CN104876752A - Preparation method of special insecticide-fertilizer for cauliflowers - Google Patents
Preparation method of special insecticide-fertilizer for cauliflowers Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for a special insecticide-fertilizer on cauliflowers, which comprises the following steps of firstly, inoculating thermophilic sporotrichum and aspergillus niger to prepare a cow-sheep manure mixed fermented feed; secondly, inoculating bacillus megatherium and bacillus subtilis to prepare a corn-wheat straw fermented feed; thirdly, preparing a plant-based pesticide containing the skin of Chinese yam, derris root and tobacco powders; fourthly, uniformly mixing the cow-sheep manure mixed fermented feed with the corn-wheat straw fermented feed, then adding and mixing the plant-based pesticide with the obtained mixture for later air-drying, smashing, and sealed storage operations. According to the invention, the organic fertilizer and the plant-based pesticide are effectively joined together, so that the occurrence of diseases during the planting process of cauliflowers is reduced. Meanwhile, the quality and the yield of cauliflowers are improved. The preparation method is quite significant in plantation economic benefit and ecological benefit, thus having a large social development and application value.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to agricultural fertilizer field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method adding the biological organic fertilizer of insecticide ingredient, be specially a kind of preparation method of Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer.
Background technology:
Cauliflower (Brassia oleraceavar.botrytis L.), also known as cauliflower, cauliflower or cauliflower, is a kind of brassicaceous vegetable, is the mutation of wild cabbage.The head of Cauliflower is white inflorescence, similar with the head of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae.Cauliflower rich vitamin B group, C group, easy decomposes and running off, so the unsuitable high-temperature cooking of Cauliflower, is also not suitable for poach.Former Mediterranean, the bouquet that its product organ is pure white, cripetura, fertile tender bud, spray, floral axis etc. is polymerized, be that a kind of crude fiber content is few, quality is fresh and tender, nutritious, and local flavor is delicious, the vegetables of people's eating.Often edible can heat-clearing quench one's thirst, diuresis defaecation, to prevention kinds cancer, there is positive effect simultaneously.Nowadays, Cauliflower is listed in the anticancer recipe among people's ordinary meal by various countries nutritionist, and become one of vegetables that people like, planting range expands gradually, cultivated area increases year by year.
Cauliflower Major Pests has cabbage caterpillar, small cabbage moth, aphid, beet armyworm etc., and the prevention and controls adopted for these insect pests is at present generally pesticide application, putting prevention first and combining prevention with control.
The prevention and controls of cabbage caterpillar: the 1. egg hatching phase of containing selects Bt emulsion 200 times of liquid, or 5% presses down the 2500 times of liquid sprayings of hooligan's missible oil, 2. larva 2 selected 2.5% time missible oil, 5000 times of liquid before age, or 10% Uranus missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, or the 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 50% octyl sulfate missible oil.
The prevention and controls of small cabbage moth: egg hatching contains the phase with 5% Frontline suspension agent every mu of 17-34 milliliter, and add water 50-75 liter, or 5% presses down hooligan's missible oil 2000 times of liquid, or with 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3000 times of liquid before larva 2 age, or Bt emulsion 200 times of liquid are sprayed.Above medicament is wanted rotation, is used alternatingly.
The prevention and controls of aphid: keep away aphid mist wettable powder 2000-3000 times of liquid or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1500 times of liquid with 50%, spray 1 time in 6-7 days, connects spray 2-3 time.Appropriate spreader-sticker can be added during medication.
The prevention and controls of beet armyworm: the egg hatching phase of containing presses down hooligan's missible oil 2500-3000 times of liquid with 5%, denapon suspension agent 1500 times of liquid are drawn with 37.5%, or with the 1000 times of liquid sprayings of the happy missible oil of 52.25% farmland before larva 3 age, fine day medication at dusk, the cloudy day can whole day medication.
