CN101883549B - 将至少两个幅材料接合在一起的接缝 - Google Patents

将至少两个幅材料接合在一起的接缝 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101883549B
CN101883549B CN2007801018068A CN200780101806A CN101883549B CN 101883549 B CN101883549 B CN 101883549B CN 2007801018068 A CN2007801018068 A CN 2007801018068A CN 200780101806 A CN200780101806 A CN 200780101806A CN 101883549 B CN101883549 B CN 101883549B
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China
Prior art keywords
conjunction
pattern
seam
binding member
area
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2007801018068A
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CN101883549A (zh
Inventor
H·伊恩
M·莱赫托
U·卡尔松
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Essity Hygiene and Health AB
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SCA Hygiene Products AB
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Publication of CN101883549A publication Critical patent/CN101883549A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
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    • A61F13/15739Sealing, e.g. involving cutting
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/515Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers characterised by the interconnection of the topsheet and the backsheet
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C66/21Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4324Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms for making closed loops, e.g. belts
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A61F2013/15284Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
    • A61F2013/15365Dimensions
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F2013/51078Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being embossed
    • A61F2013/51083Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being embossed in point
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/82Testing the joint
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    • B29C66/221Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a sinusoidal wave
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

通过超声熔接、热结合等将至少两个幅材料以重叠方式以结合图案(4)接合的一种接缝,所述结合图案(4)包括沿着并邻近所述重叠部分的至少一个侧边缘(1a,2a)的至少一部分以纵向延伸的第一结合图案(5)以及至少一个第二结合图案(6)。第二结合图案(6)的结合面积占据第一和第二结合图案总结合面积的30%以上。第一结合图案(5)的结合元件(5a)的平均面积为第二结合图案(6)的结合元件(6a)的平均面积的至少2倍。从接缝横向上看,结合图案(4)的接触面积为结合图案(4)在沿结合图案长度的任何指定点处宽度(w)的10~30%。

Description

