CN101697426B - 车辆接口 - Google Patents

车辆接口 Download PDF

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CN101697426B
CN101697426B CN2009101635468A CN200910163546A CN101697426B CN 101697426 B CN101697426 B CN 101697426B CN 2009101635468 A CN2009101635468 A CN 2009101635468A CN 200910163546 A CN200910163546 A CN 200910163546A CN 101697426 B CN101697426 B CN 101697426B
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vehicle
communication system
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power
power supply
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CN101697426A (zh
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D·W·巴尔曼
T·L·劳岑黑泽
T·J·勒皮恩
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PHILPS intellectual property Enterprise Co., Ltd.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H01F5/02—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/24—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by high frequency ac, or with separate oscillator frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B60R2011/0042—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by mounting means
    • B60R2011/0049—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by mounting means for non integrated articles
    • B60R2011/0064—Connection with the article
    • B60R2011/0075—Connection with the article using a containment or docking space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/30—Charge provided using DC bus or data bus of a computer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0044—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆功率接口包括自适应感应电源。该自适应感应电源具有远程设备支架内的初级线圈。该自适应感应电源能够为放置在远程设备支架内的远程设备供电。可提供使车辆内的远程设备和任何数据总线能够通信的通信接口。

Description

车辆接口
本申请是申请日为2005年6月6日、申请号为200580020120.7、发明名称为“车辆接口”的中国专利申请的分案申请。
本申请是于2003年2月4日提交的名为“Inductively PoweredApparatus”的序列号为10/357,932美国申请的部分连续案，该部分连续案是于2000年7月12日提交的名为“Water Treatment SystemwithanInductively Coupled Ballast”的序列号为6,436,299的美国专利的部分连续案。序列号为10/357,932的申请还是于2002年4月26日提交的名为“Inductively Powered Lamp Assembly”的序列号为10/357,932的申请的部分连续案。
