CN1615727A - Oligose fodder additive and its producing method - Google Patents
Oligose fodder additive and its producing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1615727A CN1615727A CNA2003101135154A CN200310113515A CN1615727A CN 1615727 A CN1615727 A CN 1615727A CN A2003101135154 A CNA2003101135154 A CN A2003101135154A CN 200310113515 A CN200310113515 A CN 200310113515A CN 1615727 A CN1615727 A CN 1615727A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an oligose fodder additive and its production process and aims at providing a kind of oligose fodder additive with low added amount and obtain effect. The oligose fodder additive has at least one of galacto-manno oligose and gluco-manno oligose, the galacto-manno oligose is tetrasaccharide to decasaccharide and has the monosaccharide composition of mannose and galactose in the ratio of 2-3, and the gluco-manno oligose is disaccharide to octasaccharide and has the monosaccharide composition of mannose and glucose in the ratio of 2-3. Adding the oligose fodder additive in amount of 0.08-0.2 % into fodder can prevent diarrhea of animal, raise the immunity and raise the production performance. The present invention may be used in various farm animals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of feed addictive and production method thereof in the field of fodder, particularly a kind of oligosaccharide feed additive and production method thereof.
Background technology
Use all drawbacks that antibiotic brought in feed, be familiar with by more and more countries and culturist, many countries are forbidden by legislation, and the natural growth improver for livestock and poultry of noresidue is subjected to people's attention day by day.
Replacing antibiotic exploitation " green feed " with natural active matters such as oligosaccharides, will be an important trend of feedstuff industry development.Oligosaccharides is meant by two to ten monosaccharide units and couples together a class sugar that forms straight chain or tool branch by glycosidic bond, many oligosaccharides class materials have special physiological functions such as iuntercellular information identification, from present research, oligosaccharides mainly contains following effect to animal body: promote growth of animal; Control diarrhoea; Strengthen animal immunizing power; Improve disease resistance of animals; Reduce the amount of corrupt substances such as ammonia in ight soil and the ight soil; Improve the absorptivity of animal to nutriment; Reduce serum cholesterol; Defaecation etc.Therefore the application of the oligosaccharides animal-breeding that is highly advantageous to.Functional manna oligosacchride is one of kind that has very much in the feed addictive development potentiality.Deficiencies in feed applications such as all antibiotic, probiotic before oligosaccharides has overcome, consumption is few, pure natural, noresidue and stability are strong, and it is low to have a production cost, effect obviously, characteristics such as be easy to apply, can effectively be applied in the feedstuff industry.So far the oligosaccharides kind that has been used for feed addictive has FOS, isomaltulose and yeast manna oligosacchride etc., and the feeding experiment of animals such as pig, chicken, rabbit confirms the animal weightening finish is improved significantly, and has improved efficiency of feed utilization, has reduced the discharging of nuisance.
Effect yeast manna oligosacchride preferably derives from the extract of yeast cells, be to pass through with α-1 by mannose and glucose, the oligosaccharides that 6 glycosidic bonds connect and compose, it is reported that the yeast manna oligosacchride has following function: by optimizing intestinal microecology system, formation is the gut flora of dominant bacteria with Bifidobacterium and Bacillus acidi lactici, and the host is played useful health care; Pathogenic microorganism there are identification, adhesion and eliminating effect; Can be used as immunomodulator, have the effect that activating immune system is replied.This characteristic also causes the interest that people are very big.People generally believe that the yeast manna oligosacchride can strengthen the nospecific immunity of animal at present.Improve the existing report of research of livestock and poultry production performance aspect about the yeast manna oligosacchride; report shows that the yeast manna oligosacchride can improve weightening finish and the feed conversion rate of pig; its reason is that the yeast manna oligosacchride has protection and trophism to intestinal tissue, and the energy that the metabolism of minimizing enterocyte is saved is used for the lean tissue growth.Relevant compound sugar is more to the research of weanling pig gastrointestinal microflora, alimentary canal ecological environment and growth performance, but the result is not the same, and its reason is many-sided.The first, oligosaccharides kind difference, action effect is also different; The second, the raising condition of animal is very big to the additive effect influence of oligosaccharides, and theoretically, its action effect is more remarkable under the extensive situation; The 3rd, whether add antibiotic in the daily ration and the antibiotic addition influences result of the test.
The feeding oligosaccharides that uses can not replace antibiotic fully at present, uses in feed in the oligosaccharides, and half amount that antibiotic is still measured is routinely added.
The innovation and creation content
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of addition is low, effect tangible oligosaccharide feed additive and production method thereof.
