CN101130925B - 耐久防水机织织物的褶边、边缘、补缀和接缝的制作方法 - Google Patents

耐久防水机织织物的褶边、边缘、补缀和接缝的制作方法 Download PDF

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CN101130925B
CN101130925B CN200710147923XA CN200710147923A CN101130925B CN 101130925 B CN101130925 B CN 101130925B CN 200710147923X A CN200710147923X A CN 200710147923XA CN 200710147923 A CN200710147923 A CN 200710147923A CN 101130925 B CN101130925 B CN 101130925B
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fabric
seam
laminate patch
adhesive strip
layer
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CN101130925A (zh
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里克·福勒
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
    • A41D27/24—Hems; Seams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
    • A41D27/24—Hems; Seams
    • A41D27/245—Hems; Seams made by welding or gluing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
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    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/02—Layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
    • A41D31/102—Waterproof and breathable
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    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明公开了经防水处理的机织织物的褶边、边缘、补缀和接缝及其制作方法。在本发明的实施方案中，两片防水织物间的叠层接缝包括至少部分地叠放在内部材料上的外部材料及放置在材料重叠部分间的迭片条。该内部材料和外部材料同一方向放置，并包括经防水和/或防污化学物质处理的织物外层及包含诸如聚氨酯等的聚合物膜。该迭片条包括与该内部材料的外层接触的内层。该底部包括一层或多层低熔点高流速的粘合体系，其能渗入并包围内部材料的外层机织织物中的纤维。该迭片条也包括与外部材料内层接触的顶层。该迭片条的顶层是薄而有弹性并对聚氨酯有较强粘合性的高度耐磨损材料。该迭片条的各层粘合到叠层材料的相邻层上，从而产生高强度的叠层接缝。

Description

耐久防水机织织物的褶边、边缘、补缀和接缝的制作方法
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及一种经防水或防污处理的机织织物，特别涉及这种织物的褶边、边缘、补缀和接缝及其制作方法。
相关技术说明
