CN101688936B - 近红外线吸收膜及使用该近红外线吸收膜的等离子体显示面板用滤光器 - Google Patents
近红外线吸收膜及使用该近红外线吸收膜的等离子体显示面板用滤光器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101688936B CN101688936B CN2008800220428A CN200880022042A CN101688936B CN 101688936 B CN101688936 B CN 101688936B CN 2008800220428 A CN2008800220428 A CN 2008800220428A CN 200880022042 A CN200880022042 A CN 200880022042A CN 101688936 B CN101688936 B CN 101688936B
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Classifications
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Abstract
一种近红外线吸收膜,所述膜具有优异的耐热性和耐湿热性,并保持有包括令人满意的近红外线吸收能力在内的光学性质。所述近红外线吸收膜包含透明基体和在所述基体的一侧上由压敏粘合剂形成的压敏粘合层,所述压敏粘合剂包含近红外线吸收染料和构成单体(甲基)丙烯酸C5-10环烷基酯的共聚物。近红外线吸收膜可以层压于一个或多个其它功能膜上,以提供可用作PDP用滤光器的层压板。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在透明基材上设置有粘合层的光学膜及其应用,所述粘合层具有近红外线吸收能力。更具体而言,本发明涉及设置有粘合层的近红外线吸收膜和使用该近红外线吸收膜的等离子体显示面板用滤光器,所述粘合层通过在透明基材上涂布含有近红外吸收染料和特定共聚物的粘合剂而形成。
背景技术
等离子体显示面板(下文中称为PDP)的原理如下:对封装在插入于两片玻璃基板之间的气室中的稀有气体(氖或氙)施加电压,使该稀有气体成为等离子态,由该稀有气体发出的紫外辐射激发涂布在气室壁表面上的荧光物质,由此产生图像信息所需的可见光。然而,PDP在发出可见光的同时也发出对人体有害的电磁波、导致电器故障的波长为800nm~1100nm的近红外辐射、降低红光色纯度的波长为约595nm的橙光(下文称为氖光)等等。因此,需要下述滤光器,所述滤光器可屏蔽(消减)这些有害的电磁波,而不会屏蔽图像信息所需的可见光。
即使在上述有害的电磁波中,近红外辐射也特别具有造成利用近红外线的电器用遥控器故障的风险,或者具有造成利用近红外线的通讯装置(例如个人电脑或无绳电话)故障的风险。因此,据认为在PDP的前面安装具有阻挡近红外线功能的滤光器是不可或缺的。
已经提出了一种方法,所述方法使用下述滤光器作为阻挡近红外线的滤光器,所述滤光器具有近红外线吸收膜作为组成元件。该近红外线吸收膜通过以下方法获得,例如在由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)等制得的透明膜上涂布含有近红外线吸收染料的粘合剂树脂,例如聚酯类树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯类树脂、聚碳酸酯类树脂或聚苯乙烯类树脂。此处所用的近红外线吸收染料具有800nm~1100nm的最大吸收波长。例如,二亚铵(diimmonium)类染料、菁类染料、吲哚菁类染料、聚甲炔类染料、方酸类染料、酞菁类染料、二硫酚络合物类染料和偶氮类染料等得到广泛使用。其中,在近红外区域具有较宽的吸收波长范围的二亚铵类染料无论单独使用还是与其它近红外线吸收染料组合使用(其中二亚铵类染料用作基剂)都是优选的。
然而,在将具有近红外线吸收能力的膜结合在由玻璃等制得的透明基板上的方法中,由于在膜与基板之间插入有单独设置的粘合层,因而需要额外的制造步骤,生产效率降低。因此,尝试将近红外线吸收染料结合在粘合层本身之中。由此,滤光器的制造过程被缩短,同时,可将近红外线吸收能力赋予构成滤光器的任何层之间,因而可以预期这会提高滤光器的制造效率。例如,专利文献1描述了一种近红外线吸收膜,其具有结合在丙烯酸类树脂粘合剂中的近红外线吸收染料。