本申请还是于2002年9月18日提交的名为“Inductively CoupledBallast Circuit”的序列号为10/246,155的美国申请的部分连续案和于2002年6月18日提交的美国专利6,673,250名为“Radio FrequencyIndentification System for Treatment System”的序例号为10/175,095的美国申请的部分连续案，该部分连续案是于2000年6月12日提交的序列号为6,643,299的美国专利的部分连续案。美国专利6,436,299按照35 U.S.C.§119(e)要求于1999年6月21日提交的名为“Water Treatment System with an Inductively Coupled Ballast”的序列号为60/140,159的美国临时专利申请和于1999年6月21日提交的名为“Point-of-Use Water Treatment System”的序列号为60/140,090的美国临时专利申请的利益。
本申请通过引用合并了下列的申请：序列号为10/689,499的“Adaptive Inductive Power Supply”；序例号为10/689,224的“Inductive Coil Assembly”；序例号为10/689,154的“ElectrostaticCharge Storage Assembly”和序号为10/689,375的“Adapter”。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种感应充电和通信系统，并更具体地涉及车辆内的感应充电和通信系统。
背景技术
人们可携带各种个人便携电子设备，比如PDA(个人数字助理)、便携式娱乐设备，例如便携式音乐播放器或便携式DV播放器、膝上型计算机和手机。便携式电子设备提供各种功能，诸如通信、信息存储和检索、以及娱乐。由于这些设备是便携的，因此它们通常可在车辆中携带和使用。这些设备通常由电池供电并倾向于在不方便地时候耗尽电量。
供车辆使用的功率适配器对于这些设备可用。但是，每个设备通常具有唯一的功率适配器和合弦，要求任意携带每个设备的功率适配器。附着到便携式设备的功率适配器和附带和弦是难看的的并且使车辆杂乱。由于功率适配器通常借助打火机插入在12伏特DC(直流电)电源，因此也难以一次充电一个以上的设备。因此当在车辆中使用若干便携式设备时，和弦和适配器是不实用的。
近来，存在将便携式设备与车辆内的数据网络对接的建议。SAE(汽车工程师协会)已经大体上认识到对具有ITS(智能交通系统)标准的这种接口的需要。此外，德州仪器已经基于允许便携式设备与车辆内的电子系统对接的1394“火线”通信标准提出了一种ADB-1394远程信息处理标准。
但是，存在一些问题。首先，由于多种类型的便携式设备，因此存在每个便携式设备要求许多不同类型的数据接口。例如，一些设备可具有1394接口，而其它设备具有USB(通用串行总线)接口。因此，对于与过多的设备对接的车辆，可要求它为每个可能的设备提供插头。其次，由于多个设备，同样数量的每个设备的插头是昂贵的，并且将每个便携设备附加到车辆上所要求的电缆容量也是昂贵的。
SEAITS工作组建议为每个车辆提供诸如IEEE(电气和电子工程师协会)802.11b的无线网络。这种无线网络的问题在于，由无线便携式设备消耗的功率将增加，由此进一步增加了电池供电的便携式设备被放电的可能性。
因此，为便携式设备提供数据接口以及为所述设备提电的系统是高度期望的。
附图说明
图1是车辆中的数据网络的附图。
图2示出车辆控制台内的感应车辆适配器。
图3示出感应车辆适配器的侧视图。
图4示出在挡风玻璃遮阳板内固定的感应车辆适配器。
图5示出感应车辆适配器俯视图。
图6示出感应车辆适配器的总体方框图。
图7示出感应车辆适配器的更详细的方框图。
图8示出能够与感应车辆适配器对接的远程设备的方框图。
图9示出感应车辆适配器操作的流程图。
图10示出设备列表。
具体实施方式
图1示出车辆内的两个并行数据网络。第一网络是车辆数据总线10。车辆数据总线10可以是CAN(控制器汽车网络)或OEM(原始设备制造商)车辆总线。车辆数据总线通常是低速数据总线，用于使车辆内各种控制器之间能够通信。第二网络是ADB(汽车数据网络)12。ADB12允许一个或多个便携式数据设备与车辆通信。例如，ADB12可与PDA14、手机16、便携式娱乐设备18连接。网关控制器20管理车辆数据总线10和ADB12之间的任何通信。该数据可专用于总线和/或包含编码的语音信号以及音频信息。
图2示出了安装在车辆的控制台22内的感应车辆适配器20。手机24和PDA26可放置在感应车辆适配器20内以便再充电和与ADB12对接。