现有技术中用于户外衣物或其它物品的机织织物通常经过处理以使织物能够防水和/或防污(本文中统称为“防水”)。例如，可将某些织物用硅树脂浸渍。防水机织织物具有显著的优点。然而，经防水处理的织物同时也有一些缺点。最明显的是织物经防水处理后，在排斥水的同时也排斥液体粘合剂，而不论粘合剂在环境温度下为液态还是温度升高后是可以熔化的粘合剂。因此，发现一种用于将补缀、接缝密封带以及其它材料粘合到防水机织织物外表面的方法已经成为户外织物工业中的重要课题。
防水物品通常分为两类：具有防水外层的物品；具有用防水机织织物覆盖的蒸汽渗透膜的物品。第一类物品通常包括雨衣、雨布及类似物品，并使用一体外层，例如使用固有地具有防水性能的PVC。由于外层实际上是一体的，并且材料通常被熔接而不是缝合，因而这种物品可以真正地做到防水。然而，由于同样的原因，这种材料会很沉重并且在寒冷的天气时会变得坚硬。此外，这种物品不能使水蒸汽从物品中散出来，从而因水蒸汽在内部冷凝会产生不适。
第二种物品，例如目前知名的GORE-TEX织物，其由防水的外层机织织物和防水但透气的内膜构成。例如当一个人穿着这种上衣进行训练时，上衣内的水分会增加，而内膜允许水蒸汽通过。水蒸汽通过这个膜散出来，从而减少或防止在上衣内部冷凝，这可使人体感觉更加干燥和温暖。外层机织织物可防止内层的物理损伤，并防止膜被饱和。如果膜的外表面被水饱和，那么水本身就会妨碍水汽通过膜。因此，保持膜的外表面干燥是非常重要的。因而外部防水织物可防止水通过其进入并储留到内膜。此外，例如当枝状物或其它物品从材料上划过时，这种织物具有抗撕拉性。总之，织物层不仅能抗磨损而且能防止水进入物品，同时还能允许水蒸汽从物品中散发出来。
由于工业上还没有发明能够粘合防水机织织物外表面并为多种纺织品提供坚固、柔软、轻质和耐久粘合的粘合剂，因此所有这些第二类产品通常都需经缝合，例如在织物的边缘、在拉链或其它物品与织物连接的接缝处或口袋处都需要缝合。但更为重要的是，为防止织物边缘磨损，工业上通常采用折叠边缘并将其缝合的办法。缝合可在本应该防水的物品上产生无数漏孔，每个小孔都能使水穿过材料的各层。即使在这些地方使用粘合剂，例如Liukko的美国专利第4,604,152号中所述的粘合剂，但是仍需要在织物的边缘进行缝合以防止磨损。在少数毛边不加以处理的情况下，这将存在很大的磨损隐患，从而极大地限制了织物的选择或缩短了衣物表面可接受的寿命。
为解决缝合问题，工业上开发了用于接缝内部的胶带。然而因为胶带和粘合剂的种类必须与特定的内部表面材料相匹配，并且使用这种胶带时需要严格地控制时间、温度和压力，所以这种内部接缝密封胶带的使用麻烦而且昂贵。此外，这种多层胶粘的接缝及背面的接缝显著增加了最终产品的重量、硬度和成本。由于大多数这类物品用于户外运动或竞技中，因此物品重量和硬度的增加是所不希望的。
此外，出于功能性目的原因，这类物品的重量和体积不断降低，所以表层表面纤维量降低的这类物品目前更加容易受到磨损或其它损伤。
发明概要
本发明涉及一种经防水和/或防污化学物质处理的机织织物，该机织织物至少部分地被迭片补缀覆盖。该迭片补缀包括与经处理的机织织物外层接触的底部。该底部包括粘合体系，该粘合体系含有低熔点高流速并能渗入和包围材料外层的织物纤维中的纤维的粘合剂。该底部还可含有能增强渗透和粘合强度的底漆/粘合剂复合物。
该补缀可制成覆盖材料边缘的形状，如褶边或兜盖的形状，以满足防止磨损和/或分层的需要。该迭片补缀还能被制成放置在诸如上衣的肘部等机织材料容易受到较重磨损部位的形状。
该补缀的底部可渗入并包围织物材料的纤维，从而该迭片补缀粘合到材料上，并可防止该迭片补缀与材料分层和/或材料的磨损。此外，该迭片补缀还为材料的粘合部位提供额外的抗磨损能力。该迭片条的顶层为薄、有弹性、高度抗磨损的材料。在本发明特定的实施方案中，诸如钩和/或环状补缀等可粘合到迭片补缀的上部。因该迭片补缀未做与织物材料相同的处理，因此这些外部补缀可通过传统的粘合剂粘合到迭片补缀上。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及防水机织织物的无缝线接缝及其制作方法。该织物包括经防水和/或防污化学物质处理的机织织物外层及含有诸如聚氨酯等聚合物的内层。
