CN103461395B - A kind ofly prevent and treat natural bactericidal agent of ginkgo die back disease and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind ofly prevent and treat natural bactericidal agent of ginkgo die back disease and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103461395B CN103461395B CN201310444725.5A CN201310444725A CN103461395B CN 103461395 B CN103461395 B CN 103461395B CN 201310444725 A CN201310444725 A CN 201310444725A CN 103461395 B CN103461395 B CN 103461395B
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Abstract
A kind of natural bactericidal agent preventing and treating ginkgo die back disease provided by the invention, is made up of following component: scouring rush, cassia twig, field thistle, Polygonum multiflower knotweed, the coptis, the root of Chinese wild ginger, peppermint, mock-strawberry, fructus polygoni orientalis, composite polymineral.The natural bactericidal agent abundant raw material source of this control ginkgo die back disease, with low cost, adopt the component of pure natural to make, not only Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution, and can effectively prevent and treat ginkgo die back disease.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to prevention and elimination of disease and pests field, particularly a kind ofly prevent and treat natural bactericidal agent of ginkgo die back disease and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Ginkgo die back disease is one of Major Diseases of ginkgo, has seen Hebei at present, Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang are shouldered, Jiangxi, Guangxi etc. economizes (autonomous region).Except harm ginkgo, also endanger the seeds such as Chinese chestnut.Disease occurs on trunk and branch, and after susceptible, scab surrounds limb rapidly, often causes whole branch or complete stool death.Ginkgo die back disease germ, after wound invades trunk or branch, smooth bark produces the scab of variable color, and scab is circular or irregular shape, and on coarse bark, scab edge is not obvious.Later scab continues expansion, and enlargement gradually, bark longitudinal cracking.Spring is visible many withered yellow excipuliform stromas on the bark of being injured, diameter 1 ~ 3mm.When wet weather, the faint yellow or yellow cirrhiform conidium angle of a rule can be extruded in excipuliform stroma.Stroma becomes salmon pink to red sauce after autumn.Thereafter perithecium is formed gradually.Have the fan-shaped subiculum of featheriness as seen between sick tree bark and xylem, being just dirty white, is yellowish-brown afterwards.The producing cause of ginkgo seedling damping off it has been generally acknowledged that to be infected by chestnut epidemic disease shoot blight bacterium Endothiaparasitica (Murr.) and.et and. and causes. the conidium of pathogen and ascospore all can dissemination.This bacterium survives the winter on sick branch with mycelium and pycnidium, and during next spring temperature recovery, pathogen comes into play.Namely the Yangtze river basin and the Changjiang river areas to the south late March to early April start to occur symptom, and after late June, scab obviously expands, especially the fastest with Spot expansion in 7 ~ September.In the Yangtze river basin, namely the asexual generation of pathogen started to occur in the first tenday period of a month in late April to May.Mitogenetic spore is in borrowing rainwater, insect; Birds are propagated everywhere and can repeatedly infect again.In 10 ~ November, bark occurs bury and is born in pyrenocarpic salmon pink in seat, early December ascospore ripe.Ascospore is borrowed wind to spread disease germs and to be invaded from host's wound.Sick subcortical fan-shaped subiculum, has very strong resistance to poor environment, existence of can surviving the winter.Therefore, this germ not easily prevention and control.
Be chemical pesticide bactericide for control ginkgo die back disease is normally used, the problem of environmental pollution caused owing to using chemical pesticide is in a large number on the rise.Meanwhile, adopt chemical pesticide bactericide, make various phytopathogen bacterial classification produce drug resistance, pesticide resistance, add the difficulty of control, even cause and prevent and treat unsuccessfully.In addition, chemical pesticide does not have selectivity because of it, also can threaten to useful biology.And a lot of chemical pesticide is non-degradable or is difficult to degraded, easily pollutes the enrichment of thing at animals and plants cylinder accumulation.
