CN101052457A - 正方形mbr歧管系统 - Google Patents

正方形mbr歧管系统 Download PDF

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CN101052457A
CN101052457A CNA2005800328142A CN200580032814A CN101052457A CN 101052457 A CN101052457 A CN 101052457A CN A2005800328142 A CNA2005800328142 A CN A2005800328142A CN 200580032814 A CN200580032814 A CN 200580032814A CN 101052457 A CN101052457 A CN 101052457A
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CN101052457B (zh
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R·J·麦克马洪
D·J·考克斯
查富芳
R·W·费尔普斯
W·T·约翰逊
S·巴克霍
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Evoqua Water Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/20—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B01D63/021—Manufacturing thereof
    • B01D63/0231—Manufacturing thereof using supporting structures, e.g. filaments for weaving mats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B01D63/04—Hollow fibre modules comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B01D63/04—Hollow fibre modules comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies
    • B01D63/043—Hollow fibre modules comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies with separate tube sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/10—Specific supply elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
    • B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/18—Use of gases
    • B01D2321/185—Aeration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration

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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

薄膜组件(3)包括多个多孔空心薄膜(8)。所述薄膜(8)的每一端固定在集管(5，6)中并在其间延伸。一个集管(6)具有形成在其内部的一个或多个开口(12)。所述开口(12)与气体和/或液体源(13，14，15)流体连通。另一个集管(5)密封连接至头部构件(9)并与其流体连通。所述头部构件(9)适于连接到另一组件的相关头部构件上以形成组件管架(17)。还公开了一种供安装多孔空心薄膜(8)使用的端套(6)，其包括预先形成的罐封元件(29)。所述罐封元件(29)包括一个或多个腔室(30)用于接收可固化罐封材料，所述罐封材料在使用中支撑所述薄膜(8)。

