CN101744146A - Fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101744146A CN101744146A CN200910200570A CN200910200570A CN101744146A CN 101744146 A CN101744146 A CN 101744146A CN 200910200570 A CN200910200570 A CN 200910200570A CN 200910200570 A CN200910200570 A CN 200910200570A CN 101744146 A CN101744146 A CN 101744146A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle and a preparing method thereof. The nutritious diet comprises 0 to 18kg of silage corns, 2 to 4kg of bran dregs, 0.5 to 2.0kg of soy sauce dregs, 2 to 4kg of Chinese wildrye or rice straws, 2 to 5kg of alfalfa grass and 4 to 12kg of grain feed mixed material. The preparing method comprises the following steps: (1) rubbing the Chinese wildrye or the rice straws and the alfalfa grass, filling in an agitator, orderly adding the silage corns, the bran dregs, the soy sauce dregs, the grain feed mixed material and water, agitating for 3 to 5 minutes, and uniformly mixing; (2) packing and vacuum sealing; (3) stacking and fermenting. The diet has broad raw material resources and is low in cost. Unconventional forage resources can be utilized to the utmost degree. The usage of the silage corns is reduced, and the silage corns can even be not used. The storage period of the forage is extended, the forage is conveniently transported and fed, and the economical benefit of the pastures is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to full-value nutritious diet and preparation field thereof, particularly relate to a kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
TMR feeds and utilizes technology at first to apply in countries such as the U.S., Britain, Israel the sixties in 20th century.Through constantly development in nearly more than 60 years, the flourishing countries of milk industry such as the U.S., Canada, Israel, Holland, Italy generally adopted the TMR breeding technology at present.China has introduced the TMR breeding technology from the eighties domestic, and some large-scale cattle farms on ground such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou have been used the TMR breeding technology now, and have obtained good effect.TMR popularizing and using, and is acknowledged as the thought revolution second time of milk cattle cultivating pattern, takes in for the nutrition that guarantees the milk cow equilibrium, saves great amount of manpower and material resources, increases substantially the production performance of global milk cow, has played positive effect.
More and the comparative maturity of current application fermentation TMR the area mainly concentrate on Japan, Korea S and part country in Southeast Asia, Japan particularly, its fermentation TMR feeds ratio between 10-20%.Fermentation TMR has outside the characteristics of fresh TMR, also has other characteristics, and as long shelf-life, the large quantity of moisture that contains that makes full use of seasonality, interior generation in short-term is difficult for being kept at various conventional feed raw materials again, and some inorganic elements are converted into organic element.Remove in addition, fermentation TMR is easy to operate on Product transport and milk cow are fed.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle and preparation method thereof, these daily ration raw material sources are extensive, cost is low, can farthest realize unconventional feed resource utilization, reduce the consumption of silage corn or need not, prolong the storage life of feed and be convenient to transportation and feed, increase the pasture economic benefit.
A kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle of the present invention, component comprises: silage corn 0-18kg, groove slag 2-4kg, residue of soya 0.5-2.0kg, sheep's hay and/or straw 2-4kg, clover grass 2-5kg and fine fodder compound 4-12kg.
Described groove slag is soybean residue, schlempe or molasses.
Described fine fodder compound is corn, compressing tablet corn, barley, wheat, cottonseed, rice bran, DDGS, dregs of rice class, grease, corn protein powder, sodium bicarbonate, expanded soybean, soybean skin, maize peel, wheat bran, dried orange peel, phosphorus calcium, salt, magnesia, yeast culture.
Described dregs of rice class is the cottonseed dregs of rice, dregs of beans or beet pulp.
Fine fodder prescription of mixed materials 1 (20kg milk yield): corn 3.0kg, barley 1.5kg, rice bran 1.0kg, DDGS 1.0kg, molasses 0.6kg, sodium bicarbonate, phosphorus calcium, salt 0.37kg.
Fine fodder prescription of mixed materials 2 (30kg milk yield): corn 2.2kg, flatten corn 1.8kg, rice bran 1.5kg, cottonseed 1.5kg, dregs of beans 2.3kg, DDGS0.72kg, barley 0.45kg, sodium bicarbonate, phosphorus calcium, salt, yeast culture, magnesia 0.58kg.
The preparation method of a kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle of the present invention comprises:
(1) sheep's hay and/or straw 2-4kg, clover grass 2-5kg etc. are grown grass, adding kneading machine successively according to the program of feeding intake rubs, directly add in the mixer afterwards, preface adds silage corn 0-18kg, groove slag class 2-4kg, residue of soya 0.5-2.0kg, fine fodder compound 4-12kg successively again, stirred 3-5 minute with water, mix; Water is the 45%-50% of gross weight in the whole daily ration;
(2) with the above-mentioned bag of packing into that divides successively, seal after the vacuum drawn;
(3) with stacking fermentation after the above-mentioned sealing, promptly get fermented type full-value nutritious diet.