然而,当将诸如二亚铵类染料等近红外线吸收染料结合在粘合层中时,出现了耐热稳定性或耐湿热稳定性变差的问题。因此,为稳定在粘合层中不稳定的近红外线吸收染料进行了各种研究。例如,专利文献2建议使用硅类粘合剂作为粘合剂,但是硅类粘合剂又面临以下困难,即,粘合层的处理、特别是粘合层的形成很棘手。专利文献3建议具有下述结构的滤光器,所述结构包括与近红外线吸收层层压的透明基体,所述近红外线吸收层在丙烯酸类树脂中含有近红外线吸收染料,所述丙烯酸类树脂含有脂环族基团,并且羟基值为10以下。然而,该滤光器不同于具有结合在粘合层中的近红外线吸收染料的那些滤光器。
[专利文献1]日本专利第3621322号公报
[专利文献2]日本特开第2005-62506号公报
[专利文献3]日本特开第2005-84476号公报
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题
本发明的目的在于制造近红外线吸收膜,其中,通过涂布粘合剂而设置的层(下文称为粘合层)含有近红外线吸收染料,并且所述近红外线吸收膜具有优异的耐热性或耐湿热性,并保持令人满意的光学性质,本发明的目的还在于提供使用该膜的PDP用滤光器。
解决问题的手段
为解决上述问题,本发明人进行了专门的研究,结果发现通过下述方式可以解决这些问题,即,使用含有特定(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯的共聚物的粘合剂作为形成含有近红外线吸收染料的粘合层时所用的粘合剂。由此,本发明人完成了本发明。
具体而言,本发明涉及以下方面:
(1)一种近红外线吸收膜,所述膜包含透明基体,并在所述基体的一侧上设置有由粘合剂形成的粘合层,所述粘合剂含有近红外线吸收染料和具有(甲基)丙烯酸(C5-C10)环烷基酯作为构成单体的共聚物;
(2)如以上(1)所述的近红外线吸收膜,其中,所述共聚物是具有(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸的(C3-C10)烷基酯和不饱和多元酸或具有官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸类单体作为构成单体的共聚物;
(3)如以上(1)或(2)所述的近红外线吸收膜,其中,所述(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯是选自由丙烯酸环戊酯、丙烯酸环己酯、甲基取代的环己基丙烯酸酯、叔丁基取代的环己基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸异冰片酯和丙烯酸十氢-2-萘基酯组成的组中的至少一种化合物;
(4)如以上(1)~(3)中任一项所述的近红外线吸收膜,其中,所述近红外线吸收染料为由下式(1)表示的二亚铵类染料:
其中,R1~R8各自独立地表示氢原子或具有/不具有取代基的脂肪烃残基,X表示一价阴离子;
(5)如以上(1)~(4)中任一项所述的近红外线吸收膜,其中,形成所述粘合层的所述粘合剂含有交联剂;和
(6)一种等离子体显示面板用滤光器,所述滤光器包含如以上(1)~(5)中任一项所述的近红外线吸收膜、具有电磁波屏蔽功能的膜和/或具有降低反射功能的膜作为构成元件。
发明效果
本发明的近红外线吸收膜具有令人满意的近红外线吸收性能或光学性质,并且在耐热性或稳定性方面也十分优异。此外,所述近红外线吸收膜具有粘合剂层,这使得该膜可以方便地与其它功能膜层压,由此也使PDP用滤光器等的制造变得更加容易。
具体实施方式
接下来将详细描述本发明。
本发明的近红外线吸收膜是通过在透明基体的一侧上设置丙烯酸类树脂的粘合层而形成的近红外线吸收膜,其特征在于,形成粘合层的粘合剂含有作为主要组分的丙烯酸类共聚物,所述丙烯酸类共聚物具有(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯作为单体组分,并且所述粘合层含有诸如由式(1)表示的二亚铵类染料等近红外线吸收染料。
在本说明书中,“(甲基)丙烯酸”是指丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸。此外,附有词语“(Cm-Cn)”的基团(假定m和n是正整数)是指碳原子数在m~n范围内的基团。
