CN1640229A - Rhizome plant grafting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a new method for grafting rhizome plants. The root or tuber of a plant is used as the rootstock, and the stems, leaves, seedlings, buds, roots or tubers of the same plant or different plants are used as the scion to graft and grow into a new plant. The invention has the advantages of convenient operation and high survival rate, and has been successfully tried in ornamental gardening, breeding and cultivation of rhizome plants and achieved good results.

Description

A kind of rhizome plant grafting method

technical field

The invention belongs to the cultivation and propagation technology in the technical field of botany and crop science, and particularly relates to a method for grafting with plant roots or tubers as rootstocks.

Background technique

Grafting is a traditional agricultural technique. my country's Xinhua dictionary defines it as "a main method of asexual reproduction of plants, cutting a branch or a bud from the mother plant, and connecting it to another plant to combine into a new plant". According to this definition, the grafting of plants primarily involves the shoots, stems and buds of the plant. Grafting based on this sense plays an important role in preventing soil-borne diseases of scion plants, enhancing growth vigor, improving stress resistance, and increasing yield; because it can maintain the characteristics of the original variety, it has low cost and high reproduction coefficient. It is more practical for the reproduction of weak branching ability, slow growth and rare varieties; it can also be used to change bad varieties or graft several varieties on the same plant to improve ornamental value; it can also be used to fix variation buds (branch change or Bud change), and further cultivate new varieties. Therefore, it is widely used in vegetables, fruit trees and flowers. In recent years, with the development of science and technology and economy, this technology is not only more widely used, but also the technology itself has been developed. The concrete manifestation is that grafting method increases, and the grafting of main stem and stem of said grafting usually develops into multiple methods now. The first category is root connection, which is divided into three types. (1) tap root connection, cut off the root neck of the tap root, then cut the cortex at the edge of the cut and the xylem to a depth of about 4 cm, insert a scion about 10 cm long, and wrap it with a plastic film. (2) Lateral root connection, for larger seedlings, the large lateral root can be dug out from the tip, cut off from a suitable thick place, then cut the scion, grafted on it, and then covered with soil. (3) root sac grafting, seedlings with roots can be grafted on each root with branch grafting. The second category is grafting, which is divided into the following four types. (1) High connection (body connection): Use a hacksaw to cut off the branches of the original tree (post) to make an anvil, which is as high as the body, and connect the scion in the cortex on one or both sides or four sides of the anvil . (2) Low grafting (dwarf grafting): the small rootstock can be cut off at 10 cm from the ground, and then the scion with a length of about 10 cm is grafted from the cortex on the edge of the cutting edge of the seedling. (3) Skin grafting: Make a V-shaped incision on the bark of the tie wood, loosen the cortex on both sides, and then graft the scion into it so that the skin and bone of the two face each other, wrap it up and serve. 4) Branch grafting: Carry out branch grafting on each branch of Continental wood, and the operation is the same as the above branch grafting. The third category is budding, which is divided into four types. (1) Square-shaped budding (chimeric budding), the land wood is cut off from the ground 30 centimeters, the square cortex of 2 square centimeters is cut off from the land pile, and the healthy buds are selected from the scion tree, and 2 square centimeters are cut. The square-shaped bud pieces are embedded in the square cortex cut off from the old wood and tied with plastic film. (2) Flaky budding: Cut off the cortex at a place 10 centimeters above the ground, cut off the cortex, connect the buds, and wrap them up. After surviving, cut off the upper end of the wooden joint. (3) T-shaped bud grafting is selected on a smooth place on the Nai wood. First, cut a knife horizontally and vertically. The two knives are in the shape of a "T", about 3 cm long and as deep as the xylem. Serve. (4) Inverted T-shaped buds The incision on the seedlings is inverted T-shaped, and the connection method is the same as the T-shaped connection method. The fourth type is lap joint (tongue joint). The seedlings are cut into a horse-ear-shaped incision from 10 cm above the ground, and then the lower end of the scion is also cut into the same horse-ear shape, and then the two are overlapped and bandaged. good. The fifth category is by beating, all kinds of vegetation can be grafted by this method. The method is to transplant the plants to be joined in one place first, and after they survive, choose their stems or places where they can be connected with each other, and use a knife to peel off half of the skin to connect with cambium. After picking up the work, choose the one with the largest base and keep it as the trunk, and cut the rest to keep the crown, forming a multi-flowered and multi-flowered plant. Visible, in above-mentioned various grafting techniques, all do not relate to the grafting of tuber or tuber as stock.