在一个特定的实施方案中，该顶层材料至少部分叠放在底层材料上且将迭片条放置在材料的重叠部分之间而形成叠层接缝。该顶层和底层材料的外层朝向一致。该迭片条的底部与底层材料的外层接触。该迭片条底部含有低熔点、高流速并能渗入和包围底部材料外层的织物纤维中的纤维的粘合剂。该迭片条也包括与顶层材料的内层接触的顶层。该迭片条的顶层是一种对聚氨酯有很强粘合作用的薄而有弹性的材料。该迭片条的两层与重叠材料的相邻层粘合，从而形成牢固的叠层接缝。在本发明特定的实施方案中，一个或两个迭片条也可充分地渗入到材料中，以防止材料边缘的分层和/或磨损。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及在经防水和/或防污化学物质处理的两片机织织物之间被迭片条覆盖的接缝。该接缝可用上述的迭片条来粘合，也可用缝合或本领域中任何其它通常能够理解的方法来形成。该迭片条的底部粘合到防水机织织物上，并覆盖接缝中的任何缝线，从而可防止水从缝线孔中进入并防止材料边缘的磨损。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，诸如拉链等附件可通过迭片条粘合到经防水或防污化学物质处理的机织材料的边缘。该迭片条可有效地防止材料边缘的磨损和/或分层，同时将附件加强地粘合到材料的边缘。
本发明还涉及这种补缀、边缘和接缝的制作方法。
附图简要说明
图1是本发明一个实施方案中衣物类物品的一部分的立体图。
图2是图1中衣物类物品的褶边沿2-2的剖视图。
图3是图1中衣物类物品的接缝沿3-3的剖视图。
图4是图1中衣物类物品的另一接缝沿4-4的剖视图。
图5是图1中衣物类物品的拉链沿5-5的剖视图。
图6是图1中衣物类物品的扣件沿6-6的剖视图。
图7为本发明一个特定的实施方案中与包括防水外纤维层和内膜层的层状材料接触的迭片条粘合前的剖视图。
图8是图7中层状材料和迭片条粘合后的剖视图。
图9为现有技术中与包括防水外纤维层的层状材料粘合的粘合剂的剖视图。
图10是本发明的一个实施方案中带有包裹边缘的叠层接缝的截面图。
图11是本发明的一个实施方案中为进一步防止磨损和/或分层，带有与其固定的迭片条的叠层接缝的截面图。
图12是本发明的一个实施方案中带有固定到其外层的迭片补缀的缝合的叠层接缝的截面图。
图13为本发明的另一个实施方案中带有内迭片补缀的覆盖的叠层接缝的截面图。
图14是本发明的另一个实施方案中带有内外迭片补缀的缝合的叠层接缝的截面图。
图15为本发明的另一个实施方案中带有外迭片补缀的缝合对接的接缝的截面图。
图16为本发明另一个实施方案中覆盖在叠层接缝上的升高或突出的缝线上的迭片补缀的截面图。
图17为本发明另一个实施方案中覆盖层状防水材料外织物层的一部分的迭片补缀的截面图。
图18为本发明另一个实施方案中覆盖层状防水材料边缘部分的迭片补缀的截面图。
图19为本发明另一个实施方案中被迭片条所包裹的层状防水材料边缘的截面图。
图20为本发明另一实施方案中通过层状防水材料的开口的截面图，其中该层状防水材料包括织物外层和由迭片补缀制成的内外贴片。
图21为本发明另一个实施方案中通过层状防水材料的另一个开口的截面图，其中该层状防水材料包括织物外层和由迭片补缀制成的相互连接的内外贴片。
图22为本发明另一个实施方案中被迭片条包裹的层状防水材料缝合褶边的截面图。
图23为本发明另一个实施方案中固定到层状防水材料的外织物层的迭片补缀沿图1中的23-23的剖视图，其中迭片补缀上还粘合有钩和/或环状材料。
图24为本发明某一特定方法中接缝制作第一步的截面图。
图25为本发明某一特定方法中接缝制作第二步的横截面图。
图26为按照本发明某一特定方法形成的未被覆盖的接缝的截面图。
图27为按照本发明某一特定方法形成的被覆盖的接缝的截面图。
图28为本发明可选择的实施方案中迭片材料的截面图。
图29为被图28中的迭片材料所密封的拉链的一边和衣物一部分的截面图。
图30为被图28中的迭片材料所密封的另一条拉链的一边和衣物一部分的截面图。
图31为被图28中的迭片材料所密封的衣物褶边的截面图。
发明详细说明
