CN101103670A - Cultivating method for promoting cassava production - Google Patents
Cultivating method for promoting cassava production Download PDFInfo
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- CN101103670A CN101103670A CNA2007100497527A CN200710049752A CN101103670A CN 101103670 A CN101103670 A CN 101103670A CN A2007100497527 A CNA2007100497527 A CN A2007100497527A CN 200710049752 A CN200710049752 A CN 200710049752A CN 101103670 A CN101103670 A CN 101103670A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method for the improvement of cassava production, in which the grafting techniques of whip grafting and budding are used. The wild cassava twig or bud is taken as a scion and the stalk of cassava cultivar is taken as a parental stock for the implementation of the grafting between the same family, the same genre or different varieties. With the new cassava plant formed after the grafting, the cassava production can be substantially improved, which is increased by 2000 to 4000kg than the varieties without grafting, and the increasing rate is up to 100 to 200%. Or the twig or bud of high-volume low starch content cassava varieties is taken as the scion, and the twig or bud of low-volume high starch content cassava varieties is taken as a parental stock for the implementation of the grafting between the same family, the same genre or different varieties. Thus a new cassava plant is formed, in which the cassava product not only can be in the maintenance of the starch content quality of the cassava varieties as the parental stock , but also the production volume can be substantially improved to the volume of the cassava varieties as the scion. The cultivation method of the invention can be promoted and applied in the cassava planting, which is also suitable for the grafting of flexible hollow plants such as castor-oil plant, jatropha curcas, papaya and so on.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of crops, particularly relate to the grafting cultivation method of crops.
Background technology
Cassava (Manihat spp) plant comprises that cultivated species and wild species have kind more than 150, and wherein cassava (Manihat esculenta Crantz) is unique kind that is used for economic cultivation, has only it to be only the cassava kind that can gather in the crops product in producing plantation; Cassava is a kind of original wild kind, and this wild species plant growth is vigorous, and internode is apart from big; The thick reasonable distribution of cauline leaf; The blade and blade meat tissue is thicker, have adaptability and stronger photosynthesis ability widely, but its sapling multiplication rate is low, carries out vegetative propagation with its kind stem, and germination rate is more much lower than cultivated species, and piece root output is also very low.Directly do not utilize in the production, just be used for breeding for disease resistance and the breeding for quality of cassava.
At present, improving cassava production planting type commonly used in the production is: select the good new varieties of plantation high yield and enrich fertilizer, and the amount of increase in production of this dual mode is very limited, generally only reaches 10～30%, and increased input cost.
The present invention is a kind of cultivation method with grafting method raising cassava production, utilizes cassava particularly to use the method for its tender sprout grafting cassava, has not yet to see report.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of small investment for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, and is easy and simple to handle, and the survival rate height can increase substantially the cultivation method of cassava production.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of cultivation method that improves cassava production, it is the stock of doing of making scion, cassava cultivar Manihat esculenta Crantz with the method for grafting with wild cassava tender sprout, carry out grafting, form new cassava tree crown, and form a kind of new high yield cassava plant.
A kind of cultivation method that improves cassava production, it is method with grafting, make the cassava kind of scion, low yield high-content of starch with the cassava kind of the low content of starch of high yield and carry out grafting as stock, form new cassava tree crown, and form a kind of new high yield and the cassava plant of high-content of starch.
The cultivation method that improves cassava production is the method with grafting, and one of grafting method is a whip grafting, and this method is: (1) selects that eye is intact, not damaged, the normal spray of growth are done scion; (2) cut stock, select the stock with scion thickness, maturity basically identical, with the stock cane with scion thickness consistent location, cut off top, be whittled into gradient, chamfer length and scion gradient, bevel same length in the upper end base portion; (3) cut scion, clip length 5～6cm is whittled into the inclined-plane with the scion of doing of 2 eyes in the end group portion away from eye; (4) with bamboo let inserts scion center marrow, and stock center marrow is inserted in the other end, after the inclined-plane of scion and stock coincide closely, with bandage with the tight wrapping of grafting mouth firmly, simultaneously scion upper end fracture is sealed.
Two of grafting method is bud grafting methods, and this method is: (1) opens bud sheet interface, and at stock standardized otch on the position of the about 40～60cm in ground, otch is about 3cm, wide about 2cm, the degree of depth reaches xylem; (2) choose out cortex, cut off, form bud sheet interface; (2) take off with the bud sheet of (1) same method, be whittled into bud sheet with stock bud sheet interface size basically identical with scion; (3) the interface of the bud sheet of scion aligning stock bud sheet, scion bud sheet base portion and stock cortex are close to, and some spaces are reserved on top, with the tight from bottom to top binding grafting mouth of bandage.
