CN101056854B - 合成4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-n-丙基-哌啶的方法 - Google Patents

合成4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-n-丙基-哌啶的方法 Download PDF

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CN101056854B
CN101056854B CN2005800385910A CN200580038591A CN101056854B CN 101056854 B CN101056854 B CN 101056854B CN 2005800385910 A CN2005800385910 A CN 2005800385910A CN 200580038591 A CN200580038591 A CN 200580038591A CN 101056854 B CN101056854 B CN 101056854B
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CN101056854A (zh
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D·R·高斯尔
R·德斯蒙德
P·N·迪瓦恩
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Teva Pharmaceuticals International GmbH
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    • C07D211/00Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D211/04Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D211/06Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D211/08Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/18Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/20Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
    • C07D211/24Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms by sulfur atoms to which a second hetero atom is attached

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Abstract

本发明涉及制备4-(3-甲磺酰基-苯基)-1-N-丙基哌啶(I)或其药学上可接受的盐的方法,该方法包含:用催化氧化剂和氧化剂氧化式(II)的硫化物而得到式(III)的化合物;随后催化还原式(III)的化合物。

Description

合成4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-N-丙基-哌啶的方法
发明背景
4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-n-丙基哌啶用作多巴胺神经传递的调节剂并且具有治疗应用,例如用于治疗阿尔茨海默氏病、帕金森氏病和精神分裂症。制备4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-n-丙基哌啶的合成方法描述在PCT专利公开号WO 01/46145中。
本发明提供了用于制备4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-n-丙基哌啶及其药学上可接受的盐的方法。本发明主题的方法提供了高产率和纯度的4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-N-丙基哌啶,同时将合成步骤减少到了最低限度。
发明概述
本发明涉及制备式I的4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-n-丙基哌啶及其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
Figure G200580038591020070515D000011
发明详述
本发明涉及制备用作药物活性剂的4-(3-甲磺酰基-苯基)-1-n-丙基哌啶的方法。
本发明的一个实施方案涉及制备式I的4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-n-丙基哌啶或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
Figure G200580038591020070515D000021
该方法包含:用催化氧化剂和氧化剂氧化式II的硫化物
得到式III的化合物:
Figure G200580038591020070515D000023
随后催化还原式III的化合物;
得到式(I)的化合物:
Figure G200580038591020070515D000024
或其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的一个实施方案涉及制备式(I)的4-(3-甲磺酰基苯基)-1-n-丙基哌啶或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
Figure G200580038591020070515D000031
该方法进一步包含:用强酸使式Ia的醇脱水:
Figure G200580038591020070515D000032
得到式II的硫化物:
用催化氧化剂和氧化剂氧化式II的硫化物;
得到式III的化合物:
Figure G200580038591020070515D000041
随后催化还原式III的化合物;
得到的式(I)化合物:
Figure G200580038591020070515D000042