本发明涉及经防水和/或防污化学物质处理的机织织物的褶边、边缘、补缀和接缝及其制作方法。本发明的实施方案使得由这种材料制作的物品(如衣物)不用缝合就可粘合，并能防止水通过这类物品，同时具有优异的抗磨损性。本发明某些实施方案的具体细节将在下面的说明书中和图1-31中阐明，从而可全面彻底地理解这些实施方案。然而，本领域所属技术人员可以理解本发明可以包括其它的实施方案，或者在没有下面说明中的某些细节的情况下也可实施。
图1阐明本发明一个实施方案中衣物类物品100的一部分。本发明人认为，该物品100也可以是其它形式的衣物，例如裤子，或其它形式的产品，如帐篷、雨伞或其它众多种类的物品。这里的物品100仅用于说明的目的。
此物品包括由层状的防水织物所成的第一织物块102、由层状的防水织物所成的第二织物块104及由层状的防水织物所成的第三织物块106。该第一织物块102在第一接缝108处与该第二织物块104相接，该第一织物块102和该第二织物块104在第二接缝110处与该第三织物块106相接。拉链112沿位于该第一织物块102和该第三织物块106中的开口安置。因此，在该拉链112的第一端114处，该第一织物块102的织物与该拉链的两侧相接，而在该拉链的第二端116处，该第三织物块106的一部分与该拉链的两侧相接。褶边118沿着该第一织物块102的一个边缘形成。此外，扣件120与该第一织物块102的另一边缘相接。该扣件120可以是另一个拉链的半边或其它任何合适的扣件。
图2表明该第一织物块102边缘中褶边118的剖视图。如图所示，该第一织物块102是多层的防水织物，其包括经防水化学处理的机织织物外层122和本领域内通常所用的可与该外层粘合的膜内层124。该第二织物块104和该第三织物块106可由相似的多层织物制作。
迭片条126位于该褶边118中，并可使该第一织物块102与其对折部分保持固定关系。该迭片条126由顶层128和与其粘合的底部130组成，该顶层128可以是对于聚氨酯、含聚氨酯的涂层和迭片制品具有很强粘合性的薄且有弹性的高度抗磨损材料。所以，该顶层128可以与用作该第一织物块102的多层防水织物的内层124及其它织物块很好地粘接。
该底部130是在活化时具有低熔点、高流速的粘合体系，其可渗入并包围织物中的纤维束，从而与其本身形成聚合物粘合。当该粘合体系中的成分被活化时，其可克制防水织物经处理的纤维的防水和/或防污特性，因此如下面所详细说明的那样，该底部130能够与诸如该第一织物块102或其它织物块等的多层防水织物的外层122形成强力粘合。
该顶层128和该底部130在通常条件下相互保持很强的粘合强度。因此，该顶层128和该底部130的组合对于将一片多层防水织物与另一片多层防水织物粘合起来极其有效。
在所示的实施方案中，该迭片条126是聚合物条，其中该顶层128厚为0.075mm，该底部130厚0.10mm。其具体材料型号为T023，通常可从英国的Ardmel Group购得。该顶层128的材料可以是聚氨酯，该底部130的材料可以是橡胶、蜡和溶剂的混合物。在可选择的实施方案中，该底部130可由二组分的粘合体系组成：含橡胶、蜡和固体的底漆；随同引物进入经处理的纤维中的共聚酯，它们共同与经处理的纤维形成深入较强的粘合。在阅读此说明书后，本领域所属技术人员会认识到，许多成分和成分组合物都适于作为替代品。相似地，该顶层128的厚度可以是0.020mm～0.250mm，该底部130的厚度可以是0.025mm～0.250mm。此外，也可在该褶边边缘上放置其它的迭片条，从而防止织物因磨损形成的较弱层压和严重脱屑。
图3和图4分别表明该第一接缝108和该第二接缝110。在图3中，该第一织物块102叠放在该第二织物块104之上，在图4中，该第三织物块106叠放在该第一织物块之上。该第二织物块104的外层标号为122’，而该第三织物块106的外层标号为122”。在这两个叠层接缝中，该第一织物块102的内层124与该迭片条126的顶层138粘合。该迭片条126的底部130分别与外层122’和外层122”粘合。层与层间的粘合强度足以抵抗通常条件下受到的外力，并且在循环使用和洗涤后仍能保持持久的粘合。