In view of the fact that there are no reports about roots or tubers as rootstocks, this patent proposes a new method of grafting plants with roots or tubers as rootstocks, which has significantly improved the technology and expanded the application compared with the previous grafting. . By applying the patented grafting method, not only can different types of scions grow on one root or tuber, but also can induce and promote the flowering of the scion, and improve ornamental value and breeding value.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a root plant grafting method, so that more than one plant can grow on the obtained root or tuber, which can induce and promote the flowering of the scion and increase the ornamental value. Scientific research provides a technological platform.

In order to realize the object of the present invention, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows: a kind of rhizome plant grafting method, take the root or tuber of a kind of plant as rootstock, use the stem, leaf, seedling, bud or the same kind of plant or different kind of plant The rhizomes are grafted as scions and grow into new plant bodies.

Further, the rootstock is the root or tuber grown from plants that can form roots or tubers, such as sweet potato, potato, taro, radish, and carrot.

Further, described grafting is that scion is directly embedded on rootstock tissue, and its steps are as follows:

(1) get the root or tuber suitable for use as rootstock;

(2) choose suitable scion;

(3) cut off the suitable part of the middle and upper part of the root or tuber, so that the scion is inserted;

(4) If the scion is a seedling, then its interface is obliquely cut, directly inserted into the incision of the rootstock, and the rootstock is used to

(5) or the tension of the tuber itself fixes the scion; if the scion is also a root or tuber, then the scion tuber or tuber is cut into a wedge shape, then wedged into the root or tuber incision, or the rootstock and the scion of the tuber or tuber are cut simultaneously Make an incision that can stick to each other, so that the scion and the rootstock are in close contact for fusion;

(6) After grafting, fix the rootstock and scion with rope or plastic paper, and protect the wound with wet cotton until the wound heals and the scion and rootstock survive.

Further, the new plant body can be cultivated in a pot or without soil, and can have various characteristics provided by the rootstock and one or several scions at the same time. It can be cultivated alone or several different types can be cultivated together. Form a unique shape, showing a unique ornamental value.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: the present invention is easy to operate and has a high survival rate, and has been successfully used in ornamental gardening, breeding and cultivation of rhizome plants, and has achieved good results; the grafted roots or tubers, not only It can germinate and grow seedlings, and because of the different scions grafted, the rootstock presents a symbiotic state of multiple seedlings, which greatly improves the ornamental value. At the same time, if the selected rootstock is a natural flowering variety, the scion can also be induced to flower, which will increase its ornamental value. Therefore, this technology has great application potential in ornamental horticulture, breeding and cultivation of rhizome plants.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Firstly, select roots or tubers that are suitable for use as rootstocks. They can be roots or tubers grown from plants that can form roots or tubers, such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, taro, radish, and carrots. The roots or tubers are required to be beautiful and intact. No damage, no pest spots and broken marks. Rootstock roots or tubers can be grown in pots or grown without soil. Since the upper part of the root or tuber has a tip advantage, no matter which cultivation method will be grafted in the upper part, this part needs to be exposed to the soil surface or liquid surface for grafting. When grafting, first cut a cut at the appropriate place in the middle and upper part of the root or tuber. The scion can be a variety of organs or tissues that can be used as a scion, such as leaves, stems, seedlings, buds, roots or tubers. If the scion is a seedling, it will be cut obliquely at the interface and directly inserted into the cut of the rootstock. The scion can be fixed by its own tension. After grafting, put wet cotton and seal it with plastic to protect the interface. After grafting, keep the cotton moist until the scion survives. If the scion is also a root or tuber, the scion root or tuber must be cut into a wedge shape, and then wedged into the root or tuber interface, so that the scion is in close contact with the rootstock for fusion. Also can the stock of root or tuber and scion cut out the otch that can stick to each other simultaneously respectively, need be fixed with rope after grafting, and protect wound with wet cotton, until wound heals, scion and stock all survive. Some words or patterns can also be engraved on the surface of the rootstock organ to further increase its ornamental value.

