Background technology
Modern age, the breeding work of pig developed rapidly, had obtained brilliant achievement, and the production performance of pig improves greatly, and the speed of growth of pig is more and more faster.But when growth speed of pigs being carried out the high strength selection, but ignored selection to resistance, cause modern pig kind to external world stress sensitiveness strengthen, add and use high energy feed, closed intensive farm, make some biological characteristics of pig be damaged, pig stress syndrome also increase year by year, has caused serious economy loss to pig industry.After so-called pig stress syndrome (PSS) be meant that pig is subjected to the abnormal stimulation of extraneous multiple undesirable element, be in when nervous or on the alert a series of nerves that presented, endocrine reaction, thereby the general designation of the nonspecific defense reaction that causes.In the Swine Production, cause pig only stress factor and link a lot, common stressor has: bad microclimate environment factor (as high temperature, low temperature, intense radiation, very noisy, low pressure, harmful wind, NH in the air
3, H
2Harmful gas concentrations such as S are high excessively), the invasion and attack of feeding and management factor (as reload, stocking density is excessive, wean, change the group, drive, arrest, castration, play overbit, docking etc.), infectious disease, pessimal stimulation in transit, to the high strength seed selection of production performance and utilization etc.Stress harmful effect all be arranged to the health of pig and productivity, reproductive capacity, meat matter etc.Pig only be subjected to stress the time, the cortex hormone of aadrenaline secretion is strengthened, glycogen and fatty mobilization and decomposition in the body have been quickened, protein disintegrates, growing of pig is obstructed, the speed of growth is slowed down or stagnation, body weight descend, the price of deed is low, herd boar shows as that sexual hypoesthesia, semen quality descend, conception rate reduces, and embryo's absorption in early days, fetal anomaly, miscarriage, difficult labour, stillborn foetus or phenomenon such as infertile then appear in sow, the newborn piglet birth weight is little, and survival rate is low etc.Pig only be subjected to stress the time, opposed body and immunity obviously descend, and some infectious diseases and parasitic disease neurological susceptibility are strengthened, and cause the popular of various diseases, pig is only dead in serious causing.
In recent years, some experts and scholars are by using anti stress immunity enhancing agent to improve the resistance of animal body both at home and abroad, obtained certain achievement on the one hand at this, development of new anti stress immunity enhancing agent efficiently is one of research focus of raising pigs in recent years.Discover that both at home and abroad oligosaccharide is desirable anti stress immunity enhancing agent, mainly the microbiota balance realizes in the animal intestinal by regulating in its effect.Fructo-oligosaccharide is because of the structure specificity, can not be digested by the digestive ferment of animal itself, fructo-oligosaccharide monose is intermolecular with β-1, the combination of 2-glycosidic bond, and the enzyme of the animal secretion α-1 that can only degrade itself, the 4-glycosidic bond, therefore after they enter small intestine with undegradable form, can not be utilized by pathogen (as the large intestine salmonella), can only be decomposed by beneficial microbe (as Bacillus acidi lactici, Bifidobacterium) and utilize, produce CO
2And volatile fatty acid, promote the prolific while of beneficial bacterium, the enteron aisle pH value is descended, directly suppress (acid suppresses and interspecies competition suppresses) growth of pathogenic bacteria so on the one hand, enteron aisle reduction potential (Eh) is reduced, have the effect of regulating the enteron aisle normal creepage of gastrointestinal functions, stop the field planting of pathogen in enteron aisle indirectly, thereby play the effect of the MF of beneficial bacterium.Fructo-oligosaccharide also by activating the cytophagous activate the phagocytic capacity of body, improves medicine and anti-infection ability in addition, serves as immunostimulating confactor.Use anti stress immunity enhancing agent about pig, report more also have some vitamins (vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin E), trace element (as selenium), organic acid (as butanedioic acid, malic acid etc.) etc., alleviate the medicine (as sodium bicarbonate, allicin etc.) of poisoning also have good control pig stress effect.
