CN103070024B - A kind of plant identification nutrition organs on the ground method to root system contribution ability - Google Patents
A kind of plant identification nutrition organs on the ground method to root system contribution ability Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plant identification nutrition organs on the ground method to root system contribution ability.Method provided by the present invention, comprise the following steps: 1) prepare plant graft chimaera to be measured and adjoining tree graft chimaera, the stock of described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the stock of described adjoining tree graft chimaera derive from same plant kind, and described stock does not derive from described plant to be measured and described adjoining tree；2) detect described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the plant root character of described adjoining tree graft chimaera, determine that whether the described plant above ground nutrition organs to be measured contribution ability to plant root character is higher than adjoining tree nutrition organs on the ground.The present invention is applicable to Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Semen sojae atricolor, Fructus Cucumidis sativi, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, fruit tree, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti etc. can be with the cultivated plant of grafting, a kind of method root traits contribution ability being provided science for plant identification root traits and assessment Plant aboveground nutrition organs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant identification nutrition organs on the ground method to root system contribution ability, it is adaptable to can the cultivated plant of grafting, the present invention provides a kind of science, effective method for research Plant aboveground nutrition organs to root system contribution ability.
Background technology
Overground part plays particularly important effect in the growth promoter of plant, and it can provide the carbohydrate required for plant growing by photosynthesis.A lot of tillage control measures and cropping system in production are provided to carry out to greatest extent photosynthetic production in fact.The vital movements such as the good and bad growth and development dynamics directly affecting carbon assimilation, the change of growth regulatory substance and plant of overground part quality.
Root system, as one of the three big nutrition organs of plant, plays the moisture needed for providing and the function of mineral nutrition for growth and development of plants.Conventional research is only focused on the research of economic flow rate, and have ignored other parts.And the growth promoter of crop and Yield formation process are exactly overground part photosynthesis and root mass absorption moisture, the RUP of nutrient.People are less to the growth promoter of underground part and yield research to overground part research is more, and root growth and development is contributed the researches of ability about overground part.Owing to shoot character is extremely complex, any one single character all cannot reflect the overground part impact on root growth and development.Therefore, how accurate evaluation overground part still lacks comprehensive index to the aspect that affects of root system development.
Influence each other between overground part and root system, mutually promote, the size of root system, development degree and overground part have direct relation, therefore it is difficult to the growth promoter of accurate evaluation root system and root traits is the performance of himself or carrys out the impact of overground part, the contribution ability of root growth and development can not be separated by overground part, therefore, be difficult to its carry out objective, accurately completely identify and describe, it is impossible to the accurate evaluation overground part nutrition organs contribution ability to root growth and development.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of plant identification nutrition organs on the ground method to root system contribution ability, a kind of method identifying whether plant above ground nutrition organs to be measured is higher than adjoining tree nutrition organs on the ground to the contribution ability of plant root character, comprises the steps:
1) plant graft chimaera to be measured and adjoining tree graft chimaera are prepared, the stock of described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the stock of described adjoining tree graft chimaera derive from same plant kind, and described stock does not derive from described plant to be measured and described adjoining tree；
2) detect described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the root traits of described adjoining tree graft chimaera, determine that whether the described plant above ground nutrition organs to be measured contribution ability to plant root character is higher than adjoining tree nutrition organs on the ground；
Described adjoining tree is to carry out identifying plant relatively more used；
Described plant root is the system of taproot or the system of fibrous root of described plant, and described plant root character can select different root traits to detect according to plant kind and the difference of breeding objective.Described root traits can be the morphological characters of described root system, and/or the yield traits of described root system.
In the above-mentioned methods, the scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the scion of described adjoining tree graft chimaera derive from different plant varieties.
In the above-mentioned methods, the scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured comes from described plant to be measured, and the scion of described adjoining tree graft chimaera comes from described adjoining tree.
In the above-mentioned methods, described stock may be from same plant species or kind with the scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured, it is possible to from different plant species or kind；Described stock may be from same plant species or kind with the scion of described adjoining tree graft chimaera, it is possible to from different plant species or kind.
