CN100998305A - Method for breeding large tomato trees - Google Patents
Method for breeding large tomato trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN100998305A CN100998305A CNA2006101350652A CN200610135065A CN100998305A CN 100998305 A CN100998305 A CN 100998305A CN A2006101350652 A CNA2006101350652 A CN A2006101350652A CN 200610135065 A CN200610135065 A CN 200610135065A CN 100998305 A CN100998305 A CN 100998305A
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Abstract
A method for culturing large tomato tree by water culture or matrix culture is disclosed. Said water culture method includes such steps as providing a large pot with lower water holes and upper drip irrigation tube, preparing nutritive liquid, and using water pump to force the circulation of nutritive liquid. Said matrix culture method is also disclosed.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of large tomato trees in the agricultural plant field.
Background technology:
At present, tomato tree in the agricultural plant field all is less kind both at home and abroad, trunk is shorter, and fructufy is less, " the good red No. 4 " brand that adopts Israel " R144 ", Holland's " hundred profits ", Vegetable Research center, Beijing to cultivate as present tomato in China tree.Sowing time is to be advisable in the last ten-days period in July, the first tenday period of a month in August.Seedling-cultivating method adopts water planting to grow seedlings more, if do not have the water planting culture facility then adopt substrate culture to grow seedlings.And large tomato trees forms 10 meters of tree-shaped, high 2 meters, diameters through artificial shaping, and every strain tree crown area can reach 80-100 square metre, and fruit is done, content of material is high, mouthfeel good, the anti-fortune of anti-storage; Large-scale tomato tree, 10 meters of high 2 meters, diameters, every strain tree crown area can reach 80-100 square metre, and fruit is done, content of material is high, mouthfeel good, the anti-fortune of anti-storage; But transplanting kind abroad grows especially in the north especially beyond example at home, state's difference is very big because plant growing conditions such as the weather in the China north, soil property, temperature, humidity and large tomato trees are grown, so how to adopt new, be suitable for large tomato trees growth breeding method, be suitable for northern hardness, the suitable cultivation originates in the torrid zone, the tomato tree of being afraid of cold and avoiding frost.Therefore, the breeding method of developing a kind of large tomato trees is a home and abroad new problem anxious to be solved always.
Summary of the invention:
Provide order of the present invention a kind of design science, technology advanced person, high in technological content, belong to pollution-free food, mouthfeel is good, nutritious, the existence that can be used as sightseeing harvesting project, be suitable for the city sight-seeing agriculture garden, breeding method is fit to large tomato trees, is suitable for the breeding method of the large tomato trees of northern hardness.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: large tomato trees adopts water culture and substrate culture method to cultivate; Water culture is, at first every tree is prepared 1.5 meters of diameters, high 0.5 meter big basin, and the basin bottom stays the mouth of a river, establishes the drip irrigation pipe of watering on the basin, carries out the circulation of nutrient solution, prepares the drum of 1000 liters of volumes and converts nutrient solution, utilizes water pump to carry out the circulation of nutrient solution; The substrate culture method is, promptly adds perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite in big flowerpot, sets up down water, and last water is with drip irrigation pipe timing dropping liquid, and following water is pacified reflux line; The suitable growth temperature of tomato tree is the 15-30 degree, and night is to be advisable with the 18-21 degree with indoor temperature 20-26 degree, solution temperature on 13-18 degree, daytime; When temperature surpasses 35 degree, then stop growing; Poor pollination is lower than 15 and spends then poor growth, and poor pollination will have the above temperature difference of 10 degree in the growth; Being planted in the greenhouse that heats with cooling measure could normal growth; The tomato tree should avoid the excessive or overdrying of humidity, and air humidity generally is advisable with 45-60%, the excessive generation that easily causes disease of soil and air humidity; Nutrient solution is the nutrient solution for preparing to be added in the tomato tree cultivation bed with water pump from the nutrition liquid bath, and to form circulation; Nutrient solution is to install timer additional at the power supply place and link to each other with water pump, with the gauge tap pump time, according to the young plant growing way and determine switch time season, discontinuous cycle liquid feeding, circulation purpose are to make the nutrient equilibrium in the nutrient solution simultaneously by have additional nutrients dissolved oxygen in the liquid of circulation; Nutrient solution is, liquid PH value is controlled at about 6.5, and nutrient solution EC value is controlled in the 2.5-3.0ms/cm, and the temperature control of nutrient solution liquid is in 18-20 ℃, nutrient solution 10-20 every day circulation timei hour, nutrient solution per ton weekly appended 50-100 gram potassium sulphate when plant entered flowering fruit bearing stage.
