CN101023236A - 底部闭锁装置 - Google Patents

底部闭锁装置 Download PDF

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CN101023236A
CN101023236A CNA2005800311993A CN200580031199A CN101023236A CN 101023236 A CN101023236 A CN 101023236A CN A2005800311993 A CNA2005800311993 A CN A2005800311993A CN 200580031199 A CN200580031199 A CN 200580031199A CN 101023236 A CN101023236 A CN 101023236A
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lever
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locking
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CN101023236B (zh
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R·亚罗利姆
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KNORR-BREMSE GmbH
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    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
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    • E05Y2201/236—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means using force or torque
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
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    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
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    • Y10T292/1044—Multiple head
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Abstract

本发明涉及一用于摆动滑门的特别是用于车辆的闭锁装置，此闭锁装置与一在摆动滑门的门扇(13)上沿其底部的水平边缘设置的导轨(9)共同作用，该闭锁装置设置在底部区域的辅助关闭边缘的区域内且可被一门驱动装置操作。本发明的特征在于设有一四角铰链优选是一平行四边形，此四角铰链通过一基本上水平设置的耦合元件(1)和与其铰接设置的杠杆(2，3)构成，其中在杠杆(2，3)的其中一个上设置一月牙槽(14)，一锁紧销伸入到该月牙槽中，此锁紧销通过一由门驱动装置操作的执行元件(6)在月牙槽中可移动。

Description

底部闭锁装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一用于摆动滑门的特别是用于车辆的闭锁装置，此闭锁装置与一在摆动滑门的门扇上沿其底部的水平边缘设置的导轨共同作用，该闭锁装置设置在底部区域的辅助关闭边缘的区域内并且可被一门驱动装置操作。
背景技术
摆动滑门特别是在车辆上例如在火车车厢或地铁车厢上经常使用的摆动滑门通常在其上部的水平边缘的区域内被引导，且与门驱动装置连接。下部的门区域大多数通过导向滚轮或者导轨或其他类似的装置引导，以便防止在门框上的碰撞和在门扇的打开状态下的颤动。这存在如下问题，即在辅助关闭边缘的区域内在门扇的下部边缘区域上在关闭状态下必须设置一反转机构(Zuhaltung)，以便在此区域内同样安全地进行门可靠的关闭和密封。基本上在现有技术中存在两种方案：
在第一种方案中设置一种旋转杠杆或吊钩的形式，其在门到达关闭终端位置后如此旋转，使得其在门扇的锁止面上沿关闭方向压紧并从而固定其位置。
在第二种方案中，门扇在下部水平的边缘区域内的导向装置用于使在关闭运动的末端与导向装置共同作用的导向机构垂直于门扇平面(或者几乎垂直于门扇平面)运动并保证正确的关闭终端位置。
第一种方案具有的缺点是，需要设置一附加的元件，该元件必须安装在门框内，因此是耗成本的和需要空间的，并且在门控制装置中同时必须特别考虑该元件。
第二种方案从控制装置上说可更加简单地操作，但是在正好在门的使用者特别注意的可用位置的地方即在净的门框宽度内有空间需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，改善所述第二种形式的装置，使得空间需求减小，并且使在门扇上设置的导轨可以设计成明显比迄今更短的构造成为可能，而且所有这些不增加成本或装配费用。
该目的按本发明通过一四角铰链优选一平行四边形达到，此四角铰链通过一基本上水平设置的耦合元件和与其铰接设置的杠杆构成，在所述杠杆的其中之一上设置一月牙槽，一锁紧销伸入到月牙槽中，此锁紧销通过一个由门驱动装置操作的执行元件可在月牙槽中移动。通过这种方式可能的是，迄今在水平面和基本上垂直于门框宽度延伸的、由此在所述方向上需要空间的旋转运动变为一绕水平的或基本上水平延伸的轴线的旋转运动，而且在此有关的结构部件成形为平面的形状，其在门框宽度方向上具有一明显减少的尺寸。
一种构造的特征在于，所述伸入到月牙槽中的锁紧销设置在一可绕基本上水平的轴线摆动的锁紧杠杆上，且执行元件优选在销的区域内作用在锁紧杠杆上。这使得锁紧销和执行元件的精确导向通过仅一个构件实现，这节省空间和成本。
在其他的结构中，在耦合元件上设置一可绕基本上垂直的轴线摆动的摆动杠杆，该摆动杠杆在其自由端带有一与导轨共同作用的导向滚轮。因此导向滚轮在门扇的关闭位置上可位于门框宽度的内部，但在打开位置时贴近门框边缘或刚好在门框外面。因此实现了，在门扇处的导轨可设计成比门扇在这个(其宽度)方向上明显更短。
附图说明
以下借助于附图更详细的说明本发明。附图中：
图1在水平方向平行于门扇平面的视图；
图2沿图1中箭头II方向的示意的俯视图；
图3沿图1中箭头III的方向分别在关闭和锁紧位置的示意图；
图4和5类似于图1和2的视图，但是在装置的打开位置。
具体实施方式
图1示出了一个沿图2的箭头I方向通常沿车辆的纵轴方向延伸的一按本发明的固定和闭锁机构的示意图。在车厢或门架10中总体由11标出的固定装置固定安装在装配板12上。两个通过一耦合元件1按照四角铰链的方式在示出的实施例中按照平行四边形的方式相连接的杠杆2和3支承在装配板12上。在耦合元件1上支承一可绕基本上的垂直延伸的轴线15回转的摆动杠杆7。该摆动杠杆在其面向门框开口和门扇13的末端区域带有一导向滚轮8，该导向滚轮与门扇13的导轨9共同作用。
两个杠杆2和3中的其中一个，在所示的实施例中是杠杆2具有一月牙槽14，一锁紧销4伸入到该月牙槽中，此锁紧销固定在一可摆动设置在装配板12上的锁紧杠杆5上。一执行元件6作用在锁紧杠杆5上，在所示的实施例中直接作用在锁紧销4上，此执行元件沿车辆的辅助关闭边缘向上移动并且被门驱动装置(未示出)操作。
此装置的工作方式如下：从各个组成部分的在图1中示出的位置开始当抬高执行元件6时，从而使锁紧杠杆5摆动并且由此使锁紧销4向上沿环形轨道围绕锁紧杠杆5的铰接点摆动。通过此运动锁紧销4在月牙槽14中移动，通过两杠杆2、3的摆动耦合元件1向左(在图1中)运动，直到到达在图4中示出的终端位置。耦合元件1且因此导向滚轮8最终也进行一微小垂直的运动，但这对于安全性和在导轨9上的导引质量几乎没有影响。
在门打开运动过程中还进行摆动杠杆7围绕其轴线15的运动，例如从图2和5的比较中直接可看到：摆动杠杆从图2所示的关闭位置开始摆动，在该关闭位置上摆动杠杆7指向门框宽度的内部，另一方面打开的门从门框宽度开始沿其摆动的方向被导轨9带动，如从图5中可看到。以此种方式实现在门扇13上的导轨9的长度明显小于门扇13的打开运动的长度，此外或与其结合地在打开门时门框宽度以比按现有技术可能的更大的尺寸被门机构的固定件和导向件放开。
月牙槽14在所示的实施例中具有的特点是，月牙槽在门的关闭位置(图1)上锁紧销4所位于的区段上具有圆弧形状，其中圆弧的中点与锁紧杠杆5的摆动轴线吻合。这构成在运动学上一死区，也就是说，在力通过门扇13、导轨9、导向滚轮8、摆动杠杆7和支承装置在打开方向上作用在耦合元件1上并由此作用在杠杆2上时，所述力不能使力矩沿打开方向作用在锁紧杠杆5上。因此该闭锁装置防止错误的或恶意的尝试，该尝试未经允许通过在门扇13上的振动使门打开。
所述目的也可通过一所谓的上止点机构实现，月牙槽14在其区域内的形状必须设计为，在门扇13上的打开运动导致锁紧杠杆5继续沿锁紧方向压紧，但是此种已知的上止点机构具有如下缺点，即在通常的门驱动装置故障时，当此种上止点机构已经被使用者朝门方向挤压且其通过紧急打开装置被打开时，锁紧杠杆5必须克服挤压的乘客的锁紧的扭矩从其末端区域开始转动，这在此种情况下这是不习惯的、不舒适的或者危险的，对未经训练过的乘客来说是困难的。
与其相比较，在具有死区的月牙槽导向装置上，如所示的一样，在门扇13上出现的力(除了在锁紧杠杆5的支承处的摩擦可忽略的升高之外)对闭锁装置的打开所必须的力丝毫没有影响。
在图4的观察中注意到，在装置的与打开的门相应位置上，月牙槽14的锁紧销4所位于的区域基本上沿执行元件6运动的方向延伸(图1中的箭头II和图4中相反的箭头)。因此可实现，执行元件及其行程不需精确地调整，因为执行元件6的其他运动导致杠杆2向上无明显的摆动并且导致导向滚轮8无明显的变化。
如在图2和5中可看到，按本发明的装置通过使用薄金属板非常平地构成，此薄金属板基本上互相平行地延伸，容易地安装在门框区域内并且在距底座一定距离处独自安装，使得污染和积冰的危险很小。
在多数此种形式的门上要求的紧急释放装置在此可特别简单地实现，由于紧急释放装置在门驱动装置的手动运动时在门框的上部区域内自动地带动执行元件6，使得不需采取特殊的预防措施。