Example 1: Sweet potato tubers were grafted with potato seedlings of different stem and leaf colors, and colored potato seedlings with different stem and leaf color compositions were cultivated on the tubers. For example, the green-leafed potato block is used as the rootstock, and the purple-leafed and yellow-leaved varieties are grafted, thus forming a spectacle of coexistence of green leaves, purple leaves and yellow leaves. First of all, choose a tuber suitable for use as a rootstock, which requires the tuber to have a beautiful appearance, be intact, and free from disease and insect spots and damage. At the same time, select the vigorously growing scion. When grafting, first cut a slit in the middle and upper part of the tuber, and then directly insert the two kinds of scion seedlings with oblique cuts into the incision of the rootstock, and use the tension of the root or tuber itself to fix the scion. After grafting, put wet cotton to protect the interface, and keep the cotton moist after grafting until the scion survives. Since the rootstock itself has green leaves, and the leaves of the two scions are purple leaves and yellow leaves respectively, a unique ornamental spectacle of three-color sweet potato is formed.

Embodiment 2: Sweet potato tubers are grafted with taro buds, and new plant bodies with taro leaves and potato seedlings are cultivated. First of all, choose a tuber suitable for use as a rootstock, which requires the tuber to have a beautiful appearance, be intact, and free from disease and insect spots and damage. Meanwhile, choose normal taro. When grafting, first cut a triangular cone at a suitable place in the middle and upper part of the root, then cut the taro buds from the taro according to the size of the cut triangular cone, and insert the taro bud scion with oblique cuts directly into the incision of the root Press it tightly so that the cut surfaces of the scion taro buds are in close contact with the cut surfaces of the tubers so that the wound can heal. After grafting, put wet cotton on the exposed wound, and seal the wound with plastic paper. Put it in a suitable place to cultivate.

The above-mentioned embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Within the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, any modification and change made to the present invention will fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of rhizome plant grafting method, it is characterized in that, take a kind of root or tuber of plant as rootstock, carry out grafting with the stem, leaf, seedling, bud, tuber or rhizome of same plant or different plants as scion, and grow into new plants. 2. The method for grafting rhizome plants according to claim 1, wherein the rootstocks are roots or tubers grown from plants that can form roots or tubers, such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, taro, radishes, and carrots. 3. The method for grafting rhizome plants according to claim 1, wherein the grafting is to directly embed the scion into the rootstock tissue, and the steps are as follows: (1) select the root or tuber suitable for use as rootstock; (2) choose suitable scion; (3) cut off the suitable part of the middle and upper part of the root or tuber, so that the scion is inserted; (4) If the scion is a seedling, then its interface is obliquely cut, directly inserted into the cut of the rootstock, and the scion is fixed by the tension of the root or tuber itself; if the scion is also a root or tuber, then the scion root or tuber is cut into wedges type, then carve into the rootstock or tuber incision of the rootstock, or cut the rootstock and scion of the rootstock or tuber into incisions that can stick to each other at the same time, so that the scion and the rootstock are in close contact for fusion; (5) After grafting, fix the rootstock and scion with rope or plastic paper, and protect the wound with wet cotton until the wound heals and the scion and rootstock survive. 4. The root plant grafting method according to claim 3, characterized in that in the step (1), words or patterns are engraved on the surface of the selected root or tuber. 5. The method for grafting rhizome plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, the new plant body can have various characteristics provided by the rootstock and one or several scions through pot culture or soilless culture, and can be independently Cultivation or cultivation of several different types together can form a unique shape and show unique ornamental value.