Along with the requirement of the public to " pollution-free food ", " pollution-free food " is more and more higher, market to pollution-free, can the ecological agricultural chemical demand of natural degradation also increase gradually.From the development of pesticide science, " Harmless " of " back to nature " and agricultural chemicals on pesticide manufacturing uses, be the inexorable trend of society and Development of Natural Science, therefore new bio wide-spectrum bactericide has wide development prospect.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the natural bactericidal agent that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of environmental protection, control ginkgo die back disease that bactericidal effect is good.
Technical scheme: a kind of natural bactericidal agent preventing and treating ginkgo die back disease provided by the invention, is made up of following component: scouring rush, cassia twig, field thistle, Polygonum multiflower knotweed, the coptis, the root of Chinese wild ginger, peppermint, mock-strawberry, fructus polygoni orientalis, composite polymineral.
Preferably, be made up of the component of following weight portion: scouring rush 4-6 part, cassia twig 4-6 part, field thistle 4-6 part, Polygonum multiflower knotweed 4-6 part, coptis 2-4 part, root of Chinese wild ginger 1-3 part, peppermint 1-3 part, mock-strawberry 1-3 part, fructus polygoni orientalis 0.5-1.5 part, composite polymineral 1-3 part.
More preferably, be made up of the component of following weight portion: scouring rush 5 parts, cassia twig 5 parts, field thistle 5 parts, Polygonum multiflower knotweed 5 parts, the coptis 3 parts, the root of Chinese wild ginger 2 parts, peppermint 2 parts, mock-strawberry 2 parts, fructus polygoni orientalis 1 part, composite polymineral 2 parts.
Wherein, described composite polymineral comprises boron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, copper, iron, and per kilogram composite polymineral comprises: boron 20 grams, 30 grams, zinc, molybdenum 50 grams, 50 grams, manganese, copper 20 grams, iron 100 grams, surplus is the elements such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the natural bactericidal agent of above-mentioned control ginkgo die back disease, comprise the following steps:
(1) by raw material mixing after pulverizing, sieving respectively, compound is obtained; Described raw material is scouring rush, cassia twig, field thistle, Polygonum multiflower knotweed, the coptis, the root of Chinese wild ginger, peppermint, mock-strawberry, fructus polygoni orientalis;
(2) compound is added the ethanol water of 5-10 times amount 95%, be heated to 50-80 DEG C and decoct 2-4h;
(3) filter, filtrate is collected, and filter residue adds the ethanol water of 5-10 times amount 95%, is heated to 50-80 DEG C and decocts 2-4h;
(4) filter, merging filtrate, is concentrated into the 1/20-1/10 that ethanol adds total amount, adds 1-3 times of volume water, leaves standstill 24-48h;
(5) filter, filtrate is concentrated into without alcohol taste, adds same weight water and dissolves, and adds composite polymineral mixing, must prevent and treat the natural bactericidal agent of ginkgo die back disease.
Present invention also offers the application of natural bactericidal agent in control ginkgo die back disease of above-mentioned control ginkgo die back disease, be specially: the natural bactericidal agent of control ginkgo die back disease is mixed with 500-1000 times of water gaging and is sterilization microbial inoculum.
Beneficial effect: the natural bactericidal agent abundant raw material source of control ginkgo die back disease provided by the invention, with low cost, adopt the component of pure natural to make, not only Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution, and can effectively prevent and treat ginkgo die back disease.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, concrete material proportion, process conditions and result thereof described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.
Embodiment 1
The natural bactericidal agent of control ginkgo die back disease, is made up of the component of following weight portion: scouring rush 4 parts, cassia twig 5 parts, field thistle 4 parts, Polygonum multiflower knotweed 5 parts, the coptis 2 parts, the root of Chinese wild ginger 1 part, peppermint 3 parts, mock-strawberry 3 parts, fructus polygoni orientalis 1.5 parts, composite polymineral 2 parts.Per kilogram composite polymineral comprises: boron 20 grams, 30 grams, zinc, molybdenum 50 grams, 50 grams, manganese, copper 20 grams, iron 100 grams.