Two kinds of grafting methods of the present invention can be to plant stock by the plantation specification earlier, directly carry out grafting in the field; Also can be to intercepting stock down with the scion grafting, breed out root with nutritious bag after, plant by the plantation specification again.
The present invention has following advantage compared with the prior art:
1. adopt cultivation method of the present invention, do scion with the cassava spray, the cane of cassava cultivar is done the grafting of carrying out of stock, forms the new cassava plant of high yield, can increase substantially cassava production, increases production more than 2 times than former output; Scion is done in south China 124 with the low content of starch of high yield, the low-producing Thailand of high starch No. 2 (MR36-34-1) carries out grafting as stock, form new cassava plant, output can keep the output in former south China 124, and content of starch improves more than 6.8 percentage points than former south China 124.
2. it is easy that cultivation method of the present invention has operational sequence, easily grasps, and grafting is easy, and the survival rate height can reach more than 96%, can apply on the soft hollow plant of cane.
Embodiment
A kind of cultivation method that improves cassava production of the present invention, it is grafting method with scion grafting and bud grafting, this grafting can be cassava Manihat spp equal, belong to together, not of the same race grafting, also can be cassava Manihat spp equal, belong to together, the grafting between of the same race, different cultivars.
Equal, belong to together, not of the same race grafting, as doing scion with wild cassava spray, bud, the cane of cassava improved seeds GR891 carries out grafting as stock, form a kind of new cassava plant that is different from former stock form, it is sparse that this new cassava plant has wild cassava leaf segment, the thick reasonable distribution of cauline leaf is grown vigorous and is not covered the characteristics that photosynthetic capacity is strong.Can impel the knot potato number of new cassava plant to increase, and French fries are not only long but also thick, the yields have increased considerably for tapioca root, and keep the quality of former cassava improved seeds G891.
Equal, belong to together, of the same race, the grafting of different cultivars, output between the cassava different cultivars and content of starch have very big difference, cassava kind south China 124 (per mu yield 2560-3000kg with the low content of starch of high yield, content of starch 24%) spray, bud is done scion, No. 2 MR36-34-1 (per mu yield 1300kg of the cassava kind Thailand of low yield high-content of starch, content of starch 30.8%) makes stock, form a kind of new cassava plant with whip grafting or bud grafting method grafting, the output of this new cassava plant can reach the output in south China 124, per mu yield 2560-3000kg, content of starch keeps the content of starch 30.8% of No. 2, former stock Thailand, this new cassava plant has been improved its product quality concerning 124 kinds of south China, the output that its product is improved No. 2 in Thailand.
Grafting method of the present invention is whip grafting and bud grafting method.
Whip grafting is undertaken by following operational sequence:
(1) select that eye is intact, not damaged, the normal spray of growth do scion;
(2) cut stock, the stock of selection and scion maturity, thickness basically identical cuts off top with the stock cane in the position with scion thickness basically identical, and the inclined-plane that is whittled into inclined-plane and scion in the upper end base portion is basic identical;
(3) cut scion.Clip length 5～6cm is whittled into the inclined-plane with the scion of doing of 2 eyes in the end group portion away from eye;
(4) insert plugged ear center marrow with an end of signing, stock center marrow is inserted in the other end, after the inclined-plane of scion and stock coincide closely, with bandage with the tight wrapping of grafting mouth firmly, simultaneously scion upper end fracture is sealed.
The whip grafting operational sequence is easy, easily holds the palm, Yi Bujie, and the survival rate height, units increased in production is big.
Bud grafting method is undertaken by following operational sequence:
(1) open the bud grafting mouth, at stock standardized otch on the position of ground 40～60cm, otch be about 3cm, wide about 2cm, the degree of depth reaches xylem, chooses out cortex, cuts off, and forms the bud grafting mouth;
(2) take off with the bud sheet of (1) same method, be whittled into bud sheet with stock bud grafting mouth size basically identical with scion;
(3) the bud grafting mouth of the bud sheet of scion aligning stock, the base portion of bud sheet and stock cortex are close to, and some spaces are reserved on top, wrap tight interface from bottom to top with the bandage wrapping immediately.
Bud grafting method has scion and utilizes economically, can adopt this method at scion deficiency or grafting period slightly late the time.One bud one connects, healing easily, and interface is firm, the survival rate height, and the cassava of suitable grafting is wide in variety.