将至少两个幅材料接合在一起的接缝
技术领域
本发明涉及一种将至少第一幅材料和第二幅材料接合在一起的接缝,所述幅材料中至少一个包括可热熔材料,该第一幅材料的侧边缘与第二幅材料的侧边缘重叠,其中在所述两个幅材料重叠处形成重叠部分。所述重叠部分内的幅材料以在该重叠部分的至少一部分上延伸的结合图案被结合在一起以形成所述接缝。通过将幅材料向前移动经过结合设备如超声熔接设备、热结合设备等来完成该结合图案。
背景技术
幅材料包括在各种应用,如保护性服装和卫生用品,特别是一次性个人护理吸收性物品如尿布、卫生巾和失禁防护品中所使用的可热熔材料,其为纤维幅、膜或其层压件。在大多数这些应用中,幅材料必须被接合,该接合常常通过超声熔接、热结合、激光熔接或粘结剂来完成。通过超声熔接、热结合或激光熔接完成的结合常常通过形成具有多个结合元件的结合图案来完成,其中幅材料的可热熔材料成分被熔化并且因此结合在一起。
结合在生产线上完成,其中可能发生材料和工艺过程的变化,这可能影响结合图案相对于幅材料的重叠侧边缘的精确定位。如果结合图案结束时相对重叠部分略微偏移,重叠部分的边缘可能从已接合的幅材料的表面突出。这将降低接缝和物品的质量,并且如果用于紧靠穿戴者皮肤穿用的物品中,这样的突出边缘可导致皮肤刺激。
US 5,919,539公开了例如在保护性服装中使用的纺粘聚烯烃片层的超声接缝。在超声变幅器(ultrasonic horn)与带图案的辊之间进给重叠的片层边缘,其中该辊具有所需结合图案相对应的浮雕式图案。这就形成了网格状结合图案并且片层边缘被全部熔接(welded over)以消除沿接缝的突起片层边缘。
US 5,626,574涉及一种具有通过超声熔接被彼此结合以形成侧接缝的前部身体裁片和后部身体裁片的一次性尿布。该熔接的侧接缝被间歇设置的不同形状的结合元件的图案所限定。目的是建立一种能使侧接缝沿熔接区域纵向可撕开的熔接图案。
US 4,938,817示出一种用于接合两种重叠幅材料的熔接图案,所述熔接图案包括平行于织物边缘延伸的短虚线。
US 4,205,679公开了一种一次性内裤,其中通过沿重叠侧边缘的纵向延伸且与重叠部的边缘向内隔开的多个熔接线形成坚固的超声熔缝。
US 6,713,159公开了一种吸收性物品接缝内的抗拉结合图案,所述结合图案包括接近接缝各侧边缘的分离的纵向结合元件的第一子阵列以及位于侧边缘内的分离的纵向结合元件的第二子阵列。该结合元件的第一子阵列作为压力接收元件并且结合元件的第一子阵列作为转移和分散元件。
WO 2004/017885公开了一种吸收性物品接缝内的结合图案,所述结合图案包括被定向成允许结合图案面积拉伸8~30%的多个结合点。
GB 1 332 037公开了位于两种热塑性织物之间的一种熔缝,其中结合图案包括沿接缝边缘处的两条直线设置的多个结合元件以及位于该两条直线之间的其它结合元件。
国际专利PCT/SE2006/00858涉及一种具有结合图案的接缝,该结合图案包括主结合图案和至少一个边缘结合图案,该边缘结合图案沿重叠部分的至少一个侧边缘的至少一部分延伸,其中所述边缘结合图案占据的结合面积不大于中央结合图案加上边缘结合图案的结合面积总和的30%。
但是,仍然需要一种用于接缝的改进结合图案来将上述类型的至少两种幅接合在一起,所述结合图案提供了沿重叠部分的坚固接缝并且减少了沿接缝的边缘突起的可能性。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上面提出的问题并且提供了一种沿接缝边缘具有优化强度特性和光洁度的结合图案。这些和其它目的通过一种结合图案来实现,该结合图案包括以重复模式彼此间隔的多个结合元件,所述重叠部分具有被幅材料的所述重叠侧边缘限定的一对纵向侧边缘,所述结合图案具有由结合图案的第一和第二侧边缘限定的长度和宽度。所述结合图案包括沿重叠部分的至少一部分在纵向延伸的第一结合图案,以及沿着并邻近所述重叠部分的至少一个所述侧边缘的至少一部分在纵向延伸的至少一个第二结合图案。所述第二结合图案的结合面积占据第一结合图案结合面积和第二结合图案结合面积总和的30%以上。第一结合图案的结合元件的平均面积是第二结合图案的结合元件的平均面积的至少2倍,并且从横向上看,结合图案在沿结合图案长度的任何指定点处的接触面积为结合图案宽度的10~30%。
组合的第一和第二结合图案提供了一种具有高强度、沿边缘撕裂的可能性较低、沿接缝边缘具有良好光洁度且边缘沿接缝突起的可能性较低的接缝。
在一个实施例中,第二结合图案的结合面积占据由组合的第一和第二结合图案占据的总结合面积的至少50%,优选至少60%。
在本发明的一方面中,第二结合图案的结合面积不大于由组合的第一和第二结合图案占据的总结合面积的75%。
在一个实施例中,第一结合图案的结合元件的平均结合面积可为第二结合图案的结合元件的平均结合面积的至少2.5倍,优选至少3倍,更优选至少4倍。
在另一个实施例中,第二结合图案的每个结合元件可具有不大于4mm2的面积,优选不大于3mm2,并且更优选不大于2mm2
在本发明的一方面中,从横向x上看,组合的第一和第二结合图案的接触面积为结合图案沿结合图案长度的任何指定点处宽度w的10~25%并且优选为13~20%。
在一个实施例中,第二结合图案可具有多个较小结合元件,每个元件都具有不大于2mm2的平均面积,所述结合元件被设置为至少两个纵排,其中结合元件与相邻排的结合元件之间是错位排列的,并且其中第二结合图案中结合元件的数量为每平方厘米8~50个。
第一结合图案也可包括被设置为至少两个纵排的多个结合元件,其中结合元件彼此错位排列。从横向来看第一结合图案的结合元件与第二结合图案的结合元件可相互偏离。
在又一个实施例中,第一结合图案中结合元件的数量为每平方厘米4~25个。
