WO2022254750A1 - ゴム組成物及びタイヤ - Google Patents
ゴム組成物及びタイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022254750A1 WO2022254750A1 PCT/JP2021/044164 JP2021044164W WO2022254750A1 WO 2022254750 A1 WO2022254750 A1 WO 2022254750A1 JP 2021044164 W JP2021044164 W JP 2021044164W WO 2022254750 A1 WO2022254750 A1 WO 2022254750A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rubber composition
- mass
- rubber
- composition according
- tire
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- -1 cyclic polyol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 65
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 60
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 60
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 38
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-1-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(C)CC(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylguanidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=N)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hexene Natural products CCCC=CC RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)C GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxoglutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(=O)C(O)=O KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBOCQTNZUPTTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(hydrazinesulfonyl)phenoxy]benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)NN)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NN)C=C1 NBOCQTNZUPTTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006237 Intermediate SAF Substances 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005648 ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene-2 Natural products CCC=CC QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UMGLWJIVIBWZCW-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;benzenesulfinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]S(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UMGLWJIVIBWZCW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PAEMERHSTIDLSE-QMCAAQAGSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-hexadecoxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O PAEMERHSTIDLSE-QMCAAQAGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORUDEUCNYHCHPB-OUUBHVDSSA-N (2r,3s,4s,5r,6r)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-tetradecoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O ORUDEUCNYHCHPB-OUUBHVDSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-AATRIKPKSA-N (3e)-hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC\C=C\C=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYMQPNRUQXPLCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-piperidin-1-ylethyl)piperidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1CCN1CCCCC1 UYMQPNRUQXPLCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#C)C(OC)=C1 IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOMUPCAOADBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,2-n-dimethyl-1-n,2-n-dinitrosobenzene-1,2-dicarboxamide Chemical compound O=NN(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)N(C)N=O GOOMUPCAOADBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUHXTONDLXIGGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-bis(5-methylheptan-3-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCC(C)CC(CC)NC1=CC=C(NC(CC)CC(C)CC)C=C1 JUHXTONDLXIGGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJNLYGOUHDJHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-bis(5-methylhexan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(C)NC1=CC=C(NC(C)CCC(C)C)C=C1 ZJNLYGOUHDJHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APTGHASZJUAUCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-di(octan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)NC1=CC=C(NC(C)CCCCCC)C=C1 APTGHASZJUAUCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIMXDOGPMWDCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-dicyclohexylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC(C=C1)=CC=C1NC1CCCCC1 AIMXDOGPMWDCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VETPHHXZEJAYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-dinaphthalen-2-ylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(NC=3C=CC(NC=4C=C5C=CC=CC5=CC=4)=CC=3)=CC=C21 VETPHHXZEJAYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRMMVODKVLXCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n-cyclohexyl-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC(C=C1)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZRMMVODKVLXCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNRLMGFXSPUZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethyl-1h-quinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC(C)(C)NC2=C1 ZNRLMGFXSPUZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003660 2,3-dimethylpentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003764 2,4-dimethylpentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MNDZHERKKXUTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CS1 MNDZHERKKXUTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DVNPFNZTPMWRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-triethoxysilylethanethiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](CCS)(OCC)OCC DVNPFNZTPMWRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOSLJXKHQKRRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-trimethoxysilylethanethiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCS LOSLJXKHQKRRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPISLCVEROXXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yltetrasulfanyl)propyl-triethoxysilane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)=NC2=C1 QPISLCVEROXXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFGLXKZGFFRQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yltetrasulfanyl)propyl-trimethoxysilane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SSSSCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)=NC2=C1 HFGLXKZGFFRQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOOUJXUUGIUEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethoxymethylsilyl)propane-1-thiol Chemical compound COC(OC)[SiH2]CCCS LOOUJXUUGIUEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005917 3-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCS DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSFMFCWJHYPFPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylthiirane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOC(=O)C1(C)CS1 ZSFMFCWJHYPFPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKQWHIMDQYDQSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylthiirane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C1(C)CS1 AKQWHIMDQYDQSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDYXGQJZKXSHTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-hexyl-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=C(N)C=CC=1N(CCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 RDYXGQJZKXSHTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXPYQXDDKNDCMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-octyl-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=C(N)C=CC=1N(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXPYQXDDKNDCMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOSGXJWQVBHGLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1h-quinolin-2-one Chemical group N1C(=O)CCC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 HOSGXJWQVBHGLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004953 Aliphatic polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZSBKFEOSHGFEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=C2SC(SSSSCCC[SiH2]C(OC)OC)=NC2=C1 Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SSSSCCC[SiH2]C(OC)OC)=NC2=C1 ZSBKFEOSHGFEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSPIGXNLDXWYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCO[Si](CCC[S+]=C(N(C)C)SSSSC(N(C)C)=[S+]CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)(OCC)OCC Chemical compound CCO[Si](CCC[S+]=C(N(C)C)SSSSC(N(C)C)=[S+]CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)(OCC)OCC FSPIGXNLDXWYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXLPVOKGQWNWFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCO[Si](CC[S+]=C(N(C)C)SSSSC(N(C)C)=[S+]CC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)(OCC)OCC Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC[S+]=C(N(C)C)SSSSC(N(C)C)=[S+]CC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)(OCC)OCC SXLPVOKGQWNWFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZOXWBGGPBLVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C)C(SSSSC(N(C)C)=[S+]CCC[SiH2]C(OC)OC)=[S+]CCC[SiH2]C(OC)OC Chemical compound CN(C)C(SSSSC(N(C)C)=[S+]CCC[SiH2]C(OC)OC)=[S+]CCC[SiH2]C(OC)OC ZZOXWBGGPBLVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKFGZHGVWONCTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C)C(SSSSC(N(C)C)=[S+]CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)=[S+]CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC Chemical compound CN(C)C(SSSSC(N(C)C)=[S+]CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)=[S+]CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SKFGZHGVWONCTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical group OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019440 Mg(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UTGQNNCQYDRXCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound C=1C=C(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 UTGQNNCQYDRXCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUBMGJOQLXMSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 OUBMGJOQLXMSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003355 Novatec® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRFNYSYURHAPFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]urea Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NNC(N)=O)C=C1 VRFNYSYURHAPFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005370 alkoxysilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWXBTNAVRSUOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxyglutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CCC(O)=O HWXBTNAVRSUOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009533 alpha-ketoglutaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GSWGDDYIUCWADU-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Mg++].