在图3中，该叠层接缝被附加的迭片条126’所包裹。该附加的迭片条126’从该第一织物块102的外层122’延伸到该第二织物块104的外层122”。该附加的迭片条126’的底层130’与两个外层122/122’粘合。该附加的迭片条126’不但能对该叠层接缝提供附加强度，而且由于第一织物块102叠放在第二织物块104上形成的突起表面使磨损加剧，其又可有效地抵抗这种磨损。该附加的迭片条126’的顶层128’对于户外设备所经受的不可避免的磨损有足够的持久耐用性。
图5为本发明所示的实施方案中拉链112的剖视图。拉链带132的每一半缝合到第一织物块102的边缘，并在拉链带的两半之间形成开口。两个迭片条126沿着拉链112并排延伸，并且相互邻接而将该拉链封闭并与外界隔开。每个迭片条126的底层130与该第一织物块102的外层122粘合。可以理解，该拉链112可采用如图6所示的扣件120来制造，而不用缝合，或采用本领域所属技术人员通常可以知道和可行的其它方法来制造。
图6表明与该迭片条126的底部130粘合的该扣件120的一半。该迭片条126的顶层128与该第一织物块102的内层124粘合。该扣件120可以是拉链或其它适合的扣件。与上述所讨论的相似，该扣件120也可以利用缝合而与该第一织物块102的边缘相接，并用附加的迭片条126来密封。
图7和图8进一步表明迭片条126和例如该第一织物块102那样的多层防水织物。图7表明与该第一织物块102粘合之前的迭片条126，而图8表明粘合后的混合态。在图7中，该迭片条126的底层130被压在该第一织物块102的织物外层122上。
为了使所示的迭片条126与该第一织物块102连接，在该迭片条的顶层128上加压加热。如图8所示，在180℃下对该迭片条126进行10秒钟的热压足以产生牢固的粘合。本发明者认为如下面的实施例中所述的那样可使用其它的时间和温度。从图8中可以看到，该底部130已经熔化并具有足以穿过纤维134的高流速，从而可对抗用以处理纤维的防水化学物质的斥力。根据所用的温度、压力、时间以及纤维的选择，发现底部130的材料可基本上渗入到纤维134中，并在某些情况下可完全渗入到该内层124，从而产生防水接缝。当在粘合体系中使用附加的共聚酯层时，加热的共聚酯随同加热的底部130深入到纤维134中，从而在该迭片条126与织物间提供附加的粘合强度。
制作实施例I
顶部覆盖的叠层接缝
A.)使用适当的PU层压防水织物，通过在欲连接的织物边缘的上表面预置Ardmel T023黑色迭片条，使用Ardmel Mk.6旋转气动接缝封焊机(购于Ardmel Automation，Glenrothes，Fife.U.K.)在4bar压力、360℃气温、3.5米/分钟的供给速度下，得到接缝；随后将上层的织物放到上述预置的条带之上，形成叠层接缝，细微可见的边缘为0.25-1.0mm；另一个Ardmel T023条带放置在接缝边缘的中心之上，形成对接缝边缘的覆盖层。将此复合体用平板式ElectroSeal Versa密封气压机在180℃、40psi的汽缸压力下压制12秒。
如本申请所要求优先权的临时申请(即2002年1月4日提交的临时专利申请第60/345,757号，在此引入以其全文作为参考)所提供的实验总结所示，当按这种方法使用多种能够与织物及应用相匹配的条带而制作的接缝被用来替代缝合或缝合与粘合接缝条带而制作的接缝时，可使衣物呈现前所未有的轻质重量、柔韧(有助于舒适)、小体积、延展性和剥离强度、耐磨损以及防水性。
B.)使用普通的Ardmel Mk.6接缝封条机预置上述的T023迭片材料后，然后在操作中使用改进的Ardmel Mk.6接缝封条机完成随后的连接和顶部的贴边，从而可制作相似的接缝，其中在组装时改进的Ardmel Mk.6接缝封条机使用第二水平方向的热空气扩散管而在叠层接缝的底层和顶层间输送热量。这种改进的机器使用了织物引导组件使这些层相互之间的位置关系正确，并能自动展平卷曲的T023或相似的顶部覆盖材料。此机器以4米/分钟、480℃管热、80psi的汽缸压力运行。
制作实施例II
无覆盖的抗磨损边缘
Ardmel T023贴边条带具有明显包围和粘合纤维的能力，特别适用于非常需要织物边缘外观的情况下，其也优选用于具有耐久抗磨损特性的最终物中。