在本发明的一方面中,第二结合图案的结合元件是圆形的。在又一方面中,第一结合图案的结合元件是圆形的。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述结合图案包括两个边缘结合图案,在中央结合图案的每侧上一个。
根据本发明一个实施例,在横向x上重叠部分的宽度为5~40mm,优选6~20mm。根据本发明的另一实施例,结合图案即组合的第一和第二结合图案的宽度w为5~40mm,优选6~20mm。
根据本发明的一个实施例,第一结合图案具有至少2%且不大于60%、优选不大于40%的结合密度。根据另一实施例,第二结合图案具有5~60%的结合密度,优选10~50%。在本发明的一方面中,第二结合图案具有比第一结合图案更高的结合密度。
在本发明的一方面中,在所述重叠部分内所述幅材料的组合的织物单位重量在25~130g/m2之间。
在本发明的另一方面中,幅材料中至少一种为弹性材料。
在一个实施例中,接缝与接合在一起的幅材料位于同一平面内。
在又一方面中,所述接缝存在于个人护理吸收性物品内,所述吸收性物品包括吸收性结构和具有接合在一起以形成所述接缝的热可熔材料的第一和第二幅材料。
在一个实施例中,所述个人护理吸收性物品为裤式衣物,其包括第一身体裁片、第二身体裁片和位于其间的裆部,所述第一和第二身体裁片以重叠方式被上述结合图案接合在一起以形成侧连接来形成所述接缝。
在另一实施例中,所述个人护理吸收性物品为尿式衣物,其包括第一身体裁片、第二身体裁片和位于其间的裆部,所述第一和第二身体裁片被接合在一起以形成侧连接,并且还配备有弹性腰带,所述腰带以重叠方式被所述结合图案接合于第一和/或第二身体裁片以形成所述接缝。
在又一实施例中,所述个人护理吸收性物品为吸收性衣物如尿布或失禁防护品,其包括第一身体裁片、第二身体裁片以及位于其间的裆部,所述第一和第二身体裁片都具有腰部,所述衣物还配备有对置的侧向延伸的带部件,其连接于第一身体裁片的腰部并且适于环绕衣物穿戴者的腰部缠绕并且由第一紧固装置紧固在一起,所述第二身体裁片在其腰部处配备有适于被固定于带部件的第二紧固装置,这样该衣物就为裤型,所述带部件以重叠方式被所述结合图案接合于第一身体裁片以形成所述接缝。
附图说明
下面将参照附图所示的某些实施例对本发明进行进一步描述。
图1示出根据本发明在两个重叠幅材料之间具有结合图案的熔缝。
图2为示出图1的结合图案的纵向表面覆盖率的曲线图。
图3为两个幅材料之间接缝的侧视图,其中接缝与幅材料位于同一平面内。
图4为两个幅材料之间的对接缝(butt seam)的侧视图,其中接缝从幅材料所在的平面垂直突起。
图5为示出接触面积尺寸的结合图案的图像(并非本发明的一部分)。
图6示出具有根据本发明另一实施例的结合图案的接缝。
图7为示出图6的结合图案的纵向表面覆盖率的曲线图。
图9为裤型吸收性物品的透视图。
图10为带式尿布的平面图。
图11示出图10的部分细节放大,即吸收性物品的带子的连接件。
定义
“结合元件面积”是结合元件占用的几何图形面积。就不同面积的结合元件来说,可计算平均结合元件面积。对于空心结合元件,例如环状的元件,结合元件面积由被结合元件外周圈起的面积所限定(包括孔)。
“结合面积”是被结合元件所占用的结合图案的面积。
“结合密度”是相对于包括结合元件之间的非结合面积的结合图案所限定的整个面积而言结合元件占用的面积。
结合图案横向上的“接触面积”是沿接缝横向看结合设备(例如超声变幅器和带图案的辊)与幅材料之间的接触面积的加权平均值并且根据下面的描述来确定。
具体实施方式
图1示出两个重叠的幅材料1和2,这两个辐材料中至少一个包括热可熔材料。这些幅可为纤维无纺材料、塑料膜或其层压件。一个幅材料还可包括两个或更多个材料层。两个幅之间的重叠部分用附图标记3表示。幅1和2在该重叠部分处被具有多个结合元件的结合图案4接合在一起。该结合通过现有技术中任何已知的方式如超声熔接、热结合等来实现,其中使得热可熔材料熔化并因此将幅1和2结合在一起。由此结合的重叠部分3形成将两个幅材料1和2接合在一起的接缝。图1中的该接缝与两个幅材料位于同一平面内。两个幅均具有延伸出重叠部分外的部分。
图3和4示出用于将两个幅材料接合在一起的两种主要接缝类型,其中图3示出的“平面”接缝与图1中相同,并且图4示出的“对接”接缝类型中接缝从幅材料1和2所在的平面突起。根据本发明的结合图案可用于这两种接缝类型,但是特别适用于图1和3所示的“平面”接缝。
在图1中,结合图案4遍布重叠部分3的整个宽度。因此两个幅材料各自的侧边缘1a和2a靠近结合图案4的边缘,并且结合图案4的宽度w由结合图案4的纵向外限边际之间的距离所限定,该宽度基本与重叠部分3的宽度相同。这对接缝来说很合适,但在高速下运行的生产线中很难实现。
优选两个幅材料1和2都覆盖整个结合图案4。如果结合图案4延伸出重叠部分3之外,那么在该区域内不会产生结合,这就意味着结合面积变得更小并且在实际的结合面积内能级增加,导致材料的熔穿。另一方面,如果结合图案在重叠部分的侧边缘内相当远的距离处终止,则未结合的侧边缘可能从接缝平面突出,这从美学角度和舒适度原因来看都是不理想的,特别是如果该突出的侧缘与穿戴者的皮肤接触时尤为不理想。
根据本发明的结合图案的一个实施例如图1所示。该结合图案4包括沿重叠部分3以纵向Y延伸的第一结合图案5以及沿幅材料重叠部分3的一个侧边缘1a以纵向延伸的第二结合图案6。在图1所示的实施例中,第一结合图案5沿重叠部分3的相反侧边缘2a延伸,同时在可选实施例中第二结合图案沿侧边缘1a和2a二者设置,并且第一结合图案1位于两个第二结合图案6之间。因此此处使用的术语“结合图案4”指的是包括第一与第二结合图案之间的区域的组合后的第一和第二结合图案5和6。