Chinese invention patent CN102060629A relates to a kind of special medicated fertilizer for potatoes and preparation method thereof, described medicine fertilizer in fertilizer, is mixed into agricultural chemicals make, the formula of described agricultural chemicals consists of: 2% kasugamycin wettable powder, DT wettable powder, 50% Phoxim emulsion and Chlorpyrifos 94 emulsion, and the mass fraction of each composition is 2% kasugamycin wettable powder 25-35 part, DT wettable powder 25-35 part, 50% Phoxim emulsion 15-25 part and Chlorpyrifos 94 emulsion 15-25 part.By fertilizer and agricultural chemicals are organically combined, use more for convenience.The underground disease and pests such as potato Black Rotten and cutworm can be prevented and treated significantly, effectively improve the commodity of potato seedling rate and potato, but the present invention does not have singularity for Cauliflower growth, be unfavorable for the growth demand of Cauliflower, inorganic and organic pesticide composition is added in this invention simultaneously, be unfavorable for the improvement of soil quality, certain disadvantageous effect is caused to ecotope.
Chinese invention patent CN101817707A discloses a kind of bioorganic pesticide fertilizer and production method thereof, this bioorganic pesticide fertilizer is the agricultural crop straw or fermentation bed for pig raising bedding and padding that are become thoroughly decomposed by 70-80%, 5-10% medical stone, 15-25% inorganic composite mixed fertilizer, the mix products of gained after effective microbe fermentation, after fermentation, effective microbe quantity is 2-3 × 108CFU/g.After the agricultural crop straw become thoroughly decomposed or fermentation bed for pig raising bedding and padding are mixed with medical stone, first add the inorganic composite mixed fertilizer of 5-10%, then add effective microbial strains to ferment at normal temperatures, finally the inorganic composite mixed fertilizer of remaining 10-15% added in above-mentioned fermented product and get final product.The bioorganic pesticide fertilizer that this inventive method is produced can improve the output of crop, good prevention effect can be played to cress disease, the nitrate content in brassicaceous vegetable can also be reduced, oil recovery enhancement, in process of producing product, agricultural wastes are transformed further, this invention biological organic fertilizer produces good antibacterial resistant effect mainly through effective flora to Cruciferae fabric, and the disease produced for the insect pest such as cabbageworm, aphid does not have good preventive and therapeutic effect.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is directed to prior art Problems existing, a kind of preparation method of Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer is provided, fertilizer and plant insecticide composition are effectively combined, reduce the generation of disease in Cauliflower planting process, improve quality and the output of Cauliflower, the economic benefit of plantation and ecological benefits are all very remarkable.
The invention provides following technical scheme:
A preparation method for Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
The first step: inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould prepares cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material;
Second step: inoculation bacillus megaterium and subtilis prepare maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material;
3rd step: the vegetable source pesticide preparation of preparation containing yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder;
4th step: cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed after adding vegetable source pesticide preparation again after mixing with wheat stalk fermentation material, air-dry pulverizing, sealing is preserved.
Preferably, in the described the first step, the preparation process of cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material is:
Mixed by fresh cattle and sheep ight soil, adjustment moisture content is 65-70%, inoculates thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, inoculum size is 0.2% and 0.4%, fermentation time is 10-12 days, and in fermenting process, every 3-4 days stirrings once, obtains cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material after having fermented.
Preferably, the preparation process of described second step maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material is:
Maize straw and wheat stalk are shone dry blending, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, water C/N ratio is regulated to be 35:1 with urea after sieving, moisture content is 70%, bacillus megaterium and subtilis is inoculated after adjustment completes, inoculum size is 4% and 5%, at 70 DEG C of temperature condition bottom fermentation 14-15 days after inoculation, and obtained maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material.
Preferably, the preparation process of described 3rd step vegetable source pesticide preparation is:
Yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder, celastrus angulatus, Fructus Cnidii are pulverized according to after the ratio mixing of weight ratio 2:1:12:1:3, makes vegetable source pesticide preparation.
