WO2023026931A1 - マンガンの除去方法および酸化鉄の製造方法 - Google Patents
マンガンの除去方法および酸化鉄の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023026931A1 WO2023026931A1 PCT/JP2022/031111 JP2022031111W WO2023026931A1 WO 2023026931 A1 WO2023026931 A1 WO 2023026931A1 JP 2022031111 W JP2022031111 W JP 2022031111W WO 2023026931 A1 WO2023026931 A1 WO 2023026931A1
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- manganese
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 87
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QOSATHPSBFQAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.OO QOSATHPSBFQAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 45
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021577 Iron(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
- C22B47/0018—Treating ocean floor nodules
- C22B47/0045—Treating ocean floor nodules by wet processes
- C22B47/0054—Treating ocean floor nodules by wet processes leaching processes
- C22B47/0063—Treating ocean floor nodules by wet processes leaching processes with acids or salt solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C02F1/62—Heavy metal compounds
- C02F1/64—Heavy metal compounds of iron or manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for removing manganese, and more particularly to a method for removing manganese ions contained in trace amounts in a solution containing trivalent iron ions.
- the iron oxide scale generated on the surface of the steel material during the hot working process (hot rolling, etc.) and the annealing process is washed with acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid to remove it.
- the waste acid after the pickling is recovered to remove impurities such as Si, and then the acid is roasted to volatilize, and the iron contained in the waste acid is recovered as iron oxide.
- the recovered iron oxide may be sold as a product (iron oxide product), for example, as a raw material for ferrite or pigment.
- high-tensile steel contains more Mn than ordinary steel, and as the production amount of high-tensile steel increases, the Mn concentration in the waste acid after the pickling process increases. As a result, the Mn concentration in the iron oxide recovered from the waste acid increases, leading to the quality deterioration of the aforementioned iron oxide product.
- Patent Document 1 a treatment solution containing trivalent iron ions is mixed with an object to be treated containing manganese and iron-reducing bacteria to reduce the trivalent iron ions to divalent iron ions, and then the divalent iron is treated as a reducing agent.
- a technique is disclosed in which manganese ions are leached into a liquid, and ozone is applied to the leached liquid containing manganese ions to oxidize and insolubilize manganese for recovery.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for obtaining high-purity manganese oxide by subjecting manganese contained in waste dry batteries to an acid leaching treatment and subjecting the leached solution to an ozone treatment.
- the process of mixing iron-reducing bacteria and reducing them to divalent iron is performed, so the cost is high and the processing load of the solution containing the iron-reducing bacteria is large.
- manganese-containing materials to be treated are ironworks by-products such as manganese-containing dust and manganese-containing sludge, and used batteries, and the manganese content concentration is 30% by mass or more.
- the object to be treated is a waste dry battery, and the manganese concentration is 30% by mass or more.
- the object to be treated in the present invention is, for example, waste acid generated by pickling in hot working processes, annealing processes, cold working processes, and the like.
- the waste acid is a solution containing a trace amount of manganese ions in a solution containing divalent iron ions (iron chloride solution).
- the mass ratio of divalent iron ions to manganese ions in the waste acid is about 98:2, or a solution containing manganese ions in a smaller amount than that. That is, the mass ratio of manganese ions to divalent iron ions in the waste acid (mass of manganese ions/mass of divalent iron ions) is 2/98 or less [(2/98) or less], more specifically Typically, the mass ratio is greater than 0 and 2/98 or less. Therefore, even if the conventional technology is used, the manganese ions contained in the waste acid in trace amounts cannot be precipitated and removed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method for removing manganese that can efficiently separate a trace amount of manganese ions contained in a solution containing a large amount of trivalent iron ions, for example, obtained from steel waste acid. intended to
- the present invention has the following configurations.
- a manganese removal method for removing manganese ions contained in a solution containing trivalent iron ions The mass ratio of manganese ions to trivalent iron ions in the solution (mass of manganese ions/mass of trivalent iron ions) is 2/98 or less, Adjusting the pH of the solution to 0 or more and 2.0 or less and the oxidation-reduction potential to 800 mV or more and 1200 mV or less using an alkaline solution and an oxidizing agent; A method for removing manganese, wherein the manganese ions contained in the solution are separated as a manganese-containing precipitate.
- [2] The method for removing manganese according to [1], wherein a strong oxidizing agent is used as the oxidizing agent.
- the strong oxidizing agent is one or more selected from ozone, hypochlorous acid, and aqueous hydrogen peroxide.
