WO2023286457A1 - 廃水処理方法 - Google Patents
廃水処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023286457A1 WO2023286457A1 PCT/JP2022/021314 JP2022021314W WO2023286457A1 WO 2023286457 A1 WO2023286457 A1 WO 2023286457A1 JP 2022021314 W JP2022021314 W JP 2022021314W WO 2023286457 A1 WO2023286457 A1 WO 2023286457A1
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- Prior art keywords
- valve
- treated water
- filtration
- wastewater treatment
- membrane
- Prior art date
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- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 70
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
- C02F3/1273—Submerged membrane bioreactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
- B01D2311/2688—Biological processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
- B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/18—Use of gases
- B01D2321/185—Aeration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/005—Valves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/303—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the nitrification
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method for solid-liquid separation of wastewater to generate treated water.
- one cycle consists of a filtration operation for filtering wastewater by generating negative pressure on the secondary side (treated water side) of the membrane cartridge while aerating the membrane cartridge, and a filtration stop operation for stopping the filtration operation.
- the cycle repeats.
- the aeration during the filtration stop operation is called relaxation, and the cycle is called an intermittent filtration cycle.
- the action of removing the foulant from the membrane sheet is exhibited by the pressure pulsation inside the membrane cartridge accompanying the rocking of the membrane sheet with respect to the filter plate of the membrane cartridge.
- the higher the flux (permeation flux) the greater the transmembrane pressure of the membrane cartridge, the greater the force that causes the membrane sheet to stick to the filter plate, and the greater the pressure pulsation inside the membrane cartridge. become smaller. Therefore, in order to fully demonstrate the membrane cleaning effect of relaxation, the rate of time for stopping the filtration operation in the intermittent filtration cycle should be increased so that the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane cartridge is balanced (zero). must be ensured.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a wastewater treatment method using an air release valve disposed in the middle of a treated water piping system that connects a membrane separation tank and a treated water tank.
- the atmosphere release valve is opened to open a part of the treated water piping system to the atmosphere, and the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane cartridge is balanced.
- one aspect of the present invention aims to sufficiently exhibit the membrane cleaning effect by relaxation while improving the productivity of treated water.
- the secondary side (treated water side) of the membrane cartridge is Wastewater that generates treated water by solid-liquid separation of wastewater by repeating the cycle of a filtration operation for filtering wastewater by generating negative pressure and a filtration stop operation for stopping the filtration operation.
- a valve connected to a gas retention chamber for retaining the gas contained in the treated water and for supplying fluid to the gas retention chamber is used to match the timing of starting the filtration stop operation in each cycle. to open and then close the valve.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a conventional problem, and is a diagram showing the relationship between the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane cartridge and time.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment system for implementing the wastewater treatment method according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a time chart figure which shows the relationship between the aeration operation
- 1 is a schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment system for carrying out a wastewater treatment method according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment system for carrying out a wastewater treatment method according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment system for carrying out the wastewater treatment method according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a time chart diagram showing the relationship between the aeration operation, the filtration operation, the filtration stop operation, and the opening/closing operation of the degassing valve.
- a wastewater treatment system 10 for carrying out the wastewater treatment method according to Embodiment 1 separates solid-liquid wastewater (water to be treated) E using a membrane separation activated sludge method (MBR). This is a system for producing treated water (filtrate) T.
- the wastewater treatment system 10 includes a membrane separation tank 12 for storing wastewater E.
- a water level gauge 14 for detecting the water level of the wastewater E in the membrane separation tank 12 is provided at an appropriate position in the membrane separation tank 12 .
- a membrane module 16 for solid-liquid separation of the wastewater E is arranged in the membrane separation tank 12 , and the membrane module 16 is immersed in the wastewater E in the membrane separation tank 12 .
- the membrane module 16 has a plurality of flat membrane type membrane cartridges 18 arranged side by side in an upright state.
- the membrane cartridge 18 has a filter plate 20 and membrane sheets 22 provided on both sides of the filter plate 20 .
- the peripheral edge of each membrane sheet 22 is attached to the side surface of each filter plate 20 .