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的强酸为强无机酸或强有机酸。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的强酸选自硫酸、盐酸、氢氟酸、硝酸和三氟乙酸。使用强酸使式VIa的醇脱水任选在溶剂中进行。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的溶剂选自甲苯、二甲苯、己烷或水。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的催化氧化剂诸如钨、钌、钼、锇或铬氧化剂。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的催化氧化剂为钨氧化剂。在该实施方案的一个方面中,所述的钨氧化剂为钨酸钠。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的氧化剂为过氧化物。在该实施方案的一个方面中,所述的过氧化物为过氧化钠、过氧化氢、次氯酸钠、溴酸钠、高碘酸钠、过氧乙酸或过氧苯甲酸。在该实施方案的另一个方面中,所述的过氧化物为过氧化钠。在该实施方案中,所述的过氧化物为过氧化钠的水溶液。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在低于3的pH下进行。在该实施方案中,氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在低于2的pH下进行。进一步地,在该实施方案中,氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在低于1的pH下进行。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在高于30℃(包括30℃)的温度下进行。在该实施方案中,氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在高于40℃(包括40℃)的温度下进行。进一步地,在该实施方案中,氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在40℃-60℃(包括40℃或60℃)的温度下进行。进一步地,在该实施方案中,氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在50℃-55℃(包括50℃或55℃)的温度下进行。
用于对式II的硫化物进行氧化的步骤的优选溶剂包含含有有机溶剂的水溶液,所述的有机溶剂选自甲苯、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙醚、二甘醇二甲醚和甲基叔丁基醚。最优选的有机溶剂为甲苯。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,催化还原式III的化合物的步骤包含催化氢化。在该实施方案中,催化还原式III的化合物的步骤包含使用钯催化剂、铂催化剂或钌催化剂的催化氢化。在该实施方案中,催化还原式III的化合物的步骤包含使用钯催化剂的催化氢化。在该实施方案中,催化还原式III的化合物的步骤包含使用钯/炭催化剂的催化氢化。进一步地,在该实施方案中,催化还原式II的化合物的步骤包含使用10%钯/炭或5%钯/炭催化剂的催化氢化。
在本发明的一个备选的实施方案中,催化还原式III的化合物的步骤包含催化转移氢化。在该实施方案中,催化还原式III的化合物的步骤包含使用铑催化剂或钌催化剂和氢转移源催化转移氢化。在该实施方案中,铑催化剂可以选自双((五甲基环戊二烯基)铑氯化物)和双((环戊二烯基)铑氯化物),任选有交替的(alternate)配体存在。在该实施方案中,钌催化剂可以选自双((4-异丙基-亚苄基)钌氯化物)和双((环戊二烯基)钌氯化物),任选有交替地配体存在。在该实施方案中,氢转移源可以为酸或醇,诸如甲酸、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、异丁醇或正丁醇。在该实施方案中,碱任选与氢转移源一起存在。碱可以为无机碱,诸如选自氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠、碳酸钾或碳酸钠、碳酸氢钾或碳酸氢钠、醇钾或醇钠等的碱。醇盐可以来源于低级(C1-C5)或高级(>C6)伯、仲或叔醇类。
用于对式III的化合物进行催化还原步骤的溶剂包括含有醇的水溶液,所述的醇诸如选自甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、异丁醇或正丁醇的醇。在该实施方案中,所述的醇可以为甲醇。
术语″药学上可接受的盐″意旨由药学上可接受的无毒性碱或酸制备的盐,所述的无毒性碱或酸包括无机或有机碱和无机或有机酸。可以由药学上可接受的无毒性酸,包括无机酸和有机酸制备盐。这类酸包括乙酸、苯磺酸、苯甲酸、樟脑磺酸、柠檬酸、乙磺酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、谷氨酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、羟乙磺酸、乳酸、马来酸、苹果酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、粘酸、硝酸、扑酸、泛酸、磷酸、琥珀酸、硫酸、酒石酸、对甲苯磺酸等。特别优选苯磺酸、柠檬酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、马来酸、富马酸、琥珀酸和酒石酸。应理解,本文所用的涉及本发明化合物的含义还包括药学上可接受的盐。
用于本发明主题方法的原料和试剂为商购的或在文献中已知的或可以按照文献对类似化合物所述的方法制备。在进行反应或纯化所得反应产物的过程中需要的技术为本领域技术人员所公知。纯化操作步骤包括结晶、蒸馏、正相或反相色谱法。
提供下列实施例仅作为解释目的,并且绝不意味着以任何方式来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
Figure G200580038591020070515D000061
原料           MW        量              摩尔     密度
3-溴-茴香硫醚  203.10    2500g(1.66L)    12.31    1.51
2.3M己基锂                 5.6L            12.93
THF                        12.5L
1-Pr-哌啶酮    141.21      1826g(1.95L)    12.93     0.936
5N HCl                     5.9L            29.5
MTBE                       15L