Embodiment 1: equal, belong to together, not of the same race grafting.Spray and bud with wild cassava are done scion, and the cane of cassava improved seeds GR891 is made stock, will plant 667m by seeding row spacing 150cm * 150cm kind as the cassava kind of stock earlier
2Plant 300 strains.Through 1-2 month growth, after cassava plant cane rugosity reaches about 2cm, use above-mentioned whip grafting or bud grafting method grafting again.During results, new cassava plant average yield per mu can reach more than the 4000kg, and maximum output can reach 9000kg, mu volume increase 2000-4000kg, and rate of growth is 100-200%.Every mu is reduced by 500～700 strains than general planting, the benefit highly significant, and it is as shown in table 1 specifically to plant data:
Table 1
| Numbering | Planting patterns | Kind | Seeding row spacing (cm) | Mu strain number (strain) | Individual plant average yield (kg) | Per mu yield (kg) | Volume increase (kg) |
| 1 | General planting | GR891 | 80×80 | 1000 | 2.0 | 2000 | |
| 2 | With whip grafting grafting cassava | GR891 | 150×150 | 300 | 20 | 6000 | 4000 |
| 3 | With bud grafting method grafting cassava | GR891 | 150×150 | 300 | 13.3 | 4000 | 2000 |
Embodiment 2: equal, belong to together, the grafting between of the same race, different cultivars.South China 124 (per mu yield 2500kg with the low content of starch of high yield, content of starch 24%) does scion, No. 2 MR36-34-1 (per mu yield 1300kg of the low-producing cassava new varieties of high-content of starch Thailand, content of starch 30.8%) makes stock, to make the cassava kind of stock earlier and plant 667m by seeding row spacing 90cm * 90cm kind
2Plant 800 strains.Growth through 1-2 month, after cassava plant cane rugosity reaches about 2cm, carry out grafting respectively with above-mentioned whip grafting or bud grafting method again, during results, new cassava plant per mu yield can keep the output in south China 124, and per mu yield 3000～2560kg is than Thailand No. 2 volume increase 1704～1268kg, content of starch reaches the content of starch 30.8% of No. 2, Thailand, has improved 6.8 percentage points than the content of starch in south China 124.Thereby improved cassava production and product quality, it is as shown in table 2 specifically to plant data.
Table 2
| Numbering | Planting patterns | Kind (being) | Plantation specification (cm) | Mu strain number (strain) | Folding per mu yield (kg) | Than No. 2 volume increase of Thailand (kg) | Content of starch (%) | Increase starch (%) than south China 124 |
| 1 | General planting | South China 124 | 90×90 | 800 | 2560 | 24 | ||
| 2 | General planting | No. 2, Thailand | 90×90 | 800 | 1296 | 30.8 | ||
| 3 | Whip grafting grafting south China 124 | Grafting south China 124 | 90×90 | 800 | 3000 | 1704 | 30.8 | 6.8 |
| 4 | Bud grafting method grafting south China 124 | Grafting south China 124 | 90×90 | 800 | 2564 | 1268 | 30.8 | 6.8 |
Claims (5)
1. a cultivation method that improves cassava production is characterized in that, with the method for grafting, does scion with wild cassava tender sprout, and the cane of cassava cultivar is made stock, carries out grafting, forms new cassava tree crown, and forms a kind of new high yield cassava plant.
2. cultivation method that improves cassava production, it is characterized in that, use grafting method, cassava kind with the low content of starch of high yield is done scion, the cassava kind cane of low yield high-content of starch carries out grafting as stock, form new cassava tree crown, and form a kind of new high yield and the cassava plant of high-content of starch.
3. according to claim 1 and the described a kind of cultivation method that improves cassava production of claim 2, it is characterized in that: one of grafting method is a whip grafting, and this method is: (1) selects that eye is intact, not damaged, the normal spray of growth are done scion; (2) cut stock, select the stock with scion thickness, maturity basically identical, with the stock cane with scion thickness consistent location, cut off top, be whittled into gradient and the scion gradient is basic identical in the upper end base portion; (3) cut scion, clip length 5～6cm is whittled into the inclined-plane with the scion of doing of 2 eyes in the end group portion away from eye; (4) insert scion center marrow with one of bamboo let, stock center marrow is inserted in the other end, after the inclined-plane of scion and stock coincide closely, with bandage with the tight wrapping of grafting mouth firmly, simultaneously fracture on the scion is sealed.