本发明中所使用的粘合剂含有共聚物作为主要成分,所述共聚物具有(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯作为构成单体。在优选实施方式中,所述共聚物为具有(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯和(甲基)丙烯酸的(C3-C10)烷基酯作为构成单体的共聚物。在更优选的实施方式中,所述共聚物是具有(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸的(C3-C10)烷基酯和不饱和多元酸或具有官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸类单体作为构成单体的共聚物。
(甲基丙烯酸)的(C5-C10)环烷基酯的具体实例包括丙烯酸环戊酯、甲基丙烯酸环戊酯、丙烯酸环己酯、甲基丙烯酸环己酯、丙烯酸2-、3-或4-甲基环己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-、3-或4-甲基环己酯、丙烯酸3-或4-叔丁基环己酯、甲基丙烯酸3-或4-叔丁基环己酯、丙烯酸1,2,3,4-四氢-2-萘基酯、甲基丙烯酸1,2,3,4-四氢-2-萘基酯、丙烯酸十氢-2-萘基酯、甲基丙烯酸十氢-2-萘基酯、丙烯酸异冰片酯、丙烯酸二环戊酯和甲基丙烯酸二环戊酯等。其中,优选的是选择选自丙烯酸环戊酯、丙烯酸环己酯、甲基取代的环己基丙烯酸酯、叔丁基取代的环己基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸异冰片酯和丙烯酸十氢-2-萘基酯的一种或多种化合物。在更优选的实施方式中,所述化合物选自丙烯酸环己酯、甲基取代的环己基丙烯酸酯或叔丁基取代的环己基丙烯酸酯。
(甲基)丙烯酸(C3-C10)烷基酯的具体实例包括(甲基)丙烯酸的正丙酯、异丙酯、正丁酯、异丁酯、仲丁酯、叔丁酯、正戊酯、异戊酯、正己酯、2-乙基丁酯、2-乙基己酯、正辛酯、正癸酯和苯甲酯。其中,优选丙烯酸的正丁酯、异丁酯、仲丁酯、叔丁酯、正戊酯、异戊酯、正己酯、2-乙基丁酯和2-乙基己酯。可以根据需要将这些酯中的两种以上组合使用。
在使用交联剂的情况下,不饱和多元酸或具有官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸类单体被用作反应点,通过交联反应,预计可因对共聚物的玻璃化转变温度的控制而使粘合性得到改善、粘合力或耐热性得到加强。
不饱和多元酸的具体实例包括具有两个以上羧基的单体,例如衣康酸、马来酸、巴豆酸和富马酸。
具有官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸类单体的具体实例包括:具有羧基的单体,例如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸;具有羟基的单体,例如(甲基)丙烯酸羟乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羟丙基酯或(甲基)丙烯酸羟丁基酯;酰胺类单体,例如丙烯酰胺、吗啉基丙烯酰胺或N-羟甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺;具有(取代的)氨基的单体,例如(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲基氨乙基酯;具有环氧基的单体,例如(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯;等等。
这些单体占构成共聚物的单体的总重的比例优选为0.5重量%~10重量%,更优选为2重量%~6重量%。
关于本发明的具有(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯和(甲基)丙烯酸的(C3-C10)烷基酯作为构成单体的共聚物,(甲基丙烯酸)的(C5-C10)环烷基酯与(甲基)丙烯酸的(C3-C10)烷基酯的比例为前者1份比后者1份~20份,后者优选为2份~10份(重量比)。当相对于每1份(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯,(甲基)丙烯酸的(C3-C10)烷基酯的用量少于一份时,粘着力倾向于降低。另一方面,当相对于每1份(甲基)丙烯酸的(C5-C10)环烷基酯,(甲基)丙烯酸的(C3-C10)烷基酯的用量大于20份时,粘合层中所含有的近红外线吸收染料的耐热稳定性或耐湿热稳定性倾向于降低。在向所述共聚物中加入不饱和多元酸或具有官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸类单体作为上述两种酯以外的构成单体的情况下,如上所述,其用量应使得构成单体占构成共聚物的单体的总重的比例优选为0.5重量%~10重量%,更优选为2重量%~6重量%。