在1小时内向在-45℃下的3-Br-茴香硫醚在THF中的溶液中加入Hex-Li,其中在整个添加过程中将反应温度维持在<-35℃。在添加完成时,检测该批量的原料转化成芳基-锂。将该批量保持在-35至-45℃下直到<0.5A%的3-Br-茴香硫醚。向-45℃下的该批量中缓慢加入1-丙基-4-哌啶酮,在整个添加过程中将反应温度维持在-35℃。在添加完成时,用THF冲洗加液漏斗并且使反应在<-35℃下持续(aged)10分钟。用5N HCl使反应猝灭,在猝灭过程中将温度维持在<20℃。向形成的淤浆中加入MTBE并且将该混合物冷却至0℃并且保持30分钟。过滤该淤浆并且用MTBE洗涤固体(1×5mL/g对原料Br-茴香硫醚)。在N2环境中干燥滤饼。
实施例2
Figure G200580038591020070515D000071
原料     MW                摩尔
醇       301.88    3.87Kg    12.8
硫酸     18M       710mL     12.8
甲苯               20L
水                 20L
砜-烯    247.41    (理论值=3.17kg)
将醇在甲苯中搅拌成淤浆并且加入硫酸。将该反应体系在回流状态下加热1-2小时,通过共沸以除去水。在完成时,将该反应体系冷却至70℃并且加入水。将该反应体系冷却至RT并且分离各相。向水相中加入甲苯(6L/kg)或5N NaOH(2eq.,~1.6L/Ag,pH>9),同时维持温度<30℃。分离各相并且用1N硫酸(1eq.H2SO4,~8L/kg,pH~1)处理有机相。分离各相并且使水相直接进行氧化反应。
实施例3
Figure G200580038591020070515D000081
原料                    MW                          摩尔     密度
硫化物-烯               247.41     3.30kg             13.34
Na2WO4×2H2O            329.85     43.9g              0.133
30% H2O2               34.01      3.78kg(3.41L)      33.35    1.110
5N NaOH(理论值1.5ml/g)             5.6L               12.0
1N NaOH                            5.6L
20%盐水                           5.6L
甲苯(理论值5ml/g)                  19L
正庚烷                             22.4L
砜-烯                   279.41    (理论值=3.73kg)    13.34
Na2SO3                  126.04     0.84kg             6.67
在0.5-1小时内向硫化物-烯在H2SO4水溶液中的溶液中加入Na2WO4×2H2O.H2O2(30%),同时将温度维持在低于55℃。将所得混合物在50-55℃下保持直至亚砜中间体为<0.5A%(1-2小时)。将所得混合物冷却至10℃并且加入甲苯(5L/kg),随后加入5N NaOH,同时将内部温度维持在<30℃。取下水层并且用1N NaOH洗涤甲苯层,随后用20%盐水洗涤。经检测甲苯层的产率一般为85-90%。将该反应体系浓缩至3ml/g总体积(10L),在此过程中,砜-烯从溶液中结晶。将该溶液温热至50-55℃并且加入庚烷(3mL/g),同时维持内部温度在50-55℃。在1小时内并50-55℃下向所得溶液中再加入庚烷(3ml/g)。在0.5-1小时内将所得淤浆冷却至23℃,持续0.5小时并且在室温下过滤。用1∶3甲苯/庚烷(4mL/g,12L)洗涤滤饼且然后在50℃下和用N2吹扫的真空中干燥。一般产率为75-80%,其中纯度>99wt.%和99A%。向在23℃下合并的水层(5N NaOH后,1N NaOH洗涤后,20%盐水洗涤后的水层)中加入固体Na2SO3,直到通过Quantofix试验条证实过氧化物试验成阴性。出现~3℃的放热。
实施例4
Figure G200580038591020070515D000091
原料             MW                      摩尔            密度
砜-烯            279.41    3.00kg          10.74
10%Pd/C                   600kg
HCO2H            46.02     2.47kg(2.03L)   53.68(5eq.)     1.22
IPA                        15L
H2O                        6L
游离碱           281.41   (理论值=3.02kg) 10.74
5N NaOH                    7.5L            37.58(3.5eq.)
MTBE(10ml/g)               30L
H2O(3ml/g)                 9.0L
在IPA中的5N HCl            2.58L           12.88(1.2eq.)
IPA(9.2mL/g)               27.6L
HCl盐            317.88   (理论值=3.41kg) 10.74
向砜-烯在IPA中的淤浆中加入HCO2H(5eq.)。向所得溶液中加入10%Pd/C在水中的混悬液(5ml/g)。将该混悬液在RT下保持16-24小时,直到砜-烯<0.10A%。将该批量通过solka floe垫过滤并且用1∶1 IPA/水(2mL/g)淋洗滤饼。对合并的滤液或冲洗物进行典型检测产率为95-98%。将滤液转至含有预冷却至15℃的5N NaOH和MTBE的100L萃取容器中。分离水相并且用H2O洗涤MTBE相(3mL/g)。将MTBE层浓缩至4m1/g总体积(12L),用IPA(2×5ml/g)冲洗以除去MTBE和水,然后在IPA中稀释至9ml/g(典型H2O含量=0.5-1%)。将滤液温至65℃并且加入在IPA中的5N HCl。将所得淤浆温热至75-80℃,直到所有固体溶解。缓慢冷却该溶液并且在65-70℃下接种纯的HCl盐。使该淤浆保持在65-70℃下1小时,且然后在1小时内缓慢冷却至23℃。过滤该淤浆,用IPA(3ml/g)洗涤并且用N2干燥。
尽管描述了本发明并且参照其某些具体实施方案进行了解释,但是本领域技术人员可以理解可以在不脱离本发明实质和范围的情况下对操作步骤和方案进行各种改变、变化、修饰、替代、缺省或添加。例如,可以使用非上文所列具体条件的反应条件作为由上述本发明方法制备所述化合物的试剂或方法中的变化形式的结果。同样,可以按照和依赖于存在的特定取代基或制备条件的不同改变原料的特异性反应性,并且本发明的目的或实施关注这类预期的结果中的变化形式或差别。因此,本发明意欲由如下的权利要求的范围限定且将这类权利要求解释为宽范围是合理的。