- a method for producing iron oxide comprising spray roasting the solution after removing manganese by the method for removing manganese according to any one of [1] to [4] above to produce iron oxide.
- the method for producing iron oxide according to [5] wherein the iron recovery rate from the solution containing trivalent iron ions is 20% or more.
- manganese ions contained in trace amounts in a trivalent iron ion solution obtained from steel waste acid can be efficiently separated.
- a trace amount of manganese (manganese ions) contained in a trivalent iron ion solution can be separated as a manganese-containing precipitate by a simple method. Also, iron can be recovered from the solution with a high yield. Further, from the solution, high-purity iron oxide with low manganese content (high-purity iron oxide product) can be produced.
- manganese-containing precipitates with a relatively high manganese concentration can be recovered, it is also possible to reuse the recovered manganese-containing precipitates as a manganese raw material.
- the inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies in order to search for new separation and recovery technologies that overcome the problems of the conventional technologies, with regard to the technology for separating and removing manganese from the iron chloride solution obtained from the waste acid of steel pickling. rice field.
- the solution containing trivalent iron ions which is the object of the present invention, is particularly obtained from waste acid after steel pickling (steel waste acid).
- the waste acid is a waste liquid from a pickling process using an acid solution containing hydrochloric acid as a main component.
- This waste acid contains silicon, phosphorus, manganese and calcium as impurities, and iron in the waste acid exists mainly as divalent iron ions.
- an increase in manganese concentration (manganese ion concentration) in waste acid has been a problem, but the concentration does not exceed 2% by mass. That is, the manganese ion concentration in the waste acid is 2% by mass or less.
- Divalent iron ions are contained in the waste acid after pickling the steel material. By oxidizing the divalent iron ions to trivalent iron ions, a solution containing trivalent iron ions, which is the object of the present invention, is obtained. Therefore, when using the waste acid after pickling the steel material, it is preferable to have a pretreatment step of oxidizing the iron ions contained in the waste acid. This pretreatment prevents divalent iron ions from being precipitated and removed in preference to manganese ions, and enables stable removal of low-concentration manganese contained in the waste acid.
- the method of oxidizing iron ions from divalent to trivalent iron ions is not particularly limited.
- a solution containing trivalent iron ions (iron (III) chloride solution) can be obtained by re-dissolving it using By such pretreatment, the waste acid becomes a solution containing trivalent iron ions containing impurities.
- the solution containing trivalent iron ions thus obtained contains a trace amount of manganese ions. Specifically, the mass ratio of trivalent iron ions to manganese ions in the solution containing trivalent iron ions thus obtained is about 98:2. Alternatively, a solution containing only a smaller amount of manganese ions.
- the mass ratio of manganese ions to trivalent iron ions in the solution is 2/98 or less [(2/98) or less], more specifically In, the mass ratio is greater than 0 and 2/98 or less.
- the preferred range for precipitating and removing only manganese ions is a pH of 0 or more and 2.0 or less and an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP value, based on Ag/AgCl) of 800 mV. It was more than 1200mV or less.
- pH is set to 0 or more and 2.0 or less.
- the pH is preferably 0.1 or higher. Further, the more basic the pH, the easier it is for iron ions to form a precipitate, so the pH is preferably 1.5 or less, more preferably 1.0 or less.
- the oxidation-reduction potential is set to 800 mV or more and 1200 mV or less.
- the manganese removal method of the present invention includes a neutralization step of neutralizing a solution containing trivalent iron ions with an alkaline solution, and a potential adjustment step of adjusting potential with an oxidizing agent.
- a solution containing trivalent iron ions needs to be neutralized to an optimum pH range of 0 or more and 2.0 or less.
- the alkaline solution used for neutralization an alkaline solution in which 5 at % or more and 50 at % or less of a basic substance is dissolved as a solute is suitable.
- an acid solution such as hydrochloric acid may be used to further adjust the neutralization reaction in order to keep the neutralization within the optimum pH range.
- the strong base substance at this time include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
- the suitable concentration of the alkaline solution is 5 at % or more and 50 at % or less. If the concentration of the alkaline solution is less than 5 at % or exceeds 50 at %, the amount of the alkaline solution used for pH adjustment becomes enormous, or the acid solution is required to keep the neutralization with the alkaline solution within the optimum pH range. This is because the pH adjustment becomes complicated because fine adjustment is required.
- the addition rate of the alkaline solution is preferably 5 vol%/min or less, more preferably 2.5 vol%/min or less, and 1 vol%/min or less with respect to the initial volume of the solution containing trivalent iron ions. More preferred.
