WO2023286482A1 - 電解コンデンサおよび電解コンデンサの製造方法 - Google Patents
電解コンデンサおよび電解コンデンサの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023286482A1 WO2023286482A1 PCT/JP2022/022316 JP2022022316W WO2023286482A1 WO 2023286482 A1 WO2023286482 A1 WO 2023286482A1 JP 2022022316 W JP2022022316 W JP 2022022316W WO 2023286482 A1 WO2023286482 A1 WO 2023286482A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- foil
- mass
- sintered
- electrolytic capacitor
- sintered body
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
- H01G9/052—Sintered electrodes
- H01G9/0525—Powder therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/042—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/042—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
- H01G9/045—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material based on aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
- H01G9/052—Sintered electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
- H01G9/055—Etched foil electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/145—Liquid electrolytic capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolytic capacitor and a method for manufacturing an electrolytic capacitor.
- An electrolytic capacitor in which an electrolytic solution is impregnated in a capacitor element in which a separator is arranged between an anode foil and a cathode foil on which an oxide film or the like is formed as a dielectric layer.
- metal foils with increased specific surface areas are used as electrode foils by means of surface enlargement treatment.
- Surface expansion treatment is generally performed by forming a large number of pores on the surface of a metal foil by an electrochemical etching treatment (hereafter, the metal foil subjected to the etching treatment is referred to as an "etching foil”. may be indicated).
- etching foil the metal foil subjected to the etching treatment
- the etching process has disadvantages such as the use of chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, which have a relatively large environmental and economic burden, and the electrochemical dissolution of the metal foil, which may lead to a decrease in foil strength. .
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-98279 discloses that a metal powder (in this document, aluminum powder), a binder (in this document, Then, a resin binder) and a composition containing a solvent (solvent in the document) are applied, and a sintered body film is formed by heating and sintering to form a sintered body film, thereby increasing the specific surface area.
- a foil having a metal sintered body at least on its surface may be referred to as a “sintered foil”).
- the organic binder evaporates when metal powder is sintered, but depending on the type and sintering conditions, thermal decomposition or the like may occur, and some components may remain as carbon residue on the electrode foil.
- This carbon residue is electrically conductive and causes an increase in leakage current in electrolytic capacitors.
- electrolytic capacitors that use sintered foil tend to have a high leakage current, which causes deterioration of the electrolyte and an increase in the internal pressure of the capacitor element due to the generation of hydrogen gas, resulting in a deterioration in the life characteristics of the electrolytic capacitor.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is an electrolytic capacitor in which a sintered foil having a metal sintered body at least on its surface is applied as an electrode foil, and suppresses deterioration of life characteristics by reducing leakage current. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrolytic capacitor and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the present invention solves the above problems by means of solutions as described below as one embodiment.
- An electrolytic capacitor comprises: a capacitor element having an anode foil on which a dielectric layer is formed; a cathode foil; and a separator disposed between the anode foil and the cathode foil; and an electrolytic solution impregnated therein, wherein the anode foil or the cathode foil is formed by forming a sintered body of a composition containing a metal powder into a foil shape, or a sintered body made of the sintered body A body film is formed on the surface of the base material, and the electrolytic solution contains 0.01 [mass%] to 2.0 [mass%] of one type of phosphorus oxyacid or its derivative or salt thereof. It is characterized by containing in the range.
- the anode foil or the cathode foil is formed by forming a sintered body of a composition containing a metal powder into a foil shape, or a sintered body made of the sintered body
- a method for producing an electrolytic capacitor comprising a sintered foil in which a film is formed on the surface of a base material, wherein the electrolytic solution contains 0.01 of one type of phosphorus oxyacid or derivative thereof or salt thereof. It is characterized by adding in the range of [% by mass] to 2.0 [% by mass].
- Another electrolytic capacitor according to the present invention is a capacitor element having an anode foil on which a dielectric layer is formed, a cathode foil, and a separator disposed between the anode foil and the cathode foil. and an electrolytic solution impregnated in the capacitor element, wherein the anode foil or the cathode foil is formed in a foil shape from a sintered body of a composition containing metal powder, or the sintered A sintered body film composed of a body is formed on the surface of the base material, and the electrolytic solution contains two kinds of oxyacids of phosphorus, derivatives thereof, or salts thereof in a total amount of 0.02 [% by mass] to 2.0% by mass. It is characterized by containing in the range of 0 [mass %].
- another electrolytic capacitor according to the present invention is a capacitor element having an anode foil on which a dielectric layer is formed, a cathode foil, and a separator disposed between the anode foil and the cathode foil. and an electrolytic solution impregnated in the capacitor element, wherein the anode foil or the cathode foil is formed in a foil shape from a sintered body of a composition containing metal powder, or the sintered A sintered film composed of a body is formed on the surface of the substrate, and the electrolytic solution contains two or more kinds of oxyacids of phosphorus, derivatives thereof, or salts thereof.
- the anode foil or the cathode foil is formed by forming a foil-shaped sintered body of a composition containing a metal powder, or by sintering the sintered body.
- a method for producing an electrolytic capacitor comprising a sintered foil in which a body film is formed on the surface of a base material, wherein the electrolytic solution contains two kinds of oxyacids of phosphorus, derivatives thereof, or salts thereof in total. It is characterized by adding in the range of 0.02 [mass %] to 2.0 [mass %].