Oligosaccharide feed additive provided by the present invention, be with at least a in galactomannan-oligosaccharide and the grape manna oligosacchride be active ingredient; Described galactomannan-oligosaccharide is four to ten sugar, and its monose is formed and ratio is a mannose: galactolipin=2: 1-3: 1; Described grape manna oligosacchride is two to eight sugar, and its monose is formed and ratio is a mannose: glucose=2: 1-3: 1.
Wherein, when the active ingredient of oligosaccharide feed additive was galactomannan-oligosaccharide, the monose of described galactomannan-oligosaccharide was formed and ratio is preferably mannose: galactolipin=2: 1-3: 1; When the active ingredient of oligosaccharide feed additive was the grape manna oligosacchride, the monose of described grape manna oligosacchride was formed and ratio is preferably mannose: glucose=2: 1-3: 1.
Described galactomannan-oligosaccharide is to be raw material with sesbania gum and/or melon glue, obtains by the 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis.Described 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis step is: in 54-56 ℃ warm water, order adds Na
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, 'beta '-mannase, sesbania gum and/or melon glue, and insulation transfers to 5.5-6.0 with pH after 15-17 hour, adds active carbon again, is warming up to 95-100 ℃ and kept 15 minutes then.
Described grape manna oligosacchride is to be raw material with the SKGM, obtains by the 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis.Described 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis step is: in 54-56 ℃ warm water, order adds Na
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, 'beta '-mannase, SKGM (konjaku powder), and insulation transfers to 5.5-6.0 with pH after 15-17 hour, adds active carbon again, is warming up to 95-100 ℃ and kept 15 minutes then.
A kind of method of producing oligosaccharide feed additive is that the agricultural product that are rich in the mannans material with sesbania gum and/or melon glue and/or SKGM (konjaku powder) etc. are raw material, and by the 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis, enzymolysis liquid obtains through post processing again.
Described 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis step can be in 54-56 ℃ warm water, and order adds Na
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, 'beta '-mannase, sesbania gum and/or melon glue and/or SKGM (konjaku powder), and insulation transfers to 5.5-6.0 with pH after 15-17 hour, adds active carbon again, is warming up to 95-100 ℃ and kept 15 minutes then.
The post-processing step of described enzymolysis liquid comprises purifying, concentrated and dry.
Above-mentioned enzymolysis liquid after filtration, concentrate, from glue, spray-drying, can prepare the manna oligosacchride of the straight or branched that is connected to form with β-1,4 glycosidic bond.
Galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive of the present invention adds 0.05-0.2% in the weanling pig daily ration in early days, can obviously improve average daily ingestion amount and average daily gain, and can reduce the generation of diarrhoea.The galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive can replace antibiotic in the weanling pig daily ration in early days fully, and can obtain better production performance.
The effect of galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive of the present invention in meat chick daily ration can substitute the antibiotic in the feed to a certain extent; Simultaneously, the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive can increase the immunity function of body fluid, improves serum newcastle epidemic disease antibody titre.When using simultaneously with antibiotic, the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive of interpolation 0.08% and aureomycin and the salinomycin of 50ppm in feed, the feed intake of meat chick, daily gain and feed efficiency are better.
Grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive of the present invention adds 0.05%-0.1% in the daily ration of otter rabbit growth period, can make its growth rate obtain steady raising.In the 4-6 experimental stage in age in week, to compare with the body weight of basal diet group, the antibiotic group improves 5.71%, and grape manna oligosacchride group increase rate reaches 16.16%; In the 7-9 experimental stage in age in week, to compare with the body weight of basal diet group, the antibiotic group improves 9.86%, and grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive group increase rate is up to 27.33%.Studies show that its fur quality also had very large improvement when grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive improved the comprehensive physique of otter rabbit.In feed, add 0.08-0.2% oligosaccharide feed additive of the present invention, under the situation that antibiotic-free adds, reduced the animal diarrhea rate, improved immunity of organisms and breeding performonce fo animals, be beneficial to the antibiotic residue problem that solves animal product, thereby win higher culture benefit.