[Al+3] GSWGDDYIUCWADU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052849 andalusite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001680 bayerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical class NNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUBCNYWQJHBXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid;2-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O CUBCNYWQJHBXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMJGQTCMUZMLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-dien-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 IMJGQTCMUZMLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000171 calcio olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001598 chiastolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N cis-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C/C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JDRSMPFHFNXQRB-IBEHDNSVSA-N decyl glucoside Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JDRSMPFHFNXQRB-IBEHDNSVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dicalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;tricarbonate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910001648 diaspore Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WITDFSFZHZYQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-dibenzylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WITDFSFZHZYQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GSYVJAOBRKCNOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxymethyl-[3-[3-(diethoxymethylsilyl)propyltetrasulfanyl]propyl]silane Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)[SiH2]CCCSSSSCCC[SiH2]C(OCC)OCC GSYVJAOBRKCNOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKOUMIFWHSIIBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-dioctylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC HKOUMIFWHSIIBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052634 enstatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PYIDGJJWBIBVIA-UYTYNIKBSA-N lauryl glucoside Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O PYIDGJJWBIBVIA-UYTYNIKBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N lisinopril Chemical compound C([C@H](N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- VILGDADBAQFRJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SN(SC=3SC4=CC=CC=C4N=3)C(C)(C)C)=NC2=C1 VILGDADBAQFRJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- CLNYHERYALISIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nona-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCCCCC=CC=C CLNYHERYALISIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005678 polyethylene based resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005673 polypropylene based resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRLVQFQTCMUIRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;2-methylbutan-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].CCC(C)(C)[O-] ZRLVQFQTCMUIRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002683 reaction inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DUIOPKIIICUYRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N semicarbazide Chemical compound NNC(N)=O DUIOPKIIICUYRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CGRKYEALWSRNJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-methylbutan-2-olate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC(C)(C)[O-] CGRKYEALWSRNJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001570 sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011071 sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAZLUNIWYYOJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfenamide Chemical compound [Cl-].COC1=C(C)C=[N+]2C3=NC4=CC=C(OC)C=C4N3SCC2=C1C QAZLUNIWYYOJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006027 ternary co-polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005147 toluenesulfonyl group Chemical group C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)*)C 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ASAOXGWSIOQTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[2-(2-triethoxysilylethyltetrasulfanyl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCSSSSCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC ASAOXGWSIOQTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBBATURSCRIBHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyldisulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC FBBATURSCRIBHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLFNHRIZTXWZHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltrisulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC KLFNHRIZTXWZHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSXKIRYGYMKWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(2-trimethoxysilylethyltetrasulfanyl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCSSSSCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC JSXKIRYGYMKWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTTSZDBCLAKKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC JTTSZDBCLAKKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
- C08K5/1535—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
- C08K5/1545—Six-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to rubber compositions and tires.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a technique for providing a tire excellent in steering stability and wear resistance by using a specific tire vulcanization mold.
- Patent Document 1 is not sufficient in performance such as wear resistance and cut resistance under severe conditions, and further improvements have been desired considering its application to rubber articles such as tires. .
- an object of the present invention is to provide a vulcanized rubber composition that has excellent wear resistance while having good performance on ice. Another object of the present invention is to provide a tire with excellent performance on ice and wear resistance.
- the inventors have conducted intensive research to improve ice performance and wear resistance. Then, by including a liquid polymer having a predetermined weight-average molecular weight, performance on ice is enhanced, and a small amount of a cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is included in a rubber composition containing natural rubber as a rubber component, As a result of being able to increase the strength of the rubber, it was found that the abrasion resistance was also improved.
- the rubber composition of the present invention comprises a rubber component containing natural rubber, a cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group, and a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography of 5,000 or more and less than 40,000. and a liquid polymer.
- a tire according to the present invention is characterized by using the rubber composition described above in a tread portion. By providing the above configuration, excellent on-ice performance and wear resistance can be achieved.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a rubber composition with excellent performance on ice and wear resistance. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a tire that is excellent in performance on ice and wear resistance.
- the rubber composition of the present invention comprises a rubber component containing natural rubber, a cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group, and a liquid rubber composition having a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography of 5,000 or more and less than 40,000.
- a rubber composition comprising a polymer.
- the rubber component contained in the rubber composition of the present invention contains at least natural rubber (NR).
- NR natural rubber
- the content of natural rubber in the rubber component is not particularly limited.
- the content of the natural rubber is preferably 30% by mass or more of the rubber component. This is because when used together with a cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group, which will be described later, the cut resistance and abrasion resistance can be improved more reliably.
- the content of natural rubber in the rubber component is 35 It is preferably at least 40% by mass, more preferably at least 40% by mass.
- the upper limit is preferably 100% by mass or less, more preferably 90% by mass or less, and even more preferably 80% by mass or less.
- the rubber component can contain any synthetic rubber in addition to the natural rubber.
- the rubber component preferably contains a diene-based synthetic rubber in order to obtain excellent cut resistance and abrasion resistance.
- diene-based synthetic rubber examples include synthetic polyisoprene (IR), styrene/butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), and polybutadiene rubber (BR).