Claims (15)

1.制备式I的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
Figure F200580038591020070515C000011
该方法包含:用催化氧化剂和氧化剂氧化式II的硫化物
Figure F200580038591020070515C000012
得到式III的化合物:
Figure F200580038591020070515C000013
随后催化还原式III的化合物;
得到式I的化合物:
Figure F200580038591020070515C000014
或其药学上可接受的盐。
2.权利要求1所述的方法,其进一步包含:用强酸使式Ia的醇脱水:
Figure F200580038591020070515C000021
得到式II的硫化物。
3.权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述的强酸选自硫酸、盐酸、氢氟酸、硝酸和三氟乙酸。
4.权利要求3所述的方法,其中使用强酸使式Ia的醇脱水在选自甲苯、二甲苯、己烷和水的溶剂中进行。
5.权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述的催化氧化剂为钨氧化剂。
6.权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述的钨氧化剂为钨酸钠。
7.权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述的氧化剂为过氧化物。
8.权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述的过氧化物为过氧化钠。
9.权利要求1所述的方法,其中氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在低于2的pH下进行。
10.权利要求1所述的方法,其中氧化式II的硫化物的步骤在40℃-60℃的温度下进行。
11.权利要求1所述的方法,其中式III的化合物的催化还原包含使用钯催化剂、铂催化剂或钌催化剂的催化氢化。
12.权利要求11所述的方法,其中式III的化合物的催化还原包含使用钯催化剂的催化氢化。
13.权利要求12所述的方法,其中式III的化合物的催化还原包含使用钯/炭催化剂的催化氢化。
14.权利要求13所述的方法,其中式III的化合物的催化还原包含使用10%钯/炭催化剂的催化氢化。
15.权利要求14所述的方法,其中式III的化合物的催化还原步骤在含有醇的水溶液中进行。
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