- the anode foil or the cathode foil is formed by forming a foil-shaped sintered body of a composition containing a metal powder, or by forming a sintered body of the sintered body.
- the present invention in an electrolytic capacitor to which sintered foil is applied, it is possible to reduce leakage current and suppress deterioration of life characteristics while achieving high capacity due to sintered foil.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (front sectional view) showing an example of an electrolytic capacitor according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a capacitor element in the electrolytic capacitor according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of the capacitor element in the electrolytic capacitor according to the embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing an electrolytic capacitor according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is an overall view of the capacitor element shown in FIG. 2A.
- FIG. 3B is a partial view showing in greater detail a portion of the capacitor element shown in FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 4B is Table 2-2
- FIG. 4C is Table 2-3
- FIG. 4D is Table 2-4
- FIG. 4E is Table 2-5.
- FIG. 5 represents the results of Test 3 and is a graph of Table 3.
- FIG. 5A shows leakage currents of Example 3-1 and Reference Example 3-1.
- FIG. 5B shows leakage currents of Example 3-2 and Reference Example 3-2.
- FIG. 6 shows the results of Test 3 and is a graph of Table 3, showing the leakage currents of Comparative Example 3 and Reference Example 3-3.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (front sectional view) showing an example of an electrolytic capacitor 1 according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the capacitor element 2 in the electrolytic capacitor 1 according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of the capacitor element 2.
- FIG. 2A and 2B both schematically show an example of the basic configuration of the capacitor element 2.
- FIG. A wound type electrolytic capacitor 1 will be described below as an example of an embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this form, and may be, for example, a laminated type, a coin type, or the like.
- an aluminum electrolytic capacitor 1 made of an electrode material mainly made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and having an anode foil 8 having an oxide film 8d as a dielectric layer
- the main material may be a valve metal other than aluminum or an alloy thereof.
- the capacitor element 2 is accommodated in the exterior material 6.
- the opening of the exterior material 6 is sealed with the sealing material 5, and the edge of the opening of the exterior material 6 is crimped by the sealing material 5 to be sealed.
- Lead terminals 4 (anode terminal 4 a and cathode terminal 4 b ) are passed through two through-holes provided in sealing material 5 , and lead wires 11 are drawn out of electrolytic capacitor 1 .
- the number and positions of the explosion-proof valves 7 are not limited, and they may be provided in the sealing material 5 or may be provided in both the exterior material 6 and the sealing material 5 .
- the capacitor element 2 includes an anode foil 8, a cathode foil 9, and a separator 10 disposed between the anode foil 8 and the cathode foil 9. I have.
- Anode terminal 4a and cathode terminal 4b are attached to anode foil 8 and cathode foil 9, respectively.
- the electrode foils are made of an electrode material whose main material is a valve metal such as aluminum or tantalum or an alloy thereof, and optionally have a base material 8a that supports the electrode material.
- the main material of the base material 8a is not particularly limited, the base material 8a can also be made of a valve metal such as aluminum or tantalum, or an alloy thereof. It should be noted that the fact that the material is the “main material” here means that the inclusion of a trace amount of impurities is allowed as will be described later.
- the main material of the electrode material according to this embodiment is aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the aluminum in the aluminum or aluminum alloy preferably has a purity of 99.80 [mass%] or more from the viewpoint of preventing defects caused by impurities, and further has a purity of 99 from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in leakage current under high-temperature loads. .99 [mass %] or more is preferable.
- use an alloy containing one or more of elements such as silicon, iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, chromium, zinc, titanium, vanadium, gallium, nickel, boron, zirconium, etc. can be done. In this case, the content of each of these elements is preferably 100 [mass ppm] or less, particularly 50 [mass ppm] or less.
- the anode foil 8 is configured as a sintered foil
- the cathode foil 9 is configured as an etched foil, both of which have an enlarged surface structure.
- the sintered foil of anode foil 8 is a foil having a metal sintered body at least on its surface.
- the cathode foil 9 is, for example, formed by subjecting an aluminum foil, which is an electrode material, to an etching treatment, but the cathode foil 9 may also be formed as a sintered foil.
- the etching treatment may be performed by a DC electrolysis method, an AC electrolysis method, or the like.
- the sintered foil can be formed, for example, by applying a composition containing at least aluminum powder to the surface of the aluminum foil, which is the base material 8a, and heating and sintering the composition.
- a sintered foil having a sintered film 8b made of a sintered body of a composition containing aluminum powder formed on the surface of the aluminum foil can be formed.
- the sintered body film 8b, which is the electrode material may be formed on at least one side of the aluminum foil, which is the base material 8a, facing the cathode foil 9.
- the "surface of the substrate” in the claims may mean one side of the substrate 8a.
- the material (main material) of the base material 8a and the sintered body film 8b does not necessarily have to match.
- a sintered film 8b made of a sintered body of a composition containing an aluminum alloy powder may be formed on the surface of the aluminum foil that is the base material 8a.
- the sintered foil can be formed by heating and sintering a composition containing at least aluminum powder without having the base material 8a, and forming a foil before and after that. .
- a sintered foil composed of a foil-shaped sintered body 8c in which a sintered body of a composition containing aluminum powder is formed into a foil shape can be formed.