- IR synthetic polyisoprene
- SBR styrene/butadiene copolymer rubber
- BR polybutadiene rubber
- the diene-based synthetic rubber in the rubber component may be contained singly or as a blend of two or more.
- the rubber component may contain a non-diene synthetic rubber depending on the performance required.
- the rubber component preferably further contains a conjugated diene-based polymer having a functional group.
- a conjugated diene-based polymer having a functional group it is possible to improve the dispersibility of a filler, which will be described later, so that better abrasion resistance and performance on ice can be achieved.
- the functional group of the conjugated diene-based polymer having the functional group is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the type of filler and required performance.
- the functional group include functional groups containing at least one element selected from nitrogen, silicon, oxygen, and tin.
- Examples of such functional groups include amino groups, imino groups, amido groups, isocyanate groups, silyl groups, alkoxy groups, alkoxysilyl groups, epoxy groups, glycidyl groups, carbonyl groups, and the like.
- the method for introducing a specific functional group into the conjugated diene-based polymer is not particularly limited, and can be carried out according to a known method depending on the required performance.
- the rubber composition of the present invention further contains a cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group in addition to the rubber component described above.
- a cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group contained in a rubber composition can greatly improve the abrasion resistance and cut resistance of the rubber composition. Further, by increasing the interaction between the rubber molecules of the rubber component and the agent described later, the physical properties of the rubber after cross-linking can be homogenized, and as a result, the reinforcing properties can also be improved.
- the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group has fewer hydrophilic sites than compounds such as sorbitol, self-aggregation in the rubber composition can be suppressed. can be maintained well.
- the content of the cyclic polyol compound having hydrocarbyl groups is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the natural rubber.
- the content of the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is 0.1 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the natural rubber, a sufficient effect of improving wear resistance can be obtained.
- the content of the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the natural rubber, self-aggregation in the rubber composition is reliably suppressed, and elongation fatigue is improved. can improve sexuality.
- the content of the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 2.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the natural rubber. It is even more preferable to have
- the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is preferably dispersed in the rubber component, and more preferably dispersed in the natural rubber.
- the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group does not act as a surfactant for other compounding agents, but is dispersed in the rubber to improve abrasion resistance and cut resistance, and is distinguished from surfactants. be done.
- the cyclic polyol compound having hydrocarbyl groups preferably has two or more hydroxyl groups, preferably three or more hydroxyl groups. This is because, by having many hydroxyl groups, the interaction between the rubber component and the additive is exhibited more strongly, and more excellent wear resistance and cut resistance can be realized. On the other hand, it preferably has 5 or less hydroxyl groups, more preferably 4 or less hydroxyl groups, from the viewpoint of suppressing self-aggregation in the rubber due to increased hydrophilic sites.
- the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is preferably a cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl ester group. This is because better wear resistance and cut resistance can be achieved.
- the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group has the following formula (1): A compound represented by is more preferable.
- A is a hydrocarbyl ester group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbyl ether group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and the hydrocarbyl group portion of A preferably has 12 to 24 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group portion of A in formula (1) is in the range of 12 to 24, wear resistance and cut resistance are further improved while maintaining good extensional fatigue resistance.
- the first atom from the ring portion (that is, the atom bonded to the ring) or the second atom from the ring portion is preferably an oxygen atom.
- a whose first atom from the ring portion is an oxygen atom includes, for example, groups represented by —OA′ and —O—CO—A′′, and the second atom from the ring portion is Examples of A which is an oxygen atom include groups represented by —CH 2 —OA′′ and —CH 2 —O—CO-A′′′, where A′ has 6 to 6 carbon atoms.
- A'' is a hydrocarbyl group having 5 to 29 carbon atoms
- A'''' is a hydrocarbyl group having 4 to 28 carbon atoms
- A', A'' and A''' is more preferably a hydrocarbyl group having 12 to 24 carbon atoms.
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are each independently —OH or —R (where —R is —H or —CH 2 OH), provided that at least two of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are —OH.
- Two or more of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 preferably three or more of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are —OH, so that the abrasion resistance and Cut resistance is further improved.
- n is a natural number, preferably in the range of 11-23. Wear resistance can be further improved by blending the compound represented by the above formula (2) or (3) as the modified cyclic polyol compound.
- the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is not particularly limited. It can be obtained by reacting an aliphatic alcohol or an aliphatic carboxylic acid such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, or oleic acid.
- cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group examples include ester compounds such as sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monomyristate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, octyl- ⁇ - Ether compounds such as D-glucopyranoside, decyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside, dodecyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside, tetradecyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside, and hexadecyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside. These compounds may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is preferably sorbitan monostearate (sorbitan monoester) from the viewpoint of achieving a higher level of both elongation fatigue resistance and cut resistance. .
- the melting point of the cyclic polyol compound having hydrocarbyl groups is preferably 40 to 100°C, more preferably 45 to 90°C. This is because when the melting point of the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is 100°C or lower, the solubility during kneading and vulcanization reactions can be improved, and when it is 40°C or higher, the durability at high temperatures can be enhanced.
- the rubber composition of the present invention further contains a liquid polymer having a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of 5,000 or more and less than 40,000 as measured by gel permeation chromatography, in addition to the rubber component and the cyclic polyol compound described above.
- a liquid polymer having a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of 5,000 or more and less than 40,000 as measured by gel permeation chromatography in addition to the rubber component and the cyclic polyol compound described above.
- the liquid polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer having a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of 5,000 or more and less than 40,000 as measured by gel permeation chromatography. It is preferably an unmodified conjugated diene-based polymer having a vinyl bond content of 20% or more in the diene compound portion.
- the liquid polymer is more likely to be unevenly distributed in the natural rubber phase of the rubber component, and better performance on ice can be obtained.