关于构成本发明的粘合剂的主要组分的共聚物的合成,本身已知的聚合方法,例如溶液聚合、悬浮聚合和本体聚合都可以应用。
进行聚合时,优选使用自由基聚合引发剂。可用的自由基聚合引发剂的具体实例包括过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化月桂酰、过氧化二叔丁基、叔丁基过氧化氢、过氧化二异丙苯、偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二环己腈、过硫酸钾和过硫酸铵等。由此,可以使用所有能够用在常规自由基聚合中的那些自由基聚合引发剂。聚合引发剂的用量不受特别限制,但是,相对于单体组分的总重,其用量优选为0.01重量%~1.0重量%。
从聚合速率、反应控制和分子量等方面考虑,优选聚合温度为0℃~200℃,特别是50℃~100℃。聚合时间取决于聚合温度,通常为1小时~48小时;然而,在更优选的实施方式中,聚合时间为3小时~12小时。从耐热性或粘合性等方面考虑,优选的是,用作本发明中的粘合剂的共聚物的重量平均分子量为100,000以上,特别优选为1,000,000~2,000,000(下文中,所述共聚物可被称为丙烯酸类共聚物)。
至于用在本发明中的近红外线吸收染料,可以使用最大吸收波长为800nm~1100nm的任何染料,而不受特别限制。可用的近红外线吸收染料的实例包括二亚铵类染料、亚硝基化合物及其金属盐、菁类染料、吲哚菁类染料、聚甲炔类染料、方酸类染料、酞菁类染料、萘酞菁类染料、三芳基甲烷类染料、硫醇-镍络合物类化合物、二硫酚络合物类染料、萘醌类染料、蒽醌类染料和偶氮类染料等。
其中,优选使用在近红外区域具有较宽吸收波长范围的二亚铵类染料。特别优选用于本发明中的二亚铵类染料由式(1)表示。式(1)中的R1~R8各自独立地表示氢原子或具有/不具有取代基的脂肪烃残基。此处,脂肪烃残基是指通过从饱和或不饱和的、线性、支化或环脂肪烃中除去一个氢原子而获得的基团。从在有机溶剂中的溶解性和热稳定性方面考虑,脂肪烃残基优选具有1~12个碳原子,更优选具有3~8个碳原子。
饱和的线性和支化脂肪烃残基的具体实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、叔戊基、正己基、异己基、正辛基、异辛基、癸基和十二烷基等。其中,优选的实例包括正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、正戊基和新戊基。
脂肪烃残基可以具有取代基,所述取代基例如为:芳基,例如苯基、苄基或苯乙基;卤原子,例如氟、氯或溴;羟基;烷氧基,例如甲氧基、乙氧基或丙氧基;烷氧基烷基,例如甲氧基乙基或乙氧基乙基;芳氧基;酰氧基,例如乙酰氧基、丁酰氧基或苯甲酰氧基;N,N-二烷基氨基;氰基;磺烷基,例如磺甲基;羧基;或烷氧基羰基,例如甲氧基羰基。
具有取代基的脂肪烃残基的具体优选实例包括:氰基取代的烷基,例如氰甲基、2-氰乙基、2-或3-氰丙基、2-、3-或4-氰丁基或2-、3-、4-或5-氰戊基;烷氧基取代的烷基,例如甲氧基乙基、乙氧基乙基、3-甲氧基丙基、3-乙氧基丙基、4-甲氧基丁基、4-乙氧基丁基、5-甲氧基戊基或5-乙氧基戊基;和氟取代的烷基,例如单氟甲基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、四氟乙基、五氟乙基、七氟丙基、全氟丁基、全氟戊基、全氟己基或全氟辛基。
不饱和的线性和支化脂肪烃残基的具体实例包括乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯基、异丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、异己烯基和辛烯基等,它们也可以具有诸如卤原子、羟基、烷氧基或羧基等取代基。
环脂肪烃残基的具体实例包括环戊基、环己基和环己烯基,它们也可以具有例如上述取代基。
