ZA200207486B - Ion conducting ceramic membrane and surface treatment. - Google Patents
Ion conducting ceramic membrane and surface treatment. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200207486B ZA200207486B ZA200207486A ZA200207486A ZA200207486B ZA 200207486 B ZA200207486 B ZA 200207486B ZA 200207486 A ZA200207486 A ZA 200207486A ZA 200207486 A ZA200207486 A ZA 200207486A ZA 200207486 B ZA200207486 B ZA 200207486B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- gas
- opposed surfaces
- ion conducting
- treated
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 99
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010849 ion bombardment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 10
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011533 mixed conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101150058765 BACE1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910020785 La—Ce Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0093—Chemical modification
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/024—Oxides
- B01D71/0271—Perovskites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0251—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
- C01B13/0255—Physical processing only by making use of membranes characterised by the type of membrane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
- B01D2257/104—Oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/26—Electrical properties
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/532,123 US6264811B1 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2000-03-21 | Ion conducting ceramic membrane and surface treatment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200207486B true ZA200207486B (en) | 2003-05-08 |
Family
ID=24120457
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200207486A ZA200207486B (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2002-09-18 | Ion conducting ceramic membrane and surface treatment. |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6264811B1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1266049A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3746236B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20030007458A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1222640C (ja) |
| AU (2) | AU4746601A (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR0109402A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2403459A1 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02009169A (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY133763A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2001071064A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200207486B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO312342B1 (no) * | 1998-05-20 | 2002-04-29 | Norsk Hydro As | En tett enfase membran med bade hoy ionisk og hoy elektronisk ledningsevne og anvendelse derav |
| US6514314B2 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2003-02-04 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Ceramic membrane structure and oxygen separation method |
| US7125528B2 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2006-10-24 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Membrane systems containing an oxygen transport membrane and catalyst |
| US7122072B2 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2006-10-17 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Controlled heating and cooling of mixed conducting metal oxide materials |
| WO2007118237A2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2007-10-18 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Nano-scale gas separation device utilizing thin film structures for hydrogen production |
| FR2922047A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-09 | 2009-04-10 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de texturation de l'electrolyte d'une pile a combustible |
| EP2832426B1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2017-05-10 | NGK Insulators, Ltd. | Honeycomb shaped porous ceramic body, manufacturing method for same, and honeycomb shaped ceramic separation membrane structure |
| CN105214510B (zh) * | 2014-04-15 | 2017-05-03 | 纳米新能源（唐山）有限责任公司 | 基于摩擦发电的pm2.5滤膜及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH608957A5 (ja) | 1977-02-25 | 1979-02-15 | Leuthard Paul E | |
| US4272353A (en) * | 1980-02-29 | 1981-06-09 | General Electric Company | Method of making solid polymer electrolyte catalytic electrodes and electrodes made thereby |
| JPS6016518B2 (ja) * | 1980-07-31 | 1985-04-25 | 旭硝子株式会社 | イオン交換膜電解槽 |
| US4791079A (en) | 1986-06-09 | 1988-12-13 | Arco Chemical Company | Ceramic membrane for hydrocarbon conversion |
| US5591315A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1997-01-07 | The Standard Oil Company | Solid-component membranes electrochemical reactor components electrochemical reactors use of membranes reactor components and reactor for oxidation reactions |
| US5723035A (en) | 1987-03-13 | 1998-03-03 | The Standard Oil Company | Coated membranes |
| US5240480A (en) | 1992-09-15 | 1993-08-31 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Composite mixed conductor membranes for producing oxygen |
| DE4241150C1 (de) * | 1992-12-07 | 1994-06-01 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Elektrodenmembran-Verbund, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
| AU706663B2 (en) * | 1994-09-23 | 1999-06-17 | Standard Oil Company, The | Oxygen permeable mixed conductor membranes |
| BR9601078A (pt) | 1995-05-18 | 1998-01-06 | Praxair Technology Inc | Processo para a remoção de oxigênio a partir de uma corrente de alimentação para a obtenção de uma corrente de produto empobrecida em oxigênio |
| US5709732A (en) | 1996-04-02 | 1998-01-20 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Advanced membrane system for separating gaseous mixtures |
| US5938822A (en) | 1997-05-02 | 1999-08-17 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Solid electrolyte membrane with porous catalytically-enhancing constituents |
| US5888272A (en) | 1997-06-05 | 1999-03-30 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Process for enriched combustion using solid electrolyte ionic conductor systems |
| US5837034A (en) | 1997-06-23 | 1998-11-17 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Process for reducing carbon production in solid electrolyte ionic conductor systems |
| DE19839202B4 (de) * | 1997-08-29 | 2009-09-10 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp. | Leitfähige Substanz aus Mischoxidionen und deren Verwendung |
-
2000
- 2000-03-21 US US09/532,123 patent/US6264811B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-03-15 EP EP01920409A patent/EP1266049A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-15 MX MXPA02009169A patent/MXPA02009169A/es unknown
- 2001-03-15 WO PCT/US2001/008379 patent/WO2001071064A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-15 AU AU4746601A patent/AU4746601A/xx active Pending
- 2001-03-15 CN CNB018068596A patent/CN1222640C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-15 KR KR1020027011912A patent/KR20030007458A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-15 JP JP2001569441A patent/JP3746236B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-15 CA CA002403459A patent/CA2403459A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-15 BR BR0109402-5A patent/BR0109402A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-15 AU AU2001247466A patent/AU2001247466B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-03-19 MY MYPI20011274A patent/MY133763A/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-09-18 ZA ZA200207486A patent/ZA200207486B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3746236B2 (ja) | 2006-02-15 |
| US6264811B1 (en) | 2001-07-24 |
| JP2003527958A (ja) | 2003-09-24 |
| CN1418263A (zh) | 2003-05-14 |
| CN1222640C (zh) | 2005-10-12 |
| WO2001071064A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
| CA2403459A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
| BR0109402A (pt) | 2003-06-03 |
| MXPA02009169A (es) | 2004-09-10 |
| KR20030007458A (ko) | 2003-01-23 |
| AU4746601A (en) | 2001-10-03 |
| MY133763A (en) | 2007-11-30 |
| EP1266049A1 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
| AU2001247466B2 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
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