4. according to claim 1 and the described a kind of cultivation method that improves cassava production of claim 2, it is characterized in that two of grafting method is bud grafting methods, this method is: (1) opens bud sheet interface, at stock standardized otch on the position of the about 40～60cm in ground, otch is about 3cm, wide about 2cm, the degree of depth reaches xylem; (2) choose out cortex, cut off, form bud sheet interface; (2) take off with the bud sheet of (1) same method, be whittled into bud sheet with stock bud sheet interface size basically identical with fringe; (3) the bud grafting mouth of the bud sheet of scion aligning stock, scion bud sheet base portion and stock cortex are close to, and some spaces are reserved on top, with the tight from bottom to top binding grafting mouth of bandage.
5. according to claim 1 and the described a kind of cultivation method that improves cassava production of claim 2, it is characterized in that, the whip grafting of grafting method and bud grafting method, can be earlier by plantation specification plantation stock, directly in the field grafting, also can be to intercepting stock down with the scion grafting, breed out root with nutritious bag after, plant by the plantation specification again.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101946602A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-01-19 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method for culturing and transplanting seedling of cassava |
| CN102119633A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-07-13 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for improving stock grafting through scion |
| CN102342220A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-08 | 岳增福 | Papaya bud grafting method |
| CN102986412A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-03-27 | 武鸣县农业技术推广中心 | Hilly-sloppy land cassava flat furrow and black plastic film mulched seed stem obliquely-inserting and cultivation technology |
| CN103070024A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Method for identifying contribution capacity of ground plant nutritive organs to root system |
| CN103329725A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-10-02 | 洪满 | Method for planting cassava and corn in mixed mode |
| CN103404361A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-11-27 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method for increasing production of cassava seed stalk through girdling |
| CN103828572A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-06-04 | 卢志文 | Cassava cultivating method |
| CN103988661A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 梁柏初 | Cassava spring sowing cultivation technique |
| CN103988662A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 梁柏初 | Cassava cultivation technique |
| CN104160879A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2014-11-26 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Cassava tender stem greenhouse grafting method |
| CN104584833A (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2015-05-06 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | Method for rapidly propagating cassava seedlings from single buds |
| CN109121787A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of flowering dogwood bud tablets engrafting method |
| CN110214568A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-10 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of cassava |
| CN110679423A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-01-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method for reducing hydrocyanic acid content of cassava |
| CN116267559A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting flowering of cassava |
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2007
- 2007-08-07 CN CN200710049752A patent/CN100584193C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102342220A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-08 | 岳增福 | Papaya bud grafting method |
| CN101946602A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-01-19 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method for culturing and transplanting seedling of cassava |
| CN102119633A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-07-13 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for improving stock grafting through scion |
| CN103070024A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Method for identifying contribution capacity of ground plant nutritive organs to root system |
| CN103070024B (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2016-08-03 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | A kind of plant identification nutrition organs on the ground method to root system contribution ability |
| CN102986412A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-03-27 | 武鸣县农业技术推广中心 | Hilly-sloppy land cassava flat furrow and black plastic film mulched seed stem obliquely-inserting and cultivation technology |
| CN102986412B (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2015-07-01 | 武鸣县农业技术推广中心 | Hilly-sloppy land cassava flat furrow and black plastic film mulched seed stem obliquely-inserting and cultivation technology |
| CN103329725A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-10-02 | 洪满 | Method for planting cassava and corn in mixed mode |
| CN103404361A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-11-27 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method for increasing production of cassava seed stalk through girdling |
| CN103404361B (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2014-12-10 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method for increasing production of cassava seed stalk through girdling |
| CN103828572A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-06-04 | 卢志文 | Cassava cultivating method |
| CN103988662A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 梁柏初 | Cassava cultivation technique |
| CN103988661A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 梁柏初 | Cassava spring sowing cultivation technique |
| CN104160879A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2014-11-26 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Cassava tender stem greenhouse grafting method |
| CN104584833A (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2015-05-06 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | Method for rapidly propagating cassava seedlings from single buds |
| CN109121787A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of flowering dogwood bud tablets engrafting method |
| CN110214568A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-10 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of cassava |
| CN110214568B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2022-03-08 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Cassava grafting seedling method |
| CN110679423A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-01-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method for reducing hydrocyanic acid content of cassava |
| CN110679423B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-07-27 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method for reducing hydrocyanic acid content of cassava |
| CN116267559A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting flowering of cassava |
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