- Each membrane sheet 22 can swing with respect to each filter plate 20 because the portion of each membrane sheet 22 other than the peripheral edge portion is not fixed to each filter plate 20 .
- Passages are formed between each filter plate 20 and each membrane sheet 22 and inside each filter plate 20 for circulating treated water (filtrate) T that has passed through the membrane sheets 22 .
- an aeration device 24 for aerating the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 is arranged below the membrane module 16 in the membrane separation tank 12.
- the aerator 24 supplies compressed air to the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 to clean the membrane surfaces, and also supplies oxygen to the activated sludge contained in the wastewater.
- the inside of the membrane separation tank 12 is brought into an aerobic state, and the wastewater is nitrified with activated sludge.
- the wastewater treatment system 10 includes a treated water tank 26 that stores treated water T, and the treated water tank 26 is arranged at a position separated from the membrane separation tank 12 .
- the water level of the treated water T in the treated water tank 26 is lower than the water level of the waste water E in the membrane separation tank 12 .
- the wastewater treatment system 10 includes a treated water piping system 28 that connects the membrane separation tank 12 and the treated water tank 26 .
- a specific configuration of the treated water piping system 28 is as follows.
- One end of a first pipe 30 is connected to the membrane module 16 , and the other end of the first pipe 30 is connected to a header pipe 32 containing treated water T generated by the membrane module 16 .
- the header pipe 32 is positioned higher than the water level of the treated water T in the membrane separation tank 12 .
- One end of a second pipe 34 is connected to the header pipe 32 , and the other end of the second pipe 34 is connected to the treated water tank 26 .
- a pressure gauge 36 for detecting the pressure corresponding to the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane cartridge 18 , a flow meter 38 for detecting the flow rate of the treated water T, an adjustment valve 40 and a closing valve 42 are connected to the second pipe 34 . are arranged sequentially from the side (upstream side).
- One end of the third pipe 44 is connected between the flow meter 38 and the adjustment valve 40 in the second pipe 34 , and the other end of the third pipe 44 is connected to the treated water tank 26 .
- a suction valve 46 , a suction pump 48 , and a closing valve 50 are arranged in order from one end of the third pipe 44 to the third pipe 44 .
- the control device when gravity filtration is performed, the control device consisting of a computer closes the suction valve 46, opens the closing valve 42, and adjusts the opening degree of the adjustment valve 40 to adjust the amount of filtration. Then, a negative pressure is generated on the secondary side (treated water side) of the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 due to the head difference between the membrane separation tank 12 and the treated water tank 26, and the wastewater E is gravity filtered. Moreover, when performing the filtration stop operation for stopping the gravity filtration operation, the control device closes the closing valve 42 .
- the control device When performing a suction filtration operation, the control device closes the closing valve 42 and opens the suction valve 46 and the closing valve 50 . The controller then drives the suction pump 48 . Then, a negative pressure is generated on the secondary side (treated water side) of the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 by the suction force of the suction pump 48, and the waste water E is sucked and filtered. Further, when performing a filtration stop operation for stopping the suction filtration operation, the control device stops driving the suction pump 48 and closes the closing valve 50 .
- the control device switches between the gravity filtration operation and the suction filtration operation based on the detection results from the water level gauge 14 and the flow meter 38, and the like.
- a gas retention chamber 52 for retaining gas contained in the treated water T is provided in the upper portion of the header pipe 32 , and the gas retention chamber 52 communicates with the inside of the header pipe 32 .
- a water level gauge 54 for detecting the water level of the treated water T in the gas retention chamber 52 is provided at an appropriate position in the gas retention chamber 52 .
- the gas retention chamber 52 may be a gas retention tank separated from the header pipe 32 and disposed at a position higher than the header pipe 32 .
- the gas contained in the treated water T is mainly air, but is not limited to air.
- the wastewater treatment system 10 includes a gas venting piping system 56 that connects the gas retention chamber 52 and the treated water tank 26 .
- a specific configuration of the degassing piping system 56 is as follows.