Oligosaccharide feed additive of the present invention can be widely used in the raising of livestock and poultry, has wide industrial prospect.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, be that raw material is produced the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive with the sesbania gum
2.5 adorn 1.8 tons of water in the ton retort, be warming up to 55 ℃, order adds Na
2CO
34.8 kilogram, NaHCO
33 kilograms, 'beta '-mannase 1.8 * 10
7Unit, 180 kilograms of sesbania gums.150 rev/mins of mixing speeds, 55 ℃ are incubated 16 hours.Transfer pH to 5.5-6.0 with HCl, add 10 kilograms of granular active carbons, be warming up to 100 ℃ and kept 15 minutes, be cooled to 70 ℃ and put jar, filter with sheet frame, cross the zwitterion exchange column, concentrate at 70-80 ℃ with the decompression concentration tank, spray-drying obtains the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive.Galactomannan-oligosaccharide content is more than 80%, and the oligosaccharides key component is a 4-10 sugar, and contents of monosaccharides is below 5%, and the monose of oligosaccharides consists of mannose and galactolipin, and ratio is about 2: 1.
Embodiment 2, be that raw material is produced grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive with the konjaku powder
2.5 adorn 1.8 tons of water in the ton retort, be warming up to 55 ℃, order adds Na
2CO
34.8 kilogram, NaHCO
33 kilograms, 'beta '-mannase 1.8 * 10
7Unit, 180 kilograms of konjaku powders.150 rev/mins of mixing speeds, 55 ℃ are incubated 16 hours.Transfer pH to 5.5-6.0 with HCl, add 10 kilograms of granular active carbons, be warming up to 100 ℃ and kept 15 minutes, be cooled to 70 ℃ and put jar, filter with sheet frame, cross the zwitterion exchange column, concentrate at 70-0 ℃ with the decompression concentration tank, spray-drying obtains grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive.Grape manna oligosacchride content is more than 80%, and the oligosaccharides key component is a 2-8 sugar, and contents of monosaccharides is below 10%, and the monose of oligosaccharides consists of mannose and glucose, and ratio is about 2: 1.
Embodiment 3, galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive are to the influence of meat chick production performance and immunity function
The AA meat chick that to select 360 average weights for use be 42.44 ± 0.17g, the research galactomannan-oligosaccharide is to the influence of meat chick production performance and immunity function.As shown in table 1, test is divided into four processing (antibiotic group, 0.08% galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive+antibiotic group, 0.12% galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive+antibiotic group, 0.12% galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive group), 6 repetitions of every processing, 15 chickens of every repetition are surveyed the newcastle epidemic disease antibody titre at the 38th day heart sterile blood sampling.
Table 1 experimental design
Handle 1-3 week 4-6 the 7th week of week
I antibiotic 1 antibiotic
II 0.08%MOS
2+ antibiotic 0.08%MOS+ antibiotic 0.08%MOS
III 0.12%MOS+ antibiotic 0.12%MOS+ antibiotic 0.12%MOS
IV?????????0.12％MOS?????????????0.12％MOS???????????0.12％MOS
1The aureomycin addition is 50ppm, and salinomycin is 40ppm
2MOS is the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive
Feeding and management is with reference to " Avian meat chick is raised handbook and carried out free choice feeding and drinking-water.Immune programme for children is successively: passed in the 7th day and ewcastle disease bigeminy seedling head exempts from (collunarium eye droppings); Carried out bursa of farbricius head on the 14th day and exempt from (collunarium eye droppings); Carried out the bursa of farbricius two on the 21st day and exempt from (drinking-water immunity); Passed in the 28th day to prop up and exempt from (drinking-water immunity) with ewcastle disease bigeminy seedling two.
When 38 ages in days, each handles every 2 chickens of repeating to randomly draw, aseptic heart blood sampling 5ml, and separation of serum ,-20 ℃ of preservations are to be measured.Each is handled each and repeats to randomly draw 2 chickens when 49 ages in days, slaughter anatomical isolation immune organ (thymus gland, spleen and the bursa of farbricius) and weigh and the live body heavy phase than calculating relative weight.
By the said method process, feed galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive of the present invention, the effect in meat chick daily ration can substitute the antibiotic in the feed to a certain extent; Simultaneously, the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive can significantly improve the level (P＜0.05) (table 2) of serum newcastle epidemic disease antibody titre, can increase the immunity function of body fluid.When the two uses simultaneously, the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive of interpolation 0.08% and aureomycin and the salinomycin of 50ppm in feed, the feed intake of meat chick, daily gain and feed efficiency are better.
