CN101484296A - 将至少两个片材接合在一起的接缝 - Google Patents

将至少两个片材接合在一起的接缝 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101484296A
CN101484296A CNA2006800553215A CN200680055321A CN101484296A CN 101484296 A CN101484296 A CN 101484296A CN A2006800553215 A CNA2006800553215 A CN A2006800553215A CN 200680055321 A CN200680055321 A CN 200680055321A CN 101484296 A CN101484296 A CN 101484296A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
conjunction
pattern
seam
edge
main body
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Granted
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CNA2006800553215A
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English (en)
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CN101484296B (zh
Inventor
L·贝克
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Essity Hygiene and Health AB
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SCA Hygiene Products AB
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15707—Mechanical treatment, e.g. notching, twisting, compressing, shaping
    • A61F13/15739—Sealing, e.g. involving cutting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15756—Applying tabs, strips, tapes, loops; Knotting the ends of pads
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    • A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
    • A61F13/49014—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the side panels
    • A61F13/49015—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the side panels the elastic means being elastic panels
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Abstract

公开了一种将至少两个片材以重叠方式接合在一起的接缝，其中，重叠部分以在重叠部分(3)的至少一部分上延伸的结合图案(4)通过超声波焊接、热结合、激光焊接等结合在一起，以形成所述接缝。结合图案包括沿着重叠部分(3)的至少一部分在纵向上延伸的主结合图案(8)、和沿着重叠部分的至少一部分并邻近重叠部分的至少一个侧边缘(1a，2a)在纵向上延伸的至少一个边缘结合图案(9)，所述边缘结合图案的结合面积占中心结合图案的结合面积与边缘结合图案的结合面积的总和的至多30％。所述接缝可存在于个人护理吸收用品中。