- One end of a fourth pipe 58 is connected to the gas retention chamber 52, and the other end of the fourth pipe 58 is connected to an ejector 60 that generates negative pressure.
- a gas release valve 62 is provided in the middle of the fourth pipe 58 to release gas accumulated in the gas retention chamber 52 .
- the gas vent valve 62 is connected to the gas retention chamber 52 via a fourth pipe 58 .
- One end of the fifth pipe 64 is connected to the ejector 60 , and the other end of the fifth pipe 64 is connected to the treated water tank 26 .
- a check valve 66 for preventing reverse flow to the treated water tank 26 side and an ejector pump 68 are sequentially arranged in the fifth pipe 64 from the ejector 60 side.
- One end of the sixth pipe 70 is connected to the ejector 60, and the other end of the sixth pipe 70 is open to the atmosphere.
- a hopper 72 for collecting the treated water T is arranged below the other end of the sixth pipe 70 .
- One end of a seventh pipe 74 is connected to the hopper 72 , and the other end of the seventh pipe 74 is connected to the treated water tank 26 .
- the control device drives the ejector pump 68 and opens the gas vent valve 62 when the water level gauge 54 detects the predetermined first low water level. Then, the high-speed treated water T is supplied to the ejector 60, and the ejector 60 generates negative pressure. As a result, the gas in the gas retention chamber 52 is sucked and released to the atmosphere via the fourth pipe 58 and the sixth pipe 70 . At this time, part of the treated water T sucked together with the gas in the gas retention chamber 52 passes through the fourth pipe 58 , the ejector 60 , the sixth pipe 70 , the hopper 72 and the seventh pipe 74 to the treated water tank 26 . to be recovered.
- the predetermined first low water level is a water level that is lower than the reference water level and at which it is necessary to remove the gas in the gas retention chamber 52 .
- the reference water level is the water level that serves as a reference when the gas vent valve 62 is closed.
- the control device closes the degassing valve 62 and stops driving the ejector pump 68 . Then, the operation of sucking the gas in the gas retention chamber 52 stops, and the treated water T accumulates between the gas release valve 62 and the ejector 60 in the fourth pipe 58 .
- control device may periodically open and close the gas vent valve 62.
- the treated water T is accumulated between the gas vent valve 62 and the ejector 60 in the fourth pipe 58 . Therefore, when the gas vent valve 62 is opened, part of the treated water T accumulated between the gas vent valve 62 and the ejector 60 in the fourth pipe 58 is supplied to the gas retention chamber 52 . That is, the gas vent valve 62 is a valve for venting the gas retained in the gas retention chamber 52 and a valve for supplying the treated water T as a fluid to the gas retention chamber 52 .
- a filtration operation and a filtration stop operation are performed while aerating a plurality of membrane cartridges 18 immersed in the wastewater E in the membrane separation tank 12. , and by repeating the cycle (intermittent filtration cycle), waste water E is solid-liquid separated to produce treated water T.
- the filtration operation means an operation of generating a negative pressure on the secondary side of the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 to filter the waste water E, and includes gravity filtration operation and suction filtration operation.
- the filtering stop operation refers to an operation for stopping the filtering operation.
- the control device controls the filtration stop operation in each intermittent filtration cycle so as not to generate an airlock (bubbles) in the treated water piping system 28.
- the degassing valve 62 is once opened and then closed.
- control device once opens the degassing valve 62 at the same time or immediately after starting the filtration stop operation in each cycle, and then closes it after a predetermined time (for example, 1 second) has elapsed.
- a predetermined time for example, 1 second
- the degree of opening when the gas vent valve 62 is opened does not need to be fully open, and may be a slight degree of opening as long as an appropriate amount of treated water T can be supplied to the gas retention chamber 52 .
- the control device drives the ejector pump 68 and opens the gas vent valve 62 when the water level gauge 54 detects a predetermined second low water level while repeating the intermittent filtration cycle. Then, the gas in the gas retention chamber 52 is released, and the water level of the treated water T in the gas retention chamber 52 rises. Thereafter, when the water level gauge 54 detects the reference water level, the control device closes the degassing valve 62 and stops driving the ejector pump 68 .