- the addition rate of the alkaline solution is not particularly limited, from the viewpoint of treatment efficiency, the addition rate of the alkaline solution is 0.05 vol%/min with respect to the initial volume of the solution containing the trivalent iron ions. The above is preferable.
- a solution containing trivalent iron ions is adjusted in potential with an oxidizing agent to precipitate manganese ions.
- a strong oxidizing agent is preferably used for potential adjustment.
- ozone generated using an ozone generator (ED-OG-RC12GC) manufactured by Ecodesign Co., Ltd. is converted into a gas with a concentration of more than 0 g/ m3 and 400 g/ m3 or less in the liquid.
- ED-OG-RC12GC ozone generator
- There is a method of blowing into By adjusting the ozone concentration, the ozone blowing amount and the blowing time, the potential can be adjusted to the optimum range.
- the iron recovery rate from the solution is preferably at a level of 20% or more. More specifically, it is a preferable level to recover 20% by mass or more of the mass of iron (iron ions) contained in the solution containing trivalent iron ions as iron oxide.
- the solid-liquid separation method is not particularly limited, and for example, a known solid-liquid separation method may be employed.
- high-purity iron oxide means one with a manganese concentration of less than 2500 ppm by mass. More preferably, the content concentration of manganese in the high-purity iron oxide (high-purity iron oxide product) is 2000 ppm by mass or less. Moreover, the lower limit of the content concentration of manganese is not particularly limited, and may be 0 mass ppm. In order to remove manganese while maintaining the yield of iron, the content concentration of manganese is practically 100 ppm by mass or more, more preferably 500 ppm by mass or more.
- the manganese-containing precipitate separated as described above has a high manganese concentration, it is possible to reuse the collected manganese-containing precipitate as a manganese raw material.
- Waste acid was collected from the waste acid tank of the steel material pickling line.
- This waste acid was an iron (II) chloride solution with a Mn (Mn 2+ ) concentration of 695 mass ppm and an Fe (Fe 2+ ) concentration of 14 mass %.
- the iron oxide obtained by the spray roasting treatment of the iron (II) chloride solution is redissolved using hexane and hydrochloric acid to obtain a solution containing trivalent iron ions (iron (III) chloride solution).
- the Mn (Mn 2+ ) concentration of this solution containing trivalent iron ions was 680 mass ppm, and the Fe (Fe 3+ ) concentration was 14 mass %.
- Test Examples 3 to 16 an aqueous ammonia (NH 3 ) solution was used as the alkaline solution in the neutralization treatment, and in Test Example 17, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was used as the alkaline solution in the neutralization treatment.
- the pH was adjusted using 10 to 290 ml of a 28 at% NH 3 aqueous solution, and in Test Example 17, the pH was adjusted using 189 ml of a 48 at% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (neutralization process).
- ozone generated using an ozone generator (ED-OG-RC12GC) manufactured by Ecodesign Co., Ltd. was used at 1 L/min. It was blown into each of the solutions of Test Examples 3 to 9 and 13 to 17 after summing. Further, the solutions of Test Examples 10 to 12 after the neutralization treatment were subjected to potential adjustment using 100 to 200 ml of hypochlorous acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 10% by mass.
- Table 1 shows the treatment status of the waste acid, and the Mn 2+ concentration, Mn removal rate, Fe recovery is shown.
- the Mn removal rate and Fe recovery rate are respectively the Mn removal rate and the Fe recovery rate from the solution containing Fe 3+
- Test Examples 13 and 14 They are respectively the removal rate of Mn from steel waste acid (iron (II) chloride solution) and the recovery rate of Fe.
- Table 1 shows the concentration of Mn contained in the iron oxide (iron oxide product) produced by spray-roasting the solution after the treatment to volatilize the hydrochloric acid.
- the Mn concentration contained in the iron oxide (iron oxide product) produced by the conventional method is described.
- Test example 1 This example is a conventional example. Iron and steel waste acid (iron (II) chloride solution) was directly spray roasted to volatilize hydrochloric acid without pretreatment, neutralization treatment, or potential adjustment. The Mn concentration in the iron oxide product thus obtained was 3397 mass ppm.
- the manganese separability judgment is ⁇
- the final judgment ⁇ (pass) the manganese separability judgment is ⁇
- the Fe recovery rate is ⁇
- the final judgment ⁇ (pass, better) manganese Separability of ⁇ was the final judgment ⁇ (failed).