In the above-mentioned methods, the scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the scion of described adjoining tree graft chimaera all can derive from Semen sojae atricolor Glycinemax (L.) Merr..
In the above-mentioned methods, described stock can derive from Semen sojae atricolor Glycinemax (L.) Merr..
In the above-mentioned methods, when the scion of described stock, the scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured and described adjoining tree graft chimaera derives from Semen sojae atricolor Glycinemax (L.) Merr., the morphological characters of described root system can be main root length and/or side radical；The yield traits of described root system can be weight of root system.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described adjoining tree is Semen sojae atricolor Glycinemax (L.) Merr. Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean, described plant above ground portion to be measured nutrition organs derives from one of following 24 Semen sojae atricolor Glycinemax (L.) Merr. kinds: climb turnip, the rough flat roof type in Shangcai two, Heze ox hair is yellow, Yidu flat-top is yellow, new Semen Glycines, taro selects 23, neat yellow 10, yellow No. 1 of Yan, good harvest Huang, rich No. 7 of literary composition, leap No. 5, mutation 30, Ji bean 4, Shandong bean 4, Henan soybean 2, middle bean 19, rich No. 6 of section, Shandong bean 11, Ji bean 7, Henan bean 22, Ji bean 12, middle yellow 13, Zheng 92116, middle yellow 30.
In the above-mentioned methods, described preparing in plant graft chimaera to be measured and adjoining tree graft chimaera, the scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured is consistent with the developmental stage of the scion of described adjoining tree graft chimaera；The stock of described plant graft chimaera to be measured is consistent with the developmental stage of the stock of described adjoining tree graft chimaera；Described scion may be from seed germination to first pair of true leaf plant time fully deployed；Described stock may be from seed germination to cotyledon plant time fully deployed.
The present invention protects any of the above-described described method, at screening plant above ground nutrition organs, the contribution ability of root traits is higher than the application of adjoining tree nutrition organs on the ground, and described adjoining tree is to carry out screening plant relatively more used.
Present disclosure additionally applies for beans such as Semen phaseoli radiati Vignaradiata, melon such as Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae Cucurbitamoschata or Fructus Cucumidis sativi CucumissativusLinn, potato class, such as Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae IpomoeabatatasLam., Maninot esculenta crantz. ManihotesculentaCrantz and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi SolanumtuberosumL. and fruit tree etc. can be with the cultivated plants of grafting.
Experiment proves, with soybean varieties Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean as stock, with the root system of 25 kinds of different soybean varieties including Semen sojae atricolor Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean as stock, it is thus achieved that 25 kinds of different graft chimaeras the morphological characters such as main root length of root system and side radical, root system yield traits such as weight of root system on there is significant difference.
The present invention passes through graft technology, form that root system initial state is identical and grafting complex that overground part is different, shoot character is carried out objective qualification, in the case of underground part genotype is identical with preliminary examination state, assesses overground part to the contribution of root growth and development and impact.The kind that overground part is strong to root traits contribution ability can be filtered out with the reliable assessment overground part contribution ability to root growth and development, provides excellent parent for crop breeding by the method.Assessment overground part provided by the present invention is on root growth and development contribution ability and the method for impact, it is ensured that the concordance of root system in research；The Plant aboveground nutrition organs contribution ability to root system can be directly reflected by root traits.
Detailed description of the invention
Experimental technique used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Material etc. used in following embodiment, if no special instructions, the most commercially obtains.
Embodiment 1, graft technology is utilized to identify the different soybean varieties overground part contribution ability to root traits
One, test material
Stock: Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean, formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank (network address: http://icgr.caas.net.cn) Unified number is ZDD13279, purchased from farming development in science and technology company limited in Beijing.
Scion: the kind of spread in production, totally 24.Specific name and source are as follows:
1. climb turnip: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02924.
2. the rough flat roof type in Shangcai two: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD03190.
3. Heze ox hair is yellow: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., and country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02876.
4. Yidu flat-top is yellow: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., and country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02715.
5. new Semen Glycines: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02570.
6. taro selects 23: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., and country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02615.
7. neat yellow 10: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02581.
8. yellow No. 1: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr. of Yan, country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02643.