- the vinyl bond content of the conjugated diene compound portion of the liquid polymer is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and more preferably 45% or more.
- the vinyl bond content of the conjugated diene compound portion of the liquid polymer is preferably 70% or less, more preferably 65% or less, and 55% or less. More preferred.
- the content of the liquid polymer is preferably 1 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. This is because it is possible to impart flexibility to the rubber composition, improve the on-ice performance of a tire provided with the vulcanized rubber obtained from the rubber composition and the tread portion, and suppress deterioration in wear resistance. Also, from the same viewpoint, the content of the liquid polymer is more preferably 3 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 25 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. 20 parts by mass is particularly preferred.
- the liquid polymer has a low molecular weight because it does not form a crosslinked structure with the rubber component (A) even when the rubber composition is vulcanized.
- the weight average molecular weight (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as weight average molecular weight) is 5,000 or more and less than 40,000. If the weight-average molecular weight of the liquid polymer is less than 5,000, the vulcanized rubber obtained from the rubber composition and the tread portion of the tire may become excessively flexible, resulting in impaired wear resistance. If the weight-average molecular weight of the liquid polymer is 40,000 or more, the flexibility may be lost, and the on-ice performance of the tire provided with the vulcanized rubber obtained from the rubber composition and the tread portion may be impaired. From the same viewpoint, the weight average molecular weight of the liquid polymer is preferably 5,500 to 30,000, more preferably 6,000 to 25,000, and more preferably 6,500 to 20,000. is more preferable.
- the liquid polymer is preferably an unmodified conjugated diene-based polymer in which the amount of bound styrene in the conjugated diene compound portion is less than 10%.
- the amount of bound styrene in the conjugated diene compound portion is less than 10%, the flexibility of the rubber composition can be sufficiently ensured, and the on-ice performance of the tire provided with the vulcanized rubber and the tread portion obtained from the rubber composition is further enhanced. be able to.
- the liquid polymer preferably has a bound styrene content in the conjugated diene compound portion of 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less, and particularly preferably 0%.
- the reason why the liquid polymer is preferably an unmodified polymer is that it is less likely to interact with fillers, which will be described later, to suppress fillers from being included in the natural rubber phase, and to improve ice performance. This is because it can be maintained at
- the conjugated diene-based polymer is not particularly limited as long as it has a specific weight-average molecular weight, the amount of bound styrene in the conjugated diene compound portion is kept below a certain value, and a specific amount of vinyl bonds.
- a homopolymer of the compound or a copolymer of an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene compound is preferred.
- the conjugated diene compound as the monomer include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, and the like.
- aromatic vinyl compounds as monomers include styrene, p-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, chloromethylstyrene, vinyltoluene and the like.
- the liquid polymer one or both of polybutadiene and polyisoprene are preferable, and polybutadiene is more preferable. These monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of binding of the aromatic vinyl compound is preferably less than 5% by mass.
- the method for producing the conjugated diene-based polymer as the liquid polymer is not particularly limited. It can be obtained by polymerizing a mixture of an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene compound.
- a lithium compound is preferred, and n-butyl thiolium is more preferred.
- the aromatic vinyl compound and the conjugated diene compound are polymerized by anionic polymerization.
- the method for producing the conjugated diene-based polymer using a polymerization initiator is not particularly limited.
- a method of polymerizing a monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent inert to the polymerization reaction can produce the conjugated diene-based polymer.
- hydrocarbon solvents inert to the polymerization reaction examples include propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, propene, 1-butene, isobutene, trans-2-butene, cis -2-butene, 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 1-hexene, 2-hexene, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a randomizer.
- the randomizer can control the microstructure of the conjugated diene compound portion of the (co)polymer, more specifically, control the amount of vinyl bonds in the conjugated diene compound portion of the (co)polymer, It has the effect of randomizing the conjugated diene compound units and the aromatic vinyl compound units in the polymer.
- Randomizers include dimethoxybenzene, tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ditetrahydrofurylpropane, triethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, 1, 2-dipiperidinoethane, potassium-t-amylate, potassium-t-butoxide, sodium-t-amylate and the like.
- the amount of these randomizers used is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 100 molar equivalents per 1 mol of the polymerization initiator.
- the anionic polymerization is preferably carried out by solution polymerization, and the concentration of the monomer in the polymerization reaction solution is preferably in the range of 5-50% by mass, more preferably in the range of 10-30% by mass.
- concentration of the monomer in the polymerization reaction solution is preferably in the range of 5-50% by mass, more preferably in the range of 10-30% by mass.
- the content of the aromatic vinyl compound in the monomer mixture can be appropriately selected according to the amount of the aromatic vinyl compound in the target copolymer. can.
- the polymerization system is not particularly limited, and may be a batch system or a continuous system.
- the polymerization temperature for anionic polymerization is preferably in the range of 0 to 150°C, more preferably in the range of 20 to 130°C.
- the polymerization can also be carried out under generated pressure, but it is usually preferred to carry out the polymerization under pressure sufficient to keep the monomers used substantially in the liquid phase.
- the weight-average molecular weight of the liquid polymer, the amount of bound styrene in the conjugated diene compound portion, and the amount of vinyl bond in the conjugated diene compound portion can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of monomer used for polymerization, the degree of polymerization, and the like.
- the amount of bound styrene in the conjugated diene compound portion of the liquid polymer and the amount of vinyl bond in the conjugated diene compound portion (sometimes referred to as the microstructure of the liquid polymer) can be determined by an infrared method (Morello method). .
- the rubber composition of the present invention preferably further contains a filler containing at least one of silica and carbon black in addition to the rubber component, cyclic polyol compound and liquid polymer described above.
- a filler containing at least one of silica and carbon black together with the rubber component, the properties of the rubber composition, such as wear resistance and performance on ice, can be further enhanced.