第一和第二结合图案5和6基本彼此平行地并排延伸。
被视为主结合图案的第一结合图案5具有相对较大的结合元件5a以确保较强的结合作用,同时第二结合图案6即边缘结合图案具有相对较小的结合元件6a。一般来说,第一结合图案5的结合元件5a的平均结合面积为第二结合图案6的结合元件6a的平均结合面积的至少2倍。在另一实施例中,第一结合图案5的结合元件5a的平均结合面积为第二结合图案6的结合元件6a的平均结合面积的至少2.5倍,优选至少3倍,更优选至少4倍。
第二结合图案6具有相对更密集设置的结合元件6a并且第二结合图案6的结合面积应当占据第一结合图案5结合面积和第二结合图案6结合面积总和的30%以上。这可适用于两种情形:当只存在一个第二结合图案6时以及当提供两个第二结合图案(沿每边缘一个)时。当提供两个第二结合图案6时,两个第二结合图案的结合面积总和应当占据第一结合图案5结合面积和两个第二结合图案6结合面积总和的30%以上。
在某些实施例中,第二结合图案6的结合面积应当占据由组合的第一和第二结合图案占据的总结合面积的至少50%,优选至少60%。在本发明的其它方面中,第二结合图案的结合面积应当占据由组合的第一和第二结合图案占据的总结合面积的不超过75%。
在本发明的一方面中,第二结合图案6的结合元件6a具有不大于4mm2的平均面积,优选不大于3mm2,并且更优选不大于2mm2
因此第二结合图案6具有多个相对较密集设置的较小结合元件6a。因为存在较小结合元件并非始终能将两个幅材料1和2熔接在一起的可能性,优选将许多较小结合元件相对较密集地设置在一起以确保第二结合图案能够实现足够的熔接作用。这样,一定的较小比例的结合元件6a可能不能将幅材料1和2熔接在一起就不是大问题,只要结合图案内一定数量的其它结合元件6a能够将其熔接在一起即可。
第二结合图案6提供了无突起边缘且无撕裂迹象的良好光洁度的接缝边缘,这就提高了接缝的总强度。
第一结合图案5构成了为接缝提供整体结合强度的主结合图案。相对较大的结合元件5a不能为两个幅材料1和2提供足够熔接作用的可能性显然更小,并且它们因此可能比第二结合图案6的结合元件分布得更为稀疏而不影响结合强度。
本发明应用于通过幅材料移动经过结合设备如超声熔接设备、热结合设备等完成的所有结合图案。这些结合设备通常包括至少一个带图案的辊。
根据本发明的结合图案的一个重要特征是在结合图案4纵向的任何指定点处横跨接缝的接触面积相对一致。该接触面积是结合设备(例如超声变幅器和带图案砧辊)与将被结合的幅材料之间接触面积的加权平均值。
参照图5,其示出表示接触面积计算结果的接触图案的图像(并非本发明的一部分),参数xeff基于待结合幅材料与结合设备之间的预定接触长度来限定,例如超声变幅器与带图案砧辊之间的辊隙中的接触长度。假设计算结果中的参数xeff为4mm,这被示为用于通常现有的此类结合设备中的标准值。因为并非全部的接触面积都与幅材料最大化接触,就引入了加权函数wn(x),因此全部的接触面积被建立为加权函数。加权函数的选择是在一定的间隔上而限定的并且根据下面的公式(1)来确定。
w n ( x ) = ( 1 - A ( 1 - cos | x - x n B | ) ) 2 - x eff ; - x eff 2 ≤ x - x n ≤ x eff 2 . - - - ( 1 )
出于本发明的目的假定上述xeff为4(mm)。在计算时常数A和B采用下面的数值:A=5000并且B=0,1。即使对于xeff小于或大于4mm的结合设备来说,出于本发明的目的也可使用xeff、A和B的这些数值。
设定wn(x)的边界条件,使得在接触区域中心的压缩最大并且接触区域外缘的压缩就少的多。
加权函数wn(x)用于计算结合设备(例如超声变幅器和带图案辊)与幅材料之间沿接缝横向看的接触面积的加权平均值。该加权平均值被定义为根据本发明的接触面积,并且例如可通过下述对结合图案的图像分析来计算。
使用1200dpi(点每英寸)的分辨率来进行结合图案的扫描。该图案被评估为用炭黑着色的标准化的倒置黑白图像。因此必须引入限定图案图像的函数(公式2)。
标准化的加权接触面积现在被定义为
X ^ n = Σ i = n - ϵ n + ϵ X i w n ( x i ) Σ j = n - ϵ n + ϵ w n ( x i ) , (乘以100来得到百分比)    (3)
其中
X l = 1 M Σ m = 0 M - 1 γ im , - - - ( 4 )
并且ε是图案图像的长度xeff/2内像素的整数。
结合图案的接触面积应当为沿结合图案长度的任何指定点处结合图案4宽度w的10~30%。在优选实施例中,接触面积为沿结合图案长度的任何指定点处结合图案4宽度w的10~25%并且最好为13~20%。
图1示出的接触面积占结合图案4的百分比如图2所示,并且可以看出用于该特定结合图案的接触面积在非常窄的间隔内变化,即15.4~16%之间。
沿结合图案4长度的一致接触面积意味着沿接缝的结合强度是一致的并且最小化了撕裂形成起始的位点。
图1所示的结合图案具有沿侧边缘1a的第二结合图案6,该第二结合图案具有多个较小的结合元件6a,每个元件都具有不大于2mm2的平均面积。这些结合元件6a被设置为两个或更多个纵排(图1中为四排),其中结合元件6a相对于相邻排的结合元件以错位关系排列。第二结合图案中结合元件6a的数量优选为每平方厘米8~50个。
第一结合图案5包括多个结合元件5a,这些元件大于第二结合图案的结合元件6a并且比第二结合图案的结合元件分布得更为稀疏。第一结合图案5中结合元件的数量为每平方厘米4~25个。结合元件5a被设置为两个纵排(或更多排),其中结合元件彼此错位排列并且从接缝的横向来看相对于第二结合图案6的结合元件6a偏移。结合元件5a和6a的这种设置提供了如上所述沿接缝的一致接触面积。