The condition of described step (3) fermentation is:
First kind, during environment temperature 〉=20 ℃, placing can ferment in 10-15 days finishes;
Second kind, in the time of 20 ℃ 〉=environment temperature 〉=5 ℃, placing can ferment in 15-20 days finishes;
The third, during environment temperature≤5 ℃, placing can ferment in 20-30 days finishes.
Described step (3) daily ration color is light yellow, pure fragrance, and moisture is 45%-50%, pH is 3.6-5.
Fermented type full-value nutritious diet of the present invention is applicable to that the milk cow difference is grown and the nutritional need in each lactation stage and raising purpose, according to nourishing regulate and control technique and the design of many feed collocations principle.
Fermented type full-value nutritious diet is meant creates anaerobic environment artificially on the TMR basis, thereby carries out biofermentation and the fermented feed product that forms.By the biofermentation effect, thick protein, the macromolecular substances in the starch, crude fibre that milk cow is difficult to digest and assimilate, the processing decomposition is transformed into the little molecular nutrition materials of easily digesting and assimilating such as glucose, amino acid and vitamin, and to produce lot of organic acids, microbial bacteria body protein, bioactive micro peptide amino acid, microbial activity probio, complex enzyme formulation be the bioactivator of one, but harmful microorganism such as kill pathogenic bacteria also simultaneously.By the feed of biofermentation, good palatability, trans-utilization rate height can be kept microecological balance and the immunity that strengthens function in the animal body.
Beneficial effect
Daily ration raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, and cost is low, can farthest realize unconventional feed resource utilization, reduce the consumption of silage corn or need not, prolong the storage life of feed and be convenient to transportation and feed, increase the pasture economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 fermented type full-value nutritious diet is to the influence of cow feeding amount;
Fig. 2 fermented type full-value nutritious diet is to the influence of cow feeding speed;
The influence that Fig. 3 fermented type full-value nutritious diet is ruminated milk cow.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle, preparation comprises:
(1) sheep's hay and straw 2kg, clover grass 4kg etc. are grown grass, adding kneading machine successively according to the program of feeding intake rubs, directly add afterwards in the mixer, preface adding silage corn 10kg, groove slag 4kg, residue of soya 1kg, fine fodder compound 7.47kg and water stirred 3-5 minute successively again, mixed; Water is the 45%-50% of gross weight in the whole daily ration;
(2) with the above-mentioned bag of packing into that divides successively, seal after the vacuum drawn;
(3) with stacking fermentation 10-15 days after the above-mentioned sealing, promptly get fermented type full-value nutritious diet.
One, materials and methods
1, the test ox is only: 84 of selection lactation middle and later periods milk cows, be divided into two groups at random, and 47 of test group, control group is 37.
2, experimental design: transition period, fresh with feed again after fermented type full-value nutritious diet mixes, reduce principle synchronously according to dry and carry out, embodiment 1 fermented type full-value nutritious diet of all searching for food after the transitional period finishes.Duct type is milked, and freely drinks water.Day feeds three times.
3, testing index: measure actual feed intake, grazing speed observation respectively, ruminate situation.
Two, result
1, to the influence of feed intake
From actual feed intake situation, through after 15-17 days feed, the test group milk cow can adapt to feeding of fermentation TMR substantially well, and the fermentation TMR daily ration of all searching for food is seen Fig. 1.
(2) to the influence of grazing speed
As can be seen from Figure 2, in the initial 8 day time of feeding, search for food the time substantially all between 70 minutes to 80 minutes for two groups, by the time beginning in the 10th day, about two groups of cow feeding time decreased to 65 minute, this explanation fermentation TMR group milk cow of feeding adapts to feeding of the TMR that ferments, substantially with the milk cow indifference of the fresh TMR of searching for food.
(3) influence to ruminating
From figure as can be seen, the situation of the ruminating basically identical of two groups of oxen was ruminated and to be shown increase trend in initial 5 days, all decreased subsequently, remained on a basicly stable level then, and the rate of on average ruminating is seen Fig. 3 all more than 40%.
(4) brief summary
This result of the test shows that milk cow can adapt to feeding of fermentation TMR, and its grazing speed, the situation of ruminating do not have significant difference with the fresh TMR group milk cow of feeding.
Claims (6)
1. fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle, component comprises: silage corn 0-18kg, groove slag 2-4kg, residue of soya 0.5-2.0kg, sheep's hay and/or straw 2-4kg, clover grass 2-5kg and fine fodder compound 4-12kg.
2. a kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described groove slag is soybean residue, schlempe or molasses.