Its preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) by raw material mixing after pulverizing, sieving respectively, compound is obtained; Described raw material is scouring rush, cassia twig, field thistle, Polygonum multiflower knotweed, the coptis, the root of Chinese wild ginger, peppermint, mock-strawberry, fructus polygoni orientalis;
(2) compound is added the ethanol water of 8 times amount 95%, be heated to 60 DEG C and decoct 3h;
(3) filter, filtrate is collected, and filter residue adds the ethanol water of 8 times amount 95%, is heated to 60 DEG C and decocts 2-4h;
(4) filter, merging filtrate, be concentrated into that ethanol adds total amount 1/15, add the water of concentrate 2 times of volumes, leave standstill 36h;
(5) filter, filtrate is concentrated into without alcohol taste, adds same weight water and dissolves, and adds composite polymineral mixing, must prevent and treat the natural bactericidal agent of ginkgo die back disease.
Embodiment 2
The natural bactericidal agent of control ginkgo die back disease, is made up of the component of following weight portion: scouring rush 6 parts, cassia twig 6 parts, field thistle 6 parts, Polygonum multiflower knotweed 4 parts, the coptis 4 parts, the root of Chinese wild ginger 3 parts, peppermint 1 part, mock-strawberry 1 part, fructus polygoni orientalis 0.5 part, composite polymineral 1 part.Per kilogram composite polymineral comprises: boron 20 grams, 30 grams, zinc, molybdenum 50 grams, 50 grams, manganese, copper 20 grams, iron 100 grams.
Its preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) by raw material mixing after pulverizing, sieving respectively, compound is obtained; Described raw material is scouring rush, cassia twig, field thistle, Polygonum multiflower knotweed, the coptis, the root of Chinese wild ginger, peppermint, mock-strawberry, fructus polygoni orientalis;
(2) compound is added the ethanol water of 5 times amount 95%, be heated to 80 DEG C and decoct 4h;
(3) filter, filtrate is collected, and filter residue adds the ethanol water of 5 times amount 95%, is heated to 80 DEG C and decocts 4h;
(4) filter, merging filtrate, be concentrated into that ethanol adds total amount 1/20, add the water of concentrate 1 times of volume, leave standstill 48h;
(5) filter, filtrate is concentrated into without alcohol taste, adds same weight water and dissolves, and adds composite polymineral mixing, must prevent and treat the natural bactericidal agent of ginkgo die back disease.
Embodiment 3
The natural bactericidal agent of control ginkgo die back disease, is made up of the component of following weight portion: scouring rush 5 parts, cassia twig 4 parts, field thistle 5 parts, Polygonum multiflower knotweed 6 parts, the coptis 3 parts, the root of Chinese wild ginger 2 parts, peppermint 2 parts, mock-strawberry 2 parts, fructus polygoni orientalis 1 part, composite polymineral 3 parts.Per kilogram composite polymineral comprises: boron 20 grams, 30 grams, zinc, molybdenum 50 grams, 50 grams, manganese, copper 20 grams, iron 100 grams.
Its preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) by raw material mixing after pulverizing, sieving respectively, compound is obtained; Described raw material is scouring rush, cassia twig, field thistle, Polygonum multiflower knotweed, the coptis, the root of Chinese wild ginger, peppermint, mock-strawberry, fructus polygoni orientalis;
(2) compound is added the ethanol water of 10 times amount 95%, be heated to 50 DEG C and decoct 2h;
(3) filter, filtrate is collected, and filter residue adds the ethanol water of 10 times amount 95%, is heated to 50 DEG C and decocts 2h;
(4) filter, merging filtrate, be concentrated into that ethanol adds total amount 1/10, add the water of concentrate 3 times of volumes, leave standstill 24h;
(5) filter, filtrate is concentrated into without alcohol taste, adds same weight water and dissolves, and adds composite polymineral mixing, must prevent and treat the natural bactericidal agent of ginkgo die back disease.