Main points of the present invention are its breeding method.Cultivation principle of the present invention and mechanism are that life condition and high yield that the tomato tree is suitable require: 1, the suitable growth temperature of tomato tree is the 15-30 degree, and night is to be advisable with the 18-21 degree with indoor temperature 20-26 degree, solution temperature on 13-18 degree, daytime.When temperature surpasses 35 degree, then stop growing; Poor pollination is lower than 15 and spends then poor growth, and poor pollination will have the above temperature difference of 10 degree in the growth.Therefore, tomato tree must be planted in could normal growth in the greenhouse that heats with cooling measure.2, the tomato tree should avoid the excessive or overdrying of humidity, and air humidity generally is advisable with 45-60%, the excessive generation that easily causes disease of soil and air humidity.3, the tomato tree yields positive results the phase after late November, just winter, must use after blooming and bear fruit hormone or discharge the drone supplementary pollination.Tomato is a perfect flower, self-pollination, because winter temperature is low, the illumination deficiency easily produces the fruit drop phenomenon, and the hormone of bearing fruit can improve the effect of setting volume increase.Using method is: rather have the requirement of 3-4 by specification when open to prepare at every Honoka with fruit retention, the interior flower of aiming at of the little sprayer of packing into sprays, block growing point and blade in order to avoid be stained with poisoning with the scraps of paper during sprinkling, be covered with not following again of flower for suitable with droplet during sprinkling.Discharging drone supplementary pollination effect winter might as well.4, prevention and elimination of disease and pests in good time: in the greenhouse insect pest mainly contain trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid, two spotted spider mite etc., answer attention control.Prevent and treat method: yellow plate lures aphid: put 40 yellow plate trappings in the mu greenhouse; Disease control: disease has fungal disease and bacterial disease, should be with the integrated control of putting prevention first.The one, cultural control: select disease-resistant variety, cleaning greenhouse, the efficent rotation rotation of crops, seed disinfection, the indoor temperature of controlling well for use.The 2nd, chemical control: utilize ozone sterilization prevent and treat disease, the sowing before smoke canopy, the discovery disease in time utilize bactericidal agent for preventing and treating.
The breeding method of large tomato trees compared with prior art, have advanced practical, high in technological content, the genus pollution-free food of novel science, technology, mouthfeel is good, nutritious, the existence that can be used as sightseeing harvesting project, be suitable for the city sight-seeing agriculture garden, breeding method is fit to large tomato trees, be suitable for northern hardness etc. advantage, will be widely used in the agricultural plant field.