- the sintered body film 8b and the foil-shaped sintered body 8c are obtained by sintering aluminum or aluminum alloy powder grains while maintaining gaps between them. That is, it is a porous sintered body in which each sintered grain 8e is connected while having voids to form a three-dimensional network structure.
- the sintered foil has an enlarged surface structure with a specific surface area greater than that of the etched foil.
- the electrolytic capacitor 1 according to this embodiment can achieve a larger capacitance than an electrolytic capacitor to which an etched foil is applied.
- the sintered foil of FIGS. 2A and 2B may be subjected to an etching treatment to further widen the surface.
- the composition containing aluminum or aluminum alloy powder may contain additives such as binders, solvents, sintering aids, and surfactants, if necessary.
- additives such as binders, solvents, sintering aids, and surfactants, if necessary.
- Publicly known products and commercially available products can be appropriately used as these additives.
- binders include carboxy-modified polyolefin resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer resin, vinyl alcohol resin, butyral resin, vinyl fluoride resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, urethane resin, Synthetic resins such as epoxy resin, urea resin, phenolic resin, acrylonitrile resin, nitrocellulose resin, paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, wax, tar (dry distillation liquid), glue, lacquer, lacquer (pine resin), beeswax (beeswax) and other natural resins and the like can be used.
- the solvent can be water, or an organic solvent such as ethanol, toluene, ketones, esters, or the like.
- the composition containing the aluminum or aluminum alloy powder has moldability and shape retention, and the sintered body film 8b and the foil-shaped sintered body are obtained.
- the joint 8c can be formed with an optimum thickness.
- the sintering conditions for the composition are not limited, as an example, they may be set within a range from 560 [°C] to 660 [°C] and from 5 [hours] to 24 [hours].
- the sintering atmosphere may be a vacuum, an inert gas atmosphere such as argon gas, an air atmosphere, an oxidizing atmosphere, a reducing atmosphere, or the like.
- the pressure environment may be normal pressure, reduced pressure or increased pressure.
- the composition contains an organic additive such as an organic binder, as an example, prior to sintering, it is preferable to perform heating in advance at 100 [° C.] or more and 600 [° C.] or less for 5 [hours] or more.
- Such pretreatment sometimes referred to as “degreasing treatment”
- sintering treatment evaporate the organic additives, but some components remain as carbon residue on the sintered body film 8b and the foil-shaped sintered body. 8c, which can cause an increase in the leakage current of the electrolytic capacitor 1.
- the electrolytic capacitor 1 reduces the leakage current by the electrolyte composition described later, and realizes both a large capacitance due to the sintered foil and a low leakage current due to the electrolyte composition. can.
- An oxide film 8d as a dielectric layer is formed by chemical conversion treatment on the surface of the anode foil 8 configured as a sintered foil as described above.
- the chemical conversion treatment may be performed, for example, by an anodizing treatment in which the target metal is used as an anode and is immersed in a chemical conversion bath and a voltage is applied to form the oxide film 8d, or the target metal is simply placed in the chemical conversion bath. It may be performed by a process of immersion.
- the cathode foil 9 is basically not chemically treated, but the surface of the cathode foil 9 is naturally oxidized by oxygen in the air. (not shown) are formed.
- the separator 10 disposed between the anode foil 8 and the cathode foil 9 to partition them is not particularly limited in structure. Cloths, sheets, films, etc. formed of synthetic fibers can be applied. Moreover, a mixed product, a blended product, etc. of natural fibers and synthetic fibers may be applied.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of the basic configuration of the capacitor element 2 and shows one separator 10, the number is not limited in practice, and as an example, as shown in FIG. 3B , two sheets (the first separator 10a and the second separator 10b) may be provided.
- the capacitor element 2 is impregnated with the electrolytic solution 3 .
- the electrolytic solution 3 is contained in the gap between the two electrode foils 8 and 9 , and part of the electrolytic solution 3 is also impregnated into the separator 10 depending on the configuration and material of the separator 10 .
- Electrolytic solution 3 is configured to come into contact with the dielectric layer (oxide film 8 d ) formed on anode foil 8 and substantially function as a true cathode that serves as a counter electrode of anode foil 8 .
- the electrolytic solution 3 does not have to be completely filled between the electrode foils 8 and 9 as long as the function can be exhibited. There may be areas where there is no
- the electrolyte solution 3 is a fluid component.
- the electrolytic solution 3 contains a solvent, a solute that is an electrolyte, and further contains predetermined additives.
- a solvent consisting only of an organic solvent, or a water-organic solvent system in which a predetermined amount of water is added to an organic solvent as a main solvent, or the like can be applied.
- the water-organic solvent system can increase the dissolving power of the electrolyte and the mobility of ions, and can reduce the specific resistance of the electrolyte solution 3 .
- electrical properties can be ensured at lower temperatures.
- the solvent consists only of an organic solvent, the electrolytic solution 3 does not contain water. It can prevent the internal pressure from rising.
- organic solvents examples include protic solvents such as monohydric alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol and butyl alcohol; dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol; Examples include trihydric alcohols such as glycerin, derivatives thereof, and the like.
- lactone compounds such as ⁇ -butyrolactone, sulfolane, methylsulfolane, dimethylsulfolane, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, pyrrolidine, 2-pyrrolidinone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 1,3-dimethyl- 2-imidazolidinone, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, N-methylformamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, nitrobenzene, and derivatives thereof.
- one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be mixed and used.