Table 2, galactomannan-oligosaccharide is to the influence of NDV vaccine serum antibody titer (Mean ± SD)
Handle I II III IV
Antibody titer 5.0 ± 1.0 7.0 ± 1.3 7.0 ± 0.8 6.5 ± 0.8
Embodiment 3, galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive are to the influence of piglet production performance
Select 72 of body weight 8.4 ± 0.27kg Du * length * big 28 days weanling pigs for use, be divided into 3 processing at random, each handles 6 repetitions, and each repeats 4 pigs.Being provided with of processed group is as shown in table 3, handles three groups of daily rations and is respectively: the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive of handling 1:0.12%; Handle the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive of aureomycin+0.08% of 2:50ppm; Handle the aureomycin of 3:100ppm.
Feeding and management: hive off immediately behind the weaned piglet and change child care over to and give up, all colony houses are online flat supporting, slit-aperture type reinforcing bar floor, hurdle house area 2 * 2m
2, the totally enclosed type pig house ventilates with exhaust fan, free choice feeding and nipple-shape water fountain drinking-water.The pig house mean temperature is 25 ℃.Test is by the personal management, special messenger's record, and other daily management is carried out routinely.Strict with this research department's immunity and prophylactic procedures operation.
The combined situation of several additives of table 3 processed group
* (galactomannan-oligosaccharide)
Table 4 galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive is to the influence of piglet production performance
*A, shoulder mark different person's significant differences (p＜0.05) between the b colleague
Result of the test is as shown in table 4, show that one group (556g/d) the highest handled in average daily gain in three processed group, handle three groups take second place (519g/d), handle two groups (473g/d) the poorest relatively, and handle one group, handle two groups between significant difference (p＜0.05); Handle one group average daily gain and improve 17.55%, improve 7.13% than handling three groups than handling two.Average daily ingestion amount handles one group, handle two groups between significant difference (p＜0.05), handle one group and obviously improve than the average daily ingestion amount of handling two, handling three groups.But, difference not significantly (p＞0.05) between three groups of the feed conversion rates.In addition, during the nursing, handling two, three groups respectively has a slight diarrhoea, injects mycillin and takes a turn for the better after one day, handles one group and does not have the diarrhoea generation, and this shows that the galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive can improve the piglet production performance and the trend that reduces the diarrhoea generation is arranged.
The galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive of interpolation 0.12% can obviously improve average daily ingestion amount and average daily gain (p＜0.05) in the early-weaned piglets daily ration, and can reduce the generation of diarrhoea.The galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive can replace antibiotic in the weanling pig daily ration in early days fully, and can obtain better production performance.Galactomannan-oligosaccharide feed addictive and antibiotic are united use and have then been reduced result of use.
Embodiment 4, grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive are to the influence of otter rabbit production performance and immunity function
Select otter rabbit 56 nests of 4 wean in age in week, the hybridization of German and U.S. system for use, every nest selects 4 of the approximate rabbits of body weight, is divided into 4 processing, and 7 repetitions are established in each processing, and each repeats 8, amounts to 224.Two phases before and after test divides, early stage, 4-6 week each repetitions in age was raised in 2 cages, and later stage 7-10 changes the single cage raising of single rabbit age in week into.The full phase is tested equal free choice feeding, pellet, crib feed, water fountain drinking-water, and other daily management is undertaken by otter rabbit production routine.The configuration of handling daily ration is as shown in table 5.
The combined situation of several additives of table 5 processed group
| Processed group | Basal diet | Oligosaccharides | The bacterium ball is clean | |
| A group B group C group D group | Control group antibiotic group oligosaccharides+anti-group oligosaccharides group | + ? + ? + + | ??/ ? ??/ ? ??0.05％ ??0.10％ | ??/ ? ??0.10％ ? ??0.10％ ??/ |
After feeding grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive of the present invention, otter rabbit body weight gain is obvious, and its growth promoting function is apparently higher than antibiotic.At otter rabbit growth period, add grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive in the daily ration and can make that its growth rate obtains to steadily improve.In the 4-6 experimental stage in age in week, to compare with the body weight of basal diet group, the antibiotic group improves 5.71% (P＜0.01), and oligosaccharides+anti-group improves 6.61% (P＜0.01), and oligosaccharides group increase rate reaches 16.16% (P＜0.01); In the 7-9 experimental stage in age in week, to compare with the body weight of basal diet group, the antibiotic group improves 9.86% (P＜0.01), and oligosaccharides+anti-group improves 13.44% (P＜0.01), and oligosaccharides group increase rate is up to 27.33% (P＜0.01)
The food consumption of per gain weight is to weigh whether effective most important production target of additive.Per gain weight food consumption statistics is as shown in table 6, show that 4-6 week age grade section oligosaccharides group compares the per gain weight food consumption and decrease by 35.32% (P＜0.01) with control group, significantly be lower than antibiotic group and oligosaccharides+anti-group, fall is respectively 19.31% and 17.12% (P＜0.05); 7-10 week age grade section extremely significantly is lower than control group (21.31%, P＜0.01), significantly is lower than antibiotic group (13.06%, P＜0.05), and is not remarkable with oligosaccharides+anti-group is compared difference.Oligosaccharides strengthens its ability of digesting and assimilating to nutrition by to gastral conditioning, has saved the food consumption of per gain weight, thereby has improved the economic benefit that the otter rabbit is cultured.