这些基团可以各自独立地存在,例如,在由式(1)表示的化合物中,R1与R2、R3与R4、R5与R6和R7与R8的各组合可以是不同基团的组合。此外,例如,也可以使用一个取代有不具有取代基的线性烷基和不具有取代基的支化烷基的氨基;一个取代有不具有取代基的线性烷基和氰基取代的烷基的氨基;等等。优选的是,R1~R8中至少有一个是支化烷基,更优选的是,R1~R8均为在末端支化的烷基。关于R1~R8均为在末端支化的烷基这一点,可列举出异丙基、异丁基、异戊基或异己基等,特别优选的是,R1~R8均为异丁基。
式(1)中的阴离子X是一价阴离子,其实例包括无机阴离子、有机酸的阴离子和有机金属阴离子等。
无机阴离子的具体实例包括例如:卤素离子,例如氯离子、溴离子和碘离子;硫氰酸根离子、六氟锑酸根离子、高氯酸根离子、高碘酸根离子、硝酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子、六氟磷酸根离子、钼酸根离子、钨酸根离子、钛酸根离子、钒酸根离子、磷酸根离子、硼酸根离子、四氟钽酸根离子和四氟铌酸根离子等。优选强酸的阴离子,优选的实例包括高氯酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子、六氟磷酸根离子和六氟锑酸根离子。
有机酸的阴离子和有机金属阴离子的具体实例包括例如:有机羧酸根离子,例如乙酸根离子、乳酸根离子、三氟乙酸根离子、丙酸根离子、苯甲酸根离子、草酸根离子、琥珀酸根离子或硬脂酸根离子;有机磺酸根离子,例如甲磺酸根离子、甲苯磺酸根离子、萘单磺酸根离子、氯苯磺酸根离子、硝基苯磺酸根离子、十二烷基苯磺酸根离子、苯磺酸根离子、乙磺酸根离子或三氟甲磺酸根离子;有机硼酸根离子,例如四苯基硼酸根离子或丁基三苯基硼酸根离子;和含氟有机酸离子,例如双(三氟甲磺酰基)亚氨酸根离子(imidate ion)或三(三氟甲磺酰基)哌醋甲酸根离子(methidate ion)。优选的实例包括双(三氟甲磺酰基)亚氨酸根离子或三(三氟甲磺酰基)哌醋甲酸根离子,它们是强酸的阴离子。
在这些阴离子中,特别优选的是双(三氟甲磺酰基)亚氨酸根离子或三(三氟甲磺酰基)哌醋甲酸根离子。
用在本发明中的二亚铵类染料可以单独使用,但为了扩大所需的近红外线的吸收波长范围或调整吸收比例等,也可将二亚铵类染料与一种或多种其它近红外线吸收化合物组合使用。其它近红外线吸收化合物的实例包括不同于如式(1)所表示的二亚铵类染料的二亚铵类染料、亚硝基化合物及其金属盐、菁类染料、方酸类染料、硫醇-镍络合物类化合物、酞菁类染料、萘酞菁类染料、三芳基甲烷类染料、萘醌类染料和蒽醌类染料等。
当使用不同于二亚铵类染料的染料时,二亚铵类染料在近红外线吸收染料的总量中的比例优选为50重量%以上。
当将交联剂并入粘合剂中时,可以对丙烯酸类共聚物进行交联处理。可用的交联剂的具体实例包括例如:聚异氰酸酯,例如脂肪族二异氰酸酯(如六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷加合物)或芳香族二异氰酸酯(如甲苯二异氰酸酯、二甲苯二异氰酸酯或甲苯二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷加合物);三聚氰胺化合物,例如三羟甲基三聚氰胺;多胺,例如六亚甲基二胺或三乙胺;环氧化合物,例如聚乙二醇二环氧甘油醚或三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚;金属螯合物,例如乙酰丙酮铝;金属盐,例如氯化铝;等等。这些交联剂可以作为两种以上的混合物使用。
相对于100重量份的丙烯酸类共聚物,交联剂的结合量通常为0.005重量份~5重量份,并且优选为0.01重量份~3重量份。
对于本发明的粘合剂,除了上述组分之外,还可以根据需要适当选择和混入聚酯类树脂、聚酰胺类树脂、聚氨酯类树脂、聚烯烃类树脂、聚碳酸酯类树脂、天然或合成橡胶类树脂或硅类树脂等。
此外,为增强含有近红外线吸收染料的粘合层的耐用性,可以加入抗氧化剂或紫外线吸收剂等。关于抗氧化剂,可以列举出酚类、胺类、受阻酚类、受阻胺类、硫类、磷酸酯(盐)类、亚磷酸酯(盐)类或金属络合物类试剂,关于紫外线吸收剂,可以列举出二苯甲酮类或苯并三唑类试剂。此外,在无碍于本发明的效果的范围内,粘合层还以含有最大吸收波长为300nm~800nm的色调校正用染料、氖光吸收染料、匀染剂或抗静电剂等。
