CN100433316C - 用于柱/球栅阵列的无铅合金、有机插入物和无源元件组件 - Google Patents

用于柱/球栅阵列的无铅合金、有机插入物和无源元件组件 Download PDF

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CN100433316C
CN100433316C CNB2003801103024A CN200380110302A CN100433316C CN 100433316 C CN100433316 C CN 100433316C CN B2003801103024 A CNB2003801103024 A CN B2003801103024A CN 200380110302 A CN200380110302 A CN 200380110302A CN 100433316 C CN100433316 C CN 100433316C
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solder
weight
array
eutectic
composition
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CN101057325A (zh
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姆科塔·G·法罗克
马里奥·J·英特兰特
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Ultratech Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于电子封装的无铅焊料层次结构,其包括有机插入物(50)。该组件还可包含无源元件(100)和底填材料(80)。该无铅焊料层次结构还提供一种无铅焊料方案,利用合适的无铅焊料合金将热沉(75)连接到电路芯片(10)上。

Description

用于柱/球栅阵列的无铅合金、有机插入物和无源元件组件
相关申请
本申请涉及在由本申请的发明人提出的美国专利申请系列号10/246282(attorney docket no.FIS9-2002-0017US1)、名称为“用于无铅焊料接头的焊料层次”和系列号10/314498(attorney docketno.FIS9-2002-0172)、名称为“用于无铅焊料电子封装互连”中所述和所要求的主题。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电子封装,特别是,涉及一种用于具有常规陶瓷封装的无源元件和有机衬底的组件的无铅焊料组分。
背景技术
芯片载体可以通过包括焊料合金的球栅阵列(BGA)或柱栅阵列(CGA)固定到电路板上。这种焊料合金通常包括Pb/Sn的共晶合金成分。芯片载体通常是承载半导体芯片的陶瓷衬底。BGA由焊料球阵列构成,这些焊料球被焊接到电路板和衬底上的连接焊盘上。
美国专利US6333563(Jackson等人的)教导了使用高模量底填材料附着到陶瓷模件上的有机插入物。然后将有机插入物连接到有机板上。这个组件增加了BGA电互连的疲劳寿命。该组件采用了本领域公知的标准Pb/Sn焊料。
然而,由于各种原因,工业向用于元件组件的无铅焊料战略方向发展。任何无铅互连结构都将必须容纳涉及的各种焊料接头层次温度。这不仅包括连接到卡组件上的常规芯片接头和球栅阵列,而且包括有机插入物和无源元件组件。
由本发明的解决的另一问题涉及冷却电路芯片。用于冷却电路芯片的目前热解决方案是将热沉焊接到芯片上。优选的焊料是共晶PbSn或Pb和Sn的一些组合,这取决于各种组件互连元件的温度需求。随着工业向无铅焊料发展,这种焊接的芯片/热沉界面是焊料层次结构中的重要考虑,因为通常在将第二级组件附着到卡组件之前将热沉附着到芯片上。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于电子封装的无铅焊料层次结构,其包括有机插入物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种用于电子封装的无铅焊料层次结构,其包括无源元件,如电容器和电阻器。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种用于将热沉附着到电路芯片上的无铅焊料方案。
本发明的这些和其它目的将从下面结合附图的说明中更明显看出。
相信作为新的本发明的特征和本发明的元件特性特别在所附权利要求书中描述。附图只是用于表示目的的,并不是按照比例绘制的。然而,关于组织和操作方法,本发明本身可以通过参照下面结合附图的详细说明更好地体现。
根据本发明的第一方案,提供一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片,它利用第一焊料接点阵列附着到芯片载体的顶表面上,第一焊料接点阵列具有第一无铅非共晶(off-eutectic)焊料成分;
第二焊料接点阵列,它附着到芯片载体的底表面上,第二焊料接点阵列具有第二无铅非共晶焊料成分,第二无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
有机插入物,其具有附着到第二焊料接点阵列上的顶表面;
第三焊料接点阵列,它附着到有机插入物的底表面上,第三焊料接点阵列具有第三无铅非共晶焊料成分,第三无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比第二无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;和
电路板,其具有附着到第三焊料接点阵列上的顶面,从而产生焊料互连结构。
到电路板焊料接点上的有机插入物还可以是大致共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分。该结构还可在芯片与芯片载体以及芯片载体与插入物界面处含有无源元件和底填材料。
根据本发明的另一方案,提供一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片,它利用第一焊料接点阵列附着到芯片载体的顶侧上,第一焊料接点阵列具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
第二焊料接点阵列,它具有利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分附着到芯片载体的底表面上的第一端,第二无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