Shortcomings such as yet many researchs only limit to the effect of certain single component, and this anti stress immunity enhancing agent existence effect instability, effect are not outstanding.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides that a kind of effect is good, the pig of stable performance is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, to reduce in the Swine Production economic loss that stress disease causes.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is: a boar is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, and its component and weight proportion are: citric acid, 13-21%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 15-25%; Vitamin C, 2-3%; Vitamin E, 0.5-1%; Vitamin B1,0.4-1.0%; Cobalamin, 0.1-0.6%; Allicin, 1-4%; Astragalus polyose, 1-6%; Bacitracin Zinc, 3-5%; Surplus is a carrier.
The preferred corn protein powder of described carrier.
Preferably, described pig with the weight proportion of each component of anti stress immunity enhancing agent is: citric acid, 21%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 25%; Vitamin C, 2%; Vitamin E, 0.5%; Vitamin B1,0.4%; Cobalamin, 0.1%; Allicin, 1%; Astragalus polyose, 1%; Bacitracin Zinc, 3%; Corn protein powder, 46%.
Preferably, described pig with the weight proportion of each component of anti stress immunity enhancing agent is: citric acid, 20%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 23%; Vitamin C, 2%; Vitamin E, 0.5%; Vitamin B1,0.5%; Cobalamin, 0.2%; Allicin, 1.5%; Astragalus polyose, 1.5%; Bacitracin Zinc, 3%; Corn protein powder, 47.8%.
Preferably, described pig with the weight proportion of each component of anti stress immunity enhancing agent is: citric acid, 19%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 21%; Vitamin C, 2%; Vitamin E, 0.5%; Vitamin B1,0.6%; Cobalamin, 0.3%; Allicin, 2%; Astragalus polyose, 3%; Bacitracin Zinc, 4%; Corn protein powder, 47.6%.
Preferably, described pig with the weight proportion of each component of anti stress immunity enhancing agent is: citric acid, 17%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 18%; Vitamin C, 3%; Vitamin E, 1%; Vitamin B1,0.7%; Cobalamin, 0.4%; Allicin, 2.5%; Astragalus polyose, 4.5%; Bacitracin Zinc, 4%; Corn protein powder, 48.9%.
Preferably, described pig with the weight proportion of each component of anti stress immunity enhancing agent is: citric acid, 15%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 16%; Vitamin C, 3%; Vitamin E, 1%; Vitamin B1,0.8%; Cobalamin, 0.5%; Allicin, 3%; Astragalus polyose, 5%; Bacitracin Zinc, 5%; Corn protein powder, 50.7%.
Preferably, described pig with the weight proportion of each component of anti stress immunity enhancing agent is: citric acid, 13%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 16%; Vitamin C, 3%; Vitamin E, 1%; Vitamin B1,0.9%; Cobalamin, 0.6%; Allicin, 3.5%; Astragalus polyose, 5.5%; Bacitracin Zinc, 5%; Corn protein powder, 51.5%.
Pig of the present invention is each component to be mixed get final product with the simple preparation method of anti stress immunity enhancing agent, but can consider to mix earlier a part by embodiment, always mixes again, and this is an optimal way.
During application, in swine rations, add the pig of the present invention of 0.5%-3% and use anti stress immunity enhancing agent, be preferably 1%-2%, also can be made into corresponding pig's feed.
The present invention has following advantage: (1) can improve the feed intake of pig, promotes growth; (2) can strengthen the immunity of pig, prevention and treatment pig in wean, transportation, change the diarrhoea that occurs in group's process, stinging tail, anorexia etc. stress disease; (3) this anti stress immunity enhancing agent prescription is reasonable, and its raw material source is stable, with low cost, and production technology is simple.The present invention is the inventor on the basis of the composite efficacy of the multiple composition of further investigation, prescription carried out repeated screening makes, and has that effect is good, the advantage of stable performance.