- This example is a comparative example. Although the pH was less than 0 and the redox potential was adjusted to a suitable range, neither manganese ions nor iron ions were sufficiently precipitated. Therefore, the Mn concentrations in the iron oxide products produced by solid-liquid separation and spray roasting of the solution after potential adjustment were 2980 mass ppm and 2600 mass ppm, respectively, and manganese could not be sufficiently removed and was rejected.
- This example is an example of the present invention.
- the Mn concentration in the iron oxide products produced by solid-liquid separation and spray roasting of the solution after potential adjustment was improved to less than 2000 ppm by mass, and manganese was sufficiently removed and passed the test.
- This example is a comparative example.
- the pH exceeds 2.0, iron ions preferentially precipitate even after potential adjustment, and the Mn concentration in the iron oxide product produced by solid-liquid separation and spray roasting of the solution after potential adjustment is All exceeded 3000 ppm by mass, and no improvement from the conventional example was observed.
- This example is an example using hypochlorous acid as an oxidizing agent instead of ozone. As long as the pH and oxidation-reduction potential were within the ranges of the present invention, even with an oxidizing agent other than ozone, manganese could be removed to such an extent that an acceptable level of high-purity iron oxide could be obtained.
- Test Examples 13 and 14 iron and steel waste acid is not subjected to pretreatment (treatment to oxidize divalent iron ions to trivalent iron ions), and neutralization treatment and potential It is an adjusted comparative example.
- This example is an example in which the addition rate of the alkaline solution (aqueous ammonia solution) is increased in the neutralization treatment step.
- the addition rate of the alkaline solution exceeded 5 vol%/min relative to the initial volume of the solution containing Fe 3+ to be neutralized, resulting in a local pH increase in the solution.
- manganese ions were sufficiently separated and removed.
- Test Example 17 This example uses a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution instead of an ammonia aqueous solution as an alkaline solution for neutralization. From this example, it can be seen that not only a weakly basic substance but also a strong basic substance is used as the solute of the alkaline solution to be subjected to the neutralization treatment. It was confirmed that iron oxide can be obtained.
- NaOH sodium hydroxide
- manganese can be efficiently removed from a solution containing trivalent iron ions containing a trace amount of manganese by adjusting the pH to 0 or more and 2.0 or less and the potential to 800 mV or more and 1200 mV or less. It could be confirmed.