图3示出了感应车辆适配器20的侧视图。感应车辆适配器20具有支架28，其可以是反射罩。放置在支架28中的项由于重量倾向于保持在反射罩内。支架28具有周长30。在周长30内是初级线圈。周长30内的初级线圈耦合到感应系统32，其依次耦合到DC电源34。感应系统32还耦合到ADB12。因此，放置在支架28内的电子设备可由自适应感应电源32来充电。通信链路可由与该自适应感应电源32协同工作的电路来提供。
图4是感应车辆适配器20的俯视图。可以是任何便携式电子设备的远程设备可放置在支架28内。当放置在支架28内时，远程设备都可由车辆接口20充电，并且它们还与ADB36通信。
图5示出了作为远程设备的支架的挡风玻璃遮阳板35。初级线圈38包含在挡风玻璃遮阳板35内。远程设备可放置在袋子37内。放置在网袋37内的远程设备可由感应车辆接口充电并与ADB36通信。任何机制可用于将远程设备固定在初级线圈38附近内，比如维可牢尼龙搭扣或夹子。
初级线圈38的位置可以是任何方便的位置。例如，初级线圈38可包括在位于车厢、架空的控制台、座椅背部、仪表板杂物箱或侧门储藏区域中的反射罩内。
图6示出了感应车辆适配器20的基本方框图。远程设备40已经放置在支架28内并因此借助支架28的边沿内的初级线圈感应地耦合到自适应感应电源39。远程设备40可因此由自适应感应电源39充电。同时，远程设备40耦合到收发机68。收发机68直接与远程设备40通信。
通信接口70管理远程设备40和ADB36之间的通信。例如，通信接口70可将IP(互联网协议)地址分配给远程设备40或可如ADB68的协议所要求的将一些其它地址分配给远程设备40。通信接口70可控制、建立或监控ADB68和远程设备40以及各种协议和通信层之间的通信速率。
控制器60是可选的。如果存在，其可管理远程设备40和ADB36之间的通信。可替换地，控制器60可通过自适应感应电源39来管理对远程设备40供电。功率调节器50调节从DC电源34接收的功率。DC电源34由车辆的电源系统供电。
自适应感应电源39可以是数字的或模拟的。一种自适应感应电源在美国专利No.6,436,299中描述，其通过引用合并在此。可替换地，自适应感应电源39可以是前述的类型。
图7示出了感应车辆接口20的框图。所示的感应车辆接口20耦合到三个远程设备40、42、44。
功率调节器46耦合到外部DC(直流)电源48。直流电源48为感应车辆接口20供电。DC电源48由车辆提供，并通常在12VDC附近。
功率调节器50控制由DC电源48提供给倒相器52的电压和电流。倒相器52将DC功率转换为AC(交流)功率。倒相器52作为AC电源，将AC功率提供给储能电路54。储能电路54是谐振电路。储能电路54借助初级绕组56感应地耦合到远程设备40、42、44内的次级绕组。初级绕组56和远程设备40、42、44的次级绕组是无心的绕组。虚线58表示远程设备40、42、44和初级绕组56之间的空气间隙。初级绕组56包含在周长30内。
电路传感器58耦合到储能电路54的输出端。电路传感器58还耦合到控制器60。电路传感器58提供与倒相器52和储能电路54的工作参数有关的信息。例如，电路传感器58可以是电流传感器并提供与储能电路54中电流的相位、频率和幅度有关的信息。
控制器60可以是通常可得的被编程用来执行之后所述功能的众多微控制器中的任意一个，比如Intel 8051或Motorola 6811，或者任意的那些微控制器的许多变体。控制器60可具有在芯片上的ROM(只读存储器)和RAM(随机存储器)。控制器60可具有一系列模拟和数字输出端，用于控制自适应感应电源的各种功能。控制器60的功能还可用微处理器和存储器芯片来实现。
控制器60连接到存储器62。控制器60还耦合到驱动电路64。驱动电路64调节倒相器52的操作。驱动电路64调节倒相器52的频率和微调。控制器60还耦合到功率调节器50。控制器60可操纵功率调节器50的输出电压。如已知的，通过改变功率调节器50的干线电压，倒相器52的输出的幅度也可被改变。
最后，控制器60耦合到储能电路54的可变电感器66和可变电容器68。控制器60可修改可变电感器66的电感或可变电容器68的电容。通过修改可变电感器66的电感和可变电容器68的电容，储能电路54的谐振频率可改变。
储能电路54可具有第一谐振频率和第二谐振频率。储能电路54还可具有多个谐振频率。如这里所使用的，术语“谐振频率”是指储能电路54将谐振的频率带。如已知的，储能电路将具有一个谐振频率，但是将继续在该谐振频率附近的频率范围内谐振。电路55具有至少一个具有可变阻抗的可变阻抗元件。通过改变可变阻抗，储能电路的谐振频率将变化。可变阻抗元件可以是可变电感器66、可变电容器68、或两者。