Description

正方形MBR歧管系统
技术领域
本发明涉及浸透膜过滤系统，并且更特别地，涉及那些在生物反应器处理中使用的类型。
背景技术
已知存在许多薄膜过滤装置，并且其中许多装置使用在高可透性膜压(TMP)下工作的加压系统以产生有效过滤和高滤液通量。这些系统效率很高，但是生产、操作及维护成本很高。人们已经研制了更简单的系统，其使用自由竖向安装在箱内的薄膜阵列并且使用施加给纤维管腔的吸力以产生TMP，但是，这些系统在前些年已经发现没有加压系统效率高。
这种已知系统的实例在授权给Ishida等人的美国专利No.5,192,456、授权给Cote等人的美国专利No.5,248,424以及授权给Zenon Environmental Inc的WO 97/06880中进行了说明。
最新发展在非加压浸透薄膜系统中使用了气体冲刷和反冲洗的组合以提高工作效率。这些系统中有许多需要复杂且昂贵的歧管装置以在不同的处理阶段提供所需液体和气体的运输/移除。组件的配置和所占空间大小(footprint)对这种系统的许多用户来说也变得重要。
发明内容
本发明特别涉及多个多孔薄膜，其布置为形成薄膜组件。这些多孔薄膜的形式可以为如上文现有技术所描述的纤维式或板式薄膜。
本发明通过提供用于浸透薄膜组件的简单、有效的歧管和安装系统设法克服或至少改善现有技术中的问题。
根据本发明的第一方面，本发明提供了一种薄膜组件，包括多个多孔空心薄膜，所述薄膜在集管的每一端之间延伸并固定于其上，一个集管具有一个或多个形成在其内部的开口；所述开口与气体和/或液体源流体连通；所述集管中的另一个密封连接到头部构件上并与其流体连通；所述头部构件适于连接到另一组件的相关头部构件上以形成组件管架。
优选地，所述头部构件包括与所述薄膜的开口端流体连通的滤液管道，用于使滤液由此回收。更为优选地，所述头部构件包括另一气体/空气管道，用于将气体/空气传送至所述组件。
优选地，所述组件的横截面为正方形或矩形。优选地，围绕所述一个集管的底面外周设置有裙部，其用于将所述气体和/或液体导入所述开口。优选地，所述薄膜为竖向安装，并且所述液体源可以包括定位于所述裙部下方的输送气体和/或液体的管道内的开口。更优选地，所述开口包括喷管、喷嘴等。优选地，所述气体源包括穿过所述裙部侧壁的管或导管，所述管的顶端位于向其供应气体的所述开口下方。在一个实施例中，所述管或导管连接至所述头部构件的气体/空气管道。优选地，所述裙部布置为使所述气体和液体在流过所述开口之前混合。
优选地，所述集管由一个或多个支撑构件间隔并支撑，所述支撑构件在所述集管之间纵向延伸。优选地，所述支撑构件为杆。在一种布置中，所述一个或多个支撑构件为空心管并且用于从气体/空气管道向裙部供应气体。
优选地，所述薄膜沿其长度的一部分由筛封装，用于保持所述组件内的气体/空气泡和液体流。所述筛可以为不可渗透的或者基本上不受气体/空气泡或液体或者两者的影响。
优选地，所述膜包括多孔空心纤维，所述纤维的每一端都固定在集管中，下部集管具有一个或多个形成在其内部的开口。所述纤维通常下端密封，上端敞开以允许滤液流出。所述纤维优选地布置在隔开的束中。
优选地，所述开口定位成与形成在所述隔开束之间的空间相符。优选地，所述开口包括缝、多个缝或一个或多个孔排。优选地，所述隔开的纤维束定位于所述缝或所述一个或多个孔排之间的端套内。
更为优选地，气泡在流过开口之前夹带在液体流中或与其混合，但是应当理解，在一些配置中可以只使用气体。所用液体可以供应给膜组件。所述纤维和/或纤维束可以在端套之间彼此交叉，但是最好不这样。
在本发明的一种形式中，上下端套由塑性材料模制而成，典型地注射模制尼龙模制而成，但是应当理解，可以使用其他适当的模制材料。模制集管的使用减少了所需罐封材料(例如聚氨基甲酸酯)的量，同时还能够在端套中形成复杂形状，用于高强度安装和连接配置。这导致安装和连接配构方面的成本降低和更大的柔性。
根据第二方面，本发明提供了一种薄膜组件管架，包括由所述头部构件连接在一起的根据第一方面的多个薄膜组件。优选地，下部集管也通过连接装置连接在一起。优选地，该连接装置可以是设置在所述组件的相邻底部集管上的联锁结构(formation)。更为优选地，所述结构为导向装置，其彼此滑入以锁定相邻集管并消除了额外松动部分的需要。
滤液通常通过施加于其上的吸力从纤维中流出，但是，应当理解，可以使用提供TMP的任何适当装置。