用在本发明中的粘合剂通过在搅拌下混合下述比例的上述组分而获得,所述比例例如为,100重量份的丙烯酸类共聚物、0.1重量份~20重量份的近红外线吸收染料和0~10重量份的其它添加剂(如交联剂和紫外线吸收剂)。然而,当考虑在透明基体上进行涂布处理时,优选通过以下方式获得粘合剂:将例如100重量份丙烯酸类共聚物、0.1重量份~20重量份近红外线吸收染料和0~10重量份其它添加剂(如交联剂和紫外线吸收剂)溶解在溶剂中,根据需要对该粘合剂进行过滤处理等,然后制备为涂布液。在此情况下,优选将涂布液中的粘合剂含量调整为10重量%~30重量%,优选为15重量%~20重量%。
本发明的近红外线吸收膜可以通过在稍后将描述的透明支持膜上涂布前述涂布液,并干燥该涂布液而制造。关于含有近红外线吸收染料和其它添加剂的粘合剂层,粘合层的涂布应使干燥后的厚度通常达到1μm~50μm,优选为10μm~30μm,并通过在80℃~140℃干燥来固定。
还可以采用以下方法,即,以与上述相同的方式,在诸如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜等可剥型(可释放型)膜上设置含有近红外线吸收染料和其它添加剂的粘合剂层,随后将该粘合剂层与下述表面结合,由此转移该粘合剂层,所述表面为与设置有下述层的表面相反的表面,所述层具有稍后将描述的功能膜的功能。
关于如上所述制备涂布液时所用的溶剂,可以列举出:脂肪烃,例如正己烷或正庚烷;芳香烃,例如甲苯或二甲苯;酮,例如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮或环戊酮;醇,例如甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇;醚,例如四氢呋喃或乙二醇单甲醚;酯,例如乙酸乙酯或乙酸丁酯;卤代脂肪烃,例如氯仿、二氯甲烷或二氯乙烯;或酰胺,例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或N,N-二甲基乙酰胺。这些有机溶剂可以单独使用,如果需要,也可以作为适当的混合物使用。
关于涂布液的涂布,可以适当选择和采用已知的涂布方法,例如流涂法、喷涂法、绕线棒涂布法、刮板涂布法、凹版涂布法、凹版逆转涂布(gravure reverse coating)法、辊涂法、狭缝挤压涂布(slit die coating)法或逗号涂布机(comma coater)法。
用作本发明中的透明基体的透明支持膜的材料可以适当地选自以下材料并使用,所述材料例如为:聚酯,例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT);聚碳酸酯(PC);三乙酸酯;聚丙烯酸酯;聚甲基丙烯酸酯(PMMA);聚烯烃,例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯;聚苯乙烯;纤维素;聚氨酯;和聚氯乙烯。优选的是,使用PET、PC或PMMA。
至于支持膜的厚度,从良好的可加工性方面考虑,优选为10μm~500μm。也可以对支持膜的表面进行电晕放电处理、等离子体处理或辉光放电处理,或者设置有锚涂剂的涂层或底漆等,以提高对于涂布膜的粘合性。此外,更优选的是,透明支持膜本身为具有例如反射降低性、防眩光/反射降低性、抗静电性、防污性、电磁波屏蔽性和色调调整等单一功能或多种功能的膜,并且可能进行滤光器的合理生产。
本发明的近红外线吸收膜可以单独用作光学膜,但是在优选实施方式中,将一个或多个不同于本发明的近红外线吸收膜的具有可选功能的膜层压,并将该层压板用作滤光器。此处,具有可选功能的膜的实例包括:用于防止对于显示单元的背景反射并提高所显示的图像的对比度的抗反射膜或防眩光膜;用于消减由PDP等显示器件发出的电磁波的电磁波屏蔽膜;用于消减氖光的膜;具有赋予耐刮擦性的硬质涂层或用于防止外表面污染的防污层的膜;用于层压这些膜中的各个膜的粘合或粘性膜;等等。
接下来将在下文中介绍上述功能膜的实例,但是功能膜并不限于这些实例。
抗反射膜是通过干涉表面反射光和界面反射光而减少反射光的膜。抗反射膜为例如:设置有低折射率层的膜,所述低折射率层通过在PET等透明支持膜的表面上涂布折射率降低剂(例如氟化镁或二氧化硅)与粘合剂树脂而形成;或者下述膜,其中,在透明支持膜与低折射率层之间设置有硬质涂层,所述硬质涂布层例如是通过涂布诸如氧化钛、氧化锌或氧化锆等折射率提高剂而形成的高折射率层,以控制来自各层的反射光使其彼此抵消,由此改善可见性。防眩光/反射降低膜是通过下述方式使可见性得到进一步改善的膜:将例如聚苯乙烯类树脂或丙烯酸类树脂等的细粒分散在高折射率层或反射降低膜的其它层中,从而使任何来自外部光源的光发生漫反射。
