CN101508602A

CN101508602A - Method for producing fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN101508602A
Application number: CNA2008103043450A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李光聚; 刘永江; 李鑫; 黄河
Original assignee: Shandong Liuhe Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2008-09-03
Filing date: 2008-09-03
Publication date: 2009-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2028-09-03
Also published as: CN101508602B

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: mixing 15-20% of smashed tobacco stalk, tobacco ashes and other bits and pieces with 45-50% of feces of live stock feces; then evenly mixing 0.08-0.1% of thermophilic bacillus in aerobic zymogen, 0.5-0.8% of trace element fertilizer and 0.1-0.2% of carbamide with 30-35% of smashed plant straw powder; adding water to the obtained mixture to raise the water content to 45-50% as well as adjusting pH value to 5.5-6.5; fermenting for 10-15 days at a temperature higher than 20 DEG C; turning 5-6 times, and drying in the air until the water content is lower than 20%. The organic fertilizer produced by the invention can loosen and activate soil, enhance photosynthetic efficiency pf plants, increase yield and quality of farm produce, decrease occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, reduce usage amount of pesticide and fertilizer, and relieve environment pollution.

Description

A kind of method of making fertilizer

Technical field

The present invention relates to fertilizer and make the field, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing offal, offal to make fertilizer for raw material.

Background technology

Directly can produce injury to farm crop with cigarette factory leftover bits and pieces fertilizer nicotine contents such as offal, offal are high; be one of subject matter of puzzlement organic fertilizer production enterprise always, especially particularly serious at the higher vegetable protecting field of organic fertilizer usage quantity, fruit principal producting area situation.Nicotine content in this fertilizer has limited the use of fertilizer, and usage quantity is higher, can cause the plant leaf flavescence, thereby influences the accumulation of photosynthate, further has influence on the output and the quality of agricultural-food.

Show through a large amount of investigation tests, produce fertilizer with cigarette factory tankage such as offal, offals, when cigarette such as offal, offal factory tankage content in the fertilizer surpasses 10%, use on Kiwifruit, show as 48% blade flavescence, the flavescence area surpasses 1/4; Content surpasses at 50% o'clock, uses on fruit trees such as apple, pears, and its blade has 31% flavescence area above 1/3,45% blade flavescence area is arranged above 1/4.

Blade flavescence meeting influences photosynthesis of plants, thereby influences the output and the quality of product, influences the outlet and the economic benefit of product.

China is the country of tobacco planting area maximum in the world, and ten thousand tons of annual yield of tobacco 450-500 wherein have tankage such as nearly 25% offal, offal to go out of use approximately, can not be used for production of cigarettes.Yet the moiety of tankage such as offal, offal and complete tobacco leaf are identical, are rich in various biological organic composition and the secondary metabolites that production application is worth that have, and contain nutrients such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element simultaneously.After testing, organic content is about 40% in the tankage such as offal, offal, and nitrogen phosphorus potassium total content is about 11%.Simultaneously, nicotine also has desinsection, anthelmintic effect, and an amount of the application can produce positive effect to the nuisanceless production of agricultural-food in fertilizer.But how to widely apply this waste-material-preparing fertilizer, the present domestic effective method for manufacturing that still do not have.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has overcome the defective that nicotine content height in the fertilizer causes the plant leaf flavescence, and providing a kind of is the method that raw material is made fertilizer with offal, offal, improving the fertilizer quality, and makes the fertilizer have certain insect protected function.

The present invention adopts strict scientific experimentation method, by detection and the analysis to tankage moietys such as offal, offals, determines a kind of method of making fertilizer, comprises the step of following order:

(1) tankage such as offal, offal (cigarette factory produces the waste material of cigarette) are pulverized back 15-20%, plant straw powder (peanut hull meal, powdered rice hulls etc.) 30-35%, 45-50% mixes with feces of livestock and poultry (ight soil of chicken, pig, duck etc.).

(2) with the bacillus acidocldarius 0.08-0.1% in the aerobic fermentation bacterium, trace element fertilizer 0.5-0.8%, the plant straw powder of urea 0.1-0.2% and 30-35% (peanut hull meal, powdered rice hulls etc.) uniform mixing.

More than proportioning raw materials in the step of (1) (2) all are weight ratios.

(3) with step 1 and step 2 difference gains uniform mixing.

(4) step 3 gains are added entry, the water content that makes reaches 45-50%, adjusts potential of hydrogen simultaneously between 5.5-6.5.

(5) with step (4) gains in temperature is higher than 20 ℃ environment, fermented 10-15 days, turning 5-6 time, airing to water content is lower than 20% again.

Tankage such as the described offal of step (1), offal are after offal, offal airing that the proterties of will collect differs are done, to pulverize gains with crusher.

The described plant straw powder of step (1) (2) (peanut hull meal, powdered rice hulls etc.) can be by one or more mixture replacing.

Step (1) gains are pulverized back length and are not more than 0.5 centimetre.

The described trace element of step (2) mainly is zinc sulfate, borax and ferrous sulfate.