有机插入物,其具有通过第三无铅非共晶焊料成分附着到第二焊料接点阵列的第二表面上的顶表面,第三无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比第二无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
第三焊料接点阵列,它附着到有机插入物的底表面上,第三焊料接点阵列具有第四无铅非共晶焊料成分,第四无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比第三无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;和
电路板,其具有附着到第三焊料接点阵列上的顶表面,从而产生焊料互连结构。
到电路板焊料接点上的有机插入物还可以是大致共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分。
根据本发明的又一方案,提供一种用于电子封装互连的焊料层次结构,包括:
电子组件;
焊料柱阵列,其具有利用无铅焊料成分附着到组件的底侧上的第一端;和
电路板,其具有通过Sn/Pb焊料成分附着到焊料柱阵列的第二端上的预侧。
根据本发明再一方案,提供一种用于将热沉附着到电路芯片上的无铅焊料结构,包括:
电路芯片;
芯片上的金属层;
热沉;
热沉上的金属层;和
将热沉连接到芯片上的无铅焊料。
附图说明
相信作为新的本发明的特征和本发明的元件特性特别在所附权利要求书中描述。附图只是用于表示目的的,并不是按照比例绘制的。然而,关于组织和操作方法,本发明本身可以通过参照下面结合附图的详细说明更好地被理解,其中:
图1是芯片/芯片载体/有机插入物/电路板组件的示意图。
图2是芯片/芯片载体/电路板组件的示意图。
图3是使用焊料柱的芯片/芯片载体/有机插入物/电路板组件的示意图。
图4是使用焊料柱的芯片/芯片载体/电路板组件的示意图。
图5是使用焊料柱的芯片/芯片载体/电路板组件的示意图。
图6是用于将热沉附着到电路芯片上的无铅焊料结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明,通过采用无铅焊料温度层次提供各种焊料互连结构而实现了本发明的目的,能使无铅焊料解决方案适用于包括有机插入物、热沉和无源元件的复杂的模件组件。
本发明采用了无铅焊料合金。在一个实施例中,非共晶焊料成分包括在90.0-99.0重量%之间的Sn、在10.0-1.0重量%之间的Cu并具有中间金属,所述中间金属具有在280℃以上的熔化温度。优选实施例是93Sn/7Cu和97Sn/3Cu,两种成分都具有SnCu金属间相结构的分散晶粒。
在另一实施例中,非共晶焊料成分包括在70.0-96.0重量%之间的Sn、在30.0-4.0重量%之间的Ag并具有中间金属,所述中间金属具有在280℃以上的熔化温度。优选实施例是72Sn/28Ag、78Sn/22Ag和82Sn/18Ag,所有成分都具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒。
下面参照图1介绍本发明的第一实施例。至少一个电路芯片10利用第一焊料接点阵列30附着到芯片载体20的顶表面上。在本实施例中,第一焊料接点阵列30由无铅非共晶焊料成分构成。在优选实施例中,第一焊料接点阵列30是大致72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag的成分,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约400℃的液相线温度。
采用第二焊料接点阵列40将芯片载体20附着到有机插入物50上。在本实施例中,第二焊料接点阵列40包括无铅非共晶焊料成分,该无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比第一焊料接点阵列30低的液相线温度。在优选实施例中,第二焊料接点阵列40是大约78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag的成分,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约375℃的液相线温度。
采用第三焊料接点阵列60将有机插入物50附着到印刷电路板70上。在本实施例中,第三焊料接点阵列60包括无铅非共晶焊料成分,其具有比第二焊料接点阵列40低的液相线温度。在优选实施例中,第三焊料接点阵列60是大约95.5重量%Sn和大约3.8重量%Ag以及大约0.7重量%Cu的成分,并具有大约217℃的液相线温度。有机插入物50优选由具有与电路板70相似膨胀系数的材料制造。例如,有机插入物50或电路板70可以由FR4、具有表面层叠电路的FR4、或者具有至少一种金属和至少一种聚酰亚胺层的有机载体构成。
在优选实施例中,焊料互连结构还可具有包围第一焊料接点阵列30的第一底填包装材料80。另外,焊料互连结构可具有包围第二焊料接点阵列40的第二底填包装材料90。底填材料80、90优选是高模量材料,它将芯片10耦合到芯片载体20上或将有机插入物50耦合到芯片载体20上,并限制自由膨胀的能力。商业上可获得的底填材料的例子是来自Dexter的Hysol 4526和来自Johnson Mathey的8800系列底填料。
焊料互连结构还可包括附着到芯片载体20上的无源元件100。典型的无源元件包括电容器、电阻器和热敏电阻。在本实施例中,利用无铅非共晶焊料成分110将无源元件100附着到芯片载体20上,其中无铅非共晶焊料成分110具有比第一焊料接点阵列30低的液相线温度。在优选实施例中,焊料成分110是大约78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约375℃的液相线温度。在另一优选实施例中,焊料成分110是78Sn/22Ag,但是第二焊料接点阵列40由大约82.0重量%Sn和大约18.0重量%Ag的无铅非共晶焊料成分构成,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约355℃的液相线温度。
图1中所示的焊料接点30、40和60是焊料球。然而,本发明不限于焊料球,本领域技术人员应该理解这些焊料接点还可以是“柱”、“弹簧”、“s-连接器”、“c-连接器”“悬臂横梁”或任何焊料接头组件。