Description

将至少两个片材接合在一起的接缝
技术领域
本发明涉及一种将至少第一和第二片材接合在一起的接缝，所述片材中的至少一个片材包括热熔材料，所述第一片材具有与第二片材的侧边缘重叠的侧边缘，其中，重叠部分在所述片材重叠的位置处形成。在所述重叠部分中，片材以在重叠部分的至少一个部分上延伸的结合图案通过超声波焊接、热结合、激光焊接等结合在一起，以形成所述接缝。
背景技术
包括热熔材料的片材，或纤维片、膜或它们的层叠物用于各种应用场合中，例如保护服、卫生用品、尤其是一次性吸收个人护理用品，诸如尿布、卫生巾和失禁护物。在绝大部分的这种应用中，片材必须被接合，所述接合操作传统上通过超声波焊接、热结合、激光焊接或通过粘接剂进行。通过超声波焊接、热结合或激光焊接的结合通常通过形成包括多个结合位点的结合图案进行，其中，片材的热熔构件被熔化，从而结合在一起。
结合在加工线上进行，其中，可能发生材料变化以及加工变化，这会影响结合图案相对于片材的重叠侧边缘的准确定位。如果结合图案相对于重叠部分偏移一点结束，则重叠部分的边缘可能会从接合的片材的表面突出。这会降低接缝的质量和用品的质量，且如果用于穿戴时接触穿戴者皮肤的用品中，这种突出边缘可能对皮肤造成刺激。
US-A-5919539公开了例如用于保护服中的纺粘聚烯烃薄片的超声波缝合。重叠片边缘被在超声波聚能器与带有图案的辊之间供给，所述带有图案的辊具有与所需的结合图案对应的凸出图案。产生类似华夫饼干的结合图案，且片的边缘被焊接在上面，以消除沿着接缝的凸出的片边缘。
US-A-5626574涉及一种一次性尿布，所述尿布具有通过超声波焊接彼此结合以形成侧接缝的前主体面料和后主体面料。焊接的侧接缝由不同形状的间断设置的结合位点的图案限定。目的是产生可使侧接缝沿着焊接区纵向撕开的焊接图案。
US-A-4938817公开了一种用于将两个重叠材料片接合起来的焊接图案，所述焊接图案包括平行于织物的边缘延伸的短虚线。
US-A-4205679公开了一种一次性内衣，其中，强的超声波焊缝通过多个焊接线形成，所述焊接线沿着从重叠部分的边缘向内间隔开的重叠侧边缘的纵向延伸。
需要一种用于将至少两个上述类型的片材接合在一起的接缝的改进的结合图案，所述结合图案沿着重叠部分提供强的接缝，且降低了沿着接缝的突出边缘的危险。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述问题，并提出一种结合图案，所述结合图案包括沿着重叠部分的至少一部分在纵向上延伸的主结合图案、和沿着并邻近所述侧边缘中的至少一个侧边缘的至少一部分在纵向上延伸的至少一个边缘结合图案，所述边缘结合图案的结合面积占主结合图案的结合面积与边缘结合图案的结合面积的总和的至多30％。
这意味着，边缘结合图案中的结合位点所占的面积应为边缘结合图案以及主结合图案中的结合位点所占的总面积的至多30％。
主结合图案沿着重叠部分提供强的接缝，而边缘结合图案沿着重叠部分将侧边缘结合住。由于侧边缘结合图案的有限的结合面积，接缝的该区域中的柔软性和柔性可基本得到保持。
在一个实施例中，所述边缘结合图案占组合的中心结合图案与边缘结合图案所占的总结合面积的至少5％、优选至少7％。
在另一方面，所述边缘结合图案占组合的中心结合图案与边缘结合图案所占的总结合面积的至多25％。
边缘结合图案可以成多个小结合位点的形式，每个结合位点具有至多4mm2的面积。
中心结合图案在纵向y上由外限制边沿限定，边缘结合图案在纵向y上由内限制边沿限定，其中，在一个实施例中，所述外限制边沿与所述内限制边沿之间的距离为至少1.5mm。
根据一个实施例，所述结合图案包括两个边缘结合图案，在中心结合图案的每侧各有一个边缘结合图案。
在一个实施例中，两个边缘结合图案的内限制边沿之间的距离为所述接缝在横向x上的宽度的25-95％、优选30-80％。
根据本发明的一个方面，接缝在横向x上的宽度为8-30mm。
根据一个实施例，主中心结合图案具有10-80％、优选20-60％的结合密度。根据另一个实施例，边缘结合图案具有至少2％、至多60％、优选至多50％、更优选至多30％的结合密度。
“结合密度”在此被定义为结合位点所占的面积与结合图案所限制的包括结合位点之间的非结合面积的整个面积的比值。
在本发明的一个方面中，片材具有25-130g/m2的基本重量。