可变电感器66可以是半导体开关元件控制的可变电感器、可压缩的可变电感器、平行叠片铁心的可变电感器、能够将所选固定的电感器放置到储能电路54中的一串电感器和开关、或其它可控的可变电感器。可变电容器68可以是开关电容器阵列、能够将所选固定的电容器放置到储能电路54中的一系列固定的电容器和开关、或任何其它可控的可变电容器。
储能电路54包括初级绕组56。所示的初级绕组56和可变电感器66是分开的。可替换地，初级绕组56和可变电感器66可合并成单个元件。储能电路54被示出为串联谐振储能电路。也可使用并联谐振储能电路。
电源收发机68也耦合到控制器。电源收发机68可简单地是用于接收信息的接收机而不是能够双向通信的设备。电源收发机68与各种远程设备40、42、44通信。显然地，可与系统一起使用多于或少于三个的设备。
感应车辆接口20还具有连接到ADB36的通信接口70。通信接口70管理远程设备40、42、44和ADB36之间的通信。通信接口70可能需要执行诸如将来自一个协议的通信向下一个转换和将网络地址分配给远程设备40、42、44的功能。
感应车辆接口20还具有通信控制器72。通信控制器72通过通信接口70和接口收发机74来管理数据输入和输出。通信控制器72执行所需要的控制功能，诸如代码转换、协议转换、缓存、数据压缩、误差检查、同步和路由选择以及收集管理信息。通信控制器72建立远程设备40、42、44和ADB36或其他任何耦合到ADB36上的设备之间的通信会话。通信控制器72可以是前端通信处理器。取决于控制器60的能力，通信控制器72可以是运行在控制器60内的软件模块。
图8示出远程设备100的框图。远程设备100是远程设备40、42、44的实例。远程设备100包括可再充电的电池102。可再充电的电池102从可变次级线圈104接收功率。取决于可再充电的电池的类型，还可包括支持对可再充电的电池102进行再充电的电路。例如，如果使用Li-ion(锂离子)LiPoly(锂-聚合物)电池，可以在远程设备100中合并控制电池充电的集成电路，比如德州仪器bq240001或德州仪器UCC3890。如果使用NIMh(镍氢)电池，可使用Microchip Technology PS402电池管理集成电路。
可变次级线圈104是无心的，允许可变次级线圈104在更宽的频率范围上工作。可变次级线圈104作为可变电感器示出，尽管其它类型的设备可用来代替可变电感器。
可变次级线圈104包括多维次级线圈，比如序列号为10/689,224名为“Coil Assembly”并转让给本申请的受让人的美国专利中示出的多维次级线圈。如果该可变次级线圈包括这样的多维绕组，则远程设备40便能够接收来自初级绕组56的能量，而不考虑远程设备40相对于初级绕组56实际方向，只要该远程设备40邻近初级线圈56。因此，用户可避免了将远程设备40定位在特定方向上以便对远程设备40充电的不便。
远程设备控制器106控制可变次级线圈104的电感和负载108的操作。远程设备控制器106可改变可变次级线圈104的电感或者接通或断开负载108。类似于控制器60，远程设备控制器106可以是被编程用来执行下述功能的通常可得的众多微控制器中的任何一个，比如Intel8051或Motorola 6811，或者任意的那些微控制器的许多变体。控制器106可具有在芯片上的ROM(只读存储器)和RAM(随机存储器)。控制器106可具有一系列模拟和数字输出端，用于控制自适应感应电源的各种功能。
存储器110尤其包含设备ID(标识)号和与远程设备100的功率信息。功率信息将包括远程设备100的电压、电流和功耗信息。存储器110可包括电池102的放电速率和充电速率。
远程设备100还包括远程收发机112。远程收发机112从电源收发机68接收信息，并将信息发送到电源收发机68。远程收发机112和电源收发机68可用多种不同方式链接，比如WIFI、红外、蓝牙、射频(RF)或蜂窝。附加地，收发机可借助初级线圈或次级线圈上的附加线圈来进行通信。或者，由于电源20将能量传递到远程设备100，可使用多个不同电源线通信系统中的任意一个。
可替换地，远程收发机112可简单地是无线发射机，用于发送信息到电源收发机68。例如，远程收发机112可以是RFID(射频标识)标签。
负载108表示远程设备338的功能部件。例如，如果远程设备100是数码相机，那么负载108可以是数码相机内的微处理器。如果远程设备100是MP 3播放器，负载108可以是数字信号处理器或微处理器以及有关的电路，用于将MP3文件转换为声音。如果远程设备100是PDA，那么负载108可以是提供PDA功能的微处理器和有关电路。负载108可访问存储器110。
负载108还耦合到次级设备收发机112。因此，负载108能够通过次级设备收发机112与感应车辆接口20通信，并由此与任意其它与ADB36连接的设备通信。
