AU2013241415B2 - Absorbent article - Google Patents
Absorbent article Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2013241415B2 AU2013241415B2 AU2013241415A AU2013241415A AU2013241415B2 AU 2013241415 B2 AU2013241415 B2 AU 2013241415B2 AU 2013241415 A AU2013241415 A AU 2013241415A AU 2013241415 A AU2013241415 A AU 2013241415A AU 2013241415 B2 AU2013241415 B2 AU 2013241415B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- absorbent article
- chain hydrocarbon
- section
- acid
- blood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 312
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 311
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 249
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 249
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- -1 polyoxy Polymers 0.000 claims description 220
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 189
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 182
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 182
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 182
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 160
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 154
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 147
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 118
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 116
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 106
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 102
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 99
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000004715 keto acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 24
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 134
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 68
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 63
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 44
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 241001313288 Labia Species 0.000 description 38
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 32
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 15
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 12
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 6
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutyric acid Chemical compound CCC(C)C(O)=O WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IQLUYYHUNSSHIY-HZUMYPAESA-N eicosatetraenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O IQLUYYHUNSSHIY-HZUMYPAESA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 2
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- DRRMRHKHTQRWMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(2-ethylhexanoyloxy)-2,2-bis(2-ethylhexanoyloxymethyl)propyl] 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C(CC)CCCC)(COC(=O)C(CC)CCCC)COC(=O)C(CC)CCCC DRRMRHKHTQRWMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCVRQHFDJLLWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)CO WCVRQHFDJLLWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012-080539 | 2012-03-30 | ||
| JP2012080539A JP5726120B2 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | 吸収性物品 |
| PCT/JP2013/058859 WO2013146817A1 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-26 | 吸収性物品 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2013241415A1 AU2013241415A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
| AU2013241415B2 true AU2013241415B2 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2013241415A Ceased AU2013241415B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-26 | Absorbent article |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9233185B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2832326B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP5726120B2 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN104334133A (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR090528A1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2013241415B2 (enExample) |
| SG (1) | SG11201405410VA (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TWI577351B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2013146817A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015127289A1 (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-27 | Attends Healthcare Products, Inc. | Absorbent article with fluid control features |
| KR101766623B1 (ko) * | 2014-07-22 | 2017-08-08 | 카오카부시키가이샤 | 팬츠형 일회용 기저귀 |
| JP6501294B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-22 | 2019-04-17 | 日本製紙クレシア株式会社 | 吸収性物品 |
| JP6330083B2 (ja) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-05-23 | 花王株式会社 | 長繊維不織布 |
| USD843565S1 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-03-19 | Amber Adams | Combination tampon and menstrual pad |
| US12016756B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2024-06-25 | Lyv Life, Inc. | Ultrathin absorbent hygienic pads |
| USD917043S1 (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2021-04-20 | Lyv Life, Inc. | Ultrathin absorbent asymmetrical bladder liner |
| USD926974S1 (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-08-03 | Lyv Life, Inc. | Ultrathin absorbent bladder liner with absorbent pod |
| USD917044S1 (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2021-04-20 | Lyv Life, Inc. | Ultrathin absorbent asymmetrical bladder liner with channels |
| WO2025061888A1 (en) * | 2023-09-19 | 2025-03-27 | Melo & Co Bv | Moisture absorbing undergarment |
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| JP2011120696A (ja) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-23 | Kao Corp | 吸収性物品 |
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- 2013-03-26 WO PCT/JP2013/058859 patent/WO2013146817A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-03-26 AU AU2013241415A patent/AU2013241415B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-03-26 CN CN201380028070.1A patent/CN104334133A/zh active Pending
- 2013-03-26 EP EP13767763.9A patent/EP2832326B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-03-26 SG SG11201405410VA patent/SG11201405410VA/en unknown
- 2013-03-27 AR ARP130101010A patent/AR090528A1/es unknown
- 2013-03-29 TW TW102111517A patent/TWI577351B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SG11201405410VA (en) | 2014-11-27 |
| EP2832326A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
| AR090528A1 (es) | 2014-11-19 |
| EP2832326A4 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| CN104334133A (zh) | 2015-02-04 |
| AU2013241415A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
| JP5726120B2 (ja) | 2015-05-27 |
| TW201402088A (zh) | 2014-01-16 |
| JP2013208280A (ja) | 2013-10-10 |
| EP2832326B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| TWI577351B (zh) | 2017-04-11 |
| WO2013146817A1 (ja) | 2013-10-03 |
| US20150051566A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
| US9233185B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
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