在本发明的另一方面中，片材中的至少一个片材是弹性材料。
在又一方面中，接缝存在于个人护理吸收用品中，所述个人护理吸收用品包括吸收结构、以及第一和第二片材，所述第一和第二片材包括被接合在一起以形成所述接缝的热熔材料。
在一个实施例中，个人护理吸收用品是类似裤子的衣物，所述衣物包括第一主体面料、第二主体面料、和位于它们之间的胯部，所述第一和第二主体面料以重叠方式通过所述的结合图案被接合在一起，以提供形成所述接缝的侧部连接。
在又一个实施例中，个人护理吸收用品是类似裤子的衣物，所述衣物包括第一主体面料、第二主体面料、和位于它们之间的胯部，所述第一和第二主体面料被接合在一起，以形成侧部连接，所述衣物还设有弹性腰带，所述腰带以重叠方式通过所述的结合图案被接合到第一和/或第二主体面料上，以形成所述接缝。
在还一个实施例中，个人护理吸收用品是吸收衣物，例如尿布和失禁护物，所述吸收衣物包括第一主体面料、第二主体面料、和位于它们之间的胯部，所述第一和第二主体面料中的每个主体面料具有腰部，所述衣物还设有相反的侧向延伸的带状件，所述带状件加装到第一主体面料的腰部上、适于环绕着衣物的穿戴者的腰部包裹、且借助于第一固定装置被固定在一起，第二主体面料在其腰部处设有第二固定装置，所述第二固定装置适于以使衣物呈现为类似裤子的形状的方式固定到带状件，所述带状件以重叠方式通过上述结合图案结合到第一主体面料，以形成所述接缝。
附图说明
下面，参看附图所示的一些实施例更详细地描述本发明。
图1a示出了在两个重叠片材之间的焊缝的示意性侧视图；
图1b是相应的视图，示出了比片之间的重叠部分窄的结合图案；
图2a示出了超声波焊接设备的示意性侧视图，所述超声波焊接设备在两个重叠片材之间产生焊缝；
图2b是相应的视图，示出了相对于片材之间的重叠部分偏移一些设置的超声波设备；
图3a是利用根据本发明的结合图案结合的两个重叠片材的俯视图；
图3b是相应的视图，但示出了相对于重叠部分偏移一些的结合图案；
图4a、b是利用可选的结合图案结合的两个重叠片材的俯视图；
图5是裤子型吸收用品的透视图；
图6是带有带子的尿布的俯视图；以及
图7以较大比例示出了图6的细节，即带子与用品的连接。
具体实施方式
图1a和1b示意性地示出了两个重叠片材1和2，其中至少一个片材包括热熔材料。片材可以是纤维无纺材料、塑料膜或它们的层叠物。两个片之间的重叠部分以附图标记3表示。片材1和2在重叠部分处由结合图案4接合，所述结合图案4包括多个结合位点。结合通过使热熔材料熔化从而将片材1和2结合在一起的现有技术中公知的任何方法、例如超声波焊接、热结合、激光焊接等实现。如此结合的重叠部分形成将两个片材1和2接合在一起的接缝。所述接缝与两个片材处于相同的平面上。两个片均具有延伸在重叠部分之外的部分。
在图1a中，重叠部分3相当窄，且结合图案4在重叠部分的整个宽度上延伸。因此，两个片材的相应的侧边缘1a和2a均靠近结合图案4的边缘。这对于接缝来说是一种富有吸引力的外观，但难以在高速运行的加工线上实现。
有利地，具有覆盖整个结合图案4的两个片材1和2。如果结合图案4延伸到重叠部分3以外，在该区域不会产生结合，这意味着，结合区域变小，能量水平在实际结合区域增大，这可能引起材料的烧穿。
图1b示出了比结合图案4的宽度宽的重叠部分3。因此，片材的边缘1a和2a延伸超过结合图案的边缘。这在加工线上较容易实现，但不像图1a中的接缝那样富有吸引力，这是因为片材侧边缘1a和2a会从片材的平面突出。
图2a和2b是超声波焊接设备的示意性侧视图，所述超声波焊接设备包括超声波聚能器5和支承辊6，所述支承辊6具有用于产生结合图案的隆起7的图案。一对重叠片材1和2传送到超声波聚能器5与支承辊6之间的间隙中，以便以超声波的方式焊接在一起。超声波能量使挤压在聚能器5上的片材的多个部分即刻熔化，从而在支承辊6上的隆起7将材料挤压在聚能器5上的区域处将片材结合在一起。如果如图2b所示，产生结合图案的隆起7的图案延伸到两个片材的重叠部分之外，则结合区域减小，这导致每单位结合面积上的超声波能量的增大。如上所述，这可能导致片材的烧穿。
因此，难以在高速运行的加工线上使片材之间实现高质量的接缝，且其中，可发生重叠部分的宽度和/或其准确位置的小的变化。
本发明旨在提供一种结合图案，所述结合图案对这种过程变化不太敏感，且使得即使在结合图案可能相对于片材的重叠部分稍微偏移结束时也可提供高质量的接缝。