Preferably, in described 4th step, cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed according to weight ratio 2:1 with wheat stalk fermentation material, then add the vegetable source pesticide preparation of mixture weight 5-8%, continue to mix.
Preferably, in described 4th step, air-dry is 15-18% to moisture content, pulverizes 40 mesh sieves, and pack sealing is preserved.
Preferably, described interpolation is thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, bacillus megaterium, subtilis all with living bacteria count gauge, number of viable >=500,000,000/gram.
The feature of biological organic fertilizer: 1 improves chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, and biological organic fertilizer has the effects such as fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, greatly can improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer.2 improvement soil, increase soil fertility, in biological organic fertilizer, not only organic component content enriches, in addition also containing be conducive to edatope improve probiotics.After soil application biological organic fertilizer, add the content of the nutritive substances such as the organic matter of soil, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium to a great extent, phosphorus decomposing in fertilizer, potassium solubilizing bacteria play its phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing effect in soil, phosphoric in soil and potassium element are discharged, adds the available content of mineral substances of plant in soil.On the other hand, because biological organic fertilizer is applied in soil, add the organic content in soil, make that soil becomes loose, nutrient laden, the original flora lived in soil obtains amount reproduction, thus ensure that the micro-ecological environment of soil.3 alleviate environmental pollution, and according to statistics, have 1.4 hundred million tons to be burned in the agricultural crop straw of more than 600,000,000 ton that China produces every year, the burning of stalk not only causes the waste of organic substance, also creates atmospheric pollution.These discarded stalks are used and are fermented into biological organic fertilizer, huge economic benefit and the protection of air will be produced to agricultural.Use biological organic fertilizer can improve soil quality and soil microenvironment.4 improve crop quality, and the multiple nutritional components that biological organic fertilizer is rich in imparts the special fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer, proves after deliberation, and biological organic fertilizer can improve color and luster, the quality such as mouthfeel and growth vigor of crop.5 alleviate crop pests, and one is the bacteriostatic action of biological organic fertilizer self, and two is effect of biological organic fertilizer on crops growth, antibacterial, disease-resistant promoter action.
Chinese yam is also known as Chinese yam, native potato, mountain Chinese yam, RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China, Huai Shan, white Chinese yam, and be the herbal medicine that " China's book on Chinese herbal medicine " records, medicinal source is Dioscoreaceae plant Chinese yam dry rhizome.Winter, cauline leaf was excavated after withering, and cut root head, cleaned, removing crust and fibrous root, drying after smoked with Sulfur, also have and select loose straight dry Chinese yam, put in clear water, be dipped into without the dry heart, vexed, after smoked with Sulfur, trim two ends, be twisted into plank cylindric, dry, polishing, claim " light yam ".Yam skin is at Chinese yam manufacture field as offal treatment, and in fact containing abundant effective constituent, yam skin is collected dry rear broken by the present invention, as the main component of plant insecticide.
Trifoliate jewelvine, belongs to pulse family vine, climbing shrub, all only bald.Odd number pinnately compound leaf.The life of raceme armpit or side are born on old branch; Anthocaulus consor, is slightly longer than calyx; Calyx is bell; Corolla butterfly, pink.Pod is flat and thin, tiltedly avette or square is circular.August at florescence.Really September phase.Its root is containing insecticide active substance---tubatoxin and analogue.Insecticidal rotenone spectrum is wide, and can prevent and treat 800 various pests, be one of three great tradition pesticide plants.
Nicotiana tubiform floret order, the annual or limited per nnial herb of Solanaceae, base portion is lignifying slightly.Inflorescence top is raw, coniform, spends more; Capsule ovum shape or square round shape, be about and equal persistent calyx.Summer and autumn yields positive results.Tobacco is used for furuncle swelling toxin, favus of the scalp, tinea alba, the favus of the scalp, venomous snake bite.Water-snail eradication, mosquito, fly, mouse.Tobacco enterprise tobacco powder disintegrating slag is utilized and makes full use of, as one of plant insecticide principle active component.