- both protic and aprotic solvents may be used.
- organic acids, inorganic acids, composite compounds of organic acids and inorganic acids, derivatives thereof, or salts thereof can be applied to the solute that is the electrolyte.
- one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be mixed and used.
- both organic and inorganic acids may be used.
- organic acids and derivatives thereof include monocarboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, benzoic acid, caprylic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- Dicarboxylic acids such as oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, phthalic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, 1,6-decanedicarboxylic acid and 5,6-decanedicarboxylic acid acid, 1,10-decanedicarboxylic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- hydroxycarboxylic acids include citric acid, salicylic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- inorganic acids and derivatives thereof include boric acid, sulfamic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- composite compounds of organic acids and inorganic acids and derivatives thereof include boron complexes of dicarboxylic acids or hydroxycarboxylic acids. acid, borodiglycolic acid, borodicitric acid, borodisalicylic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- Examples of salts of organic acids, inorganic acids, composite compounds of organic acids and inorganic acids, and derivatives thereof include ammonium salts, alkylammonium salts, amine salts, amidine salts, sodium salts, potassium salts, and the like. mentioned.
- Examples of amine salts include dimethylamine, diethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldimethylamine, diethylmethylamine, methanolamine, ethanolamine, dimethanolamine, diethanolamine, trimethanolamine, triethanolamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine. , morpholine, methylmorpholine, ethylmorpholine, oxazolidine, thiomorpholine, thiazolidine and the like.
- amine salts for example, when an amine salt is used as a solute component, leakage current, especially under high temperature load, is reduced over a long period of time compared to when an ammonium salt or the like is used. Therefore, it is possible to extend the life of the electrolytic capacitor 1 when it is used at high temperatures.
- the mechanism of the leakage current reduction effect of this amine salt is, for example, that the unshared electron pair of the nitrogen atom, which is made negative by the electron-donating property of the alkyl group of the amine, forms electrons on the surface of the aluminum or aluminum alloy foil, which is the electrode foil. By providing and adsorbing , it is conceivable that the defective portion of the oxide film is protected by amine.
- the electrolytic capacitor 1 to which the sintered foil is applied has not only the leakage current originating from the defective portion of the oxide film 8d as in the case of the etched foil, but also the additive used when forming the sintered body.
- a remaining portion of a substance for example, an organic binder or the like
- the amine salt (amine) contained in the electrolytic solution 3 acts on each starting point of the leakage current, and as a result, the leakage current reduction effect peculiar to the electrolytic capacitor 1 to which the sintered foil is applied is produced.
- electrolyte solution 3 does not necessarily need to be composed of amine salts in order to obtain this effect. If at least the main solute (for example, 50 [mass %] or more of the solute component) is composed of an amine salt, a certain or more leakage current reduction effect can be obtained.
- electrolyte solution 3 containing an amine salt is a convenient expression due to the fact that the amine salt is added during the preparation of the electrolytic solution 3, and the "salt" is added during the action after the addition. It does not have to be contained in the state.
- the solute which is an electrolyte, should be added in an optimum amount according to the type within the range where the desired conductivity can be secured and it can be dissolved in the solvent.
- an organic acid, a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof may be added in a range of about 3 [mass %] to 30 [mass %] of the total mass of the electrolytic solution 3 .
- the inorganic acid, its derivative, or salt thereof may be added in the range of about 0.1 [mass %] to 15 [mass %] of the total mass of the electrolytic solution 3 .
- organic acid-based component and the inorganic acid-based component are mixed and used, they are added in the range of about 0.1 [mass%] to 15 [mass%] of the total mass of the electrolyte solution 3. All you have to do is
- the electrolytic solution 3 according to the present embodiment further contains an oxyacid of phosphorus as an additive.
- Phosphorus oxyacids include orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), phosphorous acid (H 3 PO 3 ), hypophosphorous acid (H 3 PO 2 ), and the like. By containing any one of these, the effect of reducing leakage current is exhibited, but by containing two or more types, as a function and effect specific to the electrolytic capacitor 1 to which the sintered foil is applied, further Remarkable leakage current reduction effect is exhibited stably.
- the electrolytic solution 3 contains orthophosphoric acid and hypophosphorous acid as additives.
- the leakage current at 450 [V] for 1 [minute] application is 114 [ ⁇ A] for an electrolytic capacitor to which phosphorus oxyacid is not added, whereas hypophosphorous acid is 0.01 [ ⁇ A].
- [mass %] added electrolytic capacitor 1 was 31.5 [ ⁇ A].
- the leakage current was 26.4 [ ⁇ A], and a remarkable decrease in leakage current was observed.
- the amount of orthophosphoric acid added is increased to 0.05 [mass%], 0.1 [mass%], 0.3 [mass%], 0.5 [mass%], and 1.0 [mass%]. Then, the leakage current did not change significantly, and the suppressing effect was stably exhibited.
- the electrolytic capacitor to which the etched foil is applied 22.8 [ ⁇ A] with 0.01 [mass%] of hypophosphorous acid added, and 0.01 [mass%] of orthophosphoric acid added is 22.9 [ ⁇ A], and compared to the fact that there was almost no difference, the remarkable and stable reduction effect of leakage current by combining different types of phosphorus oxyacids is that the sintered foil is applied. It can be seen that this is an effect peculiar to the present embodiment, which has been designed (see Table 2-1).