Embodiment:
Large tomato trees adopts water culture and substrate culture method to cultivate; Water culture is, at first every tree is prepared 1.5 meters of diameters, high 0.5 meter big basin, and the basin bottom stays the mouth of a river, establishes the drip irrigation pipe of watering on the basin, carries out the circulation of nutrient solution, prepares the drum of 1000 liters of volumes and converts nutrient solution, utilizes water pump to carry out the circulation of nutrient solution; The substrate culture method is, promptly adds perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite in big flowerpot, sets up down water, and last water is with drip irrigation pipe timing dropping liquid, and following water is pacified reflux line; The suitable growth temperature of tomato tree is the 15-30 degree, and night is to be advisable with the 18-21 degree with indoor temperature 20-26 degree, solution temperature on 13-18 degree, daytime; When temperature surpasses 35 degree, then stop growing; Poor pollination is lower than 15 and spends then poor growth, and poor pollination will have the above temperature difference of 10 degree in the growth; Being planted in the greenhouse that heats with cooling measure could normal growth; The tomato tree should avoid the excessive or overdrying of humidity, and air humidity generally is advisable with 45-60%, the excessive generation that easily causes disease of soil and air humidity; Nutrient solution is the nutrient solution for preparing to be added in the tomato tree cultivation bed with water pump from the nutrition liquid bath, and to form circulation; Whether EC value, the pH value of test nutrient solution meet desired value, mix up timer; Nutrient solution is to install timer additional at the power supply place and link to each other with water pump, with the gauge tap pump time, according to the young plant growing way and determine switch time season, discontinuous cycle liquid feeding, circulation purpose are to make the nutrient equilibrium in the nutrient solution simultaneously by have additional nutrients dissolved oxygen in the liquid of circulation; The field planting management of tomato tree: when tomato seedling is grown to the 5-6 leaf, get final product field planting.The matrix tomato seedling takes out from dish (alms bowl), root is cleaned with clear water, note not hindering root, in the planting pit of the cultivation of field planting then plate, the base portion of tomato stem is transferred on the cultivating stand with a thicker rope, nutrient management after the field planting of tomato tree: nutrient solution is, liquid PH value is controlled at about 6.5, nutrient solution EC value is controlled in the 2.5-3.0ms/cm, the temperature control of nutrient solution liquid is in 18-20 ℃, nutrient solution 10-20 every day circulation timei hour, nutrient solution per ton weekly appended 50-100 gram potassium sulphate when plant entered flowering fruit bearing stage; The training of tomato tree, the tomato tree stays takes time, and the tomato tree of plantation is to be sightseeing usefulness, can adopt and once stay colored method, spending all of promptly opening before the cultivating stand on plant removed, spending all that open (after planting 100-120 days) behind the cultivating stand on the plant stays, for guaranteeing to bear fruit the available 20-40 milligram/peaceful spraying decoration of kilogram fruit retention, every Honoka keeps 4-5 fruit, tomato tree spray leaf fertilizer: supply with for increasing plant nutrition, carried out spray leaf fertilizer one time in every 7-10 days, place with good conditionsi can also enrich carbonic acid gas.The nutrient solution configuration, nutrient solution prescription: this prescription is suitable for northern hardness, and fertilizer amount is nitrate of lime 707 gram/tons, potassium nitrate 404.2 gram/tons, potassium sulphate 260.7 gram/tons, ammonium nitrate 40.0 gram/tons, magnesium sulfate 152.1 gram/tons, phosphoric acid 200-250 milliliter/ton.Little fertilizer formula is EDTAFe16 gram/ton, boric acid 3 gram/tons, manganese sulphate 2 gram/tons, zinc sulphate 0.22 gram/ton, copper sulphate 0.08 gram/ton, ammonium molybdate 0.02 gram/ton.Nutrient solution preparation method: at first prepare stoste.For example 1 ton of nutrient solution of preparation preparation takes by weighing nitrate of lime 707 grams and puts into bucket No. 1, adds 10 premium on currency, and fully stirring and dissolving is made 10 liters of No. 1 stostes; Claim potassium nitrate 404.2 grams, potassium sulphate 260.7 grams, ammonium nitrate 40.0 grams, magnesium sulfate 152.1 grams again, pour into together in No. 2 buckets, add 10 premium on currency, fully stirring and dissolving is made 10 