Celastrus angulatus is vegitabilia's Celastrales (Celastrales) Celastrus (Celastrus), and Latin kind is called its bark fiber of Celastrus angulaytus Maxim. and supplies papermaking and do artificial cotton raw material; Pericarp and kind benevolence contain grease, for technical oils; Root skin and stem skin are chlordane.
Fructus Cnidii is the dry mature fruit of samphire cnidium monnieri Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss..There is eliminating dampness dispel the wind, effect of killing parasites to relieve itching.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. fertilizer and plant insecticide composition effectively combine by the inventive method, reduce the generation of disease in Cauliflower planting process, reduce the use of organic pesticide, and for Cauliflower growth, there is good single-minded wholesomeness, improve quality and the output of Cauliflower, the economic benefit of plantation and ecological benefits all have great raising compared with ordinary student organic fertilizer or common chemical fertilizer and Pesticidal products, have larger society generalization using value.
2. containing multiple effective microbe in the fermentation raw material that the inventive method is obtained, retain the good function characteristic that general fertilizer has, Cauliflower strain absorbing nutritive element can be promoted, tangerine resists the pathogenic effects of some pathogenic micro-organism to alleviate disease and pest in Cauliflower planting process, improve plantation quality and output, improve economy and zoology benifit.
3. the present invention adopts the mode of fermenting respectively, mixing respectively, decreases plant insecticide to beneficial microorganism restraining effect in biological organic fertilizer raw material, improves the effect preparing Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer.
Embodiment:
Be described in detail embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on invention technical scheme, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.The experimental program of unreceipted actual conditions in embodiment, the condition that conveniently condition or manufacturers advise usually is implemented.
Embodiment one
A preparation method for Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
The first step: inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould prepares cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material:
Fresh cattle and sheep ight soil is mixed, regulates moisture content to be 65%, inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, inoculum size is 0.2% and 0.4%, fermentation time is 10 days, and in fermenting process, every 3 days stirrings once, obtains cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material after having fermented.
Second step: inoculation bacillus megaterium and subtilis prepare maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material:
Maize straw and wheat stalk are shone dry blending, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, water C/N ratio is regulated to be 35:1 with urea after sieving, moisture content is 70%, bacillus megaterium and subtilis is inoculated after adjustment completes, inoculum size is 4% and 5%, 70 DEG C of temperature condition bottom fermentations 14 days after inoculation, and obtained maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material.
3rd step: the vegetable source pesticide preparation of preparation containing yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder:
Yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder, celastrus angulatus, Fructus Cnidii are pulverized according to after the ratio mixing of weight ratio 2:1:12:1:3, makes vegetable source pesticide preparation.
4th step: cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed after adding vegetable source pesticide preparation again after mixing with wheat stalk fermentation material, air-dry pulverizing, sealing is preserved:
Cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed according to weight ratio 2:1 with wheat stalk fermentation material, add the vegetable source pesticide preparation of mixture weight 5% again, continue to mix, air-dry to moisture content be 15%, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, pack sealing is preserved.
Embodiment two
A preparation method for Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
The first step: inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould prepares cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material:
Fresh cattle and sheep ight soil is mixed, regulates moisture content to be 70%, inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, inoculum size is 0.2% and 0.4%, fermentation time is 12 days, and in fermenting process, every 4 days stirrings once, obtains cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material after having fermented.
Second step: inoculation bacillus megaterium and subtilis prepare maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material:
Maize straw and wheat stalk are shone dry blending, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, water C/N ratio is regulated to be 35:1 with urea after sieving, moisture content is 70%, bacillus megaterium and subtilis is inoculated after adjustment completes, inoculum size is 4% and 5%, 70 DEG C of temperature condition bottom fermentations 15 days after inoculation, and obtained maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material.