根据本发明的结合图案的一个示例示于图3a和3b中。该结合图案4包括居中地沿着重叠部分3、在纵向y上延伸的主结合图案8；和沿着主结合图案8的靠近片材的相应侧边缘1a和2a的两侧、在纵向上延伸的边缘结合图案9。在可选实施例中，仅设置了一个边缘结合图案9，在这种情况下，主结合图案8可相对于重叠部分3的纵向中心偏移定位而更靠近不具有边缘结合图案9的相反侧边缘。
主结合图案8比边缘结合图案9占更大的结合面积，使得边缘结合图案9占由组合的主结合图案8和边缘结合图案9所占的总结合面积的至多30％、优选至多25％。如上所述，这意味着，边缘结合图案9中的结合位点所占的面积应为由在边缘结合图案9以及主结合图案中的结合位点所占的总面积的至多30％。
在主结合图案的每侧各有一个边缘结合图案的两个边缘结合图案的情况下，还优选地，边缘结合图案占由组合的中心结合图案和边缘结合图案所占的总结合面积的至少5％、优选至少7％。如果仅设置了一个边缘结合图案，优选地，边缘结合图案占由组合的中心结合图案与边缘结合图案所占的总结合面积的2-20％。
主结合图案8在任一侧均具有纵向外限制边沿8a，所述边沿8a是沿着主结合图案的相反侧与主结合图案相切的切线。相应的边缘结合图案9具有纵向内限制边沿9a，所述边沿9a是沿着边缘结合图案9的面向主结合图案8侧与边缘结合图案9相切的切线。主结合图案8的外限制边沿8a与相应的边缘结合图案9之间的距离在图3a中以附图标记a表示。距离a优选为至少1.5mm。
两个边缘结合图案的内限制边沿9a之间的距离优选为重叠部分3在横向x上的宽度的25-95％、优选30-80％。
主结合图案8优选具有10-80％、优选20-60％的结合密度，而边缘结合图案具有至少2％、至多60％、优选至多50％、更优选至多30％的结合密度。
结合密度被定义为结合位点所占的面积与结合图案所限制的包括结合位点之间的非结合面积的整个面积的比值。
图4a、b示出了根据本发明的可选结合图案的示例。
边缘结合图案9优选成多个小结合位点例如点、线等形式，每个结合位点具有至多...mm2的面积。主结合图案8可包括较大的结合位点，或可选地包括比边缘结合图案9的结合位点设置得更为密集的多个小结合位点。主结合图案8沿重叠部分3提供强的接缝，而边缘结合图案9将侧向延伸超过主结合图案的边缘的侧边缘1a、2a结合住。由于侧边缘结合图案的有限的结合面积，接缝的该区域中的柔软性和柔性得到充分保持。
在图3b中，示出了相对于重叠部分3稍微偏移设置的结合图案4。然而，主结合图案8位于重叠部分内，且一个边缘结合图案9的仅一部分侧向已在重叠部分以外结束。接缝的质量仍高，因为位于重叠部分3以外的结合图案的较小部分仅使结合面积减小较小的程度，因此仅导致每单位结合面积的超声波能量增加较小。
结合图案在横向x上的宽度可被使得大致等于或仅稍小于重叠部分3在横向上的宽度。这意味着，可防止片材1和2的侧边缘1a和2a从片材的平面突出，且通过边缘结合图案9使侧边缘1a和2a被结合住。
根据本发明的结合图案与传统结合图案相比对加工变化不太敏感，这可使结合图案相对于重叠部分3的纵向中心稍微偏移地结束。
本发明尤其适用于基本重量为25-130g/m2的片材。在本发明的一个实施例中，至少一个片材是弹性材料，例如弹性膜、弹性无纺物或由它们构成的弹性层叠物。弹性材料被定义为在下面描述的弹性测试中弹性为至少30％的材料。
重叠部分3在横向x上的宽度优选为8-30mm。
本发明的一个重要应用是在个人护理吸收用品中，所述个人护理吸收用品例如为尿布、失禁护物、卫生巾、以及包括接合在一起以形成用品的不同构件的吸收结构和片材的类似物。图5-7中示出了可使用根据本发明的结合图案的吸收用品中的接缝的示例。
图5示出了裤子型吸收用品10，所述吸收用品10具有限定的腰部开口11和一对腿部开口12，其通过将腿伸入腿部开口中并将用品向上拉到腰部上而被拉到穿戴者的身体上。这种裤子型吸收用品的示例有尿裤、训练裤、泳裤、卫生裤和由失禁成人穿戴的失禁裤。下面，用品称作“尿裤”。用品具有纵向y和横向x。
尿裤包括前主体面料13，其是尿裤在使用时用于在穿戴者的胃部和前髋区域上延伸的那部分。用品还包括后主体面料14，其是用品在使用时用于在穿戴者的后部和后髋区域上延伸的那部分。尿裤用品的胯部15是尿裤在使用时用于延伸经过穿戴者的腿部之间的胯部区域的那部分。