The present invention in the Hunan, many pig farms on ground such as Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Guangdong have carried out a large amount of application tests, prove that it has the growth of promotion, improves efficiency of feed utilization, improves reproductive performance, improves functions such as animal immunizing power, prevent disease.
The specific embodiment
Detailed description below by the specific embodiment is further illustrated, but is not limitation of the present invention, only does the example explanation.
1, pig is used the preparation embodiment of anti stress immunity enhancing agent
Table 1 is 6 concrete prescriptions of the embodiment of the invention one to embodiment six.
Table 1.6 a concrete prescription (unit: kilogram)
| Prescription 1 | Prescription 2 | Prescription 3 | Prescription 4 | Prescription 5 | Prescription 6 |
Citric acid | 21 | 20 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 13 |
Fructo-oligosaccharide | 25 | 23 | 21 | 18 | 16 | 16 |
Vitamin C | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
Vitamin E | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Vitamin B1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
Cobalamin | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Allicin | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 3.5 |
Astragalus polyose | 1 | 1.5 | 3 | 4.5 | 5 | 5.5 |
Bacitracin Zinc | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
Corn protein powder | 46 | 47.8 | 47.6 | 48.9 | 50.7 | 51.5 |
1.1 embodiment one
Take by weighing each component by prescription 1 in the table 1, the first step, accurately 0.1 kilogram of Cobastab of weighing
12, 0.4 kilogram of Cobastab
1, 0.5 kilogram of vitamin E, 2 kilograms of vitamin Cs, above-mentioned 4 kinds of raw materials are combined together the compound 1 that stirs and obtain; In second step, accurately 1 kilogram of allicin of weighing, 1 kilogram of astragalus polyose, 3 kilograms of Bacitracin Zincs are combined together the compound 2 that stirs and obtain with compound 1; In the 3rd step, accurately 21 kilograms of citric acids of weighing, 25 kilograms of fructo-oligosaccharides are combined together the compound 3 that stirs and obtain with compound 2; In the 4th step, accurately 46 kilograms of corn protein powders of weighing are combined together with compound 3, stir to obtain 100 kilograms of pig usefulness anti stress immunity enhancing agents.
1.2 embodiment two
Take by weighing each raw material components by prescription 2 in the table 1, its preparation method is identical with embodiment's one, makes pig and uses 100 kilograms of anti stress immunity enhancing agents.
1.3 embodiment three
Take by weighing each raw material components by prescription 3 in the table 1, its preparation method is identical with embodiment's one, makes pig and uses 100 kilograms of anti stress immunity enhancing agents.
1.4 embodiment four
Take by weighing each raw material components by prescription 4 in the table 1, its preparation method is identical with embodiment's one, makes pig and uses 100 kilograms of anti stress immunity enhancing agents.
1.5 embodiment five
Take by weighing each raw material components by prescription 5 in the table 1, its preparation method is identical with embodiment's one, makes pig and uses 100 kilograms of anti stress immunity enhancing agents.
1.6 embodiment six
Take by weighing each raw material components by prescription six in the table 1, its preparation method is identical with embodiment's one, makes pig and uses 100 kilograms of anti stress immunity enhancing agents.
2, Application Example
Below by concrete test the effect of pig of the present invention with anti stress immunity enhancing agent is described.
2.1 test one: the application test in weanling pig
1) selection of piglet, grouping and daily ration are formed
Select to consider that with 60 of the close assorted healthy piglets of the binary of growing up of batch weanling weight sex, body weight are not divided into three groups of A, B, C at random with nest, 20 every group, male and female half and half, initial body weight proves the branch reasonable set through variance analysis difference not significantly (P>0.05).The A group is contrast, do not add any other substance B in the basal diet, C is a test group for two groups, the B group is added 1% anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment one) in basal diet, the C group is added 2% anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment one) in basal diet.
2) feeding and management of piglet
Feed in each component hurdle, the hurdle house is full slotted floor, and environmental condition is basic identical.Carry out immunization inocultation, expelling parasite, castration etc. before the test.The powder dry feeding, free choice feeding and freely drinking water.Other carries out routinely.