- silica examples include wet silica (hydrated silicic acid), dry silica (anhydrous silicic acid), calcium silicate, and aluminum silicate.
- wet silica is preferred.
- These silicas may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- precipitated silica can be used as the wet silica.
- precipitated silica means that in the early stage of production, the reaction solution is reacted at a relatively high temperature and in a neutral to alkaline pH range to grow primary silica particles, and then controlled to the acidic side to aggregate the primary particles. It is the silica obtained as a result of
- the silica is not particularly limited, but may have, for example, a CTAB specific surface area (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area) of 70 m 2 /g or more and 250 m 2 /g or less.
- CTAB specific surface area means a value measured according to ASTM D3765-92.
- the adsorption cross-sectional area per molecule of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide on the silica surface is 0.35 nm 2
- the specific surface area (m 2 /g) calculated from the adsorption amount of CTAB is defined as the CTAB specific surface area.
- the BET specific surface area of the silica can be 100 m 2 /g or more and 250 m 2 /g or less.
- the BET specific surface area is a specific surface area determined by the BET method, and can be measured according to ASTM D4820-93 in the present invention.
- the content of the silica is preferably 5 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 50 parts by mass, and 10 to 45 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. is more preferred. If the silica content is 5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, the wear resistance and performance on ice of the vulcanized rubber composition can be further improved. It is possible to suppress deterioration of processability and deterioration of low rolling resistance of the rubber composition.
- the carbon black is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include GPF, FEF, HAF, N339, IISAF, ISAF, and SAF grade carbon blacks, and nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA, JIS K 6217-2:2001) can be used from 20 to 250 m 2 /g.
- ISAF and SAF grade carbon blacks are preferable from the viewpoint of improving the abrasion resistance of the rubber composition.
- These carbon blacks may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the carbon black may have a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA, measured according to JIS K 6217-2:2001) of 20 to 250 m 2 /g, and 30 to 200 m 2 .
- the carbon black has a dibutyl phthalate (DBP) oil absorption (measured by the method described in JIS K 6217-4:2001 "Determination of DBP absorption") of 50 to 200 cm 3 /100 g. of 60 to 150 cm 3 /100 g can be used.
- DBP dibutyl phthalate
- the content of the carbon black is not particularly limited, it is preferably 5 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 20 to 80 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. More preferably 25 to 70 parts by mass, particularly preferably 30 to 65 parts by mass. If the content of the carbon black is 5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, the wear resistance can be further improved, and if it is less than 50 parts by mass, the deterioration of low heat build-up is more assured. can be suppressed.
- the content of the carbon black is not particularly limited, but the content of the carbon black with respect to the content of the silica (content of carbon black/content of silica) is 0.1 in mass ratio. It is preferably from 15 to 15, more preferably from 0.5 to 1.5, even more preferably from 0.7 to 1.2. Another preferred example is 4 to 15, more preferably 7 to 13.
- the content mass ratio of the carbon black to the silica content is 0.1 or more, it is possible to obtain better wear resistance and reinforcement, and the content of the carbon black to the silica content When the mass ratio is 15 or less, excellent cut resistance can be obtained without deteriorating low heat build-up.
- the filler may be the following general formula (XX): nM.xSiOy.zH2O ( XX) [In the formula, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium and zirconium, oxides or hydroxides of these metals, and hydrates thereof, or carbonates of these metals is at least one selected; n, x, y and z are each an integer of 1 to 5, an integer of 0 to 10, an integer of 2 to 5, and an integer of 0 to 10].
- Examples of the inorganic compound represented by the general formula (XX) include alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) such as ⁇ -alumina and ⁇ -alumina, alumina monohydrate (Al 2 O 3 ⁇ H 2 O) such as boehmite and diaspore, Aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH) 3 ] such as gibbsite and bayerite, aluminum carbonate [Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3 ], magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH) 2 ], magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 ), talc ( 3MgO.4SiO.sub.2.H.sub.2O ), attapulgite ( 5MgO.8SiO.sub.2.9H.sub.2O ) , titanium white ( TiO.sub.2 ), titanium black ( TiO.sub.2n -1 ), calcium oxide (CaO), water Calcium oxide [Ca(OH) 2 ], magnesium aluminum oxide ( MgO.Al2O3
- the inorganic compound of formula (XX) preferably has an average particle size of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the total content of the filler is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 120 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. More preferably, 40 to 100 parts by mass is particularly preferable. This is because, by optimizing the amount of the filler, tire characteristics such as wear resistance, cut resistance, and low loss can be further improved.
- the rubber composition of the present invention further contains a void introduction agent. Since the rubber composition contains a void introduction agent, the vulcanized rubber has voids on the surface or inside, or on the surface and inside, so the tire using the vulcanized rubber has flexibility and can be used on icy roads. In addition to the adhesion being facilitated, water on the road surface is sucked into the gaps on the tire surface, and the water is easily removed from the icy and snowy road surface, so that the braking performance on ice can be improved.
- the void-introducing agent examples include foaming agents, metal sulfates, thermally expandable microcapsules, porous cellulose particles, lignin derivatives, and the like. be able to. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of performance on ice, it is preferable to use the foaming agent.
- the content of the void introduction agent in the rubber composition is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of obtaining a desired void ratio and maintaining wear resistance, etc., it is , preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 10 parts by mass, still more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass.
- the content ratio of the pore-introducing agent and the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving wear resistance and performance on ice, the pore-introducing agent and the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group (void introduction agent/cyclic polyol compound having hydrocarbyl group) is preferably 0.5 to 10, more preferably 1 to 8, still more preferably 2 to 7, and particularly preferably 3 to 7.
- the rubber composition of the present invention contains a foaming agent as the void introduction agent
- the foaming agent generates air bubbles in the vulcanized rubber, and the vulcanized rubber becomes a foamed rubber.