第一结合图案的结合密度至少为2%并且不大于60%,优选不大于40%。第二结合图案的结合密度在5~60%之间,优选10~50%。优选第二结合图案6的结合密度大于第一结合图案5。
第二和/或第一结合图案的结合元件可为圆形或其它任选的几何形状。圆形的结合元件比细长的结合元件更不易撕裂,这就提高了接缝的结合强度。
结合图案4的横向宽度w可基本等于或略小于重叠部分3的横向宽度。这意味着避免了幅材料1和2的侧边缘1a和2a从幅材料的平面突起,而是有效地被结合图案5、6向下结合(bond down)。
结合图案4以及重叠部分3的横向宽度优选在5~40mm之间,更优选在6~20mm之间。
图6示出根据本发明的结合图案4的另一个实施例。图7所示的结合图案包括第一结合图案5,其形为两排沿接缝纵向错位排列并且彼此凹边相对的多个“香蕉”形结合元件5a。结合图案4还包括第二结合图案6,其包括形为沿接缝纵向的多个较小的短线状结合元件6a。结合元件6a以多个横排布置,这些横排与错位排列的结合元件5a的每排中相邻结合元件5a之间的间隔相对。
图6所示的结合元件5a和6a的构型也提供了如上所述沿接缝的一致接触面积。图6的结合图案的接触面积也在图7中示出并且在17~18%之间。
本发明尤其适用于这样的幅材料,其在重叠部分内具有的组合单位积物重量在25~130g/m2之间。本发明一个实施例中至少一个幅材料为弹性材料如弹性膜、弹性无纺物或其弹性层压件。弹性材料被定义为在下述弹性测试中具有至少30%弹性的材料。
本发明的一个重要应用是个人护理吸收性物品如尿布、失禁防护品、卫生巾等,其具有吸收结构和被接合在一起形成物品不同部件的幅材料。吸收性物品中可使用本发明结合图案的接缝实施例如图8-10所示。
图8示出裤型吸收性物品10,其具有限定的腰部开口11和一对腿部开口12,穿戴者通过将腿伸进腿部开口并且将物品拉至腰部来穿戴该物品。这种裤型吸收性物品的实例是尿裤、训练裤、泳裤、卫生裤和失禁成人穿戴的失禁裤。吸收性物品在下文中都称为“尿裤”。吸收性物品纵向为y并且横向为x。
尿裤包括前部身体裁片13,其为在使用中在穿戴者胃部和前髋部区域延伸的尿裤的一部分。吸收性物品还包括后部身体裁片14,其为在使用中在穿戴者背部和后髋部区域延伸的尿裤的一部分。尿裤物品的裆部15是在使用中贯穿穿戴者两腿之间裆部区域的尿裤的一部分。
吸收芯16位于裆部15内并且延伸进入前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14内。该吸收芯位于内罩层17与外罩层18之间。
术语“内罩层”指的是形成吸收性物品内罩的液体可透渗材料片,其在使用中与穿戴者的皮肤直接接触。内罩层可包括如纺粘、熔喷、粗梳、水刺、湿法成网等的无纺材料。适宜的无纺材料可由天然纤维(如木浆或棉纤维)、人造纤维(如聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、粘胶纤维、人造丝等)或天然和人造纤维的混合物构成。内罩层材料还可由以结合图案彼此结合的短麻纤维构成,例如在EP-A-1 035 818中公开的那样。内罩层材料的其它实施例为多孔泡沫、有孔塑料膜等。适宜作为内罩层材料的材料应当是柔软和对皮肤无刺激的并且很容易被体液如尿液和经血渗透。在吸收性物品不同部分内的内罩层还可各异。
“外罩层”指的是形成吸收性物品外罩的材料。在吸收性物品不同部分内的外罩层可相同或各异。至少在吸收芯区域内,外罩层包括液体不可透过材料、薄塑料膜如聚乙烯或聚丙烯膜、涂覆有液体不可透过材料的无纺材料、抵抗液体渗透的疏水无纺材料、或塑料膜和无纺材料的层压件。外罩层材料可为透气的,以使水汽从吸收芯逸出同时仍然防止液体穿过。可透气外罩层材料的实施例为多孔聚合膜、纺粘和熔喷层的无纺物层压件以及多孔聚合膜和无纺材料的层压件。优选地,外罩层至少在其面对衣物的表面上包括无纺材料。
“吸收芯”是至少在吸收性物品的裆部区域内位于吸收性物品的两个罩层之间的吸收结构。吸收芯可为任何常规类型。常见的吸收材料的实施例为纤维素绒毛浆、棉纸层、高吸收性聚合物(所谓的超吸收剂)、吸收性泡沫材料、吸收性无纺材料等。在吸收芯内通常将纤维素绒毛浆和超吸收性聚合物结合使用。超吸收性聚合物是能够至少吸收约其自重20倍以上0.9%重量比氯化钠溶液的遇水膨胀、遇水不溶的有机或无机材料。适用做超吸收性材料的有机材料可包括天然材料如多糖、多肽等,以及人造材料如人造水凝胶聚合物。这种水凝胶聚合物包括例如聚丙烯酸的碱金属盐、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡啶等。其它适宜的聚合物包括水解丙烯腈接枝淀粉、丙烯酸接枝淀粉、异丁烯马来酸酐共聚物及其混合物。水凝胶聚合物优选为少许交联的,以使材料基本不溶于水。优选的超吸收性材料还可以是表面交联的,这样超吸收性颗粒、纤维、薄片、球体等的外表面或外壳比其内部的交联密度更高。超吸收性材料可为适用于超吸收性组分中的任何形式,包括颗粒、纤维、薄片、球体等。
使用大量的超吸收性材料可提供极高的液体存储能力。对于包括亲水性纤维如纤维素纤维的基体和超吸收性材料的吸收芯来说,超吸收性材料的比例优选重量比为10~90%,更优选重量比为30~70%。
一般来说,吸收性物品具有的吸收芯包括液体容纳能力、液体分布能力和存储能力特性各异的多层。例如在婴儿尿布和失禁防护品中常见的薄吸收体常常包括纤维素绒毛浆和超吸收聚合物的压紧、混合或层状结构。吸收芯的尺寸和吸收能力根据用途的不同而各异,如用于婴儿或失禁成人。