电磁波屏蔽膜包括筛网型和薄膜型,在筛网型中,极细的金属(例如铜)丝以网状几何图案保持在透明支持膜中,在薄膜型中,极薄的金属膜在保持可见光透过性的范围内保持在透明支持膜中。然而,由于薄膜型通常通过反射近红外线而使近红外线不透过,因此对于薄膜型而言,近红外线吸收膜并不是必需的。因此,作为要层压在本发明的近红外线吸收膜上的电磁波屏蔽膜,可以使用筛网型膜。
在PDP中,在施加电压时产生的源于Ne气的波长为550nm~620nm的氖光可导致红光的色纯度的降低,因此需要在显示器之前将其消减至一定程度。可使用具有保持在透明支持膜中的氖光吸收化合物的氖光吸收膜。氖光吸收化合物的实例包括氮杂卟啉类、菁类、方酸类、甲亚胺类、氧杂蒽类和偶氮类化合物等。
也可以采用下述方法获得能够同时吸收近红外线和氖光的层:将具有氖光吸收能力的化合物混入具有近红外线吸收能力的粘合剂层中。
本发明的滤光器通过使用本发明的近红外线吸收膜作为最小构成元件,随后在该近红外线吸收膜上层压具有电磁波屏蔽功能、反射降低功能和其它功能的膜而获得。本发明的滤光器可以预先与玻璃板或塑料板结合,然后附着在PDP的前面,也可以直接结合在PDP的前面。
本发明的近红外线吸收膜可以通过常规制造方法制造,该膜的近红外线吸收能力具有长期优异的稳定性,并且该膜对于用在光学功能膜的基板中的玻璃、PET膜或聚碳酸酯等具有优异的粘合能力。此外,通过在此近红外线吸收膜上层压其它功能膜而获得的滤光器作为PDP用滤光器,在提供其它功能的同时还提供了优异的近红外线吸收效果。
实施例
下面将通过实施例更加详细地描述本发明,但是本发明并非旨在限于这些实施例。在实施例中,除非另有说明,否则术语“份”是指重量份,术语“%”是指重量百分比。
参考例1(共聚物1的合成)
将作为单体的64份丙烯酸丁酯、32份丙烯酸环己酯和4份丙烯酸及作用溶剂的100份乙酸乙酯加入容积为1L并配备有搅拌器、冷凝管、温度传感器和氮气入口管的烧瓶中,并搅拌该混合物,使其溶解。引入氮气以将气相中的氧浓度调整为0.1体积%以下,然后将该溶液加热至70℃。将溶解在少量乙酸乙酯中的作为聚合引发剂的0.020份偶氮二异丁腈加入该烧瓶,并在加热7小时下聚合获得的混合物,期间温度保持为70℃。由此,获得丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸环己酯和丙烯酸的共聚物1。向该共聚物中加入甲基乙基酮,溶解该共聚物至共聚物浓度为25%,由此获得树脂溶液。通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)(标准:聚苯乙烯)测量的重均分子量为1,800,000。
参考例2(共聚物2的合成)
以与参考例1中所使用的方法相似的方法获得丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异冰片酯和丙烯酸的共聚物2,不同之处在于使用72份丙烯酸丁酯、24份丙烯酸异冰片酯和4份丙烯酸作为单体。向该共聚物中加入甲基乙基酮,溶解该共聚物至共聚物浓度为25%,由此获得树脂溶液。通过GPC测量的重均分子量为1,100,000。
参考例3(共聚物3的合成)
以与参考例1中所使用的方法相似的方法获得丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸4-叔丁基环己酯和丙烯酸的共聚物3,不同之处在于使用64份丙烯酸丁酯、32份丙烯酸4-叔丁基环己酯和4份丙烯酸作为单体。向该共聚物中加入甲基乙基酮,溶解该共聚物至共聚物浓度为25%,由此获得树脂溶液。通过GPC测量的重均分子量为1,500,000。
参考例4(比较用共聚物4的合成)
以与参考例1中所使用的方法相似的方法获得丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸的比较用共聚物4,不同之处在于使用96份丙烯酸丁酯和4份丙烯酸作为单体。向该共聚物中加入甲基乙基酮,溶解该共聚物至共聚物浓度为25重量%,由此获得树脂溶液。通过GPC测量的重均分子量为1,700,000。
实施例1(近红外线吸收膜的制造)
使用逗号涂布机以0.8m/分钟的涂布速率在可剥离的PET膜(商品名:PET·3811,由Lintech International LLC制造)上涂布通过将表1中所示的材料混合并溶解至均匀状态而制备的涂布液,使得在110℃的干燥温度粘合剂层的厚度为18μm,由此形成粘合剂层。将该PET膜结合在反射降低膜(商品名:KAYACOAT ARS-D511,由Nippon Kayaku Co.,Ltd.制造)的与反射降低表面相反的表面上,使该粘合剂层位于两个膜之间。这样就获得了具有反射降低性质的本发明的近红外线吸收膜。