9. good harvest Huang: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02612.
10. literary composition rich No. 7: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD02611.
11. leap No. 5: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD09895.
12. mutation 30: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD07987.
13. Ji beans 4: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD18630.
14. Shandong beans 4: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD09884.
15. Henan soybean 2s: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD10089.
Bean 19 in 16.: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD11579.
17. sections rich No. 6: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD08024.
18. Shandongs 11: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD19379.
19. Ji beans 7: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD18632.
20. Henan 22: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD19410.
21. Jis 12: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD23040.
Yellow 13: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr. in 22., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD23876.
23. Zheng 92116: formal name used at school G] ycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD23277.
Yellow 30: formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr. in 24., Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science's selection-breeding, authorization numbering: state examines bean 2006015, purchased from farming development in science and technology company limited in Beijing.
25. Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter beans, formal name used at school Glycinemax (L.) Merr., country's crops Germplasm Bank Unified number is ZDD13279, purchased from farming development in science and technology company limited in Beijing.
Two, test method
With Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean as stock, with 25 kinds of different soybean varieties described in the step one including Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean as scion, carry out grafting respectively according to the following method of plant propagation with cutting, it is thus achieved that 25 kinds of graft chimaeras:
(1) prepared by bamboo let: selecting the suitable toothpick of thickness to be whittled into two-sided wedge shape, chamfer length 1～2cm after removing point, the diameter of bamboo let selects according to the upgrowth situation of stock；(2) stock prepares with scion: the seed of stock and scion all selects the seed of full seed；By the planting seed of scion in nutritional bed, after 4～5 days by stock planting seed in nutritive cube (10 × 10cm)；After the cotyledon of stock launches, stock growing point is rejected by utilization group training knife blade and bamboo let, then along growing point center, bamboo let is pricked hole vertically downward, and the degree of depth is 1～1.5cm, and bamboo let wouldn't be extracted, and notices that bamboo let can not hurt the cotyledon of stock simultaneously；After the first pair of true leaf launches, under true leaf 1～1.5cm under cutter scion is cut as wedge shape according to the character of bamboo let, inclined-plane is parallel with true leaf position, about length 1cm, is excised by two true leaves simultaneously；(3) mutually grafting: extracted by bamboo let, rapidly scion is inserted in the middle of the jack of stock, is that the bevel of scion coincide with the inclined-plane of bamboo let, then fixes with sealed membrane；(4) managing after grafting: the plant after grafting is covered by the transparent plastic cup cutting breach with bottom, moisturizing, slow Seedling, should reject in time if having growing point to emerge at cotyledon simultaneously.Grafting plant is transplanted to field after surviving by plant to be grafted.
Experiment uses randomized complete-block design, sets 3 district's groups (repetition), each district group She25Ge community (process) altogether, the area of each community is 0.81 square metre, plants the cave of chimera plant away from 0.9m, line-spacing 0.9m in each community, every cave final singling 5 strain, carries out field management according to a conventional method.
Three, differently top (scion) comparison to root traits contribution ability
1. after the soybean harvest of the Semen sojae atricolor graft chimaera that above-mentioned steps two obtains, add up the Morphological Characters of Root of each Semen sojae atricolor graft chimaera plant underground part stock: main root length (stretches the length of rear main root root-end) from the position of grafting to main root, recycling LSD method carries out multiple comparisons, the statistical result of marker word mother law is as shown in table 1, numerical value in table 1 is 3 meansigma methodss repeated, lower case after numerical value represents α=0.05 significant level, the different graft chimaeras obtained for scion with different soybean varieties, if containing identical lower case after same character numerical value, then represent that the two is without significant difference, if without identical lower case, then represent the two significant difference.Table 1 result shows, different overground parts (scion) can affect the Morphological Characters of Root such as main root length of stock.