吸收芯还可包括位于主要吸收体顶部的采集分布层,其适于在排出的液体被主要吸收芯吸收之前快速地容纳和暂时地存储液体。该采集分布层在现有技术中已知并且可由多孔纤维填料或泡沫材料构成。
前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14或其位于吸收芯区域外侧的那些部分可具有与裆部15不同的材料组成。因此根据一个实施例,前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14位于吸收芯区域外侧的区域可例如由具有面对身体的侧面和面对衣物的侧面的层压材料构成,同时液体不可渗透的外罩层和/或液体可透过的内罩层仅存在于吸收芯区域内。在其它实施例中,在前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14中以及在裆部区域15中的内罩层和外罩层是相同的。
全部或部分的前部身体裁片和后部身体裁片可由弹性材料制成。弹性幅材料可为弹性无纺材料、自身无弹性但通过松紧线等被弹性化的无纺材料、由纤维材料的外层和中央的弹性膜层构成的弹性层压件。
前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14沿纵向侧边缘接合从而形成侧接缝19。前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14均可与前部身体裁片或后部身体裁片的面对相对裁片的外罩层18的内罩层17接合。在这种情形下,侧接缝将与前部身体裁片和后部身体裁片在侧接缝中面向内部的相邻部分处于同一平面内,如图8所示。可选地,它们与前部身体裁片和后部身体裁片的面向内部的内罩层接合,其中侧接缝19将从前部身体裁片和后部身体裁片的平面突出。
前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14沿侧接缝19被根据本发明的结合图案4接合,该图案包括第一结合图案5和第二边缘结合图案6。
弹性腰带20沿腰部开口被固定于前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14。弹性腰带20最常见的形式包括被可收紧地附着于材料层如无纺材料之间的细长弹性部件21如松紧线或松紧带弹性化的基本无弹性的无纺材料。可选地,弹性腰带包括弹性无纺物或者弹性膜-无纺物层压件。弹性腰带20通过根据本发明的结合图案4接合于前部身体裁片13和后部身体裁片14。根据本发明的结合图案特别适用于将腰带接合于前部身体裁片和后部身体裁片并且在得到坚固接缝的同时沿接缝边缘的光洁度良好且无突起边缘。
腿部开口12也可被弹性化,所述弹性化通常借助被可收紧地附着于外罩层与内罩层之间的多个弹性部件12a如松紧线来实现。
图9和10示出形为尿布或失禁防护品22的吸收性衣物的实施例,其包括第一身体裁片23和第二身体裁片24以及其间的裆部25。吸收芯26位于裆部25内并且延伸进入第一和第二身体裁片23和24。吸收芯26位于内罩层27与外罩层28之间。内罩层和外罩层以及吸收芯可由上述涉及尿裤的材料制成。该吸收性衣物具有纵向y和横向x。
一对带部件29连接于第二身体裁片24的腰部并且将环绕吸收性衣物穿戴者的腰部缠绕并且由第一紧固装置30如机械紧固件特别是钩-环紧固装置的钩紧固件固定在一起。特别是相对的带部件的外表面包括纤维无纺物时其外表面可作为环部件。
“钩-环紧固件”指的是具有可再固定的“钩”部分和“环”部分的互补的紧固装置。此处使用的术语“钩”指的是能够与另一元件即所谓的“环”部分结合的任何元件。术语“钩”不仅仅局限于“钩”的常规含义,而是包括了任何形式的结合元件,不论是单向还是双向的。术语“环”同样也不仅仅局限于“环”的常规含义,而是包括了能够与“钩”紧固件结合的任何结构。“环”材料的实例是纤维结构,如无纺材料。钩-环紧固件例如可从美国的Velcro购得。
可选地,第一紧固装置30为粘性紧固装置如胶带片,其中相对的带部件29的外表面是可结合于胶带的材料,如WO 01/00129中所述。
带部件29的宽度可为5~20cm,优选7~15cm。带部件29优选由形成带外表面的载体材料和形成带内侧并将与使用者的皮肤直接接触的柔软无纺物的层压件制成。
适宜的无纺材料可为纺粘材料如聚丙烯或聚乙烯纤维。也可使用共轭纤维(conjugate fibres)。其它适宜的无纺材料可由粗梳的热粘合材料如聚丙烯、聚酯或共轭纤维形成。
载体材料应当适于作为紧固装置30的容纳表面。在紧固装置为钩紧固件的情形下,无纺材料可用作载体材料。在紧固装置30为胶带片的情形下,塑料膜适于作为载体材料。
接着,通常为前部身体裁片的第一身体裁片23穿过穿戴者的双腿并且借助位于前部身体裁片23腰部侧边缘处的第二紧固装置31固定于带部件29的外侧。这些第二紧固装置31为机械紧固件如钩紧固件或粘合胶带紧固件。
每个带部件29在其邻近第一身体裁片24的近端处具有弹性区域29a。所述弹性区域29a可为弹性幅材料如弹性膜、弹性无纺物、弹性层压件等。该弹性层压件可为两层或更多层无纺物层、两层或更多层膜层、或者膜层与无纺物层的组合之间的层压件。
适于形成所述弹性区域29a的弹性层压件的实例可为任何现有技术已知的弹性层压件。一类弹性层压件是所谓的“拉伸结合”层压件,其中弹性层在与一层或多层非弹性层层压之前至少在一个方向上被拉伸。当从弹性层上去除拉力之后,它可自由地收缩至其未拉伸状态,并且层压至其上的非弹性层皱折在一起,形成三维褶皱。
另一类弹性层压件是所谓的“颈缩结合(neck bonded)”层压件,其中在非弹性部件在减少其宽度或被颈缩的条件下延伸的同时弹性材料被结合至非弹性材料。“颈缩结合层压件”指的是至少具有两层的复合材料,其中一层为颈缩的非弹性层而另一层为弹性层。当非弹性层处于拉长状态时这两层被接合在一起。