- the predetermined second low water level is a water level lower than the predetermined first low water level and is the water level before an airlock occurs in the treated water piping system 28 . In other words, the predetermined second low water level is the water level for avoiding an airlock in the treated water piping system 28 .
- control device may perform the following.
- the control device once opens the gas vent valve 62 at the same time or immediately after starting the filtration stop operation of each intermittent filtration cycle, and opens the gas vent valve 62 when the transmembrane pressure difference of the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 becomes zero. close. Based on the detection result from the pressure gauge 36, the control device determines that the transmembrane pressure difference of the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 has become zero.
- the controller once opens and then closes the vent valve 62 in time with the start of the filtration stop operation of each intermittent filtration cycle.
- part of the treated water T accumulated between the gas vent valve 62 and the ejector 60 in the fourth pipe 58 is supplied to the gas retention chamber 52 in synchronization with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each intermittent filtration cycle. be done.
- the negative pressure on the secondary side of the multiple membrane cartridges 18 is relieved, and the transmembrane differential pressures of the multiple membrane cartridges 18 are balanced.
- each intermittent filtration cycle is performed while maintaining a state in which the treated water continuously exists in the treated water piping system 28 (a state in which a siphon is formed).
- the transmembrane pressures of the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 can be balanced in a short period of time.
- the flux permeation flux
- the productivity production efficiency
- control device once opens the gas vent valve 62 at the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each intermittent filtration cycle so that an airlock does not occur in the treated water piping system. close up. Thereby, the filtration operation of each intermittent filtration cycle can be stably performed.
- the productivity of the treated water T by the wastewater treatment system 10 is improved, the membrane cleaning effect by relaxation is sufficiently exhibited, and the filtration operation of each intermittent filtration cycle is performed. can be stably performed.
- FIG. 3 is a time chart diagram showing the relationship between the aeration operation, the filtration operation, the filtration stop operation, and the opening/closing operation of the atmospheric release valve.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment system for carrying out the wastewater treatment method according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 4 For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as the members explained in the embodiments of the present invention are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the explanation thereof will not be repeated.
- a wastewater treatment system 10A for implementing the wastewater treatment method according to the second embodiment generates treated water T by solid-liquid separation of wastewater E using a membrane separation activated sludge method (MBR). It is a system that The wastewater treatment system 10A has a configuration similar to that of the wastewater treatment system 10, and only the differences from the wastewater treatment system 10 in the configuration of the wastewater treatment system 10A will be described.
- MLR membrane separation activated sludge method
- an eighth pipe 76 is connected to the gas retention chamber 52, and the other end of the eighth pipe 76 is connected to an atmosphere release valve 78 for opening the gas retention chamber 52 to the atmosphere.
- the atmosphere release valve 78 is connected to the gas retention chamber 52 via the eighth pipe 76 .
- the atmosphere release valve 78 is opened, the gas retention chamber 52 is opened to the atmosphere and air (atmosphere) is supplied to the gas retention chamber 52 . That is, the atmosphere release valve 78 is a valve for opening the gas retention chamber 52 to the atmosphere and a valve for supplying air as a fluid to the gas retention chamber 52 .
- Wastewater treatment method As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the wastewater treatment method according to the second embodiment, a filtration operation and a filtration stop operation are performed while aerating a plurality of membrane cartridges 18 immersed in the wastewater E in the membrane separation tank 12. , and by repeating the cycle (intermittent filtration cycle), waste water E is solid-liquid separated to produce treated water T. Further, in the wastewater treatment method according to the second embodiment, the control device adjusts the start timing of the filtration stop operation of each intermittent filtration cycle so that an airlock (bubble) does not occur in the treated water piping system 28. , the atmospheric release valve 78 is once opened and then closed.
- control device once opens the air release valve 78 at the same time or immediately after the start of the filtration stop operation in each cycle, and then closes it after a predetermined time (for example, 1 second) has elapsed.
- a predetermined time for example, 1 second
- the degree of opening when opening the atmosphere release valve 78 does not need to be fully open, and may be a slight degree of opening as long as an appropriate amount of air can be supplied to the gas retention chamber 52 .