liters of No. 2 stostes, add 0.2 ton in clear water in the nutrition liquid bath, No. 1 stoste after the dissolving is added, continue to add water and stir, the water yield reaches 0.8 ton hour and adds stoste again No. 2 in the nutrition liquid bath, continue to add water and stirring, be added to 1 ton hour to water and stop to add water.22 grams that add after dissolving mix little fertilizer and 200-250 milliliter phosphoric acid, stir, and dosing this moment finishes.Should be during dosing by the operation of aforesaid operations process, it is too short at interval to must guard against No. 1 stoste and No. 2 stoste joining days, in case precipitate; Common tomato is the individual plant training, and side shoot will all be removed.The tomato tree is then adopted continuously two dried pruning methods, each branch all will keep 2 growing points, the strong side shoot that grows almost all keeps, only extract some small and weak side shoots, one strain tomato tree has hundreds and thousands of growing points. draw cultivating stand with rope at the side shoot base portion, on frame, evenly separate, do not hide pressure mutually.Tomato tree early growth period mainly is to nourish and grow, and Hua Suihui influences the growing height of plant.Can carry out suitable spray leaf fertilizer during this.When having damage by disease and insect to take place, as virus disease, leaf mold, late blight, because definiteness density is less, disease can be very not serious, finds that the disease leaf in time extracts, and with corresponding medicament improvement.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of breeding method of large tomato trees is characterized in that: the tomato tree adopts water culture and substrate culture method to cultivate.
2. the breeding method of large tomato trees according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said water culture is, at first every tree is prepared 1.5 meters of diameters, high 0.5 meter big basin, the basin bottom stays the mouth of a river, establishes the drip irrigation pipe of watering on the basin, carries out the circulation of nutrient solution, prepare the drum of 1000 liters of volumes and convert nutrient solution, utilize water pump to carry out the circulation of nutrient solution.
3. the breeding method of large tomato trees according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said substrate culture method is, promptly adds perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite in big flowerpot, sets up down water, and last water is with drip irrigation pipe timing dropping liquid, and following water is pacified reflux line.
4. the breeding method of large tomato trees according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the suitable growth temperature of said tomato tree is the 15-30 degree, and night is to be advisable with the 18-21 degree with indoor temperature 20-26 degree, solution temperature on 13-18 degree, daytime; Spend when temperature surpasses 35, then stop growing: poor pollination, be lower than 15 and spend then poor growth, poor pollination will have the above temperature difference of 10 degree in the growth; Being planted in the greenhouse that heats with cooling measure could normal growth; The tomato tree should avoid the excessive or overdrying of humidity, and air humidity generally is advisable with 45-60%, the excessive generation that easily causes disease of soil and air humidity.
5. according to the breeding method of claim 1 and 2 described large tomato trees, it is characterized in that: said nutrient solution is the nutrient solution for preparing to be added in the tomato tree cultivation bed with water pump from the nutrition liquid bath, and to form circulation.
6. according to the breeding method of claim 1 and 2 described large tomato trees, it is characterized in that: said nutrient solution is, installing timer additional at the power supply place links to each other with water pump, with the gauge tap pump time, according to the young plant growing way and determine switch time season, discontinuous cycle liquid feeding, circulation purpose are to make the nutrient equilibrium in the nutrient solution simultaneously by have additional nutrients dissolved oxygen in the liquid of circulation.
7. according to the breeding method of claim 1 and 2 described large tomato trees, it is characterized in that: said nutrient solution is, liquid PH value is controlled at about 6.5, nutrient solution EC value is controlled in the 2.5-3.0ms/cm, the temperature control of nutrient solution liquid is in 18-20 ℃, nutrient solution 10-20 every day circulation timei hour, nutrient solution per ton weekly appended 50-100 gram potassium sulphate when plant entered flowering fruit bearing stage.