The contrast of table 6 per gain weight food consumption statistics
| Age in 4-6 week | Control group | The antibiotic group | Oligosaccharides+anti-group | ||||
| Oligosaccharides group oligosaccharides+anti-group antibiotic group control group | 4.07 5.08 5.21 6.29 | -2.22? **-1.22? *-1.08? * | -35.32％ -19.31％ -17.12％ | -1.15? *-0.14? * | -21.96％ -2.64％ | -1.01? * | -19.84％ |
| 7 ~ 9 ages in week | Control group | The antibiotic group | Oligosaccharides+anti-group | ||||
| Oligosaccharides group oligosaccharides+anti-group antibiotic group control group | 7.46 7.79 8.58 9.48 | -2.02? **-1.69? **-0.90 | -21.31％ -17.82％ -9.49％ | -1.12? *-0.79 | -13.06％ -8.33％ | -0.33 | -4.25％ |
Grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive not only shows the increase of feed intake and the raising of efficiency of feed utilization to gastral conditioning functions, because grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive is to the facilitation of the comprehensive physique of animal, in producing, the otter rabbit just seems particularly important, the raising of comprehensive physique makes the fur of animal that very large improvement be arranged, the fur quality of grape manna oligosacchride feed addictive has absolute advantage, and this proves from a side that also feed addictive of the present invention is very tangible to the improvement effect of otter rabbit allomeric function.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of oligosaccharide feed additive, with at least a in galactomannan-oligosaccharide and the grape manna oligosacchride be active ingredient; Described galactomannan-oligosaccharide is four to ten sugar, and its monose is formed and ratio is a mannose: galactolipin=2: 1-3: 1; Described grape manna oligosacchride is two to eight sugar, and its monose is formed and ratio is a mannose: glucose=2: 1-3: 1.
2, oligosaccharide feed additive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described galactomannan-oligosaccharide is to be raw material with sesbania gum and/or melon glue, obtains by the 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis.
3, oligosaccharide feed additive according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis step is: in 54-56 ℃ warm water, order adds Na
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, 'beta '-mannase, sesbania gum and/or melon glue, and insulation transfers to 5.5-6.0 with pH after 15-17 hour, adds active carbon again, is warming up to 95-100 ℃ and kept 15 minutes then.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described oligosaccharide feed additives, it is characterized in that: the active ingredient of described oligosaccharide feed additive is galactomannan-oligosaccharide; The monose of described galactomannan-oligosaccharide is formed and ratio is a mannose: galactolipin=2: 1.
5, oligosaccharide feed additive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described grape manna oligosacchride is to be raw material with the SKGM, obtains by the 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis.
6, oligosaccharide feed additive according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis step is: in 54-56 ℃ warm water, order adds Na
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, 'beta '-mannase, SKGM, and insulation transfers to 5.5-6.0 with pH after 15-17 hour, adds active carbon again, is warming up to 95-100 ℃ and kept 15 minutes then.
7, according to claim 1 or 5 or 6 described oligosaccharide feed additives, it is characterized in that: the active ingredient of described oligosaccharide feed additive is the grape manna oligosacchride; The monose of described grape manna oligosacchride is formed and ratio is a mannose: glucose=2: 1.
8, a kind of method of producing oligosaccharide feed additive is to be raw material with sesbania gum and/or melon glue and/or SKGM, and by the 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis, enzymolysis liquid obtains through post processing again.
9, method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described 'beta '-mannase enzymolysis step is in 54-56 ℃ warm water, and order adds Na
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, 'beta '-mannase, sesbania gum and/or melon glue and/or SKGM, and insulation transfers to 5.5-6.0 with pH after 15-17 hour, adds active carbon again, is warming up to 95-100 ℃ and kept 15 minutes then.
10, according to Claim 8 or 9 described methods, it is characterized in that: the post processing of described enzymolysis liquid comprises purifying, concentrate and dry.
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| CN113768037B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-02-18 | 南京益纤生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of guar gum enzymolysis product with high GM ratio |
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