- control device may perform the following.
- the control device once opens the atmosphere release valve 78 at the same time or immediately after starting the filtration stop operation of each intermittent filtration cycle, and when the transmembrane pressure difference of the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 becomes zero, the atmosphere release valve 78 is opened. close.
- the control device once opens and then closes the atmosphere release valve 78 in time with the start of the filtration stop operation in each intermittent filtration cycle.
- air is supplied to the gas retention chamber 52 in synchronization with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each intermittent filtration cycle.
- the negative pressure on the secondary side of the multiple membrane cartridges 18 is relieved, and the transmembrane differential pressures of the multiple membrane cartridges 18 are balanced.
- each intermittent filtration cycle is performed while maintaining a state in which the treated water continuously exists in the treated water piping system 28 (a state in which a siphon is formed).
- the transmembrane pressures of the plurality of membrane cartridges 18 can be balanced in a short period of time.
- the flux can be increased to improve the productivity (production efficiency) of the treated water T by the wastewater treatment system 10A, and the membrane cleaning effect by relaxation can be sufficiently exhibited.
- control device once opens the atmosphere relief valve 78 at the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each intermittent filtration cycle so as not to cause an airlock in the treated water piping system. close up. Thereby, the filtration operation of each intermittent filtration cycle can be stably performed.
- the productivity of the treated water T by the wastewater treatment system 10A is improved, the membrane cleaning effect by relaxation is sufficiently exhibited, and the filtration operation of each intermittent filtration cycle is performed. can be stably performed.
- the secondary side (treated water side) of the membrane cartridge is aerated while the membrane cartridge immersed in the wastewater (water to be treated) in the membrane separation tank is aerated.
- Wastewater that generates treated water by solid-liquid separation of wastewater by repeating the cycle of a filtration operation for filtering wastewater by generating negative pressure and a filtration stop operation for stopping the filtration operation.
- a valve connected to a gas retention chamber for retaining the gas contained in the treated water and for supplying fluid to the gas retention chamber is used to match the timing of starting the filtration stop operation in each cycle. to open and then close the valve.
- the valve is once opened and then closed in synchronization with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each cycle.
- the fluid is supplied to the gas retention chamber in synchronization with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each cycle.
- the negative pressure on the secondary side of the membrane cartridge is relieved in a short time, and the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane cartridge is balanced.
- a state in which treated water continuously exists in the treated water pipe (a state in which a siphon is formed) without opening a part of the treated water piping system connecting the membrane separation tank and the treated water tank to the atmosphere.
- the transmembrane pressure of the membrane cartridge can be allowed to equilibrate after initiation of the filtration stop operation of each cycle. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently exhibit the membrane cleaning effect by relaxation while improving the productivity (production efficiency) of the treated water.
- the valve is a degassing valve disposed in the middle of a pipe connecting an ejector for generating negative pressure and the gas retention chamber. There may be.
- the degassing valve is once opened and then closed in synchronization with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each cycle.
- treated water is supplied to the gas retention chamber in synchronization with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each cycle.
- the valve may be an atmosphere opening valve for opening the gas retention chamber to the atmosphere.
- the atmospheric release valve is once opened and then closed in synchronization with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each cycle.
- air is supplied to the gas retention chamber in synchronization with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each cycle.
- Aspect 4 of the present invention is a wastewater treatment method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, wherein airlocks (bubbles) are present in a treated water piping system connecting the membrane separation tank and a treated water tank storing treated water. To prevent this from occurring, the valve may be opened once and then closed in time with the start of the filtration stop operation in each cycle.
- the valve is once opened and then closed in accordance with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each cycle so that an airlock does not occur in the treated water piping system.
- the filtering operation in each cycle can be stably performed.
- Aspect 5 of the present invention is a wastewater treatment method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, wherein the valve is once opened at the same time as or immediately after the filtration stop operation in each cycle is started, and the inter-membrane difference of the membrane cartridge is reduced.
- the valve may be closed when the pressure is zero.
- the valve is once opened at the same time or immediately after the start of the filtration stop operation in each cycle, and is closed when the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane cartridge becomes zero.