吸收芯16设置在胯部15中并延伸到前、后主体面料13和14中。吸收芯设置在内盖片17与外盖片18之间。
术语“内盖片”是指形成吸收用品的内盖的可透过液体的材料片，其在使用时设置成与穿戴者的皮肤直接接触。内盖片可包括无纺材料，例如纺粘无纺布、熔喷无纺布、梳理成网无纺布、水刺法无纺布、湿法成网无纺布等。合适的无纺材料可以由：天然纤维，例如木浆或棉纤维；人造纤维，例如聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、纤维胶、人造丝等；或天然纤维和人造纤维的混合物组成。内盖片材料还可由短麻纤维(tow fibre)组成，其可以以例如EP-A-1035818中所公开的结合图案彼此结合。内盖片材料的其他示例是多孔泡沫、有孔塑料膜等。适合用作内盖片材料的材料应是软的且对皮肤没有刺激作用，而且容易被体液例如尿液或月经液透过。内盖片还可在吸收用品的不同部分处是不同的。
术语“外盖片”是指形成吸收用品的外盖的材料。外盖片可以在吸收用品的不同部分处是相同的或不同的。至少在吸收芯的区域，外盖片包括不能透过液体的材料、薄塑料膜，例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯膜，涂覆有不能透过液体的材料的无纺材料、抵抗液体进入的疏水无纺材料、或塑料膜和无纺材料的层叠物。外盖片材料可以是透气性的，以便在仍可防止液体通过的情况下允许蒸汽从吸收芯逸出。透气性的外盖片材料的示例有多孔聚合膜、纺粘和熔喷无纺布层的无纺层叠物、和多孔聚合膜和无纺材料的层叠物。优选地，外盖片在其至少面向衣物的表面上包括无纺材料。
术语“吸收芯”是至少在吸收用品的胯部区域设置在吸收用品的两个盖片之间的吸收结构。吸收芯可为任何传统的类型。常见的吸收材料的示例有纤维素绒毛浆、织物层、高吸收的聚合物(所谓的超吸收物)、吸收泡沫材料、吸收无纺材料等。通常在吸收芯中组合使用纤维素绒毛浆与超吸收聚合物。超吸收聚合物是可吸水膨胀的、不能被水溶解的有机或无机材料，它们能吸收它们自身重量的至少大约20倍的含有0.9％重量百分比的氯化钠的水溶液。适合用作超吸收材料的有机材料可包括：天然材料，例如多聚糖、多肽等；以及合成材料，例如合成水凝胶聚合物。这种水凝胶聚合物例如包括：聚丙烯酸的碱金属盐、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸脂、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡啶等。其他合适的聚合物包括：水解丙烯腈接枝淀粉、丙烯酸接枝淀粉、异丁烯马来酸酐共聚物及它们的混合物。水凝胶聚合物优选轻度交联，以使材料明显不能溶于水。优选的超吸收材料进一步被表面交联，以使超吸收颗粒、纤维、薄片、球体等外表面或壳比超吸收物的内部拥有更高的交联密度。超吸收材料可以为适用于吸收复合物中的任何形式，包括颗粒、纤维、薄片、球体等。
通过使用大量的超吸收材料提供了高的液体储存容量。对于包括亲水纤维例如纤维素纤维、和超吸收材料的基体的吸收芯，超吸收材料的重量比优选为10-90％，更优选为30-70％。
传统上，吸收用品具有这样的吸收芯，所述吸收芯包括在液体接收能力、液体分布能力和储存容量方面的性能不同的多层。例如常见于例如婴儿尿布和失禁护物中的薄的吸收体通常包括纤维素绒毛浆和超吸收聚合物的压缩、混合或分层结构。吸收芯的尺寸和吸收容量可改变，以适应不同的应用，例如婴儿或成人失禁人群。
吸收芯还可包括放置在主吸收体的顶部上的捕获分布层，其适于使排放的液体在被主吸收芯吸收之前被快速接收和暂时储存。这种捕获分布层在本领域中是众所周知的，且可由多孔纤维填料或泡沫材料组成。
前主体面料13和后主体面料14或其位于吸收芯区域之外的那些部分可与胯部15具有不同的材料组分。因此，根据一个实施例，前、后主体面料13和14的位于吸收芯区域以外的那些区域可例如由具有面向身体侧和面向衣物侧的层叠材料组成，而不可透过液体的外盖片和/或可透过液体的内盖片仅在吸收芯区域。在其他实施例中，内盖片和外盖片在前、后主体面料13和14以及在胯部区域15均相同。
前、后主体面料的整个或一部分可以由弹性材料构成。弹性片材可以成以下形式：弹性无纺材料、本身无弹性但借助于弹性线等已被弹性化的无纺材料、以及由纤维材料的外层和中间弹性膜层组成的弹性层叠物。
