CN101723758B - Method for culturing stropharia rugoso-annulata and compost thereof - Google Patents
Method for culturing stropharia rugoso-annulata and compost thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101723758B CN101723758B CN200910229766A CN200910229766A CN101723758B CN 101723758 B CN101723758 B CN 101723758B CN 200910229766 A CN200910229766 A CN 200910229766A CN 200910229766 A CN200910229766 A CN 200910229766A CN 101723758 B CN101723758 B CN 101723758B
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Abstract
The invention discloses compost for stropharia rugoso-annulata, which is prepared by taking maize straws as main materials. The invention also provides a safe and environmentally-friendly method for culturing the stropharia rugoso-annulata. The compost of the stropharia rugoso-annulata is characterized by consisting of the following components in part by weight:63 to 70 parts of maize straws, 15 to 17 parts of sorghum husk, 8 to 10 parts of wheat bran, 1 to 3 parts of corn meal, 1 to 2 parts of pulse flour, 1 part of salt, 1 to 3 parts of quicklime, 1 to 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1 to 2 parts of plaster. Compared with the prior art, the high-yield formulation of the invention adopting the maize straws as raw materials takes full use of the advantages of maize straw resources and needs no farm chemicals for weed prevention by a natural culturing method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of culturing edible fungi, specifically relate to a kind of cultivation method of Stropharia rugoso-annulata, the invention still further relates to its composts or fertilisers of cultivating.
Background technology
Stropharia rugoso-annulata belongs to Hymenomycetes, with heterobasidium bacterium subclass, and Agaricales, the spherical cap Cordycepps is also claimed Stropharia rugoso annulata, the red Stropharia rugoso-annulata of wine, formal name used at school: Stropharia rugosoannulata Farlow.Stropharia rugoso-annulata is a kind of food medicine dual-purpose bacterium that integrates nutrition, curative effect, is one of ten big mushroom verieties on the international mushroom class trade market, has vast market prospect and commodity production potentiality.But, therefore often in cultivation, be prone to problem because Stropharia rugoso-annulata has unique habit of growth.
At present, domestic cultivation strain adopts wood chip, cotton seed hull, corncob mostly.The wood chip resource exhaustion, the cotton seed hull resource is more limited, and because of China at present in the plantation of cotton; Damage by disease and insect is serious problems; Cotton aphid, cotton sandfly worm, annual all in various degree generations, thereby all will prevent and treat several times every year; And the main method of control still is to contain residue of pesticide in chemicals thereby the cotton seed hull at present; According to Chinese food chamber of import and export trade edible mushroom branch data 1-4 month in 2007 only, the edible mushroom of Chinese exports Japan just has 5 batches to be sealed up for safekeeping because of residue of pesticide exceed standard, thereby to produce edible mushroom now be that raw material has not been optimal selection with the cotton seed hull.Though corncob be produce edible mushroom raw material but resource very little, the corn per mu yield is mostly about 400 kilograms according to investigations, and the output of corncob has only more than 100 kilogram for every mu, and the output of every mu of corn stalk reaches 500 kilograms unexpectedly, the resource of corn stalk is abundant especially.And corn stalk plantation type of picking up the ears rests on the small size experimental stage more, the complete set technology that does not also have large tracts of land to commercially produce, and that what adopt is the grog method is more,
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cornstalk is the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of major ingredient prescription, and the present invention also provides the cultural method of a kind of safety, environmental protection.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Stropharia rugoso-annulata composts or fertilisers of cultivating, it is characterized in that, and form by following components by part by weight: corn stalk 63-70, sorghum husk 15-17; Wheat bran 8-10, corn flour 1-3, bean powder 1-2, salt 1; Quicklime 1-3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2, gypsum 1-2; Said sorghum husk must be removed sorghum grain, pollutes in order to avoid germinate when cultivating, and the purpose that adds quicklime in this composts or fertilisers of cultivating prescription is that to regulate the composts or fertilisers of cultivating pH value be 6.5-7.
Optimal technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Stropharia rugoso-annulata composts or fertilisers of cultivating, it is characterized in that, and form by following components by part by weight: corn stalk 65, sorghum husk 16, wheat bran 8, corn flour 2, bean powder 2, salt 1, quicklime 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2, gypsum 2.