- foamed rubber has flexibility, a tire surface using vulcanized rubber easily adheres to an icy road surface.
- the air bubbles create holes (foamed pores) originating from the air bubbles on the surface of the vulcanized rubber and the surface of the tire, which function as channels for draining water.
- foaming agents include azodicarbonamide (ADCA), dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (DPT), dinitrosopentastyrenetetramine, benzenesulfonyl hydrazide derivatives, p,p'-oxybisbenzenesulfonyl hydrazide (OBSH), carbonates such as ammonium carbonate, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, inorganic blowing agents such as bicarbonates (bicarbonates) such as ammonium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate, nitroso sulfonylazo compounds that generate nitrogen , N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dinitrosophthalamide, toluenesulfonyl hydrazide, p-toluenesulfonyl semicarbazide, p,p'-oxybisbenzenesulfonyl semicarbazide and the like.
- ADCA azodicarbonamide
- azodicarbonamide ADCA
- dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine DPT
- inorganic foaming agents are preferably used from the viewpoint of manufacturing processability.
- foaming agents may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content of the foaming agent in the rubber composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 8 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. preferable.
- the rubber composition may further use urea, zinc stearate, zinc benzenesulfinate, zinc white, etc. as a foaming aid. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types. By using a foaming aid together, the foaming reaction can be accelerated, the degree of completion of the reaction can be increased, and unnecessary deterioration over time can be suppressed.
- the metal sulfate protrudes from the tire surface obtained by vulcanizing the rubber composition, resulting in abrasiveness. It performs a claw function without Subsequent gradual exit of metal sulfates from the rubber matrix then creates cavities that serve as storage volumes and passageways for the evacuation of the water film on the ice surface. Under these conditions, the contact between the tire surface (eg, the tread surface) and the ice is no longer lubricating, so metal sulfates that improve the coefficient of friction include magnesium sulfate.
- the metal sulfate is preferably micrometer-sized particles.
- the average particle size and the median particle size are preferably 1 ⁇ m to 1 mm, more preferably 2 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m.
- the target technical effect that is, formation of appropriate fine roughness
- the average particle size and median particle size are 1 mm or less, especially when the rubber composition is used as a tread, it suppresses the deterioration of aesthetics (suppresses the appearance of too clear particles on the tread surface) ), less likely to impair grip performance on melting ice.
- the median particle size of the metal sulfate is preferably 2 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 200 ⁇ m. This particularly preferred particle size range appears to correspond to an optimum compromise between the desired surface roughness on the one hand and good contact of the rubber composition with the ice on the other hand.
- the content of the metal sulfate in the rubber composition is preferably 5 to 40 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 35 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. .
- the thermally expandable microcapsules are configured by enclosing a thermally expandable substance in a shell material formed of a thermoplastic resin.
- the shell material of the thermally expandable microcapsules can be made of a nitrile polymer.
- the thermally expandable substance contained in the shell material of the microcapsules has the property of being vaporized or expanded by heat, and is exemplified by at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons such as isoalkanes and normal alkanes.
- Isoalkanes include isobutane, isopentane, 2-methylpentane, 2-methylhexane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, etc.
- Normal alkanes include n-butane, n-propane, n-hexane, Examples include n-heptane and n-octane. These hydrocarbons may be used alone or in combination.
- a preferred form of the thermally expandable substance is a hydrocarbon that is liquid at room temperature and a hydrocarbon that is gas at room temperature dissolved therein. By using such a mixture of hydrocarbons, it is possible to obtain a sufficient expansion force from a low temperature range to a high temperature range in the vulcanization forming temperature range (150° C. to 190° C.) of an unvulcanized tire.
- thermally expandable microcapsules examples include "EXPANCEL 091DU-80” or “EXPANCEL 092DU-120” manufactured by Expancel in Sweden, or “Matsumoto Micros” manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Fair F-85D” or “Matsumoto Microsphere F-100D” or the like can be used.
- the content of the thermally expandable microcapsules in the rubber composition is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- Porous cellulose particles When the rubber composition of the present invention contains porous cellulose particles as the void introduction agent, when the porous cellulose particles are exposed on the tire surface obtained by vulcanizing the rubber composition, Water on the icy road surface can be absorbed by the porous cellulose particles to remove water between the tire and the road surface.
- cellulose which is a polysaccharide, causes interaction between the tire and water on an ice-snow road surface, so the modified polyoxyalkylene glycol can further enhance the interaction between the tire and water.
- the porous cellulose particles are cellulose particles having a porous structure with a porosity of 75 to 95%, and by adding them to the rubber composition, performance on ice can be remarkably improved.
- the porosity of the porous cellulose particles is 75% or more, the effect of improving performance on ice is excellent, and when the porosity is 95% or less, the strength of the particles can be increased.
- the porosity is more preferably 80-90%.
- the true specific gravity of cellulose is 1.5.
- the particle size of the porous cellulose particles is not particularly limited, those having an average particle size of 1000 ⁇ m or less are preferably used from the viewpoint of abrasion resistance.
- the lower limit of the average particle size is not particularly limited, it is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle size is more preferably 100-800 ⁇ m, still more preferably 200-800 ⁇ m.
- porous cellulose particles As the porous cellulose particles, spherical particles having a major axis/minor axis ratio of 1 to 2 are preferably used.
- the use of particles having such a spherical structure improves the dispersibility in the rubber composition, which contributes to the improvement of performance on ice and the maintenance of wear resistance and the like.
- the ratio of major axis/minor axis is more preferably 1.0 to 1.5.