- the electrolytic capacitor 1 to which the sintered foil is applied has not only a leakage current originating from the defective portion of the oxide film 8d as in the case of the etched foil, but also the organic binder used when forming the sintered body. There is also a possibility that a leakage current originating from a remaining portion of a carbon residue or the like originating from the .
- a leakage current originating from a remaining portion of a carbon residue or the like originating from the electrolytic capacitor 1 in which a plurality of starting points of leakage current may exist
- a plurality of types of oxyacids of phosphorus contained in the electrolytic solution 3 act on the respective starting points and exhibit a synergistic effect. Therefore, it is believed that the leakage current is reduced more sufficiently. As a result, a remarkable effect of reducing leakage current can be stably exhibited, and deterioration of life characteristics affected by leakage current can be suppressed.
- the phosphorus oxyacid may be added to the electrolytic solution 3 as a phosphorus oxyacid, a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof.
- the amount of addition if at least one type of phosphorus oxyacid is added to 0.01 [mass%] of the total mass (in 100 [mass%]) of the electrolyte 3, the effect of reducing the leakage current is exhibited (Table 1: see Examples 1-1 and 1-8), therefore, when two types of phosphorus oxyacids are added, if the total of the two types is added at least 0.02 [mass%], the amount of phosphorus A leakage current reduction effect equal to or greater than that obtained when only one type of oxyacid is used is exhibited.
- the electrolytic solution 3 contains 0.02 [mass %] to 2.0 [mass %] in total of two types of phosphorus oxyacids, derivatives thereof, or salts thereof. More preferably, each is added in an amount of 0.01 [mass %] to 1.0 [mass %]. When one type of phosphorus oxyacid, derivative thereof, or salt thereof is added, it is preferably added in an amount of 0.01 [mass %] to 2.0 [mass %].
- the phosphorus oxyacid added to the electrolytic solution 3 is, for example, adsorbed to the electrode foils 8 and 9 and the separator 10, or reacts with aluminum ions dissolved from the electrode foils 8 and 9, and the content (Content ratio) is considered to be lower than the initial addition amount (addition ratio) by a predetermined amount.
- the upper limit of the amount to be added is not particularly limited in terms of the effect of suppressing leakage current Considering that a predetermined concentration decrease over time is taken into consideration, the preferable content (content ratio) of the oxyacid of phosphorus or its derivative or salt thereof can be set to 0.02 [mass%] to 2.0 [mass%] in total for the two types of addition amount (addition ratio), more preferably each of 0.01 [mass%] to 1 It can be set to 0 [% by mass]. Similarly, when one type of phosphorus oxyacid, derivative thereof, or salt thereof is contained, the content can be preferably set to 0.01 [mass %] to 2.0 [mass %].
- the electrolytic solution 3 may appropriately contain a known predetermined additive other than the oxyacid of phosphorus.
- the electrolytic capacitor 1 according to the present embodiment having the above configuration can be manufactured by a known electrolytic capacitor manufacturing method, except that the electrolytic solution 3 having the composition described above is used.
- a lead terminal 4 anode terminal 4a
- a sintered foil on which an oxide film 8d (not shown in FIG. 3B) is formed by chemical conversion treatment.
- a separator 10 (a first separator 10a and a second separator 10b) is provided between an anode foil 8 joined by caulking or the like and a cathode foil 9 joined to an etched foil with a lead terminal 4 (cathode terminal 4b) by caulking or the like.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B After the obtained wound body is subjected to a chemical conversion treatment again as necessary, it is immersed in three baths of the electrolytic solution having the composition according to the present embodiment, so that the gap between the electrode foils 8 and 9 is filled with the electrolytic solution. 3 can be introduced (impregnated) to manufacture the capacitor element 2 .
- a lead wire 11 is connected to the lead terminal 4 at appropriate times (illustration of the lead terminal 4 and the lead wire 11 is omitted in FIG. 3A).
- introduction of the electrolytic solution 3 may be performed under reduced pressure, if necessary.
- the capacitor element 2 is housed in the exterior material 6, and the sealing material 5 is placed in the opening of the exterior material 6 for sealing.
- lead terminals 4 anode terminal 4 a and cathode terminal 4 b
- the edge of the opening of the exterior material 6 is crimped to the sealing material 5 for sealing.
- an aging process may be performed for repairing defects in the oxide film 8d caused during the cutting or winding of the foil by applying a voltage for a predetermined time under high temperature conditions.
- Test 1 and Test 2 An electrolytic capacitor using a sintered foil as the anode foil (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a "sintered foil capacitor") was manufactured by the following procedure.
- anode foil For the anode foil, first, 60 [parts by mass] of aluminum powder and 40 [parts by mass] of an acrylic binder were mixed and dispersed in toluene. A film was formed and dried. Next, the aluminum foil was sintered by heating at 655° C. for 7 hours in an argon gas atmosphere to produce a sintered foil. Next, the sintered foil was subjected to a predetermined anodizing treatment to form an oxide film, and then cut into an appropriate size to produce an anode foil.
- the aluminum foil was subjected to a predetermined etching treatment to roughen the surface, and then cut into an appropriate size to produce the cathode foil.
- a lead terminal was joined to each of the anode foil and the cathode foil, and a separator was sandwiched between the anode foil and the cathode foil.
- a lead wire was connected to the lead terminal.