A kind of Stropharia rugoso-annulata cultural method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) spice: take by weighing raw material for standby by above-mentioned weight portion, corn stalk powder be broken into the particle of big beans size, with gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weigh up be pressed into planar; Mix with wheat bran, mix thoroughly subsequent usely, quicklime is pressed into powder; Be tiled in corn stalk and sorghum husk on the cement flooring; The mixture of corn flour, bean powder, quicklime powder and gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and wheat bran is sprinkling upon is tiled in again on the cement flooring after turning evenly on corn stalk and the sorghum husk material, salt is dissolved with low amounts of water, join in the raw material and mix thoroughly; Played the heap shelving 1.5-2 hour; In the shelving process, adopt the turning of level windrow method, shelving finishes back, and adding water adjusting composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content weight percentage is that 70-75% is subsequent use;
(2) pack, sterilization, inoculation: the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that step (1) is mixed is with in sack filling machine or the manual bacterium bag of packing into; Early autumn, cultivation can be selected Polythene Bag for use, and the winter low temperature phase can be selected high density low-pressure polyethylene bag for use, and when filling with substance will keep bag, and degree of tightness is consistent up and down; Pack highly is 4.8-5.2cm; Weight in wet base 750-850 gram, the middle cave that supplies inoculation and ventilation of beating puts then to encircle and adds tampon or the sack jag all can; The following sterilization of high pressure 0.15Mpa 2 hours, or 100 ℃ of following sterilizations 16 hours of atmospheric steam wait to expect that temperature drop is to room temperature; Aseptic inoculation kernel culture or cotton seed hulls bacterial classification can be delivered a child to produce for 1 bag female kind and plant 40 bags, during inoculation; 1/3 bacterial classification inserts in the cave, and 2/3 bacterial classification spreads on charge level;
(3) send out the management in bacterium stage: it is 22-28 ℃ that Stropharia rugoso-annulata requires temperature at vegetative stage, and the water content of composts or fertilisers of cultivating (weight ratio) is 70%-75%, and airborne relative moisture is 85%-90% (weight ratio); On the mushroom bed, covering on the upper cover (straw screen or mat or the piece of sack) is within after planting 20 days with bacterium bag pendulum; Water is sprayed at moisturizing on the covering; Do not make in the unnecessary current pan feeding, favourable (it is rainproof that outdoor planting need have plastic film, and particularly film is covered in sowing to mycelial growth like this; Rain promptly lifts the thin film later, and gets rid of mushroom bed ponding on every side); Growth period of hypha moisture is regulated vegetative stage and was not sprayed water in preceding 20 days, treats that the mycelia on the mushroom bed is measured showed increased, has occupied more than 1/2 of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, should suitably spray water when sending out folding as the grass on mushroom bed surface is dry;
(4) management in fruiting stage: when mycelia cover with and earthing after; Promptly change generative growth phase gradually over to, but 15-20 days fruitings just behind the earthing, and to require fruiting stage relative temperature be 90%-95% (weight ratio) and will strengthen ventilated; If adopt the piece of sack to cover; As long as it is soaked into clear water, to cover again on the bacterium bed after the removal redundant moisture, handle 1-2 every day; If adopt straw screen or mat to cover, the method for available spraying is preserved moisture; When raising covering, in conjunction with the wet situation of doing of inspection overburden layer, if the overburden layer drying is turned white, suitably water spray makes it to reach the profit state.
Maize straw composts or fertilisers of cultivating adaptability domestication experiment of the present invention:
Characteristic according to microorganism theory of evolution principle and edible mushroom sexually revise environmental adaptation adapts to corn stalk to the Stropharia rugoso-annulata kind agricultural crop straw adaptability is tamed.Technology path adopts the domestication mode.
In the complexification stage after separation, just begin to substitute clear water with the corn stalk powder leachate.
At the preparation potato, agar during dextrose culture-medium, just substitutes clear water with the corn stalk powder leachate, adopts the gradient addition and subtraction, and the revolution pipe once increases by 5% maize straw leachate and the murphy juice content that reduces 5%, and its domestication sketch map is as shown in Figure 1 as scheming.
Initial stage in the experiment, along with attenuating appears in the minimizing mycelia of potato amount, through the switching rejuvenation, after general 5 subcultures, mycelia occurs normally basically again.After preparation original seed (secondary kind), produce in kind of (three grades of kinds), all be major ingredient with the corn stalk powder.
After the domestication, No. 3 kinds are planted experimentally comparison on sawdust medium major ingredient and corn stalk major ingredient, mainly observe the adaptability to corn stalk No. 3.
Handle: A wood chip major ingredient, wood chip 70%
B corn stalk major ingredient, corn stalk 70% (fermentation process)
Both are identical for other auxiliary material, wheat bran 10%, and corn flour 3%, bean powder 1%, salt 1%, quicklime 3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, gypsum 1% is tested 1001 bags.Yield result is following:
Handle 1432 kilograms of A, four damp mushroom output
1473 kilograms of treatments B, four damp mushroom output
(1473-1432)÷1432×100％＝2.8％
The corn stalk main culture medium is than the raising the output 2.8% of wood chip, though difference is not remarkable, increases production not obviously, proves, can replace wood chip with corn stalk.The raw material new resources have been found.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) the present invention adopts corn stalk to make the high yield prescription of raw material, has made full use of the corn stalk resources advantage with the prior art ratio.The present invention utilizes agricultural by product cultivation edible mushrooms such as corn stalk, can be applicable to agricultural, comprehensive utilization, and the recycling economy field is a raw material with agriculture straw resource, advances the agricultural synthesis of ecological rich people home construction to utilize the field.(2) the present invention adopts the ecological fermentation method with domestic existing fermentation method relatively, the raw material homogeneity of being heated.With the grog method relatively, environmental protection, save the energy, reduce cost, improved benefit.(3) the ecological cultivation method is anti-assorted without agricultural chemicals.According to the data introduction, domestic cultivation type of picking up the ears is the assorted bacterium of control, adds agricultural chemicals such as 0.1% carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, and the sanitary index by Japan's " positive list " system and European Union edible mushroom has so all exceeded standard.Be exactly the requirement of producing pollution-free food by China, undesirable, the ecological fermentation method of this research does not add any agricultural chemicals yet, dyes assorted rate and has only 2.7%, with conventional 10% ratio, dyes assorted rate and reduces greatly.(4) present; Abroad on edible fungus culturing; The batch production productions of adopting fully closed computer control more; Wide on the same day canopy formula relatively, though output is high, the edible fungus of same FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (WHO) and the World Health Organization (FAO) proposition will " natural, nutrition, health care " not match.(4) adopt level windrow method, than conventional windrow method raising the output 19.5%.Conventional fermentation method has randomness during turning, the fluidity of raw material during owing to turning has the inertia that flows from top to bottom; Thereby when turning, in the middle of the material of outside can not all get into, middle material can not cause raw material to receive temperature uneven all to the outside again; The 30% amount temperature height that mediates for a long time, the speed that decomposed by thermophilic actinomycete is high, decomposition is fast, and is easy aging, and peripheral decomposition rate is slow; Resolution ratio is low, and cellulose does not reach palliating degradation degree, overdone phenomenon occurs with regard to having 30% material like this, does not have reserve strength; And 30% " rotten degree is not enough " arranged in addition, temperature is low, can not play the effect of killing assorted bacterium spore again, thereby shows and yield poorly.Level turning method be not since one, but the level of that stockpile turns over; Play the stockpile upper face cryosphere of 0-20cm part and translate into the stockpile left side; Then the left side of translating into of middle high-temperature region, and then, basset after having turned on the left of the translating into of bottom 0-20cm low-temperature space; Spread the very thin lime of one deck (disregarding formula ratio) on the ground; Stir the material of 1/2nd amounts of high-temperature region to spread back bottom then, stir the material of left side low-temperature space again and spread go back to the middle part, at last the material of other 1/2nd high-temperature regions stockpile top of being scattered.As appearance, each turning is all turned over like this and is spread.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is corn stalk powder domestication sketch map.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Prescription: corn stalk 65, sorghum husk 16, wheat bran 8, corn flour 2, bean powder 2, salt 1, quicklime 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2, gypsum 2.
Cultivate: (1) spice: take by weighing raw material for standby by above-mentioned weight portion, corn stalk powder be broken into the particle of big beans size, with gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weigh up be pressed into planar; Mix with wheat bran, mix thoroughly subsequent usely, quicklime is pressed into powder; Be tiled in corn stalk and sorghum husk on the cement flooring; The mixture of corn flour, bean powder, quicklime powder and gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and wheat bran is sprinkling upon is tiled in again on the cement flooring after turning evenly on corn stalk and the sorghum husk material, salt is dissolved with low amounts of water, join in the raw material and mix thoroughly; Played the heap shelving 2 hours; In the shelving process, adopt the turning of level windrow method, shelving finishes back, and regulating the composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content is that 70% (weight ratio) is subsequent use;
(2) pack, sterilization, inoculation: the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that step (1) is mixed is packed into sack filling machine in the bacterium bag; Early autumn, Polythene Bag was selected in cultivation for use; When filling with substance will keep bag, and degree of tightness is consistent up and down, and pack highly is 5cm, weight in wet base 800 grams; The middle cave that supplies inoculation and ventilation of beating puts then to encircle and adds tampon and get final product; Atmospheric steam was sterilized 16 hours down for 100 ℃, waited to expect temperature drop to room temperature, and aseptic inoculation cotton seed hulls bacterial classification can be delivered a child to produce for 1 bag female kind and planted 40 bags, and during inoculation, 1/3 bacterial classification inserts in the cave, and 2/3 bacterial classification spreads on charge level;
(3) send out the management in bacterium stage: it is 22-28 ℃ that Stropharia rugoso-annulata requires temperature at vegetative stage, and the water content of composts or fertilisers of cultivating (weight ratio) is 70%-75%, and airborne relative moisture is 85%-90% (weight ratio); On the mushroom bed, straw screen or mat on the upper cover within after planting 20 days, is sprayed at moisturizing on the covering with water, does not make in the unnecessary current pan feeding, and is favourable to mycelial growth like this with bacterium bag pendulum; Growth period of hypha moisture is regulated vegetative stage and was not sprayed water in preceding 20 days, treats that the mycelia on the mushroom bed is measured showed increased, has occupied more than 1/2 of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, should suitably spray water when sending out folding as the grass on mushroom bed surface is dry;
(4) management in fruiting stage: when mycelia cover with and earthing after; Promptly change generative growth phase gradually over to, but 15-20 days fruitings just behind the earthing, and to require fruiting stage relative temperature be 90%-95% (weight ratio) and will strengthen ventilated; The employing straw screen or mat covers, and preserves moisture with the method for spraying; When raising covering, in conjunction with the wet situation of doing of inspection straw screen or mat, if the overburden layer drying is turned white, suitably water spray makes it to reach the profit state.
Embodiment 2:
Prescription: corn stalk 70, fine strain of millet shell 15, wheat bran 9, corn flour 1, bean powder 1, salt 1, quicklime 1, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1, gypsum 1.
(1) spice: take by weighing raw material for standby by above-mentioned weight ratio, corn stalk powder be broken into the particle of big beans size, with gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weigh up be pressed into planar; Mix with wheat bran, mix thoroughly subsequent usely, quicklime is pressed into powder; Be tiled in corn stalk and sorghum husk on the cement flooring; The mixture of corn flour, bean powder and quicklime, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and wheat bran is sprinkling upon is tiled in again on the cement flooring after turning evenly on corn stalk and the sorghum husk material, salt is dissolved with low amounts of water, join in the raw material and mix thoroughly; Played the heap shelving 1.5 hours; In the shelving process, adopt the turning of level windrow method, shelving finishes back, and regulating the composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content is that 72% (weight ratio) is subsequent use;
(2) pack, sterilization, inoculation: the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that step (1) is mixed is packed into sack filling machine in the bacterium bag; The winter low temperature phase is selected high density low-pressure polyethylene bag for use; When filling with substance will keep bag, and degree of tightness is consistent up and down, and pack highly is 5.2cm, weight in wet base 850 grams; The middle cave that supplies inoculation and ventilation of beating puts then to encircle and adds tampon and get final product; High pressure 0.15Mpa sterilized 2 hours down, waited to expect temperature drop to room temperature, and aseptic inoculation cotton seed hulls bacterial classification can be delivered a child to produce for 1 bag female kind and planted 40 bags, and during inoculation, 1/3 bacterial classification inserts in the cave, and 2/3 bacterial classification spreads on charge level;
(3) send out the management in bacterium stage: it is 22-28 ℃ that Stropharia rugoso-annulata requires temperature at vegetative stage, and the water content of composts or fertilisers of cultivating (weight ratio) is 70%-75%, and airborne relative moisture is 85%-90% (weight ratio); On the mushroom bed, the piece of sack on the upper cover within after planting 20 days, is sprayed at moisturizing on the covering with water, does not make in the unnecessary current pan feeding, and is favourable to mycelial growth like this with bacterium bag pendulum; Growth period of hypha moisture is regulated vegetative stage and was not sprayed water in preceding 20 days, treats that the mycelia on the mushroom bed is measured showed increased, has occupied more than 1/2 of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, should suitably spray water during dry folding of the grass on mushroom bed surface;
(4) management in fruiting stage: when mycelia cover with and earthing after, promptly change generative growth phase gradually over to, but 15-20 days fruitings just behind the earthing; Require fruiting stage relative temperature be 90%-95% (weight ratio) and to strengthen ventilated, if adopt the piece of sack to cover, as long as it is soaked into clear water; Cover on the bacterium bed after removing redundant moisture, handle 1-2 every day, when raising the piece of sack again; In conjunction with the wet situation of doing of inspection overburden layer; If the overburden layer drying is turned white, suitably water spray makes it to reach the profit state.
Embodiment 3:
Corn stalk 63, sorghum husk 17, wheat bran 10, corn flour 3, bean powder 1, salt 1, quicklime 3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1, gypsum 1.
(1) spice: take by weighing raw material for standby by above-mentioned weight ratio, corn stalk powder be broken into the particle of big beans size, with gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weigh up be pressed into planar; Mix with wheat bran, mix thoroughly subsequent usely, quicklime is pressed into powder; Be tiled in corn stalk and sorghum husk on the cement flooring; The mixture of corn flour, bean powder, quicklime powder and gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and wheat bran is sprinkling upon is tiled in again on the cement flooring after turning evenly on corn stalk and the sorghum husk material, salt is dissolved with low amounts of water, join in the raw material and mix thoroughly; Played the heap shelving 1.8 hours; In the shelving process, adopt the turning of level windrow method, shelving finishes back, and regulating the composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content is that 75% (weight ratio) is subsequent use;
(2) pack, sterilization, inoculation: in the manual bacterium bag of packing into of the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that step (1) is mixed, the cultivation in early autumn select for use Polythene Bag, when filling with substance will keep bag degree of tightness is consistent up and down; Pack highly is 4.8cm; Weight in wet base 750 grams, the middle cave that supplies inoculation and ventilation of beating gets final product the sack jag then; Atmospheric steam was sterilized 16 hours down for 100 ℃, waited to expect temperature drop to room temperature, and the aseptic inoculation kernel culture can be delivered a child to produce for 1 bag female kind and planted 40 bags, and during inoculation, 1/3 bacterial classification inserts in the cave, and 2/3 bacterial classification spreads on charge level;
(3) send out the management in bacterium stage: it is 22-28 ℃ that Stropharia rugoso-annulata requires temperature at vegetative stage, and the water content of composts or fertilisers of cultivating (weight ratio) is 70%-75%, and airborne relative moisture is 85%-90% (weight ratio); On the mushroom bed, straw screen or mat on the upper cover within after planting 20 days, is sprayed at moisturizing on the covering with water, does not make in the unnecessary current pan feeding, and is favourable to mycelial growth like this with bacterium bag pendulum; Growth period of hypha moisture is regulated vegetative stage and was not sprayed water in preceding 20 days, treats that the mycelia on the mushroom bed is measured showed increased, has occupied more than 1/2 of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, should suitably spray water during dry folding of the grass on mushroom bed surface;
(4) management in fruiting stage: when mycelia cover with and earthing after; Promptly change generative growth phase gradually over to, but 15-20 days fruitings just behind the earthing, and to require fruiting stage relative temperature be 90%-95% (weight ratio) and will strengthen ventilated; The employing straw screen or mat covers, and preserves moisture with the method for spraying; When raising covering, in conjunction with the wet situation of doing of inspection straw screen or mat, if the overburden layer drying is turned white, suitably water spray makes it to reach the profit state.