3) mensuration project and analytical method
Observe swinery every day, record food consumption and diarrhoea situation claim pig heavy eventually on an empty stomach during off-test, deduct from total feed consumption after the residual feed weighing in the hopper.Calculate indexs such as daily gain, material anharmonic ratio, diarrhea rate, the death rate, whole weight, weightening finish and daily gain are adopted F check and multiple ratio.
4) result of the test
Each is organized the test pig growth performance and sees Table 2.
The performance of table 2. test pig growth performance
Group | Control group A | B (1% immunopotentiator) | C (2% immunopotentiator) |
Starting weight, (Kg/ head) is heavy eventually, (Kg/ head) weightening finish, (Kg/ head) daily gain, (g/ head day) feed consumption, (Kg/ head) daily ingestion amount, (g/ head day) material anharmonic ratio | 9.63±1.60 24.59±3.36
a 14.88±2.28
a 531.58±81.36
a 24.64 880 1.66
| 9.55±1.75 25.44±3.31
b15.89±2.23
b567.50±79.64
b25.73 920 1.62
| 9.75±1.73 25.92±3.47
b16.17±2.34
b577.50±79.86
b25.79 920 1.59
|
AbAlphabetical identical person represents difference not remarkable (P>0.05) in the same column
As can be seen from Table 2, behind the anti stress immunity enhancing agent of interpolation embodiment one, piglet daily gain, appetite and efficiency of feed utilization all are improved in the daily ration.From the daily gain situation, behind the anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment one) of interpolation 1% and 2%, improve 6.76% and 8.64% (P<0.05) than control group A respectively in the daily ration, the addition in the daily ration is increased at 2% o'clock by 1%, heavy eventually and daily gain further improves, but difference is not remarkable; From the feed intake analysis, behind the interpolation anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment one), can improve piglet appetite, increase feed intake (two test group improve 4.54% than control group); Though efficiency of feed utilization is comparatively approaching, also the order with A, B, C increases progressively.
The diarrhoea and the death condition of test pig see Table 3.
The diarrhoea of table 3. test pig and death condition table
Group | Control group A | B (1% immunopotentiator) | C (2% immunopotentiator) |
A test number test fate diarrhoea head time diarrhea rate (%) | 20 28 126 22.50 | 20 28 59 10.54 | 20 28 54 9.64 |
As can be seen from the test results, add anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment one) in the daily ration after, the grice diarrhoea rate reduces greatly, this explanation is added anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment one) in daily ration and can effectively be suppressed piglet white scour.
Performance of analysis-by-synthesis test pig growth performance and test pig diarrhea rate situation can be reached a conclusion: add anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment one) in the daily ration ablactation stress is had good effect.
2.2 test two: the application test in the growth pig
1) test pig, daily ration are formed and feeding and management
84 of growth pigs about selection body weight 35Kg are divided into 2 groups at random by body weight and sex, 48 every group, the A group is control group, the basal diet of feeding, and the B group is test group, in basal diet, add 1% anti stress immunity enhancing agent (joining embodiment two), 30 days experimental periods.
2) feeding and management of test pig
All participate in the experiment pig people's every day for give to drive for 2-3 time stress, drive at every turn and continue half an hour, the equal free choice feeding of the pig of participating in the experiment is freely drunk water, and carries out castration, expelling parasite before the test. routine works such as immunity.Test is responsible for by the special messenger.
3) mensuration project and analytical method
The mensuration project comprises material anharmonic ratio, daily gain, diarrhea rate, feed intake etc.Disposable clearing when food consumption arrives off-test are weighed and are all carried out on an empty stomach in the morning, write down the situations such as behavior, body condition and diarrhoea of pig every day.
4) result of the test
The every production performance index of pig of participating in the experiment sees Table 4.