再一类弹性层压件例如在WO/047488中公开,其中非弹性无纺物层被层压至弹性膜层,并且层压件被拉伸到无纺物材料的断裂点之上,因此非弹性层断裂。
弹性层压件的实例在EP-B-0 646 062、WO 98/29251、WO 03/000165和US-A-5,226,992中有描述。可商业购得的弹性层压件的实例是来自Tredegar的Fabriflex 306和来自Nordenia的PK6358。
弹性区域29a优选具有在下述弹性测试中测得的至少30%的弹性。
可选地,弹性区域29a包括可收紧地附着于幅材料层之间的一个或多个松紧线或松紧带。
在一个可选实施例中,仅有一个带部件29具有弹性区域29a。
腰部弹性部件32沿每个身体裁片23和24的腰部的至少一部分以横向x延伸。腰部弹性部件可为弹性幅材料如弹性层压件、弹性膜等,其在内罩层与外罩层之间可收紧地连接于外罩层的外侧或内罩层的面对穿戴者的一侧。可选地,它包括可收紧地附着于外罩层与内罩层之间的两个或多个松紧线或松紧带。
腿部开口也被弹性化,所述弹性化通常通过可收紧地附着于外罩层与内罩层之间的多个弹性部件33如松紧线完成。
弹性区域29a通过本发明的结合图案4被结合于各个带部件10和/或第一身体裁片24侧边缘。
弹性测试
本方法测定弹性材料在重复的加载和卸载循环中是如何表现的。样品被拉伸至预定伸长度并且在0与所述预定伸长度之间进行周期性移动。记录优选的加载和卸载力。测定松弛后的材料的永久即剩余伸长度。
使用能够进行周期性移动并且配备有打印机/绘图机或显示软件的拉力试验机Lloyd LRX。通过将样品切割为25mm的宽度和优选比拉力试验机中夹具之间的距离大20mm的长度来制备样品。
拉力试验机根据仪器说明书进行校准。试验所需的参数(加载和卸载力)被调节为:
·十字头速度:500mm/min
·夹具距离:50mm
·预加载:0.05N
根据记号将样品置于夹具内,并且确保样品在夹具被垂直地对中和紧固。启动拉力试验机进行0与预定伸长度(等于限定为最高的第一负载)之间的三个循环。在最后的循环中,将样品放松1分钟,接着拉伸样品至检测到0.1N的力就测定永久伸长度并且读出该伸长度。
放松后的永久伸长度应当小于10%并且通过上述方法进行测定。因此30%的弹性被定义为幅材料在上述拉力试验机中被施加30%伸长度后应当具有小于10%的松弛后永久伸长度。30%的伸长度意味着伸长至比样品初始长度长30%的长度。
尽管仅详述了本发明结合图案的两个实施例和结合图案应用的数个实施例,本领域技术人员应当了解,可对于结合图案的构型及其应用可作出多种改进。

Claims (31)

1.一种个人护理吸收性物品中的接缝,该个人护理吸收性物品包括吸收结构(16;26)以及第一和第二幅材料,所述第一和第二幅材料包括可热熔材料并由结合图案(4)接合在一起,该第一幅材料(1)的侧边缘(1a)与第二幅材料(2)的侧边缘(2a)重叠,其中重叠部分(3)形成于所述第一和第二幅材料重叠处,在所述重叠部分(3)处的所述第一和第二幅材料被结合设备以在重叠部分(3)的至少一部分上延伸的所述结合图案(4)进行结合以形成所述接缝,其中所述第一和第二幅材料前进穿过结合设备,所述重叠部分具有由所述第一和第二幅材料的所述重叠侧边缘(1a,2a)限定的一对纵向侧边缘,所述结合图案(4)具有由结合图案(4)外限边际限定的宽度(w),其中所述结合图案(4)包括沿重叠部分(3)的至少一部分以纵向延伸的第一结合图案(5),以及沿着并邻近所述重叠部分(3)的至少一个所述侧边缘(1a,2a)的至少一部分以纵向延伸的至少一个第二结合图案(6),所述第一结合图案和第二结合图案每个都包括以重复模式彼此间隔的多个结合元件(5a,6a),其特征在于,所述第二结合图案(6)的结合面积占据第一结合图案(5)的结合面积和第二结合图案(6)的结合面积总和的至少50%,第一结合图案(5)的结合元件(5a)的平均面积为第二结合图案(6)的结合元件(6a)的平均面积的至少2倍,并且从接缝横向上看,结合图案(4)的接触面积为在沿结合图案(4)长度的任何指定点处结合图案(4)宽度(w)的10~30%,其中接触面积是沿接缝横向看结合设备与各幅材料之间的接触面积的加权平均值,并且,所述个人护理吸收性物品为裤状衣物,其包括第一身体裁片(13)、第二身体裁片(14)和位于其间的裆部(15),所述第一和第二身体裁片被接合在一起以形成所述个人护理吸收性物品的侧接缝(19),且所述第一和第二身体裁片设有弹性腰带(20),其中所述第一和/或第二身体裁片用作所述第一幅材料,且所述弹性腰带用作所述第二幅材料并以重叠方式被接合于第一和/或第二身体裁片以形成所述接缝。
2.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,该结合设备为超声熔接设备或热结合设备。
3.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,第二结合图案(6)的结合面积占据由组合的第一和第二结合图案(5,6)占据的总结合面积的至少60%。
4.如权利要求1或3所述的接缝,其特征在于,第二结合图案(6)的结合面积不大于由组合的第一和第二结合图案(5,6)占据的总结合面积的75%。
5.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,第一结合图案(5)的每个结合元件(5a)的平均结合元件面积都为第二结合图案(6)的结合元件(6a)的平均结合元件面积的至少2.5倍。
6.如权利要求5所述的接缝,其特征在于,第一结合图案(5)的每个结合元件(5a)的平均结合元件面积都为第二结合图案(6)的结合元件(6a)的平均结合元件面积的至少3倍。