3rd step: the vegetable source pesticide preparation of preparation containing yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder:
Yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder, celastrus angulatus, Fructus Cnidii are pulverized according to after the ratio mixing of weight ratio 2:1:12:1:3, makes vegetable source pesticide preparation.
4th step: cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed after adding vegetable source pesticide preparation again after mixing with wheat stalk fermentation material, air-dry pulverizing, sealing is preserved:
Cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed according to weight ratio 2:1 with wheat stalk fermentation material, add the vegetable source pesticide preparation of mixture weight 8% again, continue to mix, air-dry to moisture content be 18%, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, pack sealing is preserved.
Embodiment three
A preparation method for Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
The first step: inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould prepares cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material:
Mixed by fresh cattle and sheep ight soil, adjustment moisture content is 65-70%, inoculates thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, inoculum size is 0.2% and 0.4%, fermentation time is 11 days, and in fermenting process, every 3 days stirrings once, obtains cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material after having fermented.
Second step: inoculation bacillus megaterium and subtilis prepare maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material:
Maize straw and wheat stalk are shone dry blending, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, water C/N ratio is regulated to be 35:1 with urea after sieving, moisture content is 70%, bacillus megaterium and subtilis is inoculated after adjustment completes, inoculum size is 4% and 5%, 70 DEG C of temperature condition bottom fermentations 14 days after inoculation, and obtained maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material.
3rd step: the vegetable source pesticide preparation of preparation containing yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder:
Yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder, celastrus angulatus, Fructus Cnidii are pulverized according to after the ratio mixing of weight ratio 2:1:12:1:3, makes vegetable source pesticide preparation.
4th step: cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed after adding vegetable source pesticide preparation again after mixing with wheat stalk fermentation material, air-dry pulverizing, sealing is preserved:
Cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed according to weight ratio 2:1 with wheat stalk fermentation material, add the vegetable source pesticide preparation of mixture weight 7% again, continue to mix, air-dry to moisture content be 16%, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, pack sealing is preserved.
Embodiment four
A preparation method for Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
The first step: inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould prepares cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material:
Fresh cattle and sheep ight soil is mixed, regulates moisture content to be 68%, inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, inoculum size is 0.2% and 0.4%, fermentation time is 11 days, and in fermenting process, every 4 days stirrings once, obtains cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material after having fermented.
Second step: inoculation bacillus megaterium and subtilis prepare maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material:
Maize straw and wheat stalk are shone dry blending, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, water C/N ratio is regulated to be 35:1 with urea after sieving, moisture content is 70%, bacillus megaterium and subtilis is inoculated after adjustment completes, inoculum size is 4% and 5%, 70 DEG C of temperature condition bottom fermentations 14 days after inoculation, and obtained maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material.
3rd step: the vegetable source pesticide preparation of preparation containing yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder:
Yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder, celastrus angulatus, Fructus Cnidii are pulverized according to after the ratio mixing of weight ratio 2:1:12:1:3, makes vegetable source pesticide preparation.
4th step: cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed after adding vegetable source pesticide preparation again after mixing with wheat stalk fermentation material, air-dry pulverizing, sealing is preserved:
Cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed according to weight ratio 2:1 with wheat stalk fermentation material, add the vegetable source pesticide preparation of mixture weight 7% again, continue to mix, air-dry to moisture content be 16%, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, pack sealing is preserved.
Thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, bacillus megaterium, subtilis is added all with living bacteria count gauge described in embodiment one to four, number of viable >=500,000,000/gram.Use according to described specification sheets using method after purchase, addition is converted into living bacteria count amount to be added, bacillus megaterium number of viable >=1,000,000,000 such as bought/gram, then its addition is the half of requirement number of viable >=500,000,000/gram weight calculated.
Planting experiment one
Tested in March September to next year, carry out on Shanghai Chongming island, be marine solonchak for examination soil, soil physical chemistry matter index is in table one.