- the fluid is supplied to the gas retention chamber in time with the start timing of the filtration stop operation in each cycle, and the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane cartridge can be balanced.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の実施形態について図2及び3を参照して説明する。図2は、実施形態1に係る廃水処理方法を実施するための廃水処理システムの模式図である。図3は、曝気動作、濾過動作、および濾過停止動作と、ガス抜きバルブの開閉動作との関係を示すタイムチャート図である。
図2に示すように、実施形態1に係る廃水処理方法を実施するための廃水処理システム10は、膜分離活性汚泥法(MBR)を用いて廃水(被処理水)Eを固液分離して処理水(濾液)Tを生成するシステムである。廃水処理システム10は、廃水Eを貯留する膜分離槽12を備えている。膜分離槽12の適宜位置には、膜分離槽12内の廃水Eの水位を検出する水位計14が設けられている。
図2及び3に示すように、実施形態1に係る廃水処理方法は、膜分離槽12内の廃水Eに浸漬された複数の膜カートリッジ18に対して曝気を行いながら、濾過動作と濾過停止動作とを1サイクルとして、そのサイクル(間欠濾過サイクル)を繰り返すことにより、廃水Eを固液分離して処理水Tを生成する方法である。ここで、濾過動作とは、複数の膜カートリッジ18の二次側に負圧を発生させて廃水Eの濾過を行う動作のことをいい、重力濾過動作と吸引濾過動作を含む意である。濾過停止動作とは、濾過動作を停止する動作のことをいう。
前述のように、前記制御装置は、各間欠濾過サイクルの濾過停止動作の開始のタイミングに合わせて、ガス抜きバルブ62を一旦開いてから閉じる。これにより、各間欠濾過サイクルの濾過停止動作の開始のタイミングに合わせて、第4配管58におけるガス抜きバルブ62とエジェクタ60との間に溜まった処理水Tの一部がガス滞留室52に供給される。すると、複数の膜カートリッジ18の二次側の負圧が緩和されて、複数の膜カートリッジ18の膜間差圧が均衡状態になる。つまり、処理水配管系28の一部を大気開放することなく、処理水配管系28において処理水が連続的に存在する状態(サイフォンが形成された状態)を維持したまま、各間欠濾過サイクルの濾過停止動作の開始後に、複数の膜カートリッジ18の膜間差圧を短時間で均衡状態にすることができる。これにより、フラックス(透過流束)を高くして、廃水処理システム10による処理水Tの生産性(生産効率)の向上を図りながら、リラクセーションによる膜洗浄効果を十分に発揮させることができる。
以下、本発明の実施形態2について図3及び4を参照して説明する。図3は、曝気動作と濾過動作と濾過停止動作と大気開放バルブの開閉動作との関係を示すタイムチャート図である。図4は、実施形態2に係る廃水処理方法を実施するための廃水処理システムの模式図である。なお、説明の便宜上、本発明の実施形態にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を繰り返さない。
図4に示すように、実施形態2に係る廃水処理方法を実施するための廃水処理システム10Aは、膜分離活性汚泥法(MBR)を用いて廃水Eを固液分離して処理水Tを生成するシステムである。廃水処理システム10Aは、廃水処理システム10と同様の構成を有しており、廃水処理システム10Aの構成のうち、廃水処理システム10と異なる点についてのみ説明する。
図3及び4に示すように、実施形態2に係る廃水処理方法は、膜分離槽12内の廃水Eに浸漬された複数の膜カートリッジ18に対して曝気を行いながら、濾過動作と濾過停止動作とを1サイクルとして、そのサイクル(間欠濾過サイクル)を繰り返すことにより、廃水Eを固液分離して処理水Tを生成する方法である。そして、実施形態2に係る廃水処理方法においては、前記制御装置は、処理水配管系28にエアロック(気泡)が生じないように、各間欠濾過サイクルの濾過停止動作の開始のタイミングに合わせて、大気開放バルブ78を一旦開いてから閉じる。
