Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing mulberry tree and builds the shortcoming that the garden exists, and provides that a kind of cost is low, the cycle is short, survival rate is high, the summer mulberry garden-building new method of cost-saving synergistic.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method of summer mulberry garden-building may further comprise the steps:
(1) the grow directly from seeds root system of mulberry sapling is handled
To grow directly from seeds that the mulberry sapling root system washes down mid-February, be immersed in the special-purpose root-inducing powder aqueous solution of mulberry tree 5~8 hours behind the airing, and take out and dried in the shade 1~3 day;
(2) the mulberry sapling grafting of growing directly from seeds
The mulberry sapling of growing directly from seeds behind the dipping is carried out grafting, and the graft height after the mulberry sapling grafting of growing directly from seeds is 10~15cm, and graft comprises stock and the grafting scion at the stock top;
(3) to graft preservative treatment and hotbed protection
After the grafting graft stock Lower Half is immersed in the anticorrosion aqueous solution 10~20 minutes, when heeling in earlier with graft with dried fine earth from bottom to top hilling until the scion top, spread the thick antiseptin of one deck 0.1~0.5cm again at the scion top, on anticorrosion bisque, spread the thick dried fine earth of one deck 1~3cm then, the tiling layer of plastic film forms the hotbed protection on dried fine earth at last, around hotbed, have the drain ditch, temperature remains on 15 ℃~25 ℃ in the hotbed, and graft takes out after 10~20 days through the hotbed protection;
(4) graft is made nutrient soil ball
Get composite fertilizer, silkworm excrement, clayey soil, anticorrosion aqueous solution and fully stir into nutrition soil, form spherical nutrient soil ball at the stock middle and lower part of graft circumferential wrap nutrition soil, the diameter of nutrient soil ball is greater than 3cm and smaller or equal to 5cm;
(5) graft is grown seedlings
At the end of two months or the beginning of March will be enclosed with the graft seed covering of nutrient soil ball in the nursery, and the following 2~4cm in the liftoff surface, scion top that makes graft, the seed covering seeding row spacing of graft is (8~10) cm * (13~16) cm, treat that mulberry bud in the scion of graft survives the back and is unearthed 10~15cm when high, take to pluck the measure of core bifurcated and graft is cultivated become to have the little mulberry sapling of 2~4 branches in the nursery, to grow;
(6) mulberry sapling field planting
At the bottom of May or the beginning of June treat to turn over immediately after ripe field crops moves the field, have the planting furrow of some 30 * 30cm, irritate sufficient water again after in planting furrow, using sufficient fertilizer, the little mulberry sapling of having cultivated that has nutrient soil ball pruned away, and field planting is in planting furrow behind the mulberry leaf at mulberry sapling top 40~55%, and the field planting seeding row spacing is (133~165) cm * (40~50) cm; Seven, plucked core, weeding, topdress, control scolite reason through benefit in 8 two months, little mulberry sapling is cultivated the mulberry tree that becomes to have 2-4 root branch and the long 150~170cm of branch.
Further, the special-purpose root-inducing powder aqueous solution of described mulberry tree comprises the special-purpose root-inducing powder of mulberry tree, alcohol, pure water, and its weight ratio is 1: (220~280): (4200~5300);
Described anticorrosion aqueous solution comprises carbendazim powder or thiophanate methyl powder and pure water, and its weight ratio is 1: (400~600);
The weight ratio of composite fertilizer, silkworm excrement, clayey soil, anticorrosion aqueous solution is 1 in the described nutrient soil ball: (8~16): (84~92): (20~30);
Summer mulberry garden-building new technology of the present invention adopts the special-purpose root-inducing powder of mulberry tree that the mulberry sapling root system that grows directly from seeds is soaked root and handles, and can promote the formation and the differentiation of callus, increases the root of hair ability of fibrous root, strengthens the absorption of nutriment, promotes the growth of mulberry sapling; The employing anticorrosion aqueous solution is to graft stock Lower Half dipping and adopt the preservative treatment of antiseptin to graft scion top, significantly reduced that under hot and humid environment root system rots and the phenomenon of the mashed bud of scion, and by graft being carried out the hotbed protection, further promote the growth of graft, improve the healing rate and the growth progress of graft; Adopting nutrition soil to be processed into nutrient soil ball coats graft stock middle and lower part, mulberry sapling is after transplanting by measures such as big flood transplantings summer, can absorb adequate moisture from native ball, the moisture content transpiration, root system damage and the mulberry leaf that reduce in the mulberry sapling transplanting wither, and guarantee that survival rate is more than 90%; And from nutrient soil ball, directly absorb nutrient and somatotropin such as nitrogen that growing of mulberry needs, phosphorus, potassium, accelerated the growth rate of mulberry sapling; And pluck output and the sericulture benefit that measures such as core bifurcated have improved mulberry leaf by the mulberry bud.The present invention adopts spring grafting to cultivate, transplant the method that Tanaka builds the garden summer, time is short, cost is low, instant effect, go into operation then and take effect then, increased growth area and the output of interrow crop, this method is easy and simple to handle, the survival rate height, risk is little, abridged edition increases income, and economic benefit is obvious, is worth generally promoting.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, i.e. preferred forms