Be divided into 18 fritters for examination soil, every three pieces divide one group at random, are divided into six groups, use the Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer that preparation method described in embodiment one to four prepares respectively, and be denoted as treatment group one to four group, amount of application is 40kg/ mu; Use the Cauliflower applicable biological fertilizer that market is bought for remaining one piece, be denoted as control group one, last block uses the bio-feritlizer that control group one is used, using method and usage quantity consistent with control group one, and spray Chlorfenapyr 5% microemulsion (permit and send out chemical industry (upper every) company limited), amount of application and using method, according to purchase specification sheets, are denoted as control group two.
Varieties of plant is the 160 days Cauliflowers in Chongming, belongs to Mid-late ripening and to survive the winter cauliflower variety.Cauliflower is provided by Modern Agricultural Park, Chongming.
Control group two is in the Cauliflower rosette state, diamond-back moth 1 to 2 sprays Chlorfenapyr 5% microemulsion the length of time, treatment group and control group one do not do the process of any spray medicine, and within after dispenser 1,3 day, investigate the borer population alive such as control group two cabbage caterpillar, small cabbage moth, aphid, beet armyworm, investigation is taked to fix a point to determine strain.Investigation 20 strain is fixed by every group worm strain, and record is borer population alive all, and duration of test weather conditions are good, and statistics is in table two.The sickness rate of Yield of Cauliflower and Cauliflower Black Rotten after statistics results, black spot, soft rot and insect pest, statistics is in table three.
Table one: planting experiment one soil basic physics and chemistry matter index
Described data are expressed in the mode of mean number ± variance.
Table two: l after the dispenser of Cauliflower rosette state, insecticidal effect after 3 days
Described data are expressed in the mode of mean number ± variance.
Table three: Yield of Cauliflower and disease sickness rate
| Planting experiment one | Output (thousand grams/acre) | Sickness rate (%) |
| Treatment group one | 2362.14±189.63 | 2.01±0.36 |
| Treatment group two | 2336.47±207.95 | 3.22±0.87 |
| Treatment group three | 2218.95±224.52 | 2.78±0.64 |
| Treatment group four | 2318.77±247.97 | 3.36±1.21 |
| Control group one | 1528.53±304.47 | 22.35±0.74 |
| Control group two | 1987.24±314.27 | 3.69±1.11 |
Described data are expressed in the mode of mean number ± variance.
Planting experiment two
Carry out in Hefei ,Anhui, be another name for Sichuan Province loess for examination soil, soil labile organic matter is in table four.
Be divided into 18 fritters for examination soil, every three pieces divide one group at random, are divided into six groups, use the Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer that preparation method described in embodiment one to four prepares respectively, and be denoted as treatment group one to four group, amount of application is 40kg/ mu; Use the Cauliflower applicable biological fertilizer that market is bought for one piece, be denoted as control group one, last block uses the bio-feritlizer that control group one is used, using method and usage quantity consistent with control group one, and spray emamectin-benzoate 2.2% microemulsion, amount of application and using method, according to purchase specification sheets, are denoted as control group two.
Examination experimental cultivar is supplied to be 120 days Cauliflowers, outdoor cropping.Planting density is 60,000 strain/hm
2.
Control group two is in the Cauliflower rosette state, diamond-back moth 1 to 2 sprays emamectin-benzoate 2.2% microemulsion the length of time, treatment group and control group one do not do the process of any spray medicine, within after dispenser 1,3 day, investigate the borer population alive such as control group two cabbage caterpillar, small cabbage moth, aphid, beet armyworm, investigation is taked to fix a point to determine strain.Investigation 20 strain is fixed by every group worm strain, and record is borer population alive all, and duration of test weather conditions are good, and statistics is in table five.The sickness rate of Yield of Cauliflower and Cauliflower Black Rotten, black spot, soft rot and insect pest disease after statistics results, statistics is in table six.