The table 1 different cultivars (scion) impact on stock Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean main root length
2. after the soybean harvest of the Semen sojae atricolor graft chimaera that above-mentioned steps two obtains, add up the Morphological Characters of Root of each Semen sojae atricolor graft chimaera plant underground part stock: the side radical side radical of 3cm (on the main root >=), recycling LSD method carries out multiple comparisons, the statistical result of marker word mother law is as shown in table 2, numerical value in table 2 is 3 meansigma methodss repeated, lower case after numerical value represents α=0.05 significant level, the different graft chimaeras obtained for scion with different soybean varieties, if containing identical lower case after same character numerical value, then represent that the two is without significant difference, if without identical lower case, then represent the two significant difference.Table 2 result shows, different overground parts (scion) can affect the Morphological Characters of Root such as side radical of stock.
The table 2 different cultivars (scion) impact on Aicis galericulata winter bean side, stock Zi Gong radical
3. after the soybean harvest of the Semen sojae atricolor graft chimaera that above-mentioned steps two obtains, add up the root system yield traits of each Semen sojae atricolor graft chimaera plant underground part stock: weight of root system (weight after the root system natural air drying i.e. rinsed well), recycling LSD method carries out multiple comparisons, the statistical result of marker word mother law is as shown in table 3, numerical value in table 3 is 3 meansigma methodss repeated, the different graft chimaeras obtained for scion with different soybean varieties, if containing identical letter after same character numerical value, then represent that the two is without significant difference, if without identical letter, then represent the two significant difference.The result of table 3 shows, different overground parts (scion) can affect the root system yield traits such as weight of root system of stock.
The table 3 different cultivars (scion) impact on stock Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean weight of root system
The overground part contribution ability to root system yield or growth promoter can be directly reflected as index with weight of root system, as can be seen from Table 3, differently top affects significant difference to root system yield or growth promoter, using Ji bean 7, Shandong bean 4 as the weight of root system of stock during scion respectively than Zi Gong Aicis galericulata winter bean (self grafting) as dry weight during scion low 3.6g, 3.34g, illustrate that differently top is different to the contribution ability of root growth.
It is to may determine that root system yield or growth promoter are contributed difference of ability by overground part by said method.During using rich No. 6 of section, Henan bean 22, mutation 30 etc. as scion, higher to the contribution ability of root growth and development, them therefore can be selected as the parent material in breeding.
Claims (3)
1. identify that plant root character is contributed the method whether ability is higher than adjoining tree nutrition organs on the ground by plant above ground nutrition organs to be measured, comprise the steps:
1) plant graft chimaera to be measured and adjoining tree graft chimaera are prepared, the stock of described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the stock of described adjoining tree graft chimaera derive from same plant kind, and described stock does not derive from described plant to be measured and described adjoining tree；
2) detect described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the plant root character of described adjoining tree graft chimaera, determine that whether the described plant above ground nutrition organs to be measured contribution ability to plant root character is higher than adjoining tree nutrition organs on the ground；
The scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the scion of described adjoining tree graft chimaera derive from different plant varieties；
Described root traits is morphological characters and the qualitative trait of described root system；The morphological characters of described root system is main root length and/or side radical；The qualitative trait of described root system is weight of root system；
Stock comes from seed germination to cotyledon plant time fully deployed, scion and comes from seed germination to first pair of true leaf plant time fully deployed；
The scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured and the scion of described adjoining tree graft chimaera derive from Semen sojae atricolor Glycinemax (L.) Merr.；
Described stock derives from Semen sojae atricolor Glycinemax (L.) Merr..
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described preparing in plant graft chimaera to be measured and adjoining tree graft chimaera, the scion of described plant graft chimaera to be measured is consistent with the developmental stage of the scion of described adjoining tree graft chimaera；The stock of described plant graft chimaera to be measured is consistent with the developmental stage of the stock of described adjoining tree graft chimaera.
3. root traits is contributed ability higher than the application in adjoining tree on the ground nutrition organs at screening plant above ground nutrition organs by method described in claim 1 or 2.
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| CN101103670A (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2008-01-16 | 广西亚热带作物研究所 | Cultivating method for promoting cassava production |
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| CN1640229A (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2005-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Rhizome plant grafting method |
| CN101103670A (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2008-01-16 | 广西亚热带作物研究所 | Cultivating method for promoting cassava production |
| CN102119633A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-07-13 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for improving stock grafting through scion |
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