CA1132963A - Billes d'alumine a double porosite, leur procede de preparation et leurs applications comme supports de catalyseurs - Google Patents
Billes d'alumine a double porosite, leur procede de preparation et leurs applications comme supports de catalyseursInfo
- Publication number
- CA1132963A CA1132963A CA346,371A CA346371A CA1132963A CA 1132963 A CA1132963 A CA 1132963A CA 346371 A CA346371 A CA 346371A CA 1132963 A CA1132963 A CA 1132963A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- alumina
- boehmite
- spheroidal
- particles
- ultra
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005169 Debye-Scherrer Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 tri-chlorethylene, perchlorethylene Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003619 fibrillary effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 claims 1
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 241000220450 Cajanus cajan Species 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000428352 Amma Species 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006810 Caesalpinia ciliata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000059739 Caesalpinia ciliata Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000270834 Myristica fragrans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009421 Myristica fragrans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000003629 Rupture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015107 ale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical class [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QFWPJPIVLCBXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glymidine Chemical compound N1=CC(OCCOC)=CN=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFWPJPIVLCBXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl Chemical compound [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N metronidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=C([N+]([O-])=O)N1CCO VAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RJMUSRYZPJIFPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N niclosamide Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1Cl RJMUSRYZPJIFPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003763 resistance to breakage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
- B01J2/06—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a liquid medium
- B01J2/08—Gelation of a colloidal solution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/04—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
- C01F7/14—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates
- C01F7/141—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by neutralisation with an acidic agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/635—0.5-1.0 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
- B01J35/647—2-50 nm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/66—Pore distribution
- B01J35/69—Pore distribution bimodal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/02—Amorphous compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/60—Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/32—Spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
- C01P2006/13—Surface area thermal stability thereof at high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/21—Attrition-index or crushing strength of granulates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S502/00—Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process of making
- Y10S502/50—Stabilized
- Y10S502/503—Crush strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7904810A FR2449474A1 (fr) | 1979-02-26 | 1979-02-26 | Billes d'alumine a double porosite, leur procede de preparation et leurs applications comme supports de catalyseurs |
FR79.04810 | 1979-02-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1132963A true CA1132963A (fr) | 1982-10-05 |
Family
ID=9222440
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA346,371A Expired CA1132963A (fr) | 1979-02-26 | 1980-02-25 | Billes d'alumine a double porosite, leur procede de preparation et leurs applications comme supports de catalyseurs |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4315839A (en, 2012) |
EP (1) | EP0015801B2 (en, 2012) |
JP (1) | JPS6049135B2 (en, 2012) |
BR (1) | BR8001096A (en, 2012) |
CA (1) | CA1132963A (en, 2012) |
DE (1) | DE3064074D1 (en, 2012) |
ES (1) | ES488840A1 (en, 2012) |
FR (1) | FR2449474A1 (en, 2012) |
MX (1) | MX6359E (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (65)
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---|---|---|---|---|
JPS56108532A (en) * | 1980-02-04 | 1981-08-28 | Hitachi Ltd | Iodine adsorbing material and preparation thereof |
DE3167768D1 (en) * | 1980-02-26 | 1985-01-31 | Ici Plc | Porous aluminas and their preparation |
NL8200087A (nl) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-08-16 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van een poreus vuurvast anorganisch oxyde. |
US4549957A (en) * | 1981-06-17 | 1985-10-29 | Amoco Corporation | Hydrotreating catalyst and process |
DE3212249C2 (de) * | 1982-04-02 | 1986-08-21 | Condea Chemie GmbH, 2212 Brunsbüttel | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kugelförmiger Tonerde |
FR2527197B1 (fr) * | 1982-05-19 | 1985-06-21 | Rhone Poulenc Spec Chim | Procede de fabrication de billes d'alumine mises en forme par coagulation en gouttes |
FR2528721B1 (fr) * | 1982-06-17 | 1986-02-28 | Pro Catalyse Ste Fse Prod Cata | Catalyseur supporte presentant une resistance accrue aux poisons et son utilisation en particulier pour l'hydrotraitement de fractions petrolieres contenant des metaux |