在此实施例中，使用Ardmel Mk.6接缝密封机将13mm T023条带与叠层接缝底部边缘齐平放置，顶部织物层的表面向下，并距离第一织物块的边缘10mm，在4bar压力、360℃气温和3.5米/分钟的供给速度下预置T023条带。随后翻转顶层织物形成叠层接缝，使用T023作为“铰合链”。使用平板式ElectroSeal Versa密封气压机在180℃、40psi汽缸压力下将接缝加压12秒。
制好的叠层接缝包括沿叠层接缝边缘能看到的T023条带粘合层的暴露细带，同时粘合剂进入到顶部织物边缘的相邻纤维中，从而提供很好的抗磨损性。
制作实施例III
在此实施例中，Ardmel T014透明聚合物迭片粘合到易磨损的小提花织物表面。这种织物防磨损部分的表面包括直接置于其表面上并被硅树脂防粘纸覆盖的T014材料的叠层。在180℃下通过手动控制随机压力将此组件插入到40psi汽缸压力的平板式ElectroSeal Versa密封气压机中12秒，并移开，再将其冷却。由附图可见，粘合剂的渗透足以“浸湿”并包围纤维束，同时消除了其内部大部分折射光，而现有技术的实施例中没有显示如此显著的浸湿现象。这些织物/聚合物合成物的截面图表明T014已经完全嵌入到纤维中，并且基本上消除了切边处的磨损，而现有技术中的粘合剂通过对截面的切割作用而被拉走，并容易磨损边缘。
这种成功是非常惊人的，尤其是考虑到在过去的十多年来，工业上一直在试图开发一种能够渗透到已经用防水和/或防污化学物质处理的纤维中的胶带。如图9所示，如果使用现有技术的粘合剂A，通常也只能渗入到外层122的部分纤维中。
本发明实施方案与现有技术中的粘合剂和粘合胶带比较，具有许多优点。首先，本发明中的迭片条能够粘合经防水和/或防污化学物质处理的机织织物外层。因此，在标准户外产品的使用寿命中，迭片条不会分离或分层。此外，在改进的ASTM接缝抗拉实验中，迭片条的抗拉力超过801b。而且，通过在织物外部使用迭片条制作的补缀具有超过未覆盖的原料边缘的20-300倍的抗磨性，并超过基本织物多倍。此外，迭片条还具有防水性，在超过2psi的工业标准中能持续2分钟防止水的进入。
图10-23所示为本发明中的一些可选择的实施方案。图10表明第一织物块202的一部分与第二织物块206的一部分形成叠层接缝。第一织物块202的边缘被第一迭片条226包裹，而第二织物块被第二迭片条226’包裹。迭片条226/226’的内层230/230’与第一和第二织物块202/206接触，以防止织物块剥离或磨损。外层228/228’相互接触，并粘合在一起确保叠层接缝的功能。
图11所示的是另一种可选择的叠层接缝的实施方案，其中第一织物块202的一部分与第二织物块206的一部分相接。在这种特殊的结构中，迭片补缀232/232’的内层分别与经处理的织物块202/206的外层纤维相接，同时下迭片补缀232’的外层与外层织物块202的内部膜层相接。迭片补缀232/232’的内层可渗入到织物块202/206的纤维中，以防止织物层的磨损或分层。
图12所示的是一种缝合的叠层接缝，其中第一织物块202叠放并缝合在第二织物块206上。迭片条234固定在织物块202/206的外表面，并延伸覆盖接缝和缝线，以防止上织物块202的磨损和分层，同时防止从接缝或沿缝线渗水。
图13所示是一种叠层接缝，其中将第一迭片条238固定于织物块202/206的外层，并从外测延伸覆盖接缝，第二迭片条238’固定于织物块202/206的内层，并从内侧延伸覆盖接缝，第三迭片条238’’将织物块202/206粘合在一起。第一和第二迭片条238/238’独立地起到防止液体穿过密封的双重接缝的效果。
图14所示为缝合形式的接缝，除了使用三个迭片条240/240’/240”外，还使用缝合线242。如果织物的应用需要使用极强的接缝，那么这种接缝可满足要求。内侧和外测迭片条240/240’可独立地防止水从接缝处通过，并可防止水沿缝合线通过。
图15所示的是对接的接缝，其中第一织物块202和第二织物块206通过缝合线246连接。迭片条244固定于接缝的外表面，来防止水从接缝本身或由缝合线244产生的孔中通过。
