WO2023020460A1 - 一种负极复合材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种负极复合材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023020460A1 WO2023020460A1 PCT/CN2022/112679 CN2022112679W WO2023020460A1 WO 2023020460 A1 WO2023020460 A1 WO 2023020460A1 CN 2022112679 W CN2022112679 W CN 2022112679W WO 2023020460 A1 WO2023020460 A1 WO 2023020460A1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YQMWDQQWGKVOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinitrooxystannyl nitrate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YQMWDQQWGKVOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxalate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AICMYQIGFPHNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J methanesulfonate;tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O AICMYQIGFPHNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BJDDAXVXMQYXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-J tris(ethylsulfonyloxy)stannyl ethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Sn+4].CCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCS([O-])(=O)=O BJDDAXVXMQYXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NGCDGPPKVSZGRR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 1,4,6,9-tetraoxa-5-stannaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,3,7,8-tetrone Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O NGCDGPPKVSZGRR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- OQBLGYCUQGDOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxastannolane-4,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1O[Sn]OC1=O OQBLGYCUQGDOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn] GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-AKLPVKDBSA-N carbane Chemical compound [15CH4] VNWKTOKETHGBQD-AKLPVKDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
- C01B33/021—Preparation
- C01B33/027—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material
- C01B33/029—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material by decomposition of monosilane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/387—Tin or alloys based on tin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 一种负极复合材料的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)将第一碳源和第一分散剂混合溶解,通过喷雾干燥处理,制得碳球;(2)将锡源、锌源和溶剂混合,通过一次液相包覆处理,将锡源和锌源包覆到到碳球上,经氧化烧结处理得到空心球形的氧化锡/氧化锌复合材料;(3)将第二碳源和第二分散剂混合溶解,通过二次液相包覆处理,在氧化锡/氧化锌复合材料的表面形成碳层,经还原烧结处理得到前驱体材料;(4)通入硅源,将硅沉积在步骤(3)得到前驱体的内部,得到所述负极复合材料。
- 如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(1)所述第一碳源包括葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、果糖或柠檬酸中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,所述第一分散剂包括聚乙烯吡罗烷酮、聚醚P123或聚醚F127中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,所述第一分散剂的摩尔量为所述第一碳源的摩尔量为2~4%。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其中,所述混合溶解后第一碳源的固含量为30~50%。
- 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述碳球的中值粒径为4~6μm。
- 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(2)所述锡源包括草酸亚锡、硝酸锡、甲烷磺酸锡或乙烷磺酸锡中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,所述锌源包括硝酸锌、碳酸锌或草酸锌中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,所述锌源和锡源的摩尔比为(0.8~1.2):(0.8~1.2),所述锌源和锡源的总摩尔量为所述碳球摩尔量的15~25%。
- 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(2)所述氧化烧结 的气氛为氧气气氛,所述氧化烧结的温度为360~380℃,所述氧化烧结的时间为3~5h。
- 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述氧化锡/氧化锌复合材料的厚度为1.5~2.5μm。
- 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(3)所述第二碳源包括葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、果糖或柠檬酸中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,所述第二分散剂包括聚乙烯吡罗烷酮、聚醚P123或聚醚F127中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
- 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述碳层的厚度为1.5~2.5μm。
- 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(3)所述还原烧结的气氛为还原气氛,所述还原气氛的气体包括氢气,优选地,所述还原气氛的气体还包括惰性气体,所述还原烧结的温度为640~660℃,所述还原烧结的时间为3~5h。
- 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(4)所述硅源包括硅烷,所述通入硅源的速度为3~5ml/s,所述通入硅源的温度为800~850℃,所述通入硅源的时间为15~25h。
- 一种负极复合材料,所述负极复合材料通过如权利要求1-11任一项所述方法制得。
- 如权利要求12所述的负极复合材料,其中,所述负极复合材料包括具有中空结构的锡/锌复合材料、包覆在所述锡/锌复合材料表面的碳壳及在锡/锌复合材料上充分生长但又不完全填满整个锡/锌复合材料的硅。
- 一种负极极片,所述负极极片包含如权利要求13所述的负极复合材料。
- 一种锂离子电池,所述锂离子电池包含如权利要求14所述的负极极片。
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