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| CNA2006101350652A CN100998305A (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2006-12-27 | Method for breeding large tomato trees |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101785401A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-07-28 | 柴敏 | Tomato tree special species and tree-type culture technology |
| CN101258832B (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-07-28 | 中国农业大学 | Regulating and controlling method for nutrition growth and generation growth of tomato tree type cultivation |
| CN101253846B (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-09-29 | 中国农业大学 | Passionflower tree type nutrient fluid cultivation method |
| CN101960981A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-02-02 | 镇江市京口区瑞京农业科技示范园 | Method for cultivating cherries and tomatoes |
| CN102112598B (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2014-07-23 | 独立行政法人农业·食品产业技术综合研究机构 | Method for production of seed material for microorganisms optimized as catalyst for parallel complex mineralization reaction |
| CN104106451A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-22 | 铜陵梧桐树农业发展有限公司 | Soilless vegetable cultivating method |
| CN104211470A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-17 | 济南水梦缘水培花卉有限公司 | Water-culture plant nutrient solution |
| CN104509416A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-15 | 蒋君军 | Method for preventing and treating tomato diseases and insect pests |
| CN106035013A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-26 | 广州汇圣森丰农业科技发展有限公司 | Deep-flow circulation type water culture process for black tomatoes |
| CN106212027A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-14 | 山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti ground cloth ground all standing implantation methods |
| CN106962075A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-21 | 龙胜裕丰农业发展有限公司 | The prevention and controls of tomato different growing stages pest and disease damage |
| CN107318628A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-07 | 北京中农富通园艺有限公司 | A kind of water planting tomato tree cultivation system and cultural method |
| CN113142035A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-23 | 塔里木大学 | Soilless culture method for tree-type tomatoes |
| CN113661879A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-19 | 山东农业大学 | Fertilizing method for improving yield and quality of medium-cultivated tomatoes |
-
2006
- 2006-12-27 CN CNA2006101350652A patent/CN100998305A/en active Pending
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101258832B (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-07-28 | 中国农业大学 | Regulating and controlling method for nutrition growth and generation growth of tomato tree type cultivation |
| CN101253846B (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-09-29 | 中国农业大学 | Passionflower tree type nutrient fluid cultivation method |
| CN102112598B (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2014-07-23 | 独立行政法人农业·食品产业技术综合研究机构 | Method for production of seed material for microorganisms optimized as catalyst for parallel complex mineralization reaction |
| CN101785401A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-07-28 | 柴敏 | Tomato tree special species and tree-type culture technology |
| CN101960981A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-02-02 | 镇江市京口区瑞京农业科技示范园 | Method for cultivating cherries and tomatoes |
| CN101960981B (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-12-14 | 镇江市京口区瑞京农业科技示范园 | Method for cultivating cherries and tomatoes |
| CN104106451A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-22 | 铜陵梧桐树农业发展有限公司 | Soilless vegetable cultivating method |
| CN104211470B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-08-24 | 济南水梦缘水培花卉有限公司 | A kind of water planting plant nutrient solution |
| CN104211470A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-17 | 济南水梦缘水培花卉有限公司 | Water-culture plant nutrient solution |
| CN104509416A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-15 | 蒋君军 | Method for preventing and treating tomato diseases and insect pests |
| CN106035013A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-26 | 广州汇圣森丰农业科技发展有限公司 | Deep-flow circulation type water culture process for black tomatoes |
| CN106212027A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-14 | 山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti ground cloth ground all standing implantation methods |
| CN106962075A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-21 | 龙胜裕丰农业发展有限公司 | The prevention and controls of tomato different growing stages pest and disease damage |
| CN107318628A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-07 | 北京中农富通园艺有限公司 | A kind of water planting tomato tree cultivation system and cultural method |
| CN107318628B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2022-12-09 | 北京中农富通园艺有限公司 | Hydroponic tomato tree cultivation system and cultivation method |
| CN113142035A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-23 | 塔里木大学 | Soilless culture method for tree-type tomatoes |
| CN113142035B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2023-12-01 | 塔里木大学 | Soilless culture method for tree tomatoes |
| CN113661879A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-19 | 山东农业大学 | Fertilizing method for improving yield and quality of medium-cultivated tomatoes |
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