2170091A1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
JP2010530246A (ja) | 2010-09-09 |
ES2637895T3 (es) | 2017-10-17 |
US20080317891A1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
EP2170091B1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
US10155017B2 (en) | 2018-12-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101795576B (zh) | 具有高可可多酚含量和改善的风味的食用产品和其中所用的磨碎的可可提取物 | |
US7329429B2 (en) | Bars and confectioneries containing cocoa solids having a high cocoa polyphenol content and sterol/stanol esters and processes for their preparation | |
RU2242880C2 (ru) | Способ переработки какао-бобов, частично обезжиренные твердые вещества какао и содержащий их пищевой продукт | |
US6312753B1 (en) | Cocoa components, edible products having enriched polyphenol content, methods of making same and medical uses | |
US20020064584A1 (en) | Dry drink mix and chocolate flavored drink made therefrom | |
US20080069794A1 (en) | Procyanidin-L-arginine combinations | |
AU2002301733B2 (en) | Cocoa components, edible products having enhanced polyphenol content, methods of making same and medical uses | |
MXPA99002178A (es) | Componentes de cacao, productos comestibles que tienen un contenido realzado de polifenol, metodos para elaborarlos y usos medicos | |
AU2007203454A1 (en) | Cocoa components, edible products having enhanced polyphenol content, methods of making same and medical uses | |
MXPA00008862A (en) | Food products having enhanced cocoa polyphenol content and processes for producing same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |