CN102948324A - Method for producing edible mushroom by used biological packing - Google Patents
Method for producing edible mushroom by used biological packing Download PDFInfo
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- CN102948324A CN102948324A CN2011102494869A CN201110249486A CN102948324A CN 102948324 A CN102948324 A CN 102948324A CN 2011102494869 A CN2011102494869 A CN 2011102494869A CN 201110249486 A CN201110249486 A CN 201110249486A CN 102948324 A CN102948324 A CN 102948324A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of leftovers in agricultural cultivation, relates to the field of culture of edible mushroom, and particularly relates to a method for producing edible mushroom by used biological packing. The method includes steps of mixing 92 parts of packing which contains 50% of chaff and 50% of sawdust originally for pig raise for 2 years and serves as a base, 5.9 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum powder, 1 part of superphosphate and 0.1 part of carbendazol powder uniformly, keeping the water content within 60-62%; stacking the packing, covering the packing with a film to complete composting and fermenting, turning the packing one time after 70 days, and continuing to ferment for 7 days; adjusting the pH(potential of hydrogen) to 6.5 before sterilizing, and then sterilizing under high-pressure steam; inoculating culture strain gaofeng No.1; keeping culture temperature at 10-15 DEG C and relative humidity of 80-90%, and turning strain bags every 3-4 days, culturing for 30-40 days until hypha grows all over the strain bags; harvesting in time after fruit bodies are ripe, cleaning residual stipes and chips after first-stage flush, stopping water spraying for 2-3 days, and then spraying water again to improve second-stage flush until the third-stage flush.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of utilizing of aquaculture offcuts, especially belong to the method that the padding bed used bedding and padding in piggery are produced edible mushroom, relevant with edible fungus culturing and field of agricultural environmental protection.
Background technology
Padding bed cultivation popularizes very fast in recent years in China, microorganism reaches zero-emission with the decomposition of livestock and poultry fecaluria in the bedding and padding thereby utilize.Find in breeding process that at present bedding and padding use after 2 years that decomposition has occured organic substance in the bedding and padding, carrying bacterial classification and the ability of decomposing fecaluria have descended, and need the bedding and padding that again more renew.Bedding and padding after using at present are used for producing fertilizer or direct returning to farmland, and value is lower.
Edible mushroom contains rich in protein and amino acid, and its content is general vegetables and fruit several times to tens times.Containing protein such as fresh mushroom is 1.5-3.5%, is 3 times of Chinese cabbage, 6 times of radish, 17 times of apple.1 kilogram of contained protein of dried mushrooms is equivalent to 2Kg lean meat, the protein content of 3Kg egg or 12Kg milk.Lysine contains very abundantly in the edible mushroom, contains 18 seed amino acids of constitutive protein matter and the necessary 8 kinds of trace elements of human body.Edible mushroom is not only delicious, and nutritious, often be called healthy food by people, the amino acid that not only contains various needed by human such as mushroom, also have the cholesterol that reduces in the blood, treat hypertensive effect, also find in recent years to contain in mushroom, mushroom, Asparagus, the hedgehog hydnum material that strengthens the human body anti-cancer ability.
The matrix of at present a large amount of culturing edible fungus is mainly to be rich in lignin and cellulosic crop by-product as main, such as straw, wood chip, cornstalk, corncob, sugarcane top, bagasse etc., the bedding and padding main component of carrying out zero-emission is husk and wood chip, therefore use bedding and padding after 2 years can be used for producing edible mushroom, improve the value of bedding and padding, can further reduce padding bed cost of raising pigs.This patent is exactly to utilize the bedding and padding after zero discharge culture uses to produce flat mushroom.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize the aquaculture offcuts, especially utilize the used biological pad in piggery padding bed (or claiming fermentation bed) to produce the method for edible mushroom (flat mushroom), the present invention has developed a kind of method of utilizing the used biological pad in piggery to produce edible mushroom (for example flat mushroom) for the problem of outlet of the discarded biological pad of the zero-emission bedding and padding that solve the piggery after using.The present invention takes full advantage of discarded biological pad, turns waste into wealth, and effectively reduces padding bed aquaculture cost.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
1, batching
Utilize the batching of the used biological pad production in piggery edible mushroom as follows:
Raw material weight percentage
The biological pad (configuration proportion of former bedding and padding, by weight percentage: wood chip 50%, husk 50%) 92% after 2 years is used in the piggery;
Fresh wheat bran 5.9%;
Land plaster 1%;
Superphosphate 1%;
25% carbendazol wettable powder 0.1%.
2, spice
According to formula ratio, (be the biological pad that used 2 years piggery described above with biological pad first, the original weight percentage of this biological pad is wood chip 50%, husk 50%), wheat bran is weighed and is poured on the cement flooring of having sterilized, again the gypsum of weighing and the dissolving of carbendazim water, stir, then pour described biological pad limit into and add the waterside stirring, until stir.Water content after the composts or fertilisers of cultivating mixing and stirring is modulated to 60%～62%; The material for preparing is piled into the wide bedding and padding heap of 1.5m height * 2.0m, cover film carries out heap fermentation on the heap, after 7 days bedding and padding are stirred once again, the bedding and padding of centre are turned over to both sides, the bedding and padding on both sides turn over to the centre, heap fermentation is 7 days again, regulate bedding and padding pH value to 6.5, then directly pack sterilization, bacterium bag one end seals with porous plug, in high-pressure sterilizing pot with 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilizations 1.5 hours, be cooled to the edible fungus species of the inoculation of backward sack below 30 ℃ one deck cultivation usefulness (for example commodity are that (consumption of this bacterial classification is that inoculum concentration is 15% of planting material weight to flat mushroom strain " Gaofeng No.1 " in the bacterium bag, this bacterial classification is available from Hunan Province Materials Company of edible mushroom technological development parent company, address: No. 107, Shuan Tang road, Hi-tech District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, network address: ww.hnmushroom.com/), postvaccinal bacterium bag sack is tightened and clogged sack with porous plug.
3, cultivation management
Postvaccinal bacterium bag (Gaofeng No.1) is transported to place on the culturing rack in the edible fungus cultivating chamber cultivates, keeping room temperature is 24-26 ℃, relative moisture is 80-90%, every 3-4 days with bacterium bag upset once, cultivates and covers with full bag to mycelia in 30～40 days and stop cultivation.
4, management of producing mushroom
Should move immediately mushroom producing room to after good and carry out fruiting when mycelia in the bag cylinder grows, mushroom producing room requires sanitation and hygiene, ventilation and penetrating light, moisture retention good, and mushroom producing room ground is cement flooring or brick face, and it requires the edible fungus culturing general purpose discipline according to report.
5, gather
The fruit body maturation is in time gathered afterwards, after first batch of damp mushroom gathered, residual stem, broken mushroom, dead mushroom is cleaned out, stop to spray water 2～3 days, allow mycelia accumulation nutrient in the bacterium bag, and then water spray promotes the formation of second batch stubble mushroom, whole growth cycle can be gathered in the crops three damp mushrooms.It requires the edible fungus culturing general purpose discipline according to report.
More detailed technical scheme sees that " embodiment " is described.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: be rear 25 days mycelial growth situations of inoculation.
Fig. 2: be the rear situation that went out first batch of mushroom in 50 days of inoculation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
This test is carried out at the refreshing Group Plc of Hunan Chinese Experimental Base, this base comprises a scientific research pig farm, the pig farm is adopted the zero discharge culture mode to produce and (is namely utilized the biological pad bed to raise pig, raise pigs on this biological pad and use 2 years (the original weight percentage of this biological pad is wood chip 50%, husk 50%).
1, material is prepared
(the original weight percentage of this biological pad is wood chip 50% with the biological pad that uses 2 years, husk 50%), fresh wheat bran, land plaster (crossing 140 mesh sieves), 25% carbendazol wettable powder (available from Huayang Agricultural Chemial Group Co Ltd, Shandong's product), the polyethylene film plastic barrel of wide 25-30cm, potassium permanganate, Lysol, quicklime, bucket, plastic ties, scissors, spade, the edible fungus species of cultivation usefulness (bacterial classification is a kind of flat mushroom kind " Gaofeng No.1 ", available from Hunan Province Materials Company of edible mushroom technological development parent company, and address: No. 107, Shuan Tang road, Hi-tech District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, network address: ww.hnmushroom.com/), 75% alcohol, rayon balls, match and edible fungus cultivating chamber (edible fungus cultivating chamber is sterilized according to a conventional method).
2, edible mushroom bag material formula
In September, 2010, edible mushroom (flat mushroom) production was carried out from the padding bed bedding and padding (the present invention can use the biological pad of any piggery) that used 2 years of getting of the refreshing Group Plc of the Chinese in the Hunan.Produce the matrix of edible mushroom according to following prescription preparation.
The bedding and padding that table 1 utilizes the piggery to get on padding bed and used 2 years are produced the formula table of edible mushrooms (flat mushroom)
(present embodiment is the refreshing Group Plc of Hunan Province Chinese Experimental Base to get the piggery biological pad that used 2 years, but be special requirement, the biological pad that used 2 years on any pig farm all can use) 4140Kg, fresh wheat bran 265.5Kg, cross the land plaster 45Kg of 140 mesh sieves, superphosphate 45Kg, 25% carbendazol wettable powder (available from Huayang Agricultural Chemial Group Co Ltd, Shandong's product) 4.5Kg.Be poured on the cement flooring of having sterilized after first described biological pad, fresh wheat bran being weighed; Again the land plaster after weighing, superphosphate and the 25% carbendazol wettable powder uniform mixed liquor of blunging; Then biological pad is stirred with mixed liquor, until stir.After composts or fertilisers of cultivating is mixed, grab a composts or fertilisers of cultivating with hand and be placed in the hand, hold tightly, watermark is arranged to the finger but judge that the edible mushroom material moisture is suitable when dripping without water droplet.
With the edible mushroom solid accumulation for preparing become 1.5m height * 2.0m wide * the long bedding and padding heap of 5m, carry out heap fermentation with the sealed polyethylene plastic covering, after 7 days bedding and padding are stirred once again, the bedding and padding of centre are turned over to both sides, the bedding and padding on both sides turn over to the centre, heap fermentation is 7 days again, then packs sterilization (121 ℃ high pressure steam sterilization 1.5 hours).
(this bacterial classification is a kind of commercial flat mushroom strain " Gaofeng No.1 " at sack inoculation edible fungus species after the sterilization, available from Hunan Province Materials Company of edible mushroom technological development parent company, address: No. 107, Shuan Tang road, Hi-tech District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, network address: ww.hnmushroom.com/), the inoculum concentration of bacterial classification is 15% of culturing raw material weight, the charging of every bag cultivating material is 3Kg, and " Gaofeng No.1 " bacterial classification of inoculation 0.45Kg is tightened sack and clogged sack with porous plug.
3, cultivation management
Finished bacterium bag transported to be placed on the culturing rack in the cultivating chamber cultivate.Stack 5 bacterium bags on each cultivating stand, cultivate indoor sanitation, cleaning and air capacity of soils conditional request and keep good.Room temperature remains on 15 ℃.The bag cylinder is cultivated after 5 days and is turned over bag.Can cover with full bag through 30～40 days mycelia.
4, management of producing mushroom
After mycelia in the bag cylinder grows well, should move immediately mushroom producing room to and carry out management of producing mushroom.Mushroom producing room sanitation and hygiene, ventilation and penetrating light, moisture retention are good: (1) mushroom room temperature is controlled at 10～15 ℃.When mycelia begins the former base of kink formation, bag cylinder two ends porous plug is pulled out, make the ventilation of bag cylinder, to interior space spray form water, keep between the indoor humidity 80～85%.Formed afterwards the mushroom flower bud of soya bean size in (2) 5 days, the control room temperature is at 15～16 ℃, and humidity remains between 80～85%, gives suitable ventilation, and ventilation will be carried out after water spray.(3) ventilation in increasing mushroom room when fruit body is grown improves relative moisture.The time that the number of times that increase is ventilated, prolongation are ventilated increases oxygen and the eliminating carbonic acid gas in the mushroom room.Sporophore growth phase mushroom room relative moisture is sprayed water 2 or 3 times 85～90% every day, sprays water about rear venting 30min at every turn, and the room fills the bulb of 45W, increases gradually the light application time in room after fruit body covers with the bacterium bag.
5, adopting mushroom also manages
The fruit body maturation is in time gathered afterwards, gathered the first damp mushroom on November 15, after gathering, residual stem, broken mushroom, dead mushroom are cleaned out, stop to spray water 2～3 days, allow mycelia accumulation nutrient in the bacterium bag, and then water spray promotes the formation of second batch mushroom, whole growth cycle is adopted to get three batches of mushrooms, the 3000Kg flat mushroom of altogether gathering, and biological transformation ratio (namely expecting the mushroom ratio) is 66.7%.Press 4 yuan/Kg of flat mushroom market procurement price and calculate, 6000 yuan of deduction costs, reality also can be made a profit 6000 yuan.The present invention's biological pad direct returning to farmland of comparing not only can obtain better profit, because the green circulatory utilization of bedding and padding has also reduced piggery agricultural wastes discharge costs indirectly, is a new aquaculture model of benefiting the nation and the people and preserving the ecological environment simultaneously.
Claims (1)
1. method of utilizing used biological pad to produce edible mushroom, it is characterized in that: it comprises following component and step:
(1) bedding and padding preparation: count by weight 50% husk and 50% wood chip and make the biological pad that the piggery is used, this biological pad contains 50% moisture, 5.42% crude protein, 9.8% VBN, 12.57% coarse ash, 0.94% calcium and 0.47% phosphorus;
(2) bacterium material proportioning: by weight, get 92 parts of the biological pads that step (1) was used 2 years; 5.9 parts in fresh wheat bran; Cross 1 part of the land plaster of 140 mesh sieves; 1 part of superphosphate; 0.1 part of 25% carbendazol wettable powder is made water content and is 60～62% bacterium material after mixing; To prepare the bacterium stockpile that the bacterium stockpile becomes high 1.5m * wide 2.0m, cover film heap fermentation on it stirs the bacterium stockpile once behind 7d, continues fermentation 7d; Transfer the pH to 6.5 of bacterium material before the sterilization, with the pack of bacterium material, an end of bacterium bag is sealed with porous plug, 1.5h sterilizes under 121 ℃ of lower high steams; Open the bacterium bag after the sterilization, using bacterial classification, inoculum concentration to the cultivation of sack inoculation one deck is 15～20% of planting material weight, sack is tightened and is clogged sack with porous plug;
(3) cultivation: postvaccinal bacterium bag moved in the cultivating chamber cultivate on culturing rack, keeping room temperature is 10-15 ℃, and relative moisture is 80-90%, every 3-4d upset bacterium bag, cultivates 30～40d and covers with full bag to mycelia;
(4) management of producing mushroom: after mycelia in the bag cylinder grows well, should move immediately mushroom producing room and carry out fruiting;
(5) gather: the fruit body maturation is in time gathered afterwards, after first batch of damp mushroom gathered, residual stem, broken mushroom and dead mushroom is cleaned out, stop the 2～3d that sprays water, make mycelia accumulation nutrient in the bacterium bag, and then the formation of second batch of mushroom of water spray promotion, to receiving the damp mushroom of winning the third place.
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| CN2011102494869A CN102948324A (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2011-08-29 | Method for producing edible mushroom by used biological packing |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255539A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Novel piggery bedding with calcium supplement effect and production method of cushioning bed thereof |
| CN105110995A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Pleurotus eryngii culture medium containing pig farming padding and preparation method thereof |
| CN105110860A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Auricularia polytricha culture medium containing pig farming padding and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272536A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-27 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Pig raising filler-containing needle mushroom culture material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272537A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-27 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Pig raising filler-containing Pleurotus ostreatus culture material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105493880A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-04-20 | 钟转佳 | Green and high-yield tea-oil tree-tea tree-sweet potato-tarragon mixed planting method |
| CN111802176A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Culture material for coprinus comatus cultivation, preparation method of culture material and coprinus comatus cultivation method |
| CN114342740A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-15 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255539A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Novel piggery bedding with calcium supplement effect and production method of cushioning bed thereof |
| CN104255539B (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-06-29 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the pig house bedding and padding with calcium supplementing effect and equalizing bed thereof |
| CN105110995A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Pleurotus eryngii culture medium containing pig farming padding and preparation method thereof |
| CN105110860A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Auricularia polytricha culture medium containing pig farming padding and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272536A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-27 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Pig raising filler-containing needle mushroom culture material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272537A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-27 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Pig raising filler-containing Pleurotus ostreatus culture material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105110995B (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2018-06-15 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii cultivating material of the bedding and padding containing pig raising and preparation method thereof |
| CN105110860B (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2018-07-24 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | A kind of Uricularia polytricha compost and preparation method thereof of the bedding and padding containing pig raising |
| CN105493880A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-04-20 | 钟转佳 | Green and high-yield tea-oil tree-tea tree-sweet potato-tarragon mixed planting method |
| CN111802176A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Culture material for coprinus comatus cultivation, preparation method of culture material and coprinus comatus cultivation method |
| CN114342740A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-15 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130306 |