Table four: planting experiment two soil basic physics and chemistry matter index
State data to express in the mode of mean number ± variance
Table five: l after the dispenser of Cauliflower rosette state, insecticidal effect after 3 days
Described data are expressed in the mode of mean number ± variance.
Table six: Yield of Cauliflower and disease sickness rate
| Planting experiment two | Output (thousand grams/acre) | Sickness rate (%) |
| Treatment group one | 2547.69±211.46 | 5.62±0.62 |
| Treatment group two | 2356.98±246.85 | 4.57±1.21 |
| Treatment group three | 2407.18±364.10 | 3.19±0.68 |
| Treatment group four | 2428.25±248.51 | 3.61±1.05 |
| Control group one | 1479.36±203.18 | 25.47±3.69 |
| Control group two | 2157.38±362.14 | 6.39±1.25 |
Described data are expressed in the mode of mean number ± variance.
According to above-mentioned planting experiment statistic data, we can find out, use the Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer that the inventive method prepares, most disease in Cauliflower plantation can be reduced, good prophylactic effect is produced for disease, its disease sickness rate is suitable with the effect using insect protected agricultural chemicals on the market, its application decreases the use of agricultural chemicals, improves economy and zoology benifit.The medicine fertilizer that the inventive method prepares simultaneously can also improve the output of Cauliflower, and as biological organic fertilizer, can also improve soil quality, have good Agro-ecology agricultural performance, should be widely promoted application.
Above content is only better embodiment of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method for Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step: inoculate thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould prepares cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material;
Second step: inoculation bacillus megaterium and subtilis prepare maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material;
3rd step: the vegetable source pesticide preparation of preparation containing yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder;
4th step: cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed after adding vegetable source pesticide preparation again after mixing with wheat stalk fermentation material, air-dry pulverizing, sealing is preserved.
2. the preparation method of a kind of Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the described the first step, the preparation process of cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material is:
Mixed by fresh cattle and sheep ight soil, adjustment moisture content is 65-70%, inoculates thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, inoculum size is 0.2% and 0.4%, fermentation time is 10-12 days, and in fermenting process, every 3-4 days stirrings once, obtains cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material after having fermented.
3. the preparation method of a kind of Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the preparation process of described second step maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material is:
Maize straw and wheat stalk are shone dry blending, pulverized 40 mesh sieves, C/N is regulated to be 35:1 with urea after sieving, moisture content is 70%, bacillus megaterium and subtilis is inoculated after adjustment completes, inoculum size is 4% and 5%, at 70 DEG C of temperature condition bottom fermentation 14-15 days after inoculation, and obtained maize straw and wheat stalk fermentation material.
4. the preparation method of a kind of Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the preparation process of described 3rd step vegetable source pesticide preparation is:
Yam skin, derris root, tobacco powder, celastrus angulatus, Fructus Cnidii are pulverized according to after the ratio mixing of weight ratio 2:1:12:1:3, makes vegetable source pesticide preparation.
5. the preparation method of a kind of Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described 4th step, cattle and sheep excrement mixed fermentation material, maize straw are mixed according to weight ratio 2:1 with wheat stalk fermentation material, add the vegetable source pesticide preparation of mixture weight 5-8% again, continue to mix.
6. the preparation method of a kind of Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described 4th step, and air-dry is 15-18% to moisture content, pulverizes 40 mesh sieves, and pack sealing is preserved.
7. the preparation method of a kind of Cauliflower special medicated fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described interpolation is thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, black-koji mould, bacillus megaterium, subtilis all with living bacteria count gauge, number of viable >=500,000,000/gram.
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| CN107417335A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-01 | 佛山市三水区嘉华化学研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of biological compound fertilizer for improving cauliflower quality |
| CN108101609A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-01 | 普安县红星村裕丰农果蔬种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of broccoli plantation fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115259911A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 甘肃农业大学 | Planting and breeding waste compost suitable for high-quality production of open-field cabbages and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150902 |