7.如权利要求5所述的接缝,其特征在于,第一结合图案(5)的每个结合元件(5a)的平均结合元件面积都为第二结合图案(6)的结合元件(6a)的平均结合元件面积的至少4倍。
8.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,第二结合图案(6)的每个结合元件的结合元件面积不大于4mm2
9.如权利要求8所述的接缝,其特征在于,第二结合图案(6)的每个结合元件的结合元件面积不大于3mm2
10.如权利要求8所述的接缝,其特征在于,第二结合图案(6)的每个结合元件的结合元件面积不大于2mm2
11.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,从接缝横向上看,结合图案(4)的接触面积为在沿结合图案(4)长度的任何指定点处结合图案(4)宽度(w)的10~25%。
12.如权利要求11所述的接缝,其特征在于,从接缝横向上看,结合图案(4)的接触面积为在沿结合图案(4)长度的任何指定点处结合图案(4)宽度(w)的13~20%。
13.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,第二结合图案(6)的结合元件(6a)为每个都具有不大于2mm2的平均面积的小结合元件,所述结合元件被设置为至少两个纵排,其中结合元件相对于相邻排的结合元件以错位关系排列,并且其中第二结合图案中结合元件的数量为每平方厘米8~50个。
14.如权利要求13所述的接缝,其特征在于,第一结合图案(5)的结合元件(5a)被设置为至少两个纵排,其中结合元件彼此错位排列并且从横向来看相对于第二结合图案(6)的结合元件(6a)偏离。
15.如权利要求14所述的接缝,其特征在于,第一结合图案(5)中结合元件的数量为每平方厘米4~25个。
16.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,第二结合图案(6)的结合元件是圆形的。
17.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,第一结合图案(5)的结合元件是圆形的。
18.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,所述结合图案(4)包括分别位于第一结合图案(5)两侧上的两个第二结合图案(6)。
19.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,横向上的重叠部分(3)的宽度为5~40mm。
20.如权利要求19所述的接缝,其特征在于,横向上的重叠部分(3)的宽度为选6~20mm。
21.如权利要求19所述的接缝,其特征在于,结合图案(4)的宽度(w)为5~40mm。
22.如权利要求21所述的接缝,其特征在于,结合图案(4)的宽度(w)为6~20mm。
23.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,所述第一结合图案(5)具有至少2%且不大于60%的结合密度,所述结合密度是相对于包括结合元件之间的非结合面积的结合图案所限定的整个面积而言结合元件占用的面积。
24.如权利要求23所述的接缝,其特征在于,所述第一结合图案(5)具有至少2%且不大于40%的结合密度。
25.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,所述第二结合图案(6)具有5~60%的结合密度,所述结合密度是相对于包括结合元件之间的非结合面积的结合图案所限定的整个面积而言结合元件占用的面积。
26.如权利要求25所述的接缝,其特征在于,所述第二结合图案(6)具有10~50%的结合密度。
27.如权利要求23或25所述的接缝,其特征在于,所述第二结合图案(6)的结合密度比第一结合图案(5)更高。
28.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,在所述重叠部分(3)内所述第一和第二幅材料(1,2)的组合单位织物重量为25~130g/m2
29.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,所述第一和第二幅材料(1,2)中至少一个为弹性材料。
30.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,接缝与被接合在一起的所述第一和第二幅材料(1,2)位于同一平面内。
31.如权利要求1所述的接缝,其特征在于,所述第一和第二身体裁片通过所述结合图案(4)以重叠方式被接合在一起以形成所述侧接缝(19)。
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US8449519B2 (en) 2013-05-28
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EP2231095A4 (en) 2013-08-28
US20100268183A1 (en) 2010-10-21
EP2231095B1 (en) 2015-07-08
BRPI0722347A2 (pt) 2014-03-18
JP5155411B2 (ja) 2013-03-06
AR069918A1 (es) 2010-03-03
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