图16所示的是缝合的叠层接缝，其中第一织物块202和第二织物块206通过升高的或突出的缝合线248来连接。迭片条248固定于接缝和缝合线248之上，来防止水从织物或缝合线中通过。
图17所示为其上固定有迭片补缀252的织物块202的截面图。根据补缀252的用途和位置，迭片条252可以是任何需要或适宜的规则或不规则的形状。例如，为增加织物块202的抗磨损性，补缀252可置于高磨损区。补缀252也可置于将要固定硬物或其它附件的区域，从而补缀252提供了未做防水处理的基础，以促进附件与织物块202的粘合。
图18所示为其上固定有迭片条254的织物块202的边缘。迭片条254与织物块202粘合，并充分地渗入到织物中，来防止边缘的磨损和分层。
图19所示为被迭片条256所包裹的织物块202的边缘。迭片条254与织物块202粘合，并从两侧充分地渗入到织物中，来防止边缘的磨损和分层。
图20所示为织物块202中的开口257和环绕这个孔的内外两块贴片258/260。贴片258/260为开口257提供了附加的强度和结构，防止水渗入织物块202中，并防止织物块在开口处的磨损。
图21所示的是织物块202的另一开口261和环绕这个孔的内外两块贴片262/264。贴片262/264为开口261提供了附加的强度和结构，防止水渗入织物块202中，并防止开口处的磨损或分层。
图22所示为织物块202的经缝合的褶边，其中褶边用缝合线268缝合，并被折叠的迭片条266包裹。迭片条266可防止织物磨损或分层并且可防止折叠的织物边缘过早磨损。
图23所示为其上固定有迭片条270的织物块202的截面图。根据补缀的用途和位置，迭片补缀270可以是任何需要或适宜的规则或不规则的形状。普通粘合背面的钩环状材料部分可固定到补缀270的外表面。互补的钩环状材料的相似补缀可固定到产品的匹配部分，或固定到其它产品上，从而使材料能暂时地相互固定。
图24到图26所示为本发明接缝制作的其它可能方法。图24所示的是这种方法的第一步，其中层状防水织物的上部202置于层状防水织物的下部206上，同时下部突出于上部。上部202的外层向下放置(即其外表面与下层206的外表面背对放置)。迭片条274分别放置在织物的边缘之上，并从上部202延伸到下部206。通过上述方法中的一种可将迭片条274粘合到两片织物上。
在图24所示的步骤之后，上部202向远离下部206的方向折叠，从而产生如图25所示的结构。这时外部202的外表面与内部206的外表面的朝向一致。迭片条274至少部分地在自身上折叠，并从远离下部206边缘的方向突出于上部202。
随后对图25结构中的接缝进行附加时间的加压。附加的加压引起迭片条274的粘合层熔化，从而粘合剂进入上部202的织物中，并沿着下部206进入。附加加压之后的接缝显示在图26中。最终的接缝具有非常好的防水性和强度。
图27所示的是一种加在用图24-26所示的步骤制作的接缝上的可能补充步骤。在接缝被初步制作完成后，将另一个迭片条275放置在初始接缝顶部，并通过上述常用的方法固定到接缝上。两个迭片条274/275的联合使用增加了接缝的强度。此外，第一迭片条274的底部276粘合前处于暴露状态，并有可能吸附布绒、灰尘或其它碎屑，而现在被第二块迭片条275包裹。完成的接缝被第二块迭片条275的顶层277覆盖，从而不易黏附碎屑并抗磨损。根据用户要求，可在任何特定衣物上使用图26或图27中的接缝。
图28-31所示为本发明各种其它的可选择实施方案。总体来讲，这些实施方案在本发明的粘合体系中加入了一层共聚酯附加层。当上述粘合体系进入耐久防水织物的纤维中时，加热的共聚酯与随之进入。共聚酯可在织物与迭片条间产生较强粘合，这在某些情况下是十分有用的。
图28所示为迭片条375的截面图，其通常包括与上述类似的粘合体系376和边界层377。然而，在所示的实施方案中，粘合体系376由底部379和中间层378构成。底部379可与上述实施方案中的底部相同。中间层378含有共聚酯材料。
图29和30显示了两种可能的结构，其中本发明实施方案中的迭片条375可沿着衣物的边缘或褶边使用。在所示的特定实施方案中，拉链320的一边粘合在衣物的织物块302上。但是，本发明者认为迭片条375能用于将其它形式的扣件与织物粘合，或可单独使用以防止织物边缘的磨损和/或分层。