图1所示的焊料互连结构不限于所有无铅非共晶焊料组件。例如,无源元件100可以利用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Pb焊料成分附着到芯片载体20上。或者,也可以使用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Bi或Sn/In焊料成分。此外。第三焊料接点阵列60可由共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分61构成。在优选实施例中,Sn/Pb焊料成分是大约63.0重量%Sn和37.0重量%Pb的共晶成分。然而,同样可以使用大约58-70重量%Sn和大约42-30重量%Pb范围内的稍微非共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分。
现在参见图2,其中示出了根据本发明另一实施例的焊料互连结构,包括无源元件,但是没有有机插入物。利用第一焊料接点阵列30将至少一个电路芯片10连接到芯片载体20的顶表面上。如在前实施例中那样,第一焊料接点阵列30由无铅非共晶焊料成分构成,优选大约大约72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约400℃的液相线温度。
至少一个无源元件100利用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30低的液相线温度的无铅非共晶焊料成分110附着到芯片载体20上。在优选实施例中,焊料成分110是大约78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约375℃的液相线温度。在另一优选实施例中,焊料成分110是大约82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约355℃的液相线温度。
采用第二焊料接点阵列40将芯片载体20附着到电路板70上。在本例中,第二焊料接点阵列41由具有比第一焊料接点阵列30低的液相线温度的无铅非共晶焊料成分构成。在优选实施例中,第二焊料接点阵列41具有大约95.5重量%Sn和大约3.8重量%Ag以及大约0.7重量%Cu的成分,并具有大约217℃的液相线温度。
图2所示的焊料互连结构也不限于所有无铅非共晶焊料组件。例如,无源元件100可以利用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Pb焊料成分附着到芯片载体20上。或者,也可以采用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Bi或Sn/In焊料成分。此外,第二焊料接点阵列41可由共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分42构成。在优选实施例中,Sn/Pb焊料成分是大约63.0重量%Sn和大约37.0重量%Pb的共晶成分。然而,也可以采用大约58-70重量%Sn和大约42-30重量%Pb范围内的稍微非共晶Sn/Pn焊料成分。
下面参照图3介绍本发明的另一实施例。至少一个电路芯片10利用第一焊料接点阵列30连接到芯片载体20的顶表面上。在本实施例中,第一焊料接点阵列30由无铅非共晶焊料成分构成。在优选实施例中,第一焊料接点阵列30是大约72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag的成分,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约400℃的液相线温度。
采用第二焊料接点阵列43将芯片载体20附着到有机插入物50上。焊料接点43的第一端利用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30大的液相线温度的第二无铅非共晶焊料成分44附着到芯片载体20的底部。在优选实施例中,第二无铅非共晶焊料成分44是大约78.0重量%Sn和大约22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约375℃的液相线温度。焊料接点43的第二端利用具有比第二无铅非共晶焊料成分44低的液相线温度的第三无铅非共晶焊料成分45附着到有机插入物50。在优选实施例中,第三无铅非共晶焊料成分45是大约82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约355℃的液相线温度。
采用第三焊料接点阵列62将有机插入物50附着到印刷电路板70上。在本例中,第三焊料接点阵列62由具有比第三无铅非共晶焊料成分45低的液相线温度的第四无铅非共晶焊料成分构成。在优选实施例中,第三焊料接点阵列62是大约95.5重量%Sn和大约3.8重量%Ag以及大约0.7重量%Cu的成分,并具有大约217℃的液相线温度。
图3所示的焊料互连结构还可含有附着到芯片载体20上的无源元件100。在本例中,无源元件100利用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30低的液相线温度的第五无铅非共晶焊料成分112附着到芯片载体20上。在优选实施例中,第五无铅非共晶焊料成分112是大约78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约375℃的液相线温度。在另一优选实施例中,第五无铅非共晶焊料成分112是78Sn/22Ag,但是,第二无铅非共晶焊料成分44是大约82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约355℃的液相线温度。
图3所示的焊料互连结构不限于所有无铅非共晶焊料组件。例如,无源元件100可以利用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Pb焊料成分附着到芯片载体20上。或者,也可以采用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Bi或Sn/In焊料成分。此外,第三焊料接点阵列62可由共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分63构成。在优选实施例中,Sn/Pb焊料成分是大约63.0重量%Sn和37.0重量%Pb。然而,也可以采用在大约58-70重量%Sn和大约42-30重量%Pb范围内的稍微非共晶Sn/Pn焊料成分。