- the obtained wound body was immersed in an electrolytic bath to impregnate the electrolytic solution, thereby producing a capacitor element.
- the composition of the electrolytic solution is based on the solvent "ethylene glycol: 93 [mass%]” and the solute "predetermined dicarboxylic acid ammonium salt: 7 [mass%]". was adjusted by reducing the amount of solvent blended.
- the composition of the electrolytic solution when 0.01 [mass%] of orthophosphoric acid is added is ethylene glycol: 92.99 [mass%], ammonium dicarboxylic acid salt: 7 [mass%], orthophosphoric acid: 0.01 [% by mass] was set to 100 [% by mass] in total.
- the fabricated capacitor element is housed in a bottomed cylindrical outer packaging material, and the sealing material is placed in the opening of the outer packaging material for sealing, and the opening rim of the outer packaging material is crimped to seal it.
- an electrolytic capacitor was manufactured and subjected to a predetermined aging treatment. As a result, a sintered foil capacitor with a capacitance of 75 [ ⁇ F] (measurement conditions: 25 [° C.], 120 [Hz]) was obtained.
- an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using an etched foil as the anode foil (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an "etched foil capacitor") was manufactured by the following procedure.
- the aluminum foil was etched under the same conditions as the cathode foil of the sintered foil capacitor to roughen the surface.
- the etched foil thus produced was subjected to a predetermined anodizing treatment to form an oxide film, and then cut into an appropriate size to produce an anode foil.
- the aluminum foil was etched under the same conditions as the cathode foil of the sintered foil capacitor to roughen the surface, and then cut into an appropriate size to produce the cathode foil.
- a capacitor element was fabricated in the same manner as the sintered foil capacitor using the anode foil and the cathode foil.
- the composition of the electrolyte was also the same as that of the sintered foil capacitor.
- an electrolytic capacitor was manufactured in the same manner as the sintered foil capacitor, and was subjected to aging treatment under the same conditions as the sintered foil capacitor.
- an etched foil capacitor with a capacitance of 64 [ ⁇ F] (measurement conditions: 25 [° C.], 120 [Hz]) was obtained.
- Test 1 Leakage current LC1 was measured for sintered foil capacitors impregnated with an electrolytic solution to which hypophosphorous acid and/or orthophosphoric acid were added at the ratio shown in Table 1, and leakage current LC2 per unit capacity was calculated.
- the leakage current LC1 the leakage current [ ⁇ A] after 1 [minute] has passed since the start of application of 450 [V] was measured.
- Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 1 sintered foil capacitors in which one kind of phosphorus oxyacid (hypophosphorous acid or orthophosphoric acid) was added to the electrolyte were used as examples (Examples 1-1 to 1-14). A sintered foil capacitor to which no acid was added was used as a comparative example (Comparative Example 1-1).
- Example 2-1 a sintered foil capacitor in which one type (hypophosphorous acid or orthophosphoric acid) or two types (hypophosphorous acid and orthophosphoric acid) of phosphorus oxyacid was added to the electrolytic solution was used as an example (Example 2-1 ⁇ Example 2-35), and an etching foil capacitor in which one type (hypophosphorous acid or orthophosphoric acid) or two types (hypophosphorous acid and orthophosphoric acid) of phosphorus oxyacid is added to the electrolyte is a comparative example (comparative Example 2-1 to Comparative Example 2-35).
- Example 2-1 Example 2-8, Example 2-15, Example 2-22, and Example 2-29, Example 1-1, Example 1-2, Example 1 -3, Examples 1-5, and Examples 1-6.
- the leakage current LC1 was also measured for an etched foil capacitor to which phosphorus oxyacid was not added. As a result, the leakage current LC1 was 86.7 [ ⁇ A], and the leakage current LC2 per unit capacity was 1.35 [ ⁇ A/ ⁇ F]. On the other hand, according to Test 1 described above, the leakage current LC1 in the sintered foil capacitor (Comparative Example 1-1) to which phosphorus oxyacid was not added was 114 [ ⁇ A], and the leakage current LC2 per unit capacity was 1.52 [ ⁇ A/ ⁇ F].
- the leakage current LC2 per unit capacity was It was 0.420 [ ⁇ A/ ⁇ F], but when 0.01 [mass %] of orthophosphoric acid was added (Example 2-2), it decreased significantly to 0.352 [ ⁇ A/ ⁇ F]. Furthermore, the amount of orthophosphoric acid added is increased to 0.05 [mass%], 0.1 [mass%], 0.3 [mass%], 0.5 [mass%], and 1.0 [mass%].
- hypophosphorous acid and orthophosphoric acid when adding hypophosphorous acid and orthophosphoric acid to the electrolytic solution, it is preferable to add 0.02 [mass%] to 2.0 [mass%] of hypophosphorous acid and orthophosphoric acid in total, and more Preferably, 0.01 [mass%] to 1.0 [mass%] of hypophosphorous acid and orthophosphoric acid are each added, and more preferably 0.05 [mass%] of hypophosphorous acid is added. ] to 1.0 [mass %] and orthophosphoric acid is preferably added in the range of 0.01 [mass %] to 1.0 [mass %].
- test 3 By the same procedure as Test 1 and Test 2, a sintered foil capacitor (capacitance: 27 [ ⁇ F], measurement conditions are the same as Test 1 and Test 2) with sintered foil applied to the anode foil, and the anode foil An etched foil capacitor was manufactured by applying the etched foil.