在所示的实施方案中，拉链320通过扣件303固定到织物块302上，如使用传统的粘合剂、缝线或其它上面或此处所述的迭片条。图29所示为迭片条375放置在织物块302和拉链320边缘上的实施方案。这种实施方案可增加拉链320处的防水性，并显著减少或消除织物边缘的磨损或分层的可能。
图30所示为迭片条375仅放置在织物块302边缘上的实施方案。尽管图中织物块302的边缘超出了扣件303，但是可以理解这种形式的拉链320也可使织物块的边缘与扣件的边缘对齐。在这种情况下，迭片条375可在织物裁剪前应用到织物上。因此，织物和迭片条可在一次切割中裁剪，从而使方法更有效。图30所示的实施方案可显著地减少或消除织物边缘磨损或分层的可能。
图31所示为一种可能的使用这种特定迭片条375的褶边。织物块302在其边缘处折叠并可通过扣件303结合，如传统的粘合剂、缝线或本发明所述的迭片条。然后将迭片条375折叠在褶边上，并根据上述方法之一进行粘合。在所示的实施方案中，除了迭片条375的下部379渗入并包裹织物块302的大部分纤维外，中间层378也渗入并包裹纤维。这种特殊实施方案的优点在于，如果没有下部379的先行渗透，中间层378中所含的强力粘合剂不可能渗入那么深。因此在需要额外强度的情况下，这种特定的实施方案特别有用。
从上述说明可以理解，尽管为了说明的目的本文中描述了本发明的具体实施方案，但是可以做出不脱离本发明精神和范围的各种改变。所以，除了所附的权利要求之外本发明不受限制。

Claims (2)

1.一种物品接缝的制作方法，所述接缝将织物的第一部分和织物的第二部分相连接，所述织物的第一部分和第二部分每一部分包括经防水处理的外层，所述方法包括：
将所述织物的第一部分置于所述织物的第二部分上并使各自的外层相对放置，所述织物的所述部分之一具有在接缝处突出于织物另一部分相应边缘的边缘；
沿接缝处放置粘合条，所述粘合条从所述织物的第一部分的边缘伸展到所述织物的第二部分并跨越接缝，从而所述粘合条的部分与所述织物部分之一的经防水处理的外层的至少一部分重叠；
对所述粘合条和接缝处加热加压，使所述粘合条结合到接缝处，所述粘合条浸入该粘合条之下的经防水处理的外层部分；
绕接缝处翻折所述织物第一部分和第二部分中的一个部分，从而各自的外层朝向同一方向；及
对接缝处加热加压，使粘合条进一步结合到接缝处。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
沿接缝处放置第二粘合条；及
对所述的第二粘合条和接缝处加热加压，使所述粘合条结合到接缝处。
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WO2003057482A2 (en) 2003-07-17
KR20040086259A (ko) 2004-10-08
HK1068847A1 (en) 2005-05-06
CA2472620C (en) 2012-03-20
JP2005531695A (ja) 2005-10-20
WO2003057482A3 (en) 2003-11-13
EP1463634B1 (en) 2013-07-17
CN101130925A (zh) 2008-02-27
US7258762B2 (en) 2007-08-21
CA2472620A1 (en) 2003-07-17
US20050022920A1 (en) 2005-02-03
US20030138586A1 (en) 2003-07-24
CN100445088C (zh) 2008-12-24
US6797352B2 (en) 2004-09-28
AU2003202220A1 (en) 2003-07-24
JP4892173B2 (ja) 2012-03-07
CN1662368A (zh) 2005-08-31

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