- the average particle diameter of the porous cellulose particles and the ratio of the major diameter/minor diameter are obtained as follows. That is, an image is obtained by observing the porous cellulose particles with a microscope, and using this image, the long diameter and short diameter of the particle (when the long diameter and short diameter are the same, the length in a certain axial direction and the length perpendicular to this) The length in the axial direction) is measured for 100 particles and the average value is calculated to obtain the average particle size, and the average value of the values obtained by dividing the major axis by the minor axis. is obtained.
- porous cellulose particles are commercially available from Rengo Co., Ltd. as "Viscopearl", and are described in JP-A-2001-323095 and JP-A-2004-115284. It can be used preferably.
- the content of the porous cellulose particles in the rubber composition is preferably 0.3 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. When the content is 0.3 parts by mass or more, the effect of improving performance on ice can be enhanced. Abrasion reduction can be suppressed.
- the content of the porous cellulose particles is more preferably 1 to 15 parts by weight, still more preferably 3 to 15 parts by weight.
- lignin sulfonate is preferably used as the lignin derivative.
- the ligninsulfonate include alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, and alcoholamine salts of ligninsulfonic acid, and at least one of these can be used.
- alkali metal salts and/or alkaline earth metal salts of ligninsulfonic acid such as potassium salts, sodium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, lithium salts, barium salts, etc. Mixed salts thereof are also preferred. good.
- the rubber composition of the present invention contains a foaming agent as the void introduction agent, it preferably further contains a foaming aid.
- foaming aid include urea, zinc stearate, zinc benzenesulfinate, and zinc white. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the total content of the foaming agent and the foaming aid is preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the total content of the foaming agent and the foaming assistant is 1 part by mass or more, the rubber composition can be sufficiently foamed during vulcanization, and the foaming rate of the vulcanized rubber can be maintained at a high level.
- the total content of the foaming agent and the foaming aid is 30 parts by mass or less, the decrease in foaming rate can be suppressed.
- the total content of the foaming agent and the foaming aid is preferably 3 parts by mass or more, and 5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the total content of the foaming agent and the foaming aid is preferably 25 parts by mass or less, such as 20 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. More preferred are:
- the mass ratio of the foaming agent and the foaming aid is preferably 1:1.1 to 1:3.3. . If the mass ratio (foaming agent:foaming aid) is less than 1:1.1, the rubber composition may not be sufficiently foamed during vulcanization, and the foaming rate of the vulcanized rubber may decrease. If the mass ratio (foaming agent:foaming auxiliary agent) exceeds 1:3.3, the foaming ratio may also decrease.
- the mass ratio of the foaming agent and the foaming aid is preferably 1:1.2 or more, more preferably 1:1.3 or more. is more preferred.
- the mass ratio of the foaming agent and the foaming aid is preferably 1:3.2 or less, and 1:3. 1 or less is more preferable, 1:2.9 or less is more preferable, 1:2.7 or less is even more preferable, 1:2.5 or less is even more preferable, and 1:2.3 or less is particularly preferable.
- the content of the foaming aid is preferably in the range of 4 to 14 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, from the viewpoint of the foaming rate of the vulcanized rubber and the performance on ice of the tire.
- a range of 14 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the rubber composition of the present invention may contain an organic acid, if necessary.
- the SP value of the organic acid is preferably 9.15 to 16.0 (cal/cm 3 ) 1/2 .
- the organic acid balances the decomposition/foaming reaction speed of the foaming agent and the vulcanization reaction speed of the rubber composition, thereby improving the foaming rate of the vulcanized rubber. It has the effect of causing Therefore, by blending the organic acid into the rubber composition, the decomposition/foaming reaction of the foaming agent is promoted while maintaining good workability of the rubber composition.
- the expansion rate of the vulcanized rubber can be improved, and by applying the rubber composition to a tire, the performance on ice of the tire can be improved.
- the SP value of the organic acid is less than 9.15 (cal/cm 3 ) 1/2 , the decomposition of the blowing agent may not be sufficiently accelerated, and the SP value of the organic acid is 16.0 ( cal/cm 3 )
- it exceeds 1/2 the adhesion of the rubber composition containing the organic acid increases, and the rubber composition adheres to production equipment such as rolls during the production of the rubber composition. The workability of the composition may deteriorate.
- the SP value of the organic acid is preferably 10.5 to 14.3 (cal/cm 3 ) 1/2 .
- the SP value of the organic acid is 10.5 (cal/cm 3 ) 1/2 or more, the effect of promoting the decomposition of the foaming agent is further enhanced, and the SP value of the organic acid is 14.3 (cal /cm 3 )
- it is 1/2 or less, the adhesion of the rubber composition containing an organic acid can be further reduced, and the workability of the rubber composition is further improved.
- Stearic acid which is commonly used as a vulcanization aid for the rubber composition, has an SP value of 9.12 (cal/cm 3 ) 1/2 and has a low effect of accelerating the decomposition of the foaming agent.
- the SP value (solubility parameter) of an organic acid is calculated according to the Fedors method.
- the organic acid may be any of monocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid, tricarboxylic acid, and the like, and may be aliphatic or aromatic. You may have functional groups other than a carboxyl group, such as a saturated group.
- the organic acid one having an aromatic ring (aromatic) is preferable, and a monocarboxylic acid is preferable.
- the organic acid has an aromatic ring, the adhesion of the rubber composition can be further reduced, the workability of the rubber composition is further improved, and the adhesion to production equipment such as rolls is further reduced.
- Palmitic acid etc. are mentioned as said aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.
- the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid include oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid.
- the aromatic monocarboxylic acid include benzoic acid and salicylic acid.
- the aromatic dicarboxylic acid include phthalic acid.
- organic acids having functional groups other than carboxyl groups include tartaric acid, malic acid, maleic acid, glycolic acid, ⁇ -ketoglutaric acid and the like. The said organic acid may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- benzoic acid it is particularly preferable to use benzoic acid as the organic acid.