3. a kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fine fodder compound is corn, compressing tablet corn, barley, wheat, cottonseed, rice bran, DDGS, dregs of rice class, grease, corn protein powder, sodium bicarbonate, expanded soybean, soybean skin, maize peel, wheat bran, dried orange peel, phosphorus calcium, salt, magnesia, yeast culture.
4. a kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fine fodder compound for the 20kg milk yield is: corn 3.0kg, barley 1.5kg, rice bran 1.0kg, DDGS 1.0kg, molasses 0.6kg, sodium bicarbonate, phosphorus calcium, salt 0.37kg.
5. a kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fine fodder compound for the 30kg milk yield is: corn 2.2kg, flatten corn 1.8kg, rice bran 1.5kg, cottonseed 1.5kg, dregs of beans 2.3kg, DDGS0.72kg, barley 0.45kg, sodium bicarbonate, phosphorus calcium, salt, yeast culture, magnesia 0.58kg.
6. the preparation method of a fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle comprises:
(1) with sheep's hay and/or straw 2-4kg, clover grass 2-5kg, adding kneading machine successively according to the program of feeding intake rubs, directly add in the mixer afterwards, preface adds silage corn 0-18kg, groove slag 2-4kg, residue of soya 0.5-2.0kg, fine fodder compound 4-12kg successively again, stirred 3-5 minute with water, mix; Water is the 45%-50% of gross weight in the whole daily ration;
(2) with the above-mentioned bag of packing into that divides successively, seal after the vacuum drawn;
(3) with stacking fermentation after the above-mentioned sealing, promptly get fermented type full-value nutritious diet.
7. the preparation method of a kind of fermented type full-value nutritious diet for dairy cattle according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the condition of described step (3) fermentation is:
First kind, during environment temperature 〉=20 ℃, placing can ferment in 10-15 days finishes;
Second kind, in the time of 20 ℃ 〉=environment temperature 〉=5 ℃, placing can ferment in 15-20 days finishes;
The third, during environment temperature≤5 ℃, placing can ferment in 20-30 days finishes.
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Cited By (25)
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| CN101999552A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-04-06 | 上海市奶牛研究所 | TMR (total mixed ration) fermented feed taking rice grass as raw material for replacement dairy cows and preparation method thereof |
| CN101999549A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-04-06 | 上海市奶牛研究所 | Totally mixed rations (TMR) fermented feed which serves wheat straw as raw material and is used for reserve cattle of dairy cattle and preparation method thereof |
| CN101999548A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-04-06 | 上海市奶牛研究所 | Replacement milk cow TMR fermented feed using rice stalk as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102058032A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-05-18 | 大连雪龙产业集团有限公司 | Beef cattle fine fodder and processing method thereof |
| CN102178073A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-09-14 | 上海市奶牛研究所 | fermented TMR (Total Mixed Ration) for 7-13-month old replacement cattle and preparation method of the fermented TMR |
| CN102550862A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-07-11 | 包头市北辰饲料科技有限责任公司 | Total mixed ration for high producing dairy cows |
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2009
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| CN101999548A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-04-06 | 上海市奶牛研究所 | Replacement milk cow TMR fermented feed using rice stalk as raw material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104642793B (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-10-27 | 浙江大学 | The standby milk cow forage of low-phosphorous discharge |
| CN104642793A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江大学 | Reserve cow feed with low-phosphorous emission |
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| CN105995056A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 邹玉平 | Lactobacillus propagating process based on silage fermentation of alfalfa |
| CN105995056B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-02-15 | 邹玉平 | A kind of numerous technique of lactic acid bacteria expansion based on the storage fermentation of Alfalfa blueness |
| CN106212903A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-14 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Fattening Sheep forage grass type full-valence pellet feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106036073A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-10-26 | 山东农业大学 | Feed special for lactating dairy cow and preparation method thereof |
| CN107006698A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-08-04 | 柳州市康小乐牛奶有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve TRM of the lactating cow output of milk and milk-quality and preparation method thereof suitable for southern |
| CN107251997A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-17 | 梁慰爱 | A kind of lactation period feed of milk cow and preparation method thereof |
| WO2020092728A1 (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-07 | The Gombos Company, LLC | Composition of livestock feed and method of manufacturing the same |
| US11723385B2 (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2023-08-15 | The Gombos Company, LLC | Composition of livestock feed and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN110679749A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-14 | 贵州大学 | Fermented total mixed ration for beef cattle in fattening period |
| CN110679749B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2023-01-03 | 贵州大学 | Fermented total mixed ration for beef cattle in fattening period |
| CN112640998A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-04-13 | 扬州大学 | Feed for improving milk fat metabolism of dairy cows and preparation method thereof |
| CN115736113A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-07 | 江苏汇福油脂科技有限公司 | Formula and manufacturing method of high-yield dairy cow feed produced by soybean hulls |
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Application publication date: 20100623 |