现在参照图4,其中示出了根据本发明另一实施例的焊料互连结构,包括无源元件,但是没有有机插入物。利用第一焊料接点阵列30将至少一个电路芯片10连接到芯片载体20的顶表面上.第一焊料接点阵列30由无铅非共晶焊料成分构成,优选大约72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约400℃的液相线温度。
至少一个无源元件100利用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30低的液相线温度的第二无铅非共晶焊料成分111附着到芯片载体20上。在优选实施例中,第二无铅非共晶焊料成分111是大约78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约375℃的液相线温度。
采用第二焊料接点阵列43将芯片载体20附着到电路板70上。焊料接点43的第一端利用具有比第二无铅非共晶焊料成分111低的液相线温度的第三无铅非共晶焊料成分44附着到芯片载体20的底部。在优选实施例中,第三无铅非共晶焊料成分44是大约82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和大约355℃的液相线温度。焊料接点43的第二端利用具有比第三无铅非共晶焊料成分44低的液相线温度的第四无铅非共晶焊料成分45附着到电路板70上。在优选实施例中,第四无铅非共晶焊料成分45是大约95.5重量%Sn和大约3.8重量%Ag以及大约0.7重量%Cu,并具有大约217℃的液相线温度。
在上述实施例的替换实施例中,第二无铅非共晶焊料成分111和第三无铅非共晶焊料成分44可以是大约82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag。另外,图4所示的焊料互连结构不限于所有无铅非共晶焊料组件。例如,无源元件100可以利用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Pb焊料成分附着到芯片载体20上。或者,也可以采用具有比第一焊料接点阵列30的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Bi或Sn/In焊料成分。此外,第二焊料接点阵列43可利用共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分46附着到电路板70上。在优选实施例中,Sn/Pb焊料成分46是大约63.0重量%Sn和37.0重量%Pb的成分。然而,也可以采用在大约58-70重量%Sn和大约42-30重量%Pb范围内的稍微非共晶Sn/Pn焊料成分。
现在参见图5,其中示出了本发明的另一实施例。用于电子封装互连的焊料层次结构由利用焊料柱阵列66附着到电路板70上的电子组件65构成。电子组件65可以是具有或没有无源元件的任何常规陶瓷或有机芯片载体。柱66的第一端利用无铅焊料成分67附着到组件65的底侧。电路板70的顶表面通过共晶或接近共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分68附着到焊料柱阵列66的第二端。在优选实施例中,Sn/Pb焊料成分是大约63.0重量%Sn和37.0重量%Pb的成分。然而,也可以采用在大约58-70重量%Sn和大约42-30重量%Pb范围内的稍微非共晶Sn/Pn焊料成分。
在一个优选实施例中,无铅焊料成分67是Sn/Ag焊料成分。优选的成分包括大约78重量%Sn和22重量%Ag、大约82重量%Sn和18重量%Ag、大约72重量%Sn和28重量%Ag、以及大约96.5重量%Sn和3.5重量%Ag。
在另一优选实施例中,无铅非共晶焊料成分67是Sn/Cu焊料成分。优选的成分包括大约93重量%Sn和7重量%Cu、大约97重量%Sn和3重量%Cu以及大约99.3重量%Sn和0.7重量%Cu。
在本发明的另一实施例中,图6示出了利用无铅焊料76将热沉75连接到电路芯片10上的无铅焊料结构。用合适的可湿润表面(未示出)如本领域公知的镍或,金将芯片10和热沉75的匹配表面金属化,在一个实施例中,无铅焊料76是由大约72-96.5重量%Sn和28-3.5重量%Ag构成的Sn/Ag焊料成分。在另一实施例中,无铅焊料76是由大约93-99.3重量%Sn和7-0.7重量%Cu构成的Sn/Cu焊料成分。
在另一实施例中,无铅焊料76是Sn/Ag/Sn的分层焊料预成品。在优选实施例中,无铅分层焊料预成品包括大约10密耳厚的第一层Sn;大约5密耳厚的Ag层;Ag层与第一层Sn是连续的;和大约10密耳厚的第二层Sn,第二层Sn与Ag层是连续的。
在本例中,10密耳厚(0.01英寸)的锡、5密耳厚(0.005英寸)的银和10密耳厚(0.01英寸)的锡的各层一旦回流将产生大约80Sn/20Ag体积%的非共晶SnAg合金。回流温度大约为235℃,但是最终的非共晶热沉/芯片焊料热界面将在高达300℃的温度下保持稳定。
在优选方法中,将商业上可获得的锡和银带材大致切割成与芯片相同的平面面积尺寸。将上述的Sn/Ag/Sn分层夹持结构放在芯片的金属化(镍/金等)背面上,并代替焊料助焊剂。然后将也被金属化的热沉放在芯片上的分层Sn/Ag/Sn焊料结构上。然后对该组件进行炉子回流,从而使焊料结构熔化。锡的顶层和底层容易与芯片和热沉上的金属化层反应,形成良好的接合。在回流期间其余焊料形成非共晶SnAg的均匀区域。
一旦预成品被熔化或回流,将产生具有合适温度层次的SnAg非共晶焊料热界面,从而在后面的组装/卡连接组件期间保持稳定。应该确定每层的厚度,以便在将热沉到芯片附着回流期间提供特定的焊料结构。
已经阅读了本公开的本领域技术人员应该理解,在不脱离本发明的精神的情况下,可以做出除这里具体所述的这些实施例以外的本发明的其他修改方式。因而,这些修改方式都被认为是在仅由所附权利要求书限定的本发明的范围内。

Claims (52)

1、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶表面上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
第二焊料接点阵列(40),该第二焊料接点阵列附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底表面上,所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)具有第二无铅非共晶焊料成分,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