Described being mixed into of step (3) put into mixing machine with its uniform mixing.

By this manufacture method, can produce the organic fertilizer that meets the NY525-2002 standard, organic content in the fertilizer 〉=34%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium total content 〉=4.25%.

The use of organic fertilizer will be adopted different recommendation usage quantitys according to different plants.

Fertilizer by manufacturing of the present invention has following effect: loose activating soil; Improve plant photosynthesis efficient, improve output and quality; Reduce the incidence of disease and pest, reduce the usage quantity of agricultural chemicals; Reduce the usage quantity of chemical fertilizer, alleviate environmental pollution.

Embodiment

Every 666.7m before ploughing ²(50 kilograms of composite fertilizers of 15-15-15 alliance, 50 kilograms of seaization vitriolate of tartar, 40 kilograms of nitric acid calcareous fertilisers) apply fertilizer to the subsoil; trench digging before the field planting; 20 kilograms+260 kilograms these fertilizers of fertilising 60 kilograms+bacterial manure of 15-15-15 composite fertilizer of alliance are executed back and native mixing in the ditch, water after the field planting.Fruit tree can be ditched or open the cave and be used.

Use offal, offal content to surpass the manure trial contrast of 50% the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the fertilizer that uses this patent production and dregs of beans organic commercial fertilizer.

On March 20th, 2007 test is carried out on the five age red fuji apple fruit trees of Yantai, Shandong Qixia She Wobo, removing isolation strip, to select 3 strains be an experimental plot, handle one for using offal, offal content to surpass 50% the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the individual plant usage quantity is 8 kilograms; Handle two for using the fertilizer of this patent production, the individual plant usage quantity is 8 kilograms; Contrast waits the dregs of beans organic commercial fertilizer that is worth for using, and the individual plant usage quantity is 7 kilograms.Random processing, triplicate, other management are consistent with normal management, and using method is that every strain tree opens 4 in 0.5 meter square fertilising cave from 1.3 meters on trunk, waters after the fertilising.

The manure trial result of offal, offal fertilizer

Experiment is handled	Use crop	Use the fertilizer amount	Result of use	Output
Experiment is handled	Use crop	Use the fertilizer amount	Result of use	Output	Handle one	Five the age red fuji apple fruit tree	The individual plant usage quantity is 8 kilograms	Use back 110 days (July 10) blade edge along flavescence, and expand to vein; During to 150 days (August 20), the blade flavescence reaches: 31% blade flavescence area is arranged above 1/3,45% blade flavescence area is arranged above 1/4.	With the contrast ratio underproduction 20.2%
Handle two	Five the age red fuji apple fruit tree	The individual plant usage quantity is 8 kilograms	Use back 110 days (July 10), not flavescence of blade; To not flavescence of blade on 150 days (August 20).	With contrast ratio volume increase 17.5%	Handle one	Five the age red fuji apple fruit tree	The individual plant usage quantity is 8 kilograms		With the contrast ratio underproduction 20.2%
Handle two	Five the age red fuji apple fruit tree	The individual plant usage quantity is 8 kilograms		With contrast ratio volume increase 17.5%	Contrast	Five the age red fuji apple fruit tree	The individual plant usage quantity is 7 kilograms	Use back 110 days (July 10), not flavescence of blade; To not flavescence of blade on 150 days (August 20).	Is 126 kilograms to surveying product on October 10 then for single plant yield.

Claims

[claim 1] a kind of method of making fertilizer comprises the step of following order:

(1) tankage such as offal, offal (cigarette factory produces the waste material of cigarette) are pulverized back 15-20%, 45-50% mixes with feces of livestock and poultry (ight soil of chicken, pig, duck etc.).

(2) with the bacillus acidocldarius 0.08-0.1% in the aerobic fermentation bacterium, trace element fertilizer 0.5-0.8%, the plant straw powder that crushes of urea 0.1-0.2% and 30-35% (peanut hull meal, powdered rice hulls etc.) uniform mixing.

More than proportioning raw materials in the step of (1) (2) all are weight ratios.

(3) with step 1 and step 2 difference gains uniform mixing.

(4) step 3 gains are added entry, the water content that makes reaches 45-50%, adjusts potential of hydrogen simultaneously at 5.5-6.5.

(5) with step 4 gains in temperature is higher than 20 ℃ environment, fermented 10-15 days, turning 5-6 time, airing to water content is lower than 20% again.
Tankage such as the described offal of [claim 2] step (1), offal are after offal, offal airing that the proterties of will collect differs are done, to pulverize gains with crusher.
The method of [claim 3] manufacturing fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned plant straw powder (peanut hull meal, powdered rice hulls etc.) can be by one or more mixture replacing.
The method of [claim 4] manufacturing fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, step (1) gains are pulverized back length and are not more than 0.5 centimetre.
The method of [claim 5] manufacturing fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described trace element of step (2) mainly is zinc sulfate, borax and ferrous sulfate.
The method of [claim 6] manufacturing fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described being mixed into of step (3) put into mixing machine with its uniform mixing.