The production performance index of table 4. test pig
Group | Starting weight (Kg) | End heavy (Kg) | Daily gain (g) | Daily ingestion amount (g) | The material anharmonic ratio | Diarrhea rate (%) |
A group B group | 36.21 35.29 | 54.07 56.11 | 595 694
* | 1292 1346 | 2.17 1.94 | 10.50 8.50 |
The result shows, the daily gain of test group than control group improve 16.64%, average daily ingestion amount than control group improve 4.18%, efficiency of feed utilization also improves greatly, add in the daily ration anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment two) can improve the growth pig to drive stress resistivity.
2.3 test three: the application test in weanling pig
1) test piglet, daily ration are formed and feeding and management
Select 48 of 28 age in days weanling pigs, be divided into two groups of A, B at random, 24 every group by body weight and sex.The A group is control group, and the B group is test group, the control group fed basal diet, and test group is added 1% anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment three) in basal diet.
2) mensuration project and analytical method
The mensuration project comprises material anharmonic ratio, daily gain, diarrhea rate, feed intake etc.Disposable clearing when food consumption arrives off-test are weighed and are all carried out on an empty stomach in the morning, write down the situations such as behavior, body condition and diarrhoea of pig every day.Off-test the same day test group and control group respectively select 5 pigs to butcher, sterile working is got each intestinal segment content of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, colon and is measured flora quantity.
3) result of the test
The production performance index of piglet sees Table 5.
The production performance index of table 5. piglet
Group | Starting weight (Kg) | End heavy (Kg) | Daily gain (g/d) | Feed intake (g/d) | The material anharmonic ratio | Diarrhea rate % |
The control group test group | 7.21 7.29 | 11.57 12.32 | 290.10 335.32 | 475 506 | 1.64 1.51 | 21 13 |
The control group daily gain is lower than test group, significant difference (P<0.05), and test group improves 15.59% than control group." anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment three) " show tangible growth promoting function; In the whole test phase, two hurdle piglets of test group all show stronger appetite, and feed intake is higher.The average daily ingestion amount of test group improves 6.53% than control group, and main cause is the palatability that the interpolation of " anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment three) " has improved daily ration, has strengthened the appetite of piglet; From the material anharmonic ratio, add 1% " anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment three) " in the daily ration after, efficiency of feed utilization improves 8%; The test group diarrhea rate reduces by 38.1% than control group.The interpolation of " anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment three) " can significantly reduce the generation of grice diarrhoea, especially early stage effect more obvious.
The variation of intestine of young pigs microbial population sees Table 6.
The variation of flora in table 6 intestine of young pigs
Group | Duodenum | Jejunum | Ileum | Caecum | Colon |
Bifidobacterium | The test group control group | 5.04 4.84 | 5.52
*** 6.46
| 6.53 6.35 | 7.14
** 6.10
| 8.00 7.44 |
Bacteroid | The test group control group | 5.15 4.50 | 5.40 5.66 | 6.21 5.79 | 6.29
** 5.04
| 7.18 5.53 |
Enterococcus | The test group control group | 5.99 6.06 | 5.95 7.31 | 6.63 7.04 | 7.60 8.47 | 9.05 9.16 |
Annotate:
*P<0.05,
* *P<0.01
The result that the duodenum of test group and control group piglet, jejunum, ileum, caecum, each intestinal segment content of colon are measured flora quantity shows (seeing Table 6): add 0.05% VREF preparation in 28 age in days weanling pig daily rations, after feeding 15 days, the quantity of Bifidobacterium and bacteroid is than the obvious increase of control group in the intestine of young pigs, wherein the Bifidobacterium quantity of jejunum, caecum is significantly higher than control group and (is respectively P<0.01, P<0.05), enterococcus quantity does not have remarkable increase.As can be seen from the test results, " anti stress immunity enhancing agent (embodiment three) " have the growth of promotion, improve efficiency of feed utilization, improve functions such as animal immunizing power, prevent disease.