前述のように、前記制御装置は、各間欠濾過サイクルの濾過停止動作の開始のタイミングに合わせて、大気開放バルブ78を一旦開いてから閉じる。これにより、各間欠濾過サイクルの濾過停止動作の開始のタイミングに合わせて、空気がガス滞留室52に供給される。すると、複数の膜カートリッジ18の二次側の負圧が緩和されて、複数の膜カートリッジ18の膜間差圧が均衡状態になる。つまり、処理水配管系28の一部を大気開放することなく、処理水配管系28において処理水が連続的に存在する状態(サイフォンが形成された状態)を維持したまま、各間欠濾過サイクルの濾過停止動作の開始後に、複数の膜カートリッジ18の膜間差圧を短時間で均衡状態にすることができる。これにより、フラックスを高くして、廃水処理システム10Aによる処理水Tの生産性(生産効率)の向上を図りながら、リラクセーションによる膜洗浄効果を十分に発揮させることができる。
本発明の態様1に係る廃水処理方法は、膜分離槽内の廃水(被処理水)に浸漬された膜カートリッジに対して曝気を行いながら、前記膜カートリッジの二次側(処理水側)に負圧を発生させて廃水の濾過を行う濾過動作と、該濾過動作を停止する濾過停止動作とを1サイクルとして、そのサイクルを繰り返すことにより、廃水を固液分離して処理水を生成する廃水処理方法であって、処理水に含まれるガスを滞留させるガス滞留室に接続されかつ前記ガス滞留室に流体を供給するためのバルブを用い、各サイクルの前記濾過停止動作の開始のタイミングに合わせて、前記バルブを一旦開いてから閉じる。
本発明は上述した各実施形態に限定されるものではなく、請求項に示した範囲で種々の変更が可能であり、異なる実施形態にそれぞれ開示された技術的手段を適宜組み合わせて得られる実施形態についても本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
12 膜分離槽
14 水位計
16 膜モジュール
18 膜カートリッジ
20 濾板
22 膜シート
24 曝気装置
26 処理水槽
28 処理水配管系
30 第1配管
32 ヘッダ管
34 第2配管
36 圧力計
38 流量計
40 調整バルブ
42 閉止バルブ
44 第3配管
46 吸引バルブ
48 吸引ポンプ
50 閉止バルブ
52 ガス滞留室
54 水位計
56 ガス抜き配管系
58 第4配管
60 エジェクタ
62 ガス抜きバルブ
64 第5配管
66 逆止弁
68 エジェクタポンプ
70 第6配管
72 ホッパ
74 第7配管
10A 廃水処理システム
76 第8配管
78 大気開放バルブ
E 廃水(被処理水)
T 処理水(濾液)
Claims (5)
- 膜分離槽内の廃水に浸漬された膜カートリッジに対して曝気を行いながら、前記膜カートリッジの二次側に負圧を発生させて廃水の濾過を行う濾過動作と、該濾過動作を停止する濾過停止動作とを1サイクルとして、そのサイクルを繰り返すことにより、廃水を固液分離して処理水を生成する廃水処理方法であって、
処理水に含まれるガスを滞留させるガス滞留室に接続されかつ前記ガス滞留室に流体を供給するためのバルブを用い、各サイクルの前記濾過停止動作の開始のタイミングに合わせて、前記バルブを一旦開いてから閉じることを特徴とする廃水処理方法。 - 前記バルブは、負圧を発生させるエジェクタと前記ガス滞留室とを接続する配管の途中に配設されたガス抜きバルブであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の廃水処理方法。
- 前記バルブは、前記ガス滞留室を大気開放するための大気開放バルブであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の廃水処理方法。
- 前記膜分離槽と、処理水を貯留する処理水槽とを接続する処理水配管系にエアロックが生じないように、各サイクルの前記濾過停止動作の開始のタイミングに合わせて、前記バルブを一旦開いてから閉じることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の廃水処理方法。
- 各サイクルの前記濾過停止動作の開始と同時又はその直後に前記バルブを一旦開き、前記膜カートリッジの膜間差圧がゼロになったときに前記バルブを閉じることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の廃水処理方法。
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