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Abstract
Description
[1]三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液に含まれるマンガンイオンを除去するマンガンの除去方法であって、
前記溶液中の三価の鉄イオンに対するマンガンイオンの質量比率(マンガンイオンの質量/三価の鉄イオンの質量)が、2/98以下であり、
アルカリ溶液と酸化剤を使用して前記溶液のpHを0以上2.0以下、かつ、酸化還元電位を800mV以上1200mV以下に調整し、
前記溶液中に含まれる前記マンガンイオンをマンガン含有沈殿物として分離する、マンガンの除去方法。
[2]前記酸化剤として、強酸化剤を用いる、[1]に記載のマンガンの除去方法。
[3]前記強酸化剤が、オゾン、次亜塩素酸、過酸化水素水のなかから選ばれる1種以上である、[2]に記載のマンガンの除去方法。
[4]前記アルカリ溶液の溶質が、アルカリ金属の水酸化物、アンモニアのなかから選ばれる1種以上である、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のマンガンの除去方法。
[5]前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載のマンガンの除去方法によりマンガンを除去した後の溶液を、噴霧焙焼して酸化鉄を製造する、酸化鉄の製造方法。
[6]三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液からの鉄回収率が20%以上である、[5]に記載の酸化鉄の製造方法。
本発明で対象とする三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液は、特に、鋼材酸洗後の廃酸(鉄鋼廃酸)から得られるものである。前記廃酸は、主に塩酸を主成分とする酸液を用いた酸洗処理の廃液である。この廃酸は、不純物としてシリコン、リン、マンガン、カルシウムを含み、廃酸中の鉄は主に二価の鉄イオンとして存在する。近年、廃酸中のマンガン濃度(マンガンイオン濃度)の上昇が課題であるが、その濃度は2質量%を超えない。すなわち、廃酸中のマンガンイオン濃度は、2質量%以下である。ここで、廃酸から高純度の酸化鉄を製造する上では、マンガンイオン以外の不純物は、中和処理などの共沈技術により比較的容易に分離可能である。しかしながら、マンガンイオンを他の不純物と同じように分離しようとすると、鉄イオンも併せて共沈してしまうために、鉄を十分に回収できない。そのため、この廃酸からマンガンイオンのみを効率良く除去する技術が必要である。
前記鋼材酸洗後の廃酸中には二価の鉄イオンが含まれる。この二価の鉄イオンを三価の鉄イオンに酸化することで、本発明で対象とする三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液が得られる。そのため、鋼材酸洗後の廃酸を用いる場合には、前記廃酸中に含まれる鉄イオンを酸化する前処理工程を有することが好ましい。この前処理により、二価の鉄イオンがマンガンイオンより優先して沈殿除去されてしまうことを防ぎ、廃酸中に低濃度で含有されるマンガンを安定して除去することが可能になる。
上述のように、鉄鋼廃酸中に微量に含まれるマンガンイオンを、他の不純物と同様に単に中和処理して除去しようとすると、鉄イオンが共沈してしまい、鉄を十分に回収できない。そこで、本発明者らが検討した結果、鉄イオンを溶液中に残留させ、溶液中に微量に含まれるマンガンイオンのみを沈殿し除去するためには、三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液において、pHおよび電位共に最適な範囲に調整する必要があることが判明した。
三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液は、中和処理により、溶液のpHを0以上2.0以下の最適範囲にする必要がある。中和に用いるアルカリ溶液としては、塩基性物質を、溶質として5at%以上50at%以下溶解させたアルカリ溶液が適している。
中和処理では、三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液にアルカリ溶液を添加することが好ましい。その際、アルカリ溶液の添加速度が速すぎると、アルカリ溶液の添加時に、前記三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液中に局所的なpH上昇が発生しやすくなり、鉄イオンが沈殿物を形成しやすくなる。そのため、アルカリ溶液の添加速度は、前記三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液の初期容量に対して、5vol%/min以下が好ましく、2.5vol%/min以下がより好ましく、1vol%/min以下がさらに好ましい。なお、アルカリ溶液の添加速度の下限は特に限定されないが、処理効率の点からは、アルカリ溶液の添加速度は、前記三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液の初期容量に対して0.05vol%/min以上が好ましい。
次に、中和処理によりpHを最適範囲に調整した三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液を、酸化剤によって電位調整し、マンガンイオンを沈殿させる。電位調整には、強酸化剤を用いることが好ましい。また、強酸化剤としては、オゾン、次亜塩素酸、過酸化水素水のなかから選ばれる1種以上を用いることが好ましい。例えば、オゾンを使用する場合であれば、エコデザイン社のオゾン発生装置(ED-OG-RC12GC)を用いて発生させたオゾンを濃度0g/m3超400g/m3以下の気体にして液中に吹き込む手法が挙げられる。オゾン濃度、オゾンの吹き込み量や吹き込み時間を調整することにより、最適電位範囲に調整できる。