前、后主体面料13和14沿着纵向侧边缘被接合形成侧接缝19。前、后主体面料13和14可通过使前或后面料的内盖片17面向相对面料的外盖片18被接合。在这种情况下，侧接缝与侧接缝中的前、后面料的朝内的相邻部分处于相同的平面上，如图5所示。可选地，它们通过前、后主体面料的朝内的内盖片被接合，其中，侧接缝19从前、后主体面料的平面突出。
前、后主体面料13和14通过根据本发明的结合图案4沿着侧接缝19被接合，所述结合图案4包括主中心结合图案8和两个边缘结合图案9。
弹性腰带20沿着腰部开口固定到前、后主体面料13和14。在其最常见的形式中，弹性腰带20包括由细长件21、例如弹性线或带弹性化的大致非弹性的无纺材料，所述细长件21可收缩地附连于材料层、例如无纺材料之间。可选地，弹性腰带包括弹性无纺布或弹性膜无纺层叠物。弹性腰带20通过根据本发明的结合图案4接合到前、后主体面料13和14上。
腿部开口12也被弹性化，所述弹性化通常通过多个弹性件12a、例如弹性线实施，所述弹性件12a可收缩地附连于外、内盖片之间。
附图中的图6和7示出了成尿布或失禁护物22的形式的吸收衣物的一个实施例，所述尿布或失禁护物22包括第一主体面料23和第二主体面料24以及位于它们之间的胯部25。吸收芯26设置在胯部25中，并延伸到第一和第二主体面料23和24中。吸收芯26设置在内盖片27与外盖片28之间。内盖片和外盖片以及吸收芯可以由上面针对尿裤所述的材料构成。衣物具有纵向y和横向x。
一对带状件29连接到第二主体面料24的腰部，且用于环绕着衣物的穿戴者的腰部包裹，而且借助于第一固定装置30、例如机械固定件、尤其是钩-环固定装置的钩固定件固定在一起。相反的带状件的外表面尤其是如果它包括纤维无纺布则可起着环件的作用。
“钩-环固定件”是指一种具有“钩”部分和“环”部分且可重复固定的互补的固定装置。在此使用的术语“钩”是指能够咬合另一元件即所谓的“环”部分的任何元件。术语“钩”并不仅局限于其通常意思上的“钩”，而是包括任何形式的咬合元件，不管是单向的或是双向的。术语“环”同样也并不仅局限于其通常意思上的“环”，而也是包括能够与“钩”固定件咬合的任何结构。“环”材料的示例是纤维结构，类似于无纺材料。钩-环固定件例如可从美国维克罗(Velcro)公司获得。
可选地，第一固定装置30是粘接固定装置，例如带片(tape tab)，其中，相反带状件29的外表面由带可粘连的材料构成，如WO01/00129中所述。
带状件29的宽度应为5-20cm，优选为7-15cm。带状件29优选由形成带的外表面的载体材料与形成用于与使用者皮肤直接接触的带的内侧的柔软无纺布的层叠物制成。
合适的无纺材料可以是由例如聚丙烯纤维或聚乙烯纤维组成的纺粘材料。也可使用共轭纤维。另一合适的无纺材料由例如聚丙烯、聚酯或共轭纤维的梳理成网热粘合材料形成。
载体材料应适于起着用于固定装置30的接收表面的作用。在固定装置是钩固定件的情况下，无纺材料可用作载体材料。在固定装置30是带片的情况下，塑料膜适合用作载体材料。
通常为前主体面料的第一主体面料23然后被从穿戴者的腿部之间穿过，并借助于设在前主体面料23的腰部的侧边缘处的第二固定装置31固定到带状件29的外侧。这些第二固定装置31是机械固定件，例如钩固定件或粘接带固定件。
每个带状件29在其邻近第一主体面料24的近端处均包括弹性区域29a。所述弹性区域29a可以成弹性片材例如弹性膜、弹性无纺布、弹性层叠物等形式。弹性层叠物可以是两个或更多个无纺层之间、两个或更多个膜层之间的层叠物，或膜层和无纺层的组合。
适合用于形成所述弹性区域29a的弹性层叠物的示例是本领域中公知的任何弹性层叠物。一组弹性层叠物是所谓的“伸展结合(stretch-bonded)”层叠物，其中，弹性层在其与一个或更多个非弹性层层叠之前沿至少一个方向被伸展。在将张力从弹性层去除以后，它可自由地缩回到其未张紧的状态，且层叠到其上的非弹性层变得聚集，产生三维褶皱。
另一组弹性层叠物是所谓的“收缩结合(neck bonded)”层叠物，其是指这样的层叠物，其中，当非弹性件在其宽度减小或收缩的条件下被伸长时，弹性材料结合到非弹性材料。“收缩结合层叠物”是指具有至少两层的复合材料，其中，一层是收缩的非弹性层，另一层是弹性层。当非弹性层处于伸长条件下时，层结合在一起。