A kind of method of summer mulberry garden-building comprises the steps:
1, the grow directly from seeds root system of mulberry sapling is handled
To grow directly from seeds at first in first three sky of grafting that the mulberry sapling root system washes down mid-February, behind the airing, add entry 4750g after getting the abundant stirring and dissolving of alcohol 250g of the special-purpose root-inducing powder of 1g mulberry tree with content 95%, being made into concentration is the special-purpose root-inducing powder aqueous solution of mulberry tree of 200ppm, the mulberry sapling root system that will grow directly from seeds again was soaked in the special-purpose root-inducing powder aqueous solution of mulberry tree 7 hours, taking-up was dried in the shade 2 days, and the Main Ingredients and Appearance of the special-purpose root-inducing powder of mulberry tree is the composition of methyl or heteroauxin or two kinds;
2, the mulberry sapling grafting of growing directly from seeds
The mulberry sapling of growing directly from seeds after utilizing mid-February conventional method to dipping is organized grafting, is that the top grafting at the mulberry sapling stock that grows directly from seeds has scion to form mulberry graft body, and per 25 strain graft bundles are become a bundle, has pruned root system, and the height of controlling graft is 12cm;
3, to graft preservative treatment and hotbed protection
After the grafting graft stock Lower Half is immersed in the carbendazim anticorrosion aqueous solution 15 minutes, carbendazim powder 1g, pure water 500g in the anticorrosion aqueous solution; When heeling in, earlier with graft with dried fine earth from bottom to top hilling until the scion top, spread the thick antiseptin of one deck 0.3cm again at the scion top and on this layer, add the thick dried fine earth of lid layer 2cm, antiseptin is the composition of carbendazim powder or thiophanate methyl powder or two kinds, and the tiling layer of plastic film forms the hotbed protection on dried fine earth at last; To hold the drain ditch around the hotbed successfully, temperature remains on 20 ℃ in the hotbed, can add lid layer sunshade net when temperature surpasses 25 ℃, and graft takes out to be processed nutrient soil ball with graft through the hotbed protection when mulberry bud develops into magpie mouth shape after 12 days;
4, graft is made nutrient soil ball
Get composite fertilizer 1kg, silkworm excrement 12kg, clayey soil 87kg fully stirs into mixture, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio is 5.4: 3.0: 2.7 in the mixture, in mixture, add the carbendazim anticorrosion aqueous solution that accounts for mixture weight 25% and fully stir into nutrition soil, make the nutrient soil ball of diameter 4cm in the stock middle and lower part of graft ring week;
5, graft is grown seedlings
At the end of two months or the beginning of March will be manufactured with the graft seed covering of nutrient soil ball in the nursery, and make the following 3cm in liftoff surface, scion top of graft, the seed covering seeding row spacing of graft is 9cm * 14cm, treat that mulberry bud in the scion of graft survives the 13cm that is unearthed when high, take to pluck the measure of core bifurcated and graft is cultivated become to have the little mulberry sapling of 2~4 branches in the nursery, to grow;
6, mulberry sapling field planting
At the bottom of May or the beginning of June treat to turn over immediately after ripe field crops moves the field, have the planting furrow of some 30 * 30cm, irritate sufficient water again after in planting furrow, using sufficient fertilizer, the little mulberry sapling of having cultivated that has nutrient soil ball is pruned away behind the mulberry leaf at mulberry sapling top 50%, field planting is in planting furrow, utilize overcast and rainy field planting better effects if, the field planting seeding row spacing is 150cm * 45cm, if the nutrient soil ball fragmentation of little mulberry sapling, just can plant after need processing nutrient soil ball again, mulberry sapling constantly absorbs nutrient and moisture by nutrient soil ball, need not fertilising in the first quarter moon, thereby guarantee the mulberry sapling survival rate more than 90%, the mulberry sapling survival rate of transplanting with nutrient soil ball is below 30%;
7, management
Seven, emphasis is carried out to mend and is plucked core, weeding, topdresses, controls work such as worm eight the bimester, little mulberry sapling is cultivated the mulberry tree that becomes to have 2-4 root branch and the long 150~170cm of branch, promptly form the high yield mulberry field, picking leaves in the last ten-days period in September is bred silkworms, the mulberry leaf about 750 kilograms can be produced in every mu of mulberry field then, can produce the mulberry leaf more than 2250 kilograms in 1 year, and reach the high yield mulberry field index of going into operation in the mulberry field of growing up.