上記中和処理と電位調整により三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液中のマンガン(マンガンイオン)はマンガン含有沈殿物として沈殿する。また、同時に、三価の鉄イオンもある程度沈殿物に混入することが避けられない。しかし、本発明を用いれば、三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液中に存在した三価の鉄イオンのうち、沈殿物に混入する鉄イオン濃度を80質量%未満に抑えることができる。三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液中に存在した三価の鉄イオンのうち80質量%以上が沈殿物に混入する場合、マンガンイオンが残液中に残留する可能性がある。すなわち、三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液を、高純度の酸化鉄の製造に供するにあたっては、前記溶液からの鉄回収率は20%以上が好ましい水準である。より具体的には、三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液中に含まれる鉄(鉄イオン)の質量の20質量%以上を酸化鉄として回収することが好ましい水準である。
さらに、表1に、前記処理後の溶液を噴霧焙焼して塩酸を揮発させて製造した酸化鉄(酸化鉄製品)中に含まれるMn濃度を記載した。試験例1については、従来の方法により製造した酸化鉄(酸化鉄製品)中に含まれるMn濃度を記載した。
本例は従来例である。前処理および中和処理、電位調整を行わずに、鉄鋼廃酸(塩化鉄(II)溶液)を直接噴霧焙焼して塩酸を揮発させた。これにより得られた酸化鉄製品中のMn濃度は3397質量ppmであった。
マンガンの分離性を判定するにあたっては、酸化鉄製品中のMn濃度が2500質量ppm未満を〇(マンガン除去に成功。従来例よりもマンガン濃度が十分に低減された高純度の酸化鉄が得られた)とし、酸化鉄製品中のMn濃度が2500質量ppm未満まで低減できなかった場合を×(マンガン除去不十分)と判定した。
Fe回収率については、Fe回収率20%以上を〇(高い歩留でFeを回収できた)とし、Fe回収率20%未満を×と判定した。
そして、マンガンの分離性の判定が〇を、最終判定〇(合格)、マンガンの分離性の判定が○で、さらに、Fe回収率が〇を、最終判定◎(合格、より優れる)とし、マンガンの分離性が×を、最終判定×(不合格)とした。
本例は比較例である。pHが0未満であり、酸化還元電位は好適範囲に調整したにも関わらず、マンガンイオンも鉄イオンも十分に沈殿しなかった。そのため、電位調整後の溶液を固液分離し噴霧焙焼して製造した酸化鉄製品中のMn濃度はそれぞれ2980質量ppm、2600質量ppmとなり、マンガンを十分に除去できず不合格であった。
本例は本発明例である。pHが0以上2.0以下であり、電位調整により、マンガンイオンが沈殿し、三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液からマンガンイオンを効率よく分離できた例である。これにより、電位調整後の溶液を固液分離し噴霧焙焼して製造した酸化鉄製品中のMn濃度はいずれも2000質量ppm未満と改善し、十分にマンガンが除去でき合格となった。
本例は比較例である。pHが2.0を超えており、電位調整を行っても鉄イオンが優先的に沈殿し、電位調整後の溶液を固液分離し噴霧焙焼して製造した酸化鉄製品中のMn濃度はいずれも3000質量ppmを超え、従来例からの改善はみられなかった。
本例はオゾンに代わり、酸化剤として次亜塩素酸を使用した実施例である。pH、酸化還元電位が本発明の範囲内にあれば、オゾン以外の酸化剤でも合格レベルの高純度の酸化鉄を得られる程度にマンガンを除去できた。
本例は、pHを好適範囲内に調整したが、次亜塩素酸の使用量が不適切であり電位が好適範囲外であった。そのため、マンガンを十分に除去できなかった。
本例は、鉄鋼廃酸に前処理(二価の鉄イオンを三価の鉄イオンに酸化する処理)を施さず、Feが二価の状態で存在している溶液に、中和処理と電位調整を行った比較例である。本例では、本発明例である試験例4、5と同様の中和処理と電位調整(オゾン吹込み)を行ったが、オゾンが二価のFeイオンを酸化するために消費された結果、溶液中のマンガンイオンを分離、除去できなかった。
本例は、中和処理工程においてアルカリ溶液(アンモニア水溶液)の添加速度を上昇させた例である。アルカリ溶液の添加速度が、中和するFe3+を含む溶液の初期容量に対して5vol%/minを超えており、溶液中で局所的なpH上昇が生じた。これにより、マンガンイオンを十分に分離、除去できたが、Feイオンがより沈殿しやすい箇所が生じたため、Fe回収率が20%を下回った。
本例は、中和処理に供するアルカリ溶液として、アンモニア水溶液に代わり水酸化ナトリウム(NaOH)水溶液を用いた例である。この例から、中和処理に供するアルカリ溶液の溶質として、弱塩基性物質に限らず、強塩基物質を用いた場合でも、pHを好適条件にすることによってマンガンを十分に除去でき、高純度の酸化鉄を得られることを確認した。
Claims (6)
- 三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液に含まれるマンガンイオンを除去するマンガンの除去方法であって、
前記溶液中の三価の鉄イオンに対するマンガンイオンの質量比率(マンガンイオンの質量/三価の鉄イオンの質量)が、2/98以下であり、
アルカリ溶液と酸化剤を使用して前記溶液のpHを0以上2.0以下、かつ、酸化還元電位を800mV以上1200mV以下に調整し、
前記溶液中に含まれる前記マンガンイオンをマンガン含有沈殿物として分離する、マンガンの除去方法。 - 前記酸化剤として、強酸化剤を用いる、請求項1に記載のマンガンの除去方法。
- 前記強酸化剤が、オゾン、次亜塩素酸、過酸化水素水のなかから選ばれる1種以上である、請求項2に記載のマンガンの除去方法。
- 前記アルカリ溶液の溶質が、アルカリ金属の水酸化物、アンモニアのなかから選ばれる1種以上である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のマンガンの除去方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のマンガンの除去方法によりマンガンを除去した後の溶液を、噴霧焙焼して酸化鉄を製造する、酸化鉄の製造方法。
- 三価の鉄イオンを含む溶液からの鉄回収率が20%以上である、請求項5に記載の酸化鉄の製造方法。
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