根据更优选的方面，本发明提供了一种过滤系统，包括根据所述第二方面的薄膜组件的管架，其中所述组件竖向定位在容纳要被过滤的供给液体的箱中，意味着对位于所述组件中的所述薄膜施加可透性膜压从而使滤液流过位于所述薄膜中的孔，意味着将一定量的气体不断地或间歇地供应给所述开口从而产生气泡，所述气泡在所述纤维之间向上移动以冲洗其外表面。
优选地，供应给所述开口的气体包括气体和液体的混合物。
应当理解，此处使用的术语“气体”包括任何气体，包括空气和气体混合物以及臭氧等。
现在将相对于在生物反应器应用中使用的微孔纤维薄膜对本发明的实施例进行描述，但是，应当理解，本发明同样适用于任何形式的薄膜组件，并且可以在用于从液体供料中去除不需要的固体的多种过滤系统中使用。
附图说明
现在将参照附图仅以举例的方式描述本发明的优选实施例，其中：
图1显示了根据本发明的薄膜组件的一个实施例的简化端部立面图；
图2显示了图1中组件的简化端部立面图；
图3显示了根据本发明的一个实施例的过滤系统的一个隔室的侧部剖面正视图，显示了图1和2中所示类型的薄膜组件的管架；
图4显示了在安装一些薄膜组件管架的情况下的图3中隔室的平面图；
图5显示了图3中隔室的正面透视图；
图6显示了图3中隔室的后面透视图；
图7a-7c分别显示了与图1中组件接合使用的头部构件(headpiece)的端部立面图、底视图和透视图；
图8a-8c分别显示了在图1所示组件中使用的膜束和上、下端套的平面图、侧面正视图和底视图；
图9显示了图8c所示下端套的顶侧的透视图；
图10显示了图9所示下端套的底侧的透视图；
图11显示了图8a所示上端套的罐封插件的底侧的等角视图；
图12显示了图11中罐封插件的顶侧的等角视图；和
图13显示了图1中组件的底座的简化剖视图。
具体实施方式
参照图1和2，根据该实施例的薄膜组件3包括正方形截面的空心纤维隔膜4阵列或管束，其在上、下通常具有正方形截面的端套5和6之间纵向延伸。尽管显示并描述了正方形组件，但是应当理解，也可以使用其他规则匀称的直边形状，例如矩形或三角形。这种横截面形状能够更为紧密地包装组件。
多个纵向延伸的间隔支撑杆7定位于上、下端套5和6之间。这些杆优选地在罐封处理期间罐封到上、下端套5和6中。
筛或套管(未显示)沿所述纤维束4的一部分长度至少部分地围绕该纤维束4，并且用于固定彼此非常接近的纤维8，防止其间的过量移动并避免搬运期间的损害。所述筛还用于夹带组件3内部的气体和混合溶液。
纤维8在上端套5处敞开以使滤液从其管腔内移除并在下端套6处密封。模块化头部构件9密封连接到上端套5上并且与纤维8的开放端流体连通。头部构件9包括一对在端套5上方延伸的管道10和11。管道10为滤液管道，管道11为气体/空气管道。
下端套6具有分布在其内部的多个开口12，在这种情况下为缝，从而使形成在裙部区域中的气体/空气和混合溶液的双相混合物穿过所述开口进行供给。尽管显示了缝12，但是应当理解，可以使用任何形式和形状的开口，包括紧密间隔孔的线性阵列。纤维8固定在端套5和6内的分隔束4中，并且缝12通向每个分隔束4之间的区域13，从而在使用中将气泡和混合溶液分布在纤维8之间。
下端套6设置有向下延伸的裙部13，用于将气体/空气和混合溶液传送至下端套6中的缝12。滴管14从头部构件9内的气体/空气管道11伸向裙部13一侧，用于在使用中向所述裙部13供给气体/空气。在一个实施例中，一个或多个间隔支撑杆7为空心的并且用于将来自管道11的气体供给到裙部13，从而取代滴管14。
混合溶液管15位于裙部13下面并且设置有喷嘴16以便将混合溶液供应至裙部13中。裙部13用于提供封闭空间从而允许气体/空气在进入下端套6中的缝12之前与来自喷嘴16的混合溶液进行混合。可选择地，可以省略混合溶液管，并且向裙部的供给传送通过在供料箱18内完全混合而实现。
如图3-6中最佳显示的，通过连接头部构件9使上述类型的组件3形成到组件管架17中从而形成歧管管架支座，所述组件3悬挂于该管架上。如果希望的话，组件3还可以在下端套6处相连。典型地，下端套6设置有联锁结构，其使组件能够一起竖向滑动。应当理解，还可以使用其他形式的联锁和夹紧。在这种类型的配置中，用于每个组件3的如上所述的筛可以由管架筛(rack screen)取代，所述管架筛以与单个组件筛相似的方式至少部分地围绕组件管架。
组件管架17定位在隔室或供料箱18中，其中一个端部组件的头部构件9的管道10和11分别连接到主滤液和气体集管19和20上。软管21用于将主气体集管20连接到每个管架17的管道11上。