Embodiment 4 measures the natural bactericidal agent of the control ginkgo die back disease of embodiment 1 to 3 to the inhibit activities of strawberry pathogen
This experiment, in vitro, measures the natural bactericidal agent of control ginkgo die back disease of embodiment 1 to 3 to the inhibit activities of strawberry pathogen, method and result as follows:
1. for examination bacterial classification
Chestnut epidemic disease shoot blight bacterium Endothiaparasitica (Murr.) and.et and. is commercially available
2.EC50 measures
Utilize mycelial growth rate method and spore germination method to measure embodiment of the present invention 1-3 natural bactericidal agent to the EC50 value of above-mentioned germ, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 embodiment 1 natural bactericidal agent is to the EC50 value for examination pathogen
Adopt the method for regulation in " pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion ", test the field efficacy of the natural bactericidal agent of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 3, diluted concentration is 500 and 1000 times, the results are shown in Table 2.
The field control effectiveness test of the natural bactericidal agent of table 2 embodiment 1 to 3
Adopt the natural bactericidal agent treatment ginkgo die back disease of embodiment 1 to 3, various disease respectively treats 100 strains, and extension rate is 500 times, the results are shown in Table 3.
The natural bactericidal agent treatment strawberry disease of table 3 embodiment 1 to 3
Claims (4)
1. prevent and treat a natural bactericidal agent for ginkgo die back disease, it is characterized in that: be made up of the component of following weight portion: scouring rush 4-6 part, cassia twig 4-6 part, field thistle 4-6 part, Polygonum multiflower knotweed 4-6 part, coptis 2-4 part, root of Chinese wild ginger 1-3 part, peppermint 1-3 part, mock-strawberry 1-3 part, fructus polygoni orientalis 0.5-1.5 part, composite polymineral 1-3 part; Described composite polymineral comprises boron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, copper, iron, and per kilogram composite polymineral comprises: boron 20 grams, 30 grams, zinc, molybdenum 50 grams, 50 grams, manganese, copper 20 grams, iron 100 grams.
2. a kind of natural bactericidal agent preventing and treating ginkgo die back disease according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be made up of the component of following weight portion: scouring rush 5 parts, cassia twig 5 parts, field thistle 5 parts, Polygonum multiflower knotweed 5 parts, the coptis 3 parts, the root of Chinese wild ginger 2 parts, peppermint 2 parts, mock-strawberry 2 parts, fructus polygoni orientalis 1 part, composite polymineral 2 parts.
3. a preparation method for the natural bactericidal agent of the control ginkgo die back disease described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) by raw material mixing after pulverizing, sieving respectively, compound is obtained; Described raw material is scouring rush, cassia twig, field thistle, Polygonum multiflower knotweed, the coptis, the root of Chinese wild ginger, peppermint, mock-strawberry, fructus polygoni orientalis;
(2) compound is added the ethanol water of 5-10 times amount 95%, be heated to 50-80 DEG C and decoct 2-4h;
(3) filter, filtrate is collected, and filter residue adds the ethanol water of 5-10 times amount 95%, is heated to 50-80 DEG C and decocts 2-4h;
(4) filter, merging filtrate, is concentrated into the 1/20-1/10 that ethanol adds total amount, adds 1-3 times of volume water, leaves standstill 24-48h;
(5) filter, filtrate is concentrated into without alcohol taste, adds same weight water and dissolves, and adds composite polymineral mixing, must prevent and treat the natural bactericidal agent of ginkgo die back disease.
4. the application of natural bactericidal agent in control ginkgo die back disease of the control ginkgo die back disease described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: mixed with 500-1000 times of water gaging by the natural bactericidal agent of control ginkgo die back disease and be sterilization microbial inoculum.
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Address after: 325200 Wenzhou City, Ruian City, fairy street, the village of the first Village No. 115 Applicant after: Bian Jialin Address before: 212100, No. 4, No. 54, Henderson Pacific Business Center, Dantu New District, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang Applicant before: Bian Jialin |
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Address after: 113000 17-2-202, YuLongWan community, Gaowan street, Fushun Economic Development Zone, Fushun City, Liaoning Province Patentee after: Bian Jialin Address before: 325200 No. 115 Tong Tou village, Xian Jiang Street, Ruian, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Patentee before: Bian Jialin |