FR2537889B1 (fr) * | 1982-12-20 | 1992-10-09 | Pro Catalyse | Procede de traitement d'hydrocarbures en presence d'un catalyseur a base de billes d'alumine mises en forme par coagulation en gouttes |
JPS6027646A (ja) * | 1983-07-25 | 1985-02-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | アルミナ成形体の製造方法 |
WO1985003241A1 (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-01 | Eka Ab | Filler or a support for catalytically active substances, a process for producing said filler or support, a catalyst produced from said support, and the use of said catalyst |
SE8402916L (sv) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-07-31 | Eka Ab | Katalytisk avgasrenare och sett att framstella denna |
US4755499A (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1988-07-05 | Noxso Corporation | Sorbent for removing nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and hydrogen sulfide from gas streams |
US5032379A (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1991-07-16 | Aluminum Company Of America | Alumina suitable for catalytic applications |
WO1992002456A1 (en) * | 1985-03-18 | 1992-02-20 | Aluminum Company Of America | Alumina suitable for catalytic applications |
GB8511048D0 (en) * | 1985-05-01 | 1985-06-12 | Unilever Plc | Inorganic structures |
EP0256359B1 (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1992-05-20 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Catalysts and use thereof for removing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas |
US4771029A (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1988-09-13 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn | Monolith washcoat having optimum pore structure and optimum method of designing the washcoat |
US4914075A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1990-04-03 | Uop | Dehydrogenation catalyst composition |
EP0383636A1 (en) * | 1989-02-17 | 1990-08-22 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Carrier for catalyst and method for production thereof |
DE3920198A1 (de) * | 1989-06-21 | 1991-01-10 | Wickmann Werke Gmbh | Elektrische sicherung mit zwei schmelzleitern |
US4952389A (en) * | 1989-09-15 | 1990-08-28 | Norton Company | Alumina particles |
US5637547A (en) * | 1990-02-23 | 1997-06-10 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Crush resistant adsorptive agglomerates of activated alumina |
FR2658806B1 (fr) * | 1990-02-23 | 1992-05-22 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Agglomeres d'alumine activee et leur procede d'obtention. |
EP0507122B1 (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1995-01-11 | Mitsubishi Oil Co., Ltd. | Process for producing spherical zeolite catalyst and apparatus for producing the same |
US5231066A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-07-27 | Quantum Chemical Corporation | Bimodal silica gel, its preparation and use as a catalyst support |
WO1993017790A1 (de) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-09-16 | Solvay Umweltchemie Gmbh | Abriebfester trägerkatalysator |
US5384302A (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-01-24 | Norton Chemical Process Products Corp. | Catalyst carrier |
CN1048229C (zh) * | 1994-07-01 | 2000-01-12 | 化学工业部天津化工研究院(熊尚彬) | 低密度大孔容球形氧化铝的制备工艺 |
WO1996008328A1 (fr) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-03-21 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Agent augmentant la temperature et procede d'augmentation de la temperature |
FR2729949A1 (fr) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-08-02 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procede de preparation de lactame |
FR2747053B1 (fr) * | 1996-04-03 | 1998-10-02 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Utilisation pour l'oxydation directe des composes soufres en soufre et/ou sulfates a basse temperature d'un catalyseur a base de cuivre |
FR2758554B1 (fr) * | 1997-01-22 | 1999-04-16 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Procede d'elimination d'inhibiteurs de polymerisation de melanges de monomeres a l'aide d'une alumine de forme optimisee |
FR2764298B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-07-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Hydrotraitement de charges hydrocarbonees dans un reacteur en lit bouillonnant |
FR2764213B1 (fr) | 1997-06-10 | 1999-07-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur d'hydrotraitement de charges hydrocarbonees dans un reacteur a lit fixe |
FR2764208B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-07-16 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Extrudes d'alumine, leurs procedes de preparation et leur utilisation comme catalyseurs ou supports de catalyseurs |
KR100507445B1 (ko) * | 1997-12-31 | 2005-12-08 | 주식회사 효성 | 거대기공을가진저분자량탄화수소의탈수소반응용촉매의제조방법 |
US6262132B1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2001-07-17 | Energy International Corporation | Reducing fischer-tropsch catalyst attrition losses in high agitation reaction systems |
US6764672B2 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2004-07-20 | Alcoa Inc. | Thermally stable alumina particulates |
US20030082100A1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2003-05-01 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Alumina spheres having a high impact resistance |
FR2823684B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-20 | 2003-05-30 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Billes d'alumine ayant une grande resistance mecanique aux chocs, leur procede de fabrication et leurs utilisations |
WO2002098796A1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-12-12 | Showa Denko K.K. | Spherical alumina particles and production process thereof |