图9示出了具有通信功能的自适应无接触能量传输系统的一个实施例的操作。
在感应车辆接口20启动(步骤400)后，其借助收发机68轮询远程设备。步骤402。步骤402可以是连续的，其中仅当存在远程设备时，才前进到步骤404。可替换地，后续的步骤可以在轮询重复之前执行，尽管这些操作可参考空集来执行。如果远程设备存在，其从远程设备接收功率使用信息。步骤404。
该功率使用信息可包括与远程设备40的电压、电流和功率需求的实际信息。可替换地，功率使用信息可简单地是远程设备40的ID号。如果是这样，控制器60可接收ID号并从包含在存储器62中的表查找远程设备40的功率需求。
在已经轮询了所有设备后并且已经接收每个设备的功率信息后，感应车辆接口20接着确定设备是否不再存在。如果是这样，那么更新远程设备列表。步骤408。
由控制器60维护的远程设备列表的一个实施例如图10所示。远程设备列表对于设备ID包括每个远程设备40、42、44的电压、电流和状态。可以通过控制器60来分配设备号。从远程设备40，42，44接收设备ID。如果两个远程设备是相同类型，那么设备ID可以是相同的。电压和电流是向设备供电所需要的电压或电流量，或者它们可通过将设备ID作为在存储器62中维护的远程设备数据库的关键词来获得。状态是设备的当前状态。例如，设备状态可以是“接通”、“断开”、“充电”等等。
接着，感应车辆接口20确定任何设备的状态是否变化。步骤410。例如，远程设备40可具有可再充电的电池或其它电荷存储设备。当可再充电的电池被完全充电时，远程设备40不在需要供电。因此，其状态可从“充电”转变到“断开”。如果设备的状态变化，那么更新远程设备列表。步骤412。
感应车辆接口20接着确定是否存在任何设备。步骤414。如果是这样，那么更新远程设备列表。步骤416。接着检查远程设备列表。步骤418。如果没有更新列表，那么系统接着再次轮询设备，并且过程重新开始。步骤402。
如果列表被更新，那么远程设备的功率使用已经变化，因此由感应车辆接口20提供的功率必须改变。控制器60使用远程设备列表来确定所有远程设备的功率需求。接着确定系统是否能够被重新配置成对所有设备充分供电。步骤420。
如果感应车辆接口20能够向所有远程设备供电，那么控制器60计算倒相器频率、占空比、谐振频率、和干线电压的设置。此外，控制器60确定远程设备40的次级绕组104的可变阻抗的最佳设置。步骤422。它接着设置倒相器频率、占空比、谐振频率、和干线电压设置。步骤424。它还命令远程设备40将次级绕组104的可变阻抗设置到所期望的水平。步骤424。
另一方面，如果感应车辆接口20不能够向所有远程设备供电，那么控制器60为整个系统确定最佳的可能功率设置。步骤426。它接着命令远程设备40、42、44中的一个或多个断开或改变其功耗。控制器60确定远程设备40、42、44的次级绕组104的可变阻抗的最佳设置。步骤428。它接着设置系统的倒相器频率、占空比、谐振频率、和干线电压。步骤430。控制器命令远程设备40、42、44将次级绕组104的可变阻抗设置在想要的水平上。该系统然后返回到轮询设备，并且过程重复。步骤402。
以上的描述是优选的实施例。可在不偏离由所附权利要求限定的本发明的精神和较宽方面的情况下可作出各种修改和变化，所附权利要求应当根据包括在等效原则的专利法原理来解释。例如使用“一”、“一个”、“该”、“所述”以单数对权利要求元件进行的引用不能被理解为将所述元素限制为单数。
要求了排他属性或特权的本发明的实施例被如下限定：

Claims (21)

1.一种用于从初级线圈侧向多个远程设备供电的系统，该系统包括：
具有用于向所述多个远程设备中的至少一个供电的初级线圈的感应电源，该感应电源具有用于与所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个通信的通信系统；以及
控制器
其中所述控制器位于所述初级线圈侧，并被配置成1)获取所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个的功率使用信息；2)根据所获取的功率使用信息确定是否能将功率提供给所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个；3)响应于确定功率不能被提供给所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个，调整所述多个远程设备中的一个或多个的功耗量。
2.一种用于从初级线圈侧向多个远程设备中的至少一个供电和与所述多个远程设备中的至少一个通信的车辆接口，包括：
用于容纳所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个的支架；