[表1]
(注释)
商品名TINUVIN 109;苯并三唑类化合物
商品名M12ATY;金属螯合物
商品名L45EY;异氰酸酯化合物
(PDP用滤光器的制造)
剥下具有保护膜和粘合层的电磁波屏蔽膜(商品名:ES-1534U(HCD-42-02),由Hitachi Chemical Co.,Ltd.制造)的保护膜,并剥下实施例1中获得的红外线吸收膜的可剥离的PET膜。将这两个膜结合,使粘合层位于二者之间,由此获得PDP用滤光器。该滤光器充分表现出了PDP滤光器在所有情况下所需的性能,而无论是将该滤光器直接结合在PDP模块的前面,还是先将该滤光器结合在玻璃板等透明板上再将该板附着在所述模块的前面。
实施例2(近红外线吸收膜的制造)
使用逗号涂布机以0.8m/分钟的涂布速率在可剥离的PET膜(商品名:PET·3811,由Lintech International LLC制造)上涂布通过将表2中所示的材料混合并溶解至均匀状态而制备的涂布液,使得在110℃的干燥温度粘合剂层的厚度为18μm,由此形成粘合剂层。将该PET膜结合在反射降低膜(商品名:KAYACOAT ARS-D511,由Nippon Kayaku Co.,Ltd.制造)的与反射降低表面相反的表面上,使该粘合剂层位于两个膜之间。这样就获得了具有反射降低性质的本发明的近红外线吸收膜。
[表2]
实施例3(近红外线吸收膜的制造)
使用逗号涂布机以0.8m/分钟的涂布速率在可剥离的PET膜(商品名:PET·3811,由Lintech International LLC制造)上涂布通过将表3中所示的材料混合并溶解至均匀状态而制备的涂布液,使得在110℃的干燥温度粘合剂层的厚度为18μm,由此形成粘合剂层。将该PET膜结合在反射降低膜(商品名:KAYACOAT ARS-D511,由Nippon Kayaku Co.,Ltd.制造)的与反射降低表面相反的表面上,使该粘合剂层位于两个膜之间。这样就获得了具有反射降低性质的本发明的近红外线吸收膜。
[表3]
(PDP用滤光器的制造)
剥下红外线吸收膜的可剥离的PET膜,并将该红外线吸收膜结合在具有保护膜和粘合层的电磁波屏蔽膜(商品名:ES-1534U(HCD-42-02),由Hitachi Chemical Co.,Ltd.制造)的与保护膜相反的表面上,使粘合层位于这两个膜之间。由此获得PDP用滤光器。该滤光器充分表现出了PDP滤光器在所有情况下所需的性能,而无论是先将保护膜剥下再将该滤光器直接结合在PDP模块的前面,还是先将该滤光器结合在玻璃板等透明板上再将该板附着在所述模块的前面。
比较例1(近红外线吸收膜的制造)
以与实施例1中所用的方法相似的方法获得具有反射降低性质的近红外线吸收膜,不同之处在于,使用参考例4的比较用共聚物4代替表1中所示的粘合剂。
性能测试
测试方法
对于实施例1、2和3及比较例1的近红外线吸收膜,通过制造后(0小时)的立即测量和进行耐热性和耐湿热性测试之后(500小时)的测量,来测量光透射率(Y)的变化、在近红外区域中波长950nm处的透射率的变化以及雾度的变化。将膜存放在恒温、恒湿箱中500小时,采用80℃进行耐热性测试,采用60℃和90%的相对湿度进行耐湿热性测试。耐用性测试的结果如表4和表5中所示。
在各表中,使用分光光度计(商品名:UV-3150,由ShimadzuCorporation.制造)测量光透射率(Y)和在近红外区域中波长950nm处的透射率,使用雾度计(商品名:TC-HIIIDPK,由Tokyo Denshoku Co.,Ltd.制造)来测量雾度。
[表4]
耐热性测试的结果
[表5]
耐湿热性测试的结果
结果讨论
从表4和表5的结果中可以看出,与比较例1的近红外线吸收膜相比,实施例1、2和3的近红外线吸收膜在耐用性测试后透射率和雾度的变化都比较小。特别是,雾度和波长950nm处的透射率的变化均比较小,并且耐用性令人满意。
Claims (3)
2.如权利要求1所述的近红外线吸收膜,其中,形成所述粘合层的所述粘合剂含有交联剂。
3.一种等离子体显示面板用滤光器,所述滤光器包含权利要求1或2所述的近红外线吸收膜,还包含具有电磁波屏蔽功能的膜和/或具有降低反射功能的膜作为构成元件。
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