又一组弹性层叠物例如公开于WO/047488中，其中，非弹性无纺层被层叠到弹性膜层上，且层叠物被拉伸超过无纺材料的疲劳点，从而非弹性层断裂。
弹性层叠物的示例描述于EP-B-0646062、WO98/29251、WO03/000165和US-A-5226992中。市场上可获得的弹性层叠物的示例是来自卓德嘉(Tredegar)公司的Fabriflex 306和来自诺地尼亚(Nordenia)公司的PK6358。
弹性区域29a优选具有按下面所述的弹性测试方法测量的至少30％的弹性。
可选地，弹性区域29a包括可收缩地附连于片材层之间的一个或更多个弹性线或条。
在可选实施例中，仅一个带状件29设有弹性区域29a。
腰部弹性件32沿着每个主体面料23和24的腰部的至少一部分在横向x上延伸。腰部弹性件可以是在内盖片与外盖片之间可收缩地加装到外盖片的外侧或内盖片的面向穿戴者侧的弹性片材，例如弹性层叠物、弹性膜等。可选地，它包括可收缩地附连于外盖片与内盖片之间的两个或更多个弹性线或条。
腿部开口也被弹性化，所述弹性化通常通过多个弹性件33例如弹性线实施，所述弹性件可收缩地附连于外盖片与内盖片之间。
弹性区域29a通过根据本发明的结合图案4结合到相应的带状件10和/或第一主体面料24侧边缘。
弹性测试
该方法测量弹性材料在重复加载和卸载循环的情况下表现如何。样品被拉伸到预定伸长率，且在0与所述预定伸长率之间执行循环运动。所需的加载和卸载力被记录。松弛材料的永久即残余伸长率被测量。
拉伸试验机Lloyd LRX能执行循环运动，且配备有打印机/绘图仪，或使用软件显示。样品通过将其切割到25mm宽和这样的长度制备，所述长度优选比拉伸试验机中的夹具之间的距离长20mm。
拉伸试验机根据设备说明书校准。测试所需的参数(加载和卸载力)被调节为：
·十字头速度：   50mm/min
·夹具距离：     50mm
·预负载：        0.05N
样品根据标记放置在夹具中，且确保样品在夹具中被对中并垂直地被固定。拉伸试验机被启动，且在0与等于最高限定的1st载荷的预定伸长率之间执行三次循环。在最后一次循环之前，使样品松弛1分钟，然后通过拉伸样品测量永久伸长率直到探测到0.1N的力，并读取该伸长率。
松弛后的永久伸长率应小于10％，且通过上述方法测量。因此，30％的弹性被定义为：在上述拉伸试验机中，在施加到30％的伸长率之后，片材应具有小于10％的伸长后的永久松弛。30％的伸长率意味着伸长到比样品的初始长度长30％的长度的伸长率。
尽管上面仅详细地描述了结合图案的一些示例性实施例和根据本发明的结合图案的一些应用，但本领域的普通技术人员容易理解，可对结合图案的构型和其应用进行多种修改。

Claims (17)

1.一种将至少第一和第二片材(1，2)接合在一起的接缝，其中至少一个片材包括热熔材料，第一片材(1)具有与第二片材(2)的侧边缘(2a)重叠的侧边缘(1a)，其中，重叠部分(3)在所述片材重叠处形成，在所述重叠部分(3)中，所述片材以在重叠部分(3)的至少一部分上延伸的结合图案(4)通过超声波焊接、热结合、激光焊接等被结合在一起，以形成所述接缝，所述重叠部分具有纵向(y)和横向(x)、以及由所述片材的所述重叠侧边缘(1a，2a)限定的一对纵向侧边缘，其特征在于，所述结合图案(4)包括沿着重叠部分(3)的至少一部分在纵向上延伸的主结合图案(8)、和沿着并邻近所述侧边缘(1a，2a)中的至少一个侧边缘的至少一部分在纵向上延伸的至少一个边缘结合图案(9)，所述边缘结合图案的结合面积占中心结合图案的结合面积以及边缘结合图案的结合面积的总和的至多30％。
2.如权利要求1所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述边缘结合图案(9)占组合的主结合图案(8)和边缘结合图案(9)所占的总结合面积的至少5％、优选至少7％。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述边缘结合图案(9)占组合的主结合图案(8)和边缘结合图案(9)所占的总结合面积的至多25％。
4.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述边缘结合图案(9)成多个小结合位点的形式，每个所述结合位点具有至多4mm2的面积。