EP1306128A1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-05-02 | Tenaxis Gmbh | Sorptive composite materials |
DE10309367A1 (de) * | 2003-03-03 | 2004-09-23 | Sasol Germany Gmbh | Verfahren zur Dehydratisierung von Alkoholen zu a-Olefinen |
CN100496738C (zh) * | 2004-12-28 | 2009-06-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种具有双重孔的氧化铝载体、催化剂及其制备方法 |
KR100647309B1 (ko) | 2005-01-21 | 2006-11-23 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 열 및 물질전달 특성이 우수한 연료가스 개질반응 촉매용담체 및 그의 제조방법 |
US8354091B2 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2013-01-15 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Alumina powder and method for preparing the same as well as use thereof |
CN101172256B (zh) * | 2006-10-31 | 2011-02-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院 | 一种耐高温磁性氧化铝载体的制备方法 |
CN102365337B (zh) * | 2009-03-31 | 2014-05-14 | 塞特克技术公司 | 用于结构粘接应用的水基非铬酸盐底漆 |
AU2012224973B2 (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2016-01-07 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Metallisation barrier based on aluminium oxide |
FR2984180A1 (fr) | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-21 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de fabrication de particules spheroidales d'alumine |
CN104248986B (zh) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-06-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 球形凹凸棒石介孔复合载体和负载型催化剂及其制备方法和应用以及乙酸乙酯的制备方法 |
CN104248991B (zh) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-06-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 球形蒙脱石介孔复合载体和负载型催化剂及其制备方法和应用以及乙酸乙酯的制备方法 |
JP6236647B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-26 | 2017-11-29 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | アルミナ粒子 |
CN105440168B (zh) * | 2014-09-29 | 2018-03-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 球形蒙脱石介孔复合载体和负载型聚乙烯催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN108698975B (zh) * | 2016-02-04 | 2021-10-08 | 罗地亚经营管理公司 | 用于制备脂肪胺的大孔催化剂 |
TR201812437T1 (tr) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-11-21 | Highchem Tech Co Ltd | Katali̇zör taşiyici ve bunu i̇çeren katali̇zör |
US20210053034A1 (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-02-25 | Uop Llc | Dehydrogenation catalyst composition |
US11591802B1 (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | Material Control, Inc. | Modular access system |
EP3915675A1 (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-01 | SASOL Germany GmbH | Stable shaped alumina carriers and method for producing same |
JP7261888B2 (ja) * | 2020-06-19 | 2023-04-20 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 脱水反応触媒、その製造方法及びそれを用いたアルケンの製造方法 |
KR102584441B1 (ko) | 2020-06-19 | 2023-10-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 알루미나 촉매의 제조방법, 이로부터 제조된 알루미나 촉매 및 이를 이용한 프로필렌의 제조방법 |
CN113371746B (zh) * | 2021-07-14 | 2023-02-21 | 中氢能源科技发展(内蒙古)有限公司 | 一种制备超细介孔氧化铝的方法及所得产物 |
EP4514749A1 (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2025-03-05 | BASF Corporation | Process for the preparation of particulate alumina |
CN115490253B (zh) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-06-20 | 山东理工大学 | 一种氢氧化铝微球的制备方法 |
CN119869439B (zh) * | 2025-03-24 | 2025-06-24 | 杭州嘉隆气体设备有限公司 | 一种活性氧化铝球及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2492167A (en) * | 1943-06-01 | 1949-12-27 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Process of forming alumina-containing gel beads |
DE1032728B (de) * | 1957-07-25 | 1958-06-26 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung kugel- oder linsenfoermiger aktiver Tonerde |
US3740328A (en) * | 1969-03-17 | 1973-06-19 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Hydrocarbon conversion process and catalyst therefor |
FR2179967B1 (en, 2012) * | 1972-04-13 | 1978-03-03 | Norton Co | |
US3850849A (en) * | 1972-05-24 | 1974-11-26 | Norton Co | Formed alumina bodies for catalytic uses |
GB1465523A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1977-02-23 | Norton Co | Low surface area alumina |
FR2245408B1 (en, 2012) * | 1973-09-04 | 1981-03-27 | Norton Co | |
US3943070A (en) * | 1974-10-15 | 1976-03-09 | Universal Oil Products Company | Manufacture of spheroidal alumina particles |
US4001144A (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1977-01-04 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Process for modifying the pore volume distribution of alumina base catalyst supports |
-
1979
- 1979-02-26 FR FR7904810A patent/FR2449474A1/fr active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-02-18 DE DE8080400227T patent/DE3064074D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-02-18 EP EP80400227A patent/EP0015801B2/fr not_active Expired
- 1980-02-21 MX MX808660U patent/MX6359E/es unknown
- 1980-02-22 ES ES488840A patent/ES488840A1/es not_active Expired
- 1980-02-25 BR BR8001096A patent/BR8001096A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-02-25 CA CA346,371A patent/CA1132963A/fr not_active Expired
- 1980-02-26 JP JP55022330A patent/JPS6049135B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1980-02-26 US US06/124,778 patent/US4315839A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3064074D1 (en) | 1983-08-18 |
MX6359E (es) | 1985-05-09 |
JPS55116623A (en) | 1980-09-08 |
FR2449474A1 (fr) | 1980-09-19 |
EP0015801B2 (fr) | 1988-03-30 |
US4315839A (en) | 1982-02-16 |
BR8001096A (pt) | 1980-10-29 |
EP0015801B1 (fr) | 1983-07-13 |
FR2449474B1 (en, 2012) | 1984-02-24 |
ES488840A1 (es) | 1980-09-16 |
JPS6049135B2 (ja) | 1985-10-31 |
EP0015801A1 (fr) | 1980-09-17 |
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