有机插入物(50),其具有附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列上的顶表面;
第三焊料接点阵列(60),该第三焊料接点阵列附着到所述有机插入物(50)的底表面上,所述第三焊料接点阵列具有第三无铅非共晶焊料成分,所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;和
电路板(70),其具有附着到所述第三焊料接点阵列上的顶侧,从而产生焊料互连结构。
2、根据权利要求1的焊料互连结构,其中所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分是72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和400℃的液相线温度;
其中所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分是78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和375℃的液相线温度;和
其中所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分是95.5重量%Sn和3.8重量%Ag以及0.7重量%Cu,并有217℃的液相线温度。
3、根据权利要求1的焊料互连结构,还包括包围所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)的第一底填包装材料(80)。
4、根据权利要求3的焊料互连结构,还包括包围所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)的第二底填包装材料(90)。
5、根据权利要求1的焊料互连结构,还包括利用第四无铅非共晶焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上的至少一个无源元件(100),所述第四无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)的第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度。
6、根据权利要求5的焊料互连结构,其中所述第四无铅非共晶焊料成分是78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和375℃的液相线温度。
7、根据权利要求5的焊料互连结构,其中所述第四无铅非共晶焊料成分是78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和375℃的液相线温度,
其中所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分是82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和355℃的液相线温度。
8、根据权利要求5的焊料互连结构,其中所述至少一个无源元件(100)是电容器。
9、根据权利要求5的焊料互连结构,其中所述至少一个无源元件(100)是电阻器。
10、根据权利要求5的焊料互连结构,其中所述至少一个无源元件(100)是热敏电阻。
11、根据权利要求1的焊料互连结构,其中所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)和所述第三焊料接点阵列(60)是焊料柱。
12、根据权利要求1的焊料互连结构,其中所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)和所述第三焊料接点阵列(60)是焊料球。
13、根据权利要求1的焊料互连结构,还包括利用具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Pb焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上的至少一个无源元件(100)。
14、根据权利要求1的焊料互连结构,还包括利用具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/Bi焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上的至少一个无源元件(100)。
15、根据权利要求1的焊料互连结构,还包括利用具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分的液相线温度低的液相线温度的Sn/In焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上的至少一个无源元件(100)。
16、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶表面上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
第二焊料接点阵列(40),该第二焊料接点阵列附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底表面上,所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)具有第二无铅非共晶焊料成分,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
有机插入物(50),其具有附着到所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)上的顶表面;
第三焊料接点阵列(60),该第三焊料接点阵列附着到所述有机插入物(50)的底表面上,所述第三焊料接点阵列(60)具有共晶的Sn/Pb焊料成分;和
电路板(70),其具有附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)上的顶侧,从而产生焊料互连结构。
17、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶表面上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
至少一个无源元件(100),该无源元件利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