Claims (3)
1. a Stropharia rugoso-annulata composts or fertilisers of cultivating is characterized in that, is made up of following components by part by weight: corn stalk 63-70, sorghum husk 15-17, wheat bran 8-10, corn flour 1-3, bean powder 1-2, salt 1, quicklime 1-3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2, gypsum 1-2.
2. a kind of Stropharia rugoso-annulata composts or fertilisers of cultivating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is made up of following components by part by weight: corn stalk 65, sorghum husk 16, wheat bran 8, corn flour 2, bean powder 2, salt 1, quicklime 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2, gypsum 2.
3. a Stropharia rugoso-annulata cultural method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) spice: take by weighing raw material for standby by claim 1 or 2 described weight portions, corn stalk powder be broken into the particle of big beans size, with gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weigh up be pressed into planar; Mix with wheat bran, mix thoroughly subsequent usely, quicklime is pressed into powder; Be tiled in corn stalk and sorghum husk on the cement flooring; The mixture of corn flour, bean powder, quicklime powder and gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and wheat bran is sprinkling upon is tiled in again on the cement flooring after turning evenly on corn stalk and the sorghum husk material, salt is dissolved with low amounts of water, join in the raw material and mix thoroughly; Played the heap shelving 1.5-2 hour; In the shelving process, adopt the turning of level windrow method, after shelving finished, adding water adjusting composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content weight percentage was that 70-75% is subsequent use;
(2) pack, sterilization, inoculation: the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that step (1) is mixed is with in sack filling machine or the manual bacterium bag of packing into; Early autumn, cultivation selected for use Polythene Bag, winter low temperature phase to select high density low-pressure polyethylene bag for use, and when filling with substance will keep bag, and degree of tightness is consistent up and down; Pack highly is 4.8-5.2cm; Weight in wet base 750-850 gram, the middle cave that supplies inoculation and ventilation of beating puts then to encircle and adds tampon or with the sack jag; The following sterilization of high pressure 0.15Mpa 2 hours, or 100 ℃ of following sterilizations 16 hours of atmospheric steam wait to expect that temperature drop is to room temperature; Aseptic inoculation kernel culture or cotton seed hulls bacterial classification, 1 bag of female product of delivering a child of planting is planted 40 bags, during inoculation; 1/3 bacterial classification inserts in the cave, and 2/3 bacterial classification spreads on charge level;
(3) send out the management in bacterium stage: it is 22-28 ℃ that Stropharia rugoso-annulata requires temperature at vegetative stage, and the wet weight percentage of composts or fertilisers of cultivating is 70-75%, and airborne relative moisture percetage by weight is 85-90%; On the mushroom bed, straw screen or mat on the upper cover within after planting 20 days, is sprayed at moisturizing on the straw screen or mat with water, does not make in the unnecessary current pan feeding, and is favourable to mycelial growth like this with bacterium bag pendulum; Growth period of hypha moisture is regulated: do not spray water in 20 days before the vegetative stage, treat that the mycelia on the mushroom bed is measured showed increased, occupied more than 1/2 of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, should suitably spray water when the grass drying on mushroom bed surface is sent out folding;
(4) management in fruiting stage: when mycelia cover with and earthing after; Promptly change generative growth phase gradually over to, 15-20 days fruitings behind the earthing, to require fruiting stage relative moisture be percetage by weight 90-95% and will strengthen ventilated; The employing straw screen or mat covers, and preserves moisture with the method for spraying; When raising straw screen or mat, in conjunction with the wet situation of doing of inspection overburden layer, if the overburden layer drying is turned white, suitably water spray makes it to reach moisture state.
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