This method easy operating has been broken through the restriction that traditional phase in spring mulberry tree is built the garden, has originality, and production has higher utility to silkworm and mulberry.
Embodiment two
A kind of method of summer mulberry garden-building comprises the steps:
1, the grow directly from seeds root system of mulberry sapling is handled
To grow directly from seeds at first in first three sky of grafting that the mulberry sapling root system washes down mid-February, behind the airing, add entry 4720g after getting the abundant stirring and dissolving of alcohol 280g of the special-purpose root-inducing powder of 1g mulberry tree with content 95%, being made into concentration is the special-purpose root-inducing powder aqueous solution of mulberry tree of 200ppm, the mulberry sapling root system that will grow directly from seeds again was soaked in the special-purpose root-inducing powder aqueous solution of mulberry tree after 6 hours, taking-up was dried in the shade 1 day, and the Main Ingredients and Appearance of the special-purpose root-inducing powder of mulberry tree is the composition of methyl or heteroauxin or two kinds;
2, the mulberry sapling grafting of growing directly from seeds
The mulberry sapling of growing directly from seeds after utilizing mid-February conventional method to dipping is organized grafting, is that the top grafting at the mulberry sapling stock that grows directly from seeds has scion to form mulberry graft body, and per 20 strain graft bundles are become a bundle, has pruned root system, and the height of controlling graft is 15cm;
3, to graft preservative treatment and hotbed protection
After the grafting graft stock Lower Half is immersed in the carbendazim anticorrosion aqueous solution 10 minutes, carbendazim powder 1g, pure water 400g in the anticorrosion aqueous solution; When heeling in, earlier with graft with dried fine earth from bottom to top hilling until the scion top, spread the thick antiseptin of one deck 0.4cm again at the scion top and on this layer, add the thick dried fine earth of lid layer 3cm, antiseptin is one or both compositions in carbendazim powder or the thiophanate methyl powder, and the tiling layer of plastic film forms the hotbed protection on dried fine earth at last; To hold the drain ditch around the hotbed successfully, temperature remains on 15 ℃ in the hotbed, can add lid layer sunshade net when temperature surpasses 25 ℃, and graft takes out to be processed nutrient soil ball with graft through the hotbed protection when mulberry bud develops into magpie mouth shape after 20 days;
4, graft is made nutrient soil ball
Get composite fertilizer 1kg, silkworm excrement 8kg, clayey soil 91kg fully stirs into mixture, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio is 4.9: 3.1: 2.9 in the mixture, in mixture, add the carbendazim anticorrosion aqueous solution that accounts for mixture weight 20% and fully stir into nutrition soil, make the nutrient soil ball of diameter 3cm in the stock middle and lower part of graft ring week;
5, graft is grown seedlings
At the end of two months or the beginning of March will be manufactured with the graft seed covering of nutrient soil ball in the nursery, and make the following 2cm in liftoff surface, scion top of graft, the seed covering seeding row spacing of graft is 8cm * 16cm, treat that mulberry bud in the scion of graft survives the 15cm that is unearthed when high, take to pluck the measure of core bifurcated and graft is cultivated become to have the little mulberry sapling of 2~4 branches in the nursery, to grow;
6, mulberry sapling field planting
At the bottom of May or the beginning of June treat to turn over immediately after ripe field crops moves the field, have the planting furrow of some 30 * 30cm, irritate sufficient water again after in planting furrow, using sufficient fertilizer, the little mulberry sapling of having cultivated that has nutrient soil ball is pruned away behind the mulberry leaf at mulberry sapling top 50% field planting in planting furrow, utilize overcast and rainy field planting better effects if, the field planting seeding row spacing is 133cm * 50cm, if after the nutrient soil ball fragmentation of little mulberry sapling, just can plant after need processing nutrient soil ball again, mulberry sapling constantly absorbs nutrient and moisture by nutrient soil ball, need not fertilising in the first quarter moon, thereby guarantee the mulberry sapling survival rate more than 90%, the mulberry sapling survival rate of transplanting with nutrient soil ball is below 30%;
7, management
Seven, emphasis is carried out to mend and is plucked core, weeding, topdresses, controls work such as worm eight the bimester, little mulberry sapling is cultivated the mulberry tree that becomes to have 2-4 root branch and the long 150~170cm of branch, promptly form the high yield mulberry field, picking leaves in the last ten-days period in September is bred silkworms, the mulberry leaf about 750 kilograms can be produced in every mu of mulberry field then, can produce the mulberry leaf more than 2250 kilograms in 1 year, and reach the high yield mulberry field index of going into operation in the mulberry field of growing up.