- Example 3-1 ethylene glycol was used as the main solvent, dimethylamine azelate was used as the main solute, and phosphorus oxyacid was added as an additive, and the water content and specific resistance were appropriately adjusted. .
- the amount of dimethylamine azelate to be added was 12 [mass %] of the total mass of the electrolytic solution.
- Example 3-2 ethylene glycol was used as the main solvent, diethylamine azelate was used as the main solute, phosphorus oxyacid was added as an additive, and the water content and specific resistance were appropriately adjusted.
- the amount of diethylamine azelate added was 12 [mass %] of the total mass of the electrolytic solution.
- ethylene glycol was used as the main solvent
- ammonium azelate was used as the main solute
- phosphorus oxyacid was added as an additive, and the water content and specific resistance were appropriately adjusted.
- the amount of ammonium azelate added was 6 [mass %] of the total mass of the electrolyte.
- composition (type and amount) of phosphorus oxyacid as an additive considering the results of Test 1 and Test 2, etc., between each example (especially between Examples and Comparative Examples) was blended so that there would be no difference in the effect of reducing the leakage current due to the oxyacid of the phosphorus.
- the etched foil capacitors were also manufactured using the same electrolytic solution composition as in Reference Example 3-1, Example 3-2, and Comparative Example 3. Three kinds of electrolytic solution compositions of Reference Example 3-3 were produced.
- a high temperature load test was performed by applying a voltage of 425 [V] at 105 [°C] for 1500 [hours] or more, and the leakage current [ ⁇ A] was measured at each predetermined elapsed time. Specifically, after the start of the high-temperature load, the leakage current is measured at relatively short intervals in the beginning, after about 500 [hours], about 1000 [hours], and finally about 1500 [hours]. Each was measured after the passage of time. The results are shown in Table 3 and graphically in FIGS. 5 and 6. As for the graphs, FIG. 5A shows the leakage current of Example 3-1 and Reference Example 3-1, FIG. 5B shows the leakage current of Example 3-2 and Reference Example 3-2, and FIG. The leakage currents for Examples 3-3 are shown, respectively.
- the leakage current of the sintered foil capacitor becomes larger than that of the etched foil capacitor after 78 [hours] have passed since the start of the high temperature load, and is higher than that of the etched foil capacitor until 1517 [hours] have passed. also remained at a high value.
- the difference in leakage current from Reference Example 3-3 is, for example, 2.03 [ ⁇ A] after 512 [hours], 2.40 [ ⁇ A] after 989 [hours], and 1517 [ ⁇ A]. It became 2.40 [ ⁇ A] after [time] elapsed, and the difference was relatively large.
- the difference in leakage current from Reference Example 3-1 is, for example, 1.80 [ ⁇ A] after 512 [hours] and 1.73 [ ⁇ A] after 989 [hours]. [ ⁇ A], and after 1517 [hours] elapsed, it became 1.53 [ ⁇ A], and the difference became relatively small.
- Example 3-2 the difference in leakage current from Reference Example 3-2 is, for example, 1.57 [ ⁇ A] after 512 [hours] and 1.63 [ ⁇ A] after 989 [hours]. ], and 1.63 [ ⁇ A] after 1517 [hours] elapsed, and the difference became relatively small.
- Comparative Example 3 when comparing the difference in the value of the leakage current with the average value from after 78 [hours] to after 1517 [hours] have passed, in Comparative Example 3, it was 1.70 [ ⁇ A], which is relatively large.
- Example 3-2 it was relatively small at 1.40 [ ⁇ A]
- Example 3-1 it was even smaller at 1.17 [ ⁇ A].
- the amine salt contained as the main solute in the electrolytic solution has the effect of reducing leakage current as an effect peculiar to sintered foil capacitors, especially the effect of reducing leakage current over a long period of time under high temperature load. .