管架17悬置于混合溶液管15之上，所述混合溶液管15沿隔室18的底部22延伸并且具有隔开的喷嘴16，所述喷嘴16沿所述管定位在低于每一组件3的裙部13的位置处。在该实施例中，混合溶液集管23位于隔室18的一端并且将每一混合溶液管15连接至混合溶液源(未显示)。在其他实施例中，混合溶液集管可以设置在隔室的两端。
参照图7a-7c，详细显示了头部构件9。头部构件9包括一对彼此平行延伸的圆柱形管道10和11，并且气体/空气管道11位于滤液管道10上方。下部的滤液管道10具有与联接法兰25流体连通的开口壁24，所述联接法兰25在使用中密封连接至每一组件3的上端套5。头部构件9的端部26设置有结构27，其能够使多个组件3的头部构件9彼此密封连接以形成组件管架17，并且沿所形成管架的长度提供相关管道10和11之间的流体连通。头部构件9构造为具有足够的强度以在组成管架17时支撑组件3。
空心连接器管(spigot tube)28从上气体管道11伸出从而连接滴管14。
图8c、9和10更为详细地显示了下端套5。在该实施例中，下端套5包括罐封(potting)元件29，其通过注射模制塑性材料预先形成，所述塑性材料典型地为尼龙。人们已经发现，通过将安装空心纤维隔膜到端套中所需的可固化罐封材料(通常为聚氨基甲酸酯)的量减至最小，可以实现显著的成本节约。
参见图9，下端套5包括预先形成的罐封元件29，其具有在内部形成的多个隔开、平行延伸的薄膜插入槽30。每个插入槽30之间的岛状区域31具有形成在其中的缝12。模制腔室32设置在元件29的每个拐角上，用于接收间隔支撑杆7的端部。优选地，用于杆7的腔室32可以利用壁部而与用于纤维8的罐封槽30隔离。这允许纤维8与杆7分别罐封。这提供了形成纤维间隙的精确且便利的方法。纤维8可以首先在无间隙的情况下罐封，然后杆7可以下降到它们的腔室中并且在纤维8周围的罐封材料部分或完全固化后单独罐封。杆7在该第二阶段下降的距离产生了相同大小的纤维间隙，而无需夹紧和处理纤维8。这在纤维8的形式为垫子时尤为有利，该垫子在不造成纤维损坏的情况下很难夹紧和处理。
一对竖向延伸的组件联锁夹33和34设置在罐封元件29的一对相反侧面35和36上。在该实施例中，管夹37模制在元件29的一侧用于夹持滴管14，但是人们应当认识到，也可以使用分开的非一体形成的夹子。在该实施例中，沿元件39的相反侧面39和40的下边缘形成有裙部夹紧凸缘(skirt clip ledge)38，用于连接裙部13。应当认识到，任何合适的结构可用于将裙部13连接到元件39上，并且该结构可以设置在相反侧面39和40上任意适当的位置处。
图10显示了下端套5的底侧。槽30之间的区域敞开以形成位于缝12之下的流体分配开口41。
在使用中，薄膜插入槽30至少部分地填充有可固化的罐封材料，纤维膜8罐封到所述罐封材料中。这用于减少所需材料量，同时还提供结实、耐用的端套。
参照图11和12，上端套6由围绕加强罐状物(未显示)的罐封插件42制成，所述罐状物由典型的罐封材料，例如聚氨基甲酸酯制成，所述纤维膜8的上端罐封在所述罐封材料中。罐封插件42设置有向上开口槽43，所述开口槽围绕其上侧延伸用于接收O形圈密封件。罐封插件42的每个拐角设置有杆定位结构44，用于接收间隔支撑杆7。螺纹不锈钢插件45设置在每个杆定位结构44中，从而能够与杆7形成螺纹接合。开口46形成在插件42的底侧以与罐封材料形成键连接。
现在将参照图13对生物反应器装置的操作进行描述。在使用中，混合溶液通过主集管23、管15和喷嘴16注入膜组件3中。混合溶液注射到裙部13的底部，随后与裙部13内的气体，典型地为空气进行混合，从而形成气体/空气和混合溶液的两相射流。空气通过滴管14注入裙部13中，所述滴管14连接至头部构件9的气体/空气管道11。气体/空气管道11继而通过软管21连接至主气体/空气集管20。
形成在裙部内的混合溶液和气体的混合物随后通过下端套6中的开口12向上流动并流入纤维薄膜束4中。滤液从纤维管腔流出，从上端套5中的纤维开口端流出，并流入头部构件9。在头部构件9中，滤液通过壁开口24流入滤液管道10，并且沿着相连的组件管架17的头部构件流向主滤液集管19。通过向滤液集管19施加吸力而将滤液典型地从纤维薄膜抽出。
尽管相对于生物反应器进行了描述，但是该系统可以用于处理地表水或饮用水，污水/生物废物处理，或者与活性污泥或类似系统相结合。
应当理解，在不脱离本发明精神或范围的情况下，本发明的其他实施例和实例也是可能的。