Claims (3)

1.用于摆动滑门的特别是用于车辆的闭锁装置，此闭锁装置与一在摆动滑门的门扇(13)上沿其底部的水平的边缘设置的导轨(9)共同作用，该闭锁装置设置在底部区域的辅助关闭边缘的区域内并且可由一门驱动装置操作，其特征在于，设有一四角铰链优选是一平行四边形，此四角铰链由一基本上水平设置的耦合元件(1)和与其铰接设置的杠杆(2，3)构成，其中在杠杆(2，3)的其中之一上设置一月牙槽(14)，一锁紧销伸入到该月牙槽中，该锁紧销通过一个由门驱动装置操作的执行元件(6)可在月牙槽中移动。
2.按权利要求1所述的闭锁装置，其特征在于，所述伸入到月牙槽(14)中的锁紧销(4)设置在一可绕基本上水平的轴线摆动的锁紧杠杆(5)上，并且执行元件(6)优选在销(4)的区域内作用在锁紧杠杆上。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的闭锁装置，其特征在于，在耦合元件(1)上设置一可绕基本上垂直的轴线摆动的摆动杠杆(7)，该摆动杠杆在其自由端上带有与导轨(9)共同作用的导向滚轮(8)。
CN2005800311993A 2004-09-17 2005-09-15 底部闭锁装置 Expired - Fee Related CN101023236B (zh)

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CA2580635C (en) 2012-12-18
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ATE386186T1 (de) 2008-03-15
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BRPI0515395B1 (pt) 2015-12-22
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EP1794399A1 (de) 2007-06-13
DE502005002862D1 (de) 2008-03-27
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US20080191495A1 (en) 2008-08-14
ES2299085T3 (es) 2008-05-16

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