第二焊料接点阵列(40),该第二焊料接点阵列附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底侧上,所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)具有第三无铅非共晶焊料成分,所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;和
电路板(70),其具有附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列上的顶侧,从而产生焊料互连结构。
18、根据权利要求17的焊料互连结构,其中所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分是72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和400℃的液相线温度;
其中所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分是78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和375℃的液相线温度;和
其中所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分是95.5重量%Sn和3.8重量%Ag和0.7重量%Cu,并具有217℃的液相线温度。
19、根据权利要求17的焊料互连结构,其中所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分是72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和400℃的液相线温度;
其中所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分是82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和355℃的液相线温度;和
其中所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分是95.5重量%Sn和3.8重量%Ag和0.7重量%Cu,并具有217℃的液相线温度。
20、根据权利要求17的焊料互连结构,其中所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)是焊料柱。
21、根据权利要求17的焊料互连结构,其中所述第二焊料接点阵列(40)是焊料球。
22、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶侧上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
至少一个无源元件(100),该无源元件利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
第二焊料接点阵列(40),该第二焊料接点阵列附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底侧上,所述第二焊料接点阵列具有共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分;和
电路板(70),其具有附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列上的顶侧,从而产生焊料互连结构。
23、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶侧上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
第二焊料接点阵列(43),该第二焊料接点阵列具有利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底表面上的第一端,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
有机插入物(50),其具有通过第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(45)附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列(43)第二侧上的顶表面,所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(45)具有比所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)低的液相线温度;
第三焊料接点阵列(60),该第三焊料接点阵列附着到所述有机插入物(50)的底表面上,所述第三焊料接点阵列(60)具有第四无铅非共晶焊料成分,所述第四无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;和
电路板(70),其具有附着到所述第三焊料接点阵列上的顶表面,从而产生焊料互连结构。
24、根据权利要求23的焊料互连结构,其中所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分是72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和400℃的液相线温度;
其中所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)是78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和375℃的液相线温度;
其中所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(45)82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和355℃的液相线温度;和
其中所述第四无铅非共晶焊料成分是95.5重量%Sn和3.8重量%Ag和0.7重量%Cu,并具有217℃的液相线温度。
25、根据权利要求23的焊料互连结构,其中所述第二焊料接点阵列(43)是焊料柱。
26、根据权利要求23的焊料互连结构,其中所述第二焊料接点阵列(43)是焊料球。