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Abstract
Description
(焼結箔コンデンサ)
陽極箔に焼結箔を適用した電解コンデンサ(以下、「焼結箔コンデンサ」と表記する場合がある)を以下の手順で製造した。
また、陽極箔にエッチング箔を適用したアルミニウム電解コンデンサ(以下、「エッチング箔コンデンサ」と表記する場合がある)を以下の手順で製造した。
表1に示す比率で次亜リン酸および/またはオルトリン酸を添加した電解液を含浸させた焼結箔コンデンサについて、漏れ電流LC1を測定し、単位容量当たりの漏れ電流LC2を算出した。漏れ電流LC1は、450[V]印加開始後1[分]経過時の漏れ電流[μA]を測定した。単位容量当たりの漏れ電流LC2は、製品容量1[μF]当たりの漏れ電流[μA/μF]であり、測定した漏れ電流LC1を焼結箔コンデンサの静電容量75[μF]で除した値、すなわち、LC2=LC1/75の式で算出した値である。なお、漏れ電流LC1および単位容量当たりの漏れ電流LC2の測定および算出方法は、全試験で共通である。結果を表1に示す。
表2-1~表2-5に示す比率で次亜リン酸および/またはオルトリン酸を添加した電解液を含浸させた焼結箔コンデンサおよびエッチング箔コンデンサについて、漏れ電流LC1を測定し、単位容量当たりの漏れ電流LC2を算出した。なお、エッチング箔コンデンサにおける単位容量当たりの漏れ電流LC2は、LC2=LC1/64の式で算出した。結果を表2-1~表2-5に示す。また、表2-1~表2-5に示す単位容量当たりの漏れ電流LC2を、図4A~図4Eにグラフで示す。
試験1および試験2と同様の手順により、陽極箔に焼結箔を適用した焼結箔コンデンサ(静電容量:27[μF]、測定条件は試験1および試験2と同じ)、および陽極箔にエッチング箔を適用したエッチング箔コンデンサを製造した。
Claims (12)
- 誘電体層が形成された陽極箔と、陰極箔と、前記陽極箔と前記陰極箔との間に配設されたセパレータと、を有するコンデンサ素子と、
前記コンデンサ素子内に含浸された電解液と、を備え、
前記陽極箔または前記陰極箔は、金属粉末を含有する組成物の焼結体が箔状に形成されてなり、または、前記焼結体からなる焼結体皮膜が基材の表面に形成されてなり、
前記電解液は、一種類のリンの酸素酸もしくはその誘導体またはそれらの塩を0.01質量%~2.0質量%の範囲で含有すること
を特徴とする電解コンデンサ。 - 前記一種類のリンの酸素酸は、次亜リン酸またはオルトリン酸であること
を特徴とする請求項1記載の電解コンデンサ。 - 誘電体層が形成された陽極箔と、陰極箔と、前記陽極箔と前記陰極箔との間に配設されたセパレータと、を有するコンデンサ素子と、
前記コンデンサ素子内に含浸された電解液と、を備え、
前記陽極箔または前記陰極箔は、金属粉末を含有する組成物の焼結体が箔状に形成されてなり、または、前記焼結体からなる焼結体皮膜が基材の表面に形成されてなり、
前記電解液は、二種類のリンの酸素酸もしくはその誘導体またはそれらの塩を合計で0.02質量%~2.0質量%の範囲で含有すること
を特徴とする電解コンデンサ。 - 前記電解液は、前記二種類のリンの酸素酸もしくはその誘導体またはそれらの塩をそれぞれ0.01質量%~1.0質量%の範囲で含有すること
を特徴とする請求項3記載の電解コンデンサ。 - 前記二種類のリンの酸素酸は、次亜リン酸およびオルトリン酸であること
を特徴とする請求項3または請求項4記載の電解コンデンサ。 - 誘電体層が形成された陽極箔と、陰極箔と、前記陽極箔と前記陰極箔との間に配設されたセパレータと、を有するコンデンサ素子と、
前記コンデンサ素子内に含浸された電解液と、を備え、
前記陽極箔または前記陰極箔は、金属粉末を含有する組成物の焼結体が箔状に形成されてなり、または、前記焼結体からなる焼結体皮膜が基材の表面に形成されてなり、
前記電解液は、二種類以上のリンの酸素酸もしくはその誘導体またはそれらの塩を含有すること
を特徴とする電解コンデンサ。 - 陽極箔または陰極箔が、金属粉末を含有する組成物の焼結体が箔状に形成されてなる、または前記焼結体からなる焼結体皮膜が基材の表面に形成されてなる焼結箔として構成される電解コンデンサの製造方法であって、
電解液に、一種類のリンの酸素酸もしくはその誘導体またはそれらの塩を、0.01質量%~2.0質量%の範囲で添加すること
を特徴とする電解コンデンサの製造方法。 - 前記一種類のリンの酸素酸は、次亜リン酸またはオルトリン酸であること
を特徴とする請求項7記載の電解コンデンサの製造方法。 - 陽極箔または陰極箔が、金属粉末を含有する組成物の焼結体が箔状に形成されてなる、または前記焼結体からなる焼結体皮膜が基材の表面に形成されてなる焼結箔として構成される電解コンデンサの製造方法であって、
電解液に、二種類のリンの酸素酸もしくはその誘導体またはそれらの塩を合計で0.02質量%~2.0質量%の範囲で添加すること
を特徴とする電解コンデンサの製造方法。 - 前記電解液に、前記二種類のリンの酸素酸もしくはその誘導体またはそれらの塩をそれぞれ0.01質量%~1.0質量%の範囲で添加すること
を特徴とする請求項9記載の電解コンデンサの製造方法。 - 前記二種類のリンの酸素酸は、次亜リン酸およびオルトリン酸であること
を特徴とする請求項9または請求項10記載の電解コンデンサの製造方法。 - 陽極箔または陰極箔が、金属粉末を含有する組成物の焼結体が箔状に形成されてなる、または前記焼結体からなる焼結体皮膜が基材の表面に形成されてなる焼結箔として構成される電解コンデンサの製造方法であって、
電解液に、二種類以上のリンの酸素酸もしくはその誘導体またはそれらの塩を添加すること
を特徴とする電解コンデンサの製造方法。
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JP2023535174A JPWO2023286482A1 (ja) | 2021-07-15 | 2022-06-01 | |
CN202280008571.2A CN116802759A (zh) | 2021-07-15 | 2022-07-05 | 电解电容器 |
US18/569,030 US20240282534A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2022-07-05 | Electrolytic capacitor |
PCT/JP2022/026649 WO2023286654A1 (ja) | 2021-07-15 | 2022-07-05 | 電解コンデンサ |
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JP2023535254A JPWO2023286654A1 (ja) | 2021-07-15 | 2022-07-05 | |
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