5.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述主结合图案(8)在纵向(y)上由外限制边沿(8a)限定，所述边缘结合图案(9)在纵向(y)上由内限制边沿(9a)限定，其中，所述外限制边沿与所述内限制边沿之间的距离(a)为至少1.5mm。
6.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述结合图案包括两个边缘结合图案(9)，在主结合图案(8)的每一侧各有一个边缘结合图案(9)。
7.如权利要求6所述的接缝，其特征在于，两个边缘结合图案的内限制边沿(9a)之间的距离为接缝重叠部分(3)在横向(x)上的宽度的25-95％、优选30-80％。
8.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，重叠部分(3)在横向(x)上的宽度为8-30mm。
9.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述主结合图案(8)具有10-80％、优选20-60％的结合密度。
10.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述边缘结合图案(9)具有至少2％、至多60％、优选至多50％、更优选至多30％的结合密度。
11.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述片材(1，2)具有25-130g/m2的基本重量。
12.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，片材(1，2)中的至少一个片材是弹性材料。
13.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述接缝与被接合在一起的片材(1，2)处于相同的平面上。
14.如前面权利要求中任一所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述接缝存在于个人护理吸收用品中，所述个人护理吸收用品包括吸收结构(16；26)、以及第一和第二片材，所述第一和第二片材包括通过所述结合图案(14)接合在一起的热熔材料。
15.如权利要求14所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述个人护理吸收用品是类似裤子的衣物，所述衣物包括第一主体面料(13)、第二主体面料(14)、和位于它们之间的胯部(15)，所述第一和第二主体面料以重叠方式被接合在一起，以形成权利要求1至14中任一所述的由结合图案(4)接合的侧接缝(19)。
16.如权利要求14或15所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述个人护理吸收用品是类似裤子的衣物，所述衣物包括第一主体面料(13)、第二主体面料(14)、和位于它们之间的胯部(15)，所述第一和第二主体面料被接合在一起，以形成侧接缝(19)，以及所述衣物还设有弹性腰带(20)，所述腰带以重叠方式被接合到第一和/或第二主体面料，以形成权利要求1至13中任一所述的由结合图案(4)限定的所述接缝。
17.如权利要求14所述的接缝，其特征在于，所述个人护理吸收用品是吸收衣物，例如尿布和失禁护物，所述衣物包括第一主体面料(23)、第二主体面料(24)、和位于它们之间的胯部(25)，所述第一和第二主体面料中的每个主体面料具有腰部，所述衣物还设有相反的侧向延伸的带状件(29)，所述带状件加装到第二主体面料(24)的腰部、适于环绕着衣物的穿戴者的腰部包裹、且借助于第一固定装置(30)固定在一起，所述第一主体面料(23)在其腰部处设有第二固定装置(31)，所述第二固定装置适于以使衣物呈现为类似裤子的形状的方式固定到带状件(29)，所述带状件(29)中的至少一个带状件包括位于所述带状件的邻近第二主体面料(24)的腰部的近端处的弹性区域(17a)，所述弹性区域以重叠方式接合到相应的带状件和/或第二主体面料(24)的其余部分，以形成权利要求1至12中任一所述的由结合图案(4)限定的所述接缝。
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