27、根据权利要求23的焊料互连结构,还包括利用第五无铅非共晶焊料成分(112)附着到所述芯片载体(20)上的至少一个无源元件(100)。
28、根据权利要求27的焊料互连结构,其中所述第五无铅非共晶焊料成分(112)是78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和375℃的液相线温度。
29、根据权利要求27的焊料互连结构,其中所述第五无铅非共晶焊料成分(112)是78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和375℃的液相线温度;和
其中所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)是82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和355℃的液相线温度。
30、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶侧上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
第二焊料接点阵列(43),它具有利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底表面上的第一端,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
有机插入物(50),其具有通过第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(45)附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列(43)的第二面上的顶表面,所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(45)具有比所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)低的液相线温度;
第三焊料接点阵列(60),该第三焊料接点阵列附着到所述有机插入物(50)的底表面上,所述第三焊料接点阵列(60)具有共晶Sn/Pn焊料成分;和
电路板(70),其具有附着到所述第三焊料接点阵列(60)上的顶表面,从而产生焊料互连结构。
31、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶侧上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
至少一个无源元件(100),该无源元件利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)附着到所述芯片载体(20)上,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
第二焊料接点阵列(43),它具有利用第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底侧上的第一端,所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)具有比所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)低的液相线温度;和
电路板(70),其具有通过第四无铅焊料成分(45)附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列(43)的第二端上的顶侧,所述第四无铅焊料成分(45)具有比所述第三非共晶无铅焊料成分(44)低的液相线温度,从而产生焊料互连结构。
32、根据权利要求31的焊料互连结构,其中所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分是72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和400℃的液相线温度;
其中所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)是78.0重量%Sn和22.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和375℃的液相线温度;
其中所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)是82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和355℃的液相线温度;和
其中所述第四无铅非共晶焊料成分(45)是95.5重量%Sn和3.8重量%Ag和0.7重量%Cu,并具有217℃的液相线温度。
33、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶侧上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
至少一个无源元件(100),该无源元件利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)附着到所述芯片载体上,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
第二焊料接点阵列(43),它具有利用所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底侧上的第一端;和
电路板(70),其具有通过具有比所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)低的液相线温度的第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(45)附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列(43)的第二端上的顶表面,从而产生焊料互连结构。
34、根据权利要求33的焊料互连结构,其中所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分是72.0重量%Sn和28.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和400℃的液相线温度;