Claims (35)

1.一种薄膜组件，包括多个多孔空心薄膜，所述薄膜在集管的每一端之间延伸并固定于其上，一个集管具有一个或多个形成在其内部的开口；所述开口与气体和/或液体源流体连通；所述集管中的另一个密封连接到头部构件上并与其流体连通；所述头部构件适于连接到另一组件的相关头部构件上以形成组件管架。
2.如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述头部构件包括与所述薄膜的开口端流体连通的滤液管道，用于使滤液由此流出。
3.如权利要求2所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述头部构件包括另一气体/空气管道，用于将气体/空气传送至所述组件。
4.如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述组件的横截面为正方形或矩形。
5.如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，在所述一个集管下方设置有裙部。
6.如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述薄膜为竖向安装，并且所述液体源包括定位于所述裙部下方的管道内的开口。
7.如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述气体源包括穿过所述裙部侧壁的管或导管，所述管的末端位于向其供应气体的所述开口下方。
8.如权利要求7所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述管或导管连接至所述头部构件的气体/空气管道。
9.如权利要求5所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述裙部布置为使所述气体和液体在流过所述开口之前混合。
10.如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述集管由一个或多个支撑构件间隔并支撑，所述支撑构件在所述集管之间纵向延伸。
11.如权利要求10所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述支撑构件为杆。
12.如权利要求10或11所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，一个或多个所述支撑构件为空心管并且用于从气体/空气管道向裙部供应气体。
13.如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述薄膜沿其长度的一部分由筛封装，用于保持所述组件内的气体/空气泡和液体流。
14.如权利要求13所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述筛对于气体/空气泡和/或液体或者两者来说基本上不可渗透。
15.如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述薄膜包括多孔空心纤维，所述纤维的每一端都固定在集管中，下部的集管具有多个形成在其内部的开口。
16.如权利要求15所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述纤维下端密封，上端敞开以允许滤液流出。
17.如权利要求15所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述纤维布置在隔开的束中。
18.如权利要求17所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述开口定位成与形成在所述隔开束之间的空间相符。
19.如权利要求17所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述开口包括缝、多个缝或一个或多个孔排。
20.如权利要求19所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述纤维束定位于所述缝或孔排之间的端套内。
21.一种薄膜组件管架，包括多个通过头部构件连接在一起的如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件。
22.如权利要求21所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述集管通过连接装置连接在一起。
23.如权利要求22所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述连接装置包括设置在所述组件的所述集管上的联锁结构。
24.一种过滤系统，包括如权利要求1所述的薄膜组件的管架，其中，所述组件竖向定位在容纳要过滤的供给液体的箱中，意味着对位于所述组件中的所述薄膜施加可透性膜压从而使滤液流过位于所述薄膜中的孔，意味着将一定量的气体不断地或间歇地供应给所述开口从而产生气泡，所述气泡在所述纤维之间向上移动以冲洗其外表面。
25.如权利要求24所述的过滤系统，其特征在于，供应给所述开口的气体包括气体和液体的混合物。
26.一种供安装多孔空心薄膜使用的端套，包括预先形成的罐封元件，所述罐封元件包括一个或多个用于接收可固化罐封材料的腔室，所述罐封材料在使用中支撑所述薄膜。
27.如权利要求26所述的端套，其特征在于，所述罐封元件由注射成型的塑性材料制成。
28.如权利要求26所述的端套，其特征在于，所述罐封元件具有一个或多个形成在其内部的通孔，用于实现流体连通。
29.如权利要求28所述的端套，其特征在于，所述通孔位于所述腔室之间。
30.如权利要求26所述的端套，其特征在于，所述腔室包括形成在所述罐封元件中的通道。
31.一种薄膜组件，包括多个多孔空心薄膜，所述薄膜的每一端固定于集管中并在其间延伸，所述集管中的至少一个包括预先形成的罐封元件，所述罐封元件包括一个或多个容纳可固化罐封材料的腔室，所述罐封材料固定并支撑所述薄膜，所述罐封元件具有一个或多个形成在其内部的通孔，所述通孔与气体和/或液体源流体连通。
32.如权利要求31所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述通孔位于所述腔室之间，用于使所述气体和/或液体在所述薄膜之间流动。
33.如权利要求32所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述薄膜包括薄膜束并且所述气体和/或液体的流动在所述束和薄膜之间。
34.如权利要求33所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述束的形式为垫。
35.如权利要求6所述的薄膜组件，其特征在于，所述开口包括喷嘴。
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US7862719B2 (en) 2011-01-04
CN101052457B (zh) 2012-07-04
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WO2006017911A1 (en) 2006-02-23
JP4958779B2 (ja) 2012-06-20
CA2577137C (en) 2014-04-22
US20080210623A1 (en) 2008-09-04
NZ553178A (en) 2010-12-24
EP1789164A4 (en) 2009-05-06
EP1789164B1 (en) 2013-07-03
CA2577137A1 (en) 2006-02-23
EP1789164A1 (en) 2007-05-30

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