感应电源，该感应电源具有初级线圈，该初级线圈邻近于所述支架放置；
用于实现与所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个的通信的通信系统，该通信系统从所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个接收功率使用信息；和
控制器，配置成使用所述功率使用信息来1)确定所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个的功率需求；和2)根据所确定的功率需求重新配置所述车辆接口，以向所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个供电。
3.权利要求2的车辆接口，其中所述支架被配置为固定在车辆控制台内。
4.权利要求2的车辆接口，其中所述多个远程设备中的每一个选自包括以下设备的组：包括在位于所述车辆的车厢中的支架中的设备、包括在位于所述车辆的架空的控制台中的支架中的设备、包括在位于所述车辆的座椅背部中的支架中的设备、包括在位于所述车辆的仪表板杂物箱中的支架中的设备和包括在位于所述车辆的侧门储藏区域中的支架中的设备。
5.权利要求2的车辆接口，其中所述车辆具有车辆数据总线，并且所述车辆接口能够经由耦合到所述车辆接口的网关控制器连接到该车辆数据总线，所述网关控制器管理所述车辆接口和所述车辆数据总线之间的通信。
6.权利要求2的车辆接口，其中所述通信系统包括用于与所述多个远程设备通信的收发机。
7.权利要求2的车辆接口，其中所述功率使用信息是设备ID。
8.权利要求2的车辆接口，其中所述功率使用信息选自包括实际电压、实际电流、功率需求或这些项目的任何组合的组。
9.一种用于车辆的用于从初级线圈侧向多个远程设备中的至少一个供电的供电通信系统，该供电通信系统包括：
位于所述初级线圈侧的感应电源，用于向所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个感应地供电；和
通信系统，使在所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个和所述车辆之间能进行通信，其中所述通信系统被配置成1)周期性地从所述多个远程设备中的所述至少一个接收功率使用信息；2)确定所述功率使用信息是否已改变；以及3)响应于确定所述功率使用信息已改变，重新配置所述感应电源。
10.权利要求9的供电通信系统，其中所述通信系统包括用于与所述多个远程设备通信的收发机。
11.权利要求10的供电通信系统，还包括车辆数据总线，以及用于控制所述多个远程设备和所述车辆数据总线之间的通信的通信控制器。
12.权利要求9的供电通信系统，其中所述通信系统包括使用所述感应电源的电力线通信协议。
13.权利要求10的供电通信系统，其中所述收发机包括用于与所述远程设备无线通信的天线。
14.权利要求13的供电通信系统，其中所述收发机借助无线协议与该供电通信系统进行通信。
15.权利要求14的供电通信系统，其中所述感应电源包括倒相器和初级线圈。
16.权利要求15的供电通信系统，其中所述感应电源包括用于驱动所述倒相器的驱动电路。
17.权利要求16的供电通信系统，其中功率调节器被耦合到车辆电源并耦合到所述倒相器。
18.权利要求17的供电通信系统，还包括用于容纳所述多个远程设备之一的支架。
19.权利要求18的供电通信系统，其中所述支架具有周长，并且所述初级线圈被包含在所述周长内。
20.权利要求19的供电通信系统，其中无论所述远程设备的方向如何，所述初级线圈均适于向所述远程设备供电。
21.权利要求20的供电通信系统，其中无论所述多个远程设备的方向如何，所述收发机均能够与所述多个远程设备通信。
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CA2567634A1 (en) 2005-12-29
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CA2567634C (en) 2012-05-22
RU2390904C2 (ru) 2010-05-27
CN101697426A (zh) 2010-04-21
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MY141435A (en) 2010-04-30
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US20050007067A1 (en) 2005-01-13
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