其中所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)是82.0重量%Sn和18.0重量%Ag,并具有SnAg金属间相结构的分散晶粒和355℃的液相线温度;和
其中所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(45)是95.5重量%Sn和3.8重量%Ag和0.7重量%Cu,并具有217℃的液相线温度。
35、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶侧上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
至少一个无源元件(100),该无源元件利用焊料成分(111)附着到所述芯片载体(20)上;
第二焊料接点阵列(43),它具有利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底侧上的第一端,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;和
电路板(70),其具有利用第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(46)附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列(43)的第二端上的顶侧,所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(46)具有比所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)低的液相线温度,从而产生焊料互连结构。
36、根据权利要求35的焊料互连结构,还包括利用Sn/Pb焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上的至少一个无源元件(100),所述Sn/Pb焊料成分具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度。
37、根据权利要求35的焊料互连结构,还包括利用Sn/Bi焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上的至少一个无源元件(100),所述Sn/Bi焊料成分具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度。
38、根据权利要求35的焊料互连结构,还包括利用Sn/In焊料成分附着到所述芯片载体(20)上的至少一个无源元件(100),所述Sn/In焊料成分具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度。
39、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料互连结构,包括:
至少一个电子电路芯片(10),该电子电路芯片利用第一焊料接点阵列(30)附着到芯片载体(20)的顶侧上,所述第一焊料接点阵列(30)具有第一无铅非共晶焊料成分;
至少一个无源元件(100),该无源元件利用第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)附着到所述芯片载体(20)上,所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)具有比所述第一无铅非共晶焊料成分低的液相线温度;
第二焊料接点阵列(43),它具有利用第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)附着到所述芯片载体(20)的底侧上的第一端,所述第三无铅非共晶焊料成分(44)具有比所述第二无铅非共晶焊料成分(111)低的液相线温度;和
电路板(70),其具有通过共晶Sn/Pb焊料成分(46)附着到所述第二焊料接点阵列上的第二端的顶表面。
40、一种用于电子封装互连的焊料层次结构,包括:
电子组件(65);
焊料柱阵列(66),其具有利用无铅焊料成分(67)附着到所述组件(65)的底侧上的第一端;和
电路板(70),其具有利用Sn/Pb焊料成分(68)附着到所述焊料柱阵列(66)的第二端上的顶侧。
41、根据权利要求40的焊料层次结构,其中所述无铅焊料成分(67)由78重量%Sn和22重量%Ag构成,所述Sn/Pb焊料成分是63重量%Sn和37重量%Pb。
42、根据权利要求40的焊料层次结构,其中所述无铅焊料成分(67)由82重量%Sn和18重量%Ag构成,所述Sn/Pb焊料成分是63重量%Sn和37重量%Pb。
43、根据权利要求40的焊料层次结构,其中所述无铅焊料成分(67)由72重量%Sn和28重量%Ag构成,所述Sn/Pb焊料成分是63重量%Sn和37重量%Pb。
44、根据权利要求40的焊料层次结构,其中所述无铅焊料成分(67)由96.5重量%Sn和3.5重量%Ag构成,所述Sn/Pb焊料成分是63重量%Sn和37重量%Pb。
45、根据权利要求40的焊料层次结构,其中所述无铅焊料成分(67)由93重量%Sn和7重量%Cu构成,所述Sn/Pb焊料成分是63重量%Sn和37重量%Pb。
46、根据权利要求40的焊料层次结构,其中所述无铅焊料成分(67)由97重量%Sn和3重量%Cu构成,所述Sn/Pb焊料成分是63重量%Sn和37重量%Pb。
47、根据权利要求40的焊料层次结构,其中所述无铅焊料成分(67)由99.3重量%Sn和0.7重量%Cu构成,所述Sn/Pb焊料成分是63重量%Sn和37重量%Pb。
48、一种将热沉附着到电路芯片上的无铅焊料结构,包括:
电路芯片(10);
所述芯片上的金属化层;
热沉(75);
所述热沉上的金属化层;和
将所述热沉连接到所述芯片上的无铅焊料(76)。
49、根据权利要求48的无铅焊料结构,其中所述无铅焊料(76)是由72-96.5重量%Sn和28-3.5重量%Ag构成的Sn/Ag焊料成分。
50、根据权利要求48的无铅焊料结构,其中所述无铅焊料(76)是由93-99.3重量%Sn和7-0.7重量%Cu构成的Sn/Cu焊料成分。
51、根据权利要求48的无铅焊料结构,其中所述无铅焊料(76)是Sn/Ag/Sn的分层焊料预成品。
52、根据权利要求51的无铅焊料结构,其中所述无铅分层焊料预成品包括:
10密耳厚的第一层Sn;
5密耳厚的Ag层,所述Ag层与所述第一层Sn是连续的;
10密耳厚的第二层Sn,所述第二层Sn与所述Ag层是连续的。
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