- benzoic acid is blended into the rubber composition, the adhesion of the rubber composition can be further reduced, the workability of the rubber composition is further improved, and adhesion to manufacturing equipment such as rolls becomes even more difficult.
- the content of the organic acid is 0.1 to 7 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, from the viewpoint of the workability of the rubber composition, the foaming rate of the vulcanized rubber, and the performance on ice of the tire. is preferable, 1.5 to 7 parts by mass is more preferable, and 3 to 7 parts by mass is even more preferable.
- the total content of the foaming agent and the organic acid is 3 parts by mass or more and less than 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, from the viewpoint of the foaming rate of the vulcanized rubber and the performance on ice of the tire. more preferably 5 parts by mass or more and less than 15 parts by mass, and even more preferably 7 parts by mass or more and less than 15 parts by mass.
- the mass ratio of the foaming agent and the organic acid is in the range of 1:0.5 to 1:1.5 from the viewpoint of the foaming rate of the vulcanized rubber and the performance on ice of the tire. and more preferably in the range of 1:0.7 to 1:1.3.
- the rubber composition of the present invention preferably contains composite fibers in addition to the rubber component, the cyclic polyol compound, the liquid polymer, and optional components such as a filler, a void introduction agent, and a foaming aid.
- the conjugate fiber By containing the conjugate fiber, it is possible to ensure sufficient affinity with water, and particularly when used in tire applications, it is possible to impart excellent drainage and performance on ice.
- the composite fiber is made of a hydrophilic resin having a coating layer formed on the surface thereof. This is because the dispersibility of the conjugate fiber in the rubber composition is improved by providing the coating layer on the surface of the conjugate fiber.
- the hydrophilic resin is preferably insoluble in water, and by adopting a hydrophilic resin that is insoluble in water, even when the conjugate fiber is exposed on the surface of the product (for example, a tire), the conjugate fiber is Dissolution can be suppressed.
- hydrophilic resin more specifically, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, vinyl alcohol homopolymer, poly(meth)acrylic acid resin or its ester resin (hereinafter, structural unit derived from (meth)acrylic acid (Co) polymers containing structural units derived from copolymers and (meth) acrylic acid esters are also collectively referred to as (meth) acrylic resins.), polyamide resins, polyethylene glycol resins, carboxyvinyl copolymers Polymers, styrene-maleic acid copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone resins, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyester resins, cellulose resins and the like.
- ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer vinyl alcohol homopolymer, poly(meth)acrylic acid resin, polyamide resin, aliphatic polyamide resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyester resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, cellulose A resin or (meth)acrylic resin is preferred, and an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is more preferred.
- the surface of the fiber made of the hydrophilic resin has an affinity for the rubber component, and is preferably made of a low-melting resin (hereinafter also referred to as "low-melting resin") having a melting point lower than the maximum vulcanization temperature. It is preferable that a coating layer is formed. By forming such a coating layer, it is possible to effectively maintain the affinity for water possessed by the hydrophilic resin itself while exhibiting good affinity with the rubber component in the vicinity of the composite fiber, and at the time of vulcanization, It can capture the hydrophilic resin, which is difficult to melt (at the time of foaming), and promote the formation of cavities inside the conjugate fiber.
- the low melting point resin melts during vulcanization, it becomes a coating layer with fluidity and contributes to the adhesion between the rubber component and the conjugate fiber, resulting in good performance on ice and abrasion resistance. is given.
- the thickness of the coating layer may vary depending on the blending amount of the hydrophilic resin, the average diameter of the conjugate fiber, etc., but is preferably 0.001 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.001 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the coating layer By forming the coating layer with a thickness within the above range, the desired effects of the present invention can be sufficiently exhibited. Further, the coating layer may be formed over the entire surface of the hydrophilic resin, or may be formed on a partial surface of the hydrophilic resin. Specifically, at least 50% of the total surface area of the hydrophilic resin %, the coating layer is preferably formed.
- the low-melting resin used in the coating layer is preferably a resin in which the polar component is 50% by mass or less of all components in the low-melting resin, and more preferably a polyolefin resin.
- the resin has a polar component within the above range for all components, the SP value difference from the rubber component is moderate, and the melting point is moderately lower than the maximum vulcanization temperature. It can be easily melted during vulcanization to promote foaming of the vulcanized rubber while sufficiently ensuring good affinity with the components. Therefore, it is possible to reliably form cavities inside the composite fibers while more reliably improving the dispersibility of the fibers made of the hydrophilic resin in the rubber composition.
- the polyolefin resin may be branched or linear. It may also be an ionomer resin obtained by cross-linking the molecules of an ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer with metal ions.
- the polyolefin resin includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene-diene ternary Copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, ionomer resins thereof, and the like are included. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- polyethylene-based resins polypropylene-based resins, polyolefin ionomers, and maleic anhydride-modified ⁇ -polyolefins are preferable as the polyolefin-based resins.
- polyolefin ionomer or a maleic anhydride-modified ⁇ -polyolefin is used, the strength of the rubber can be further improved because it also adheres to the hydroxyl groups of the hydrophilic resin.
- these resins are blended using a mixing mill and melt-spun to form an undrawn yarn. It is possible to adopt a method of fibrillating an undrawn yarn while heat-drawing it.
- the resin may be blended using two twin-screw extruders equipped with dies, and then fibrous in the same manner. In this case, the hydrophilic resin and the low-melting point resin are extruded simultaneously from the two die outlets to form an undrawn yarn.
- the amount of these resins charged into the mixing mill or hopper may vary depending on the length and diameter of the resulting composite (fiber), but preferably 5 to 300 parts of the low melting point resin is added to 100 parts by mass of the hydrophilic resin. parts by weight, more preferably in an amount of 10 to 150 parts by weight.
- a coating layer capable of exerting a desired effect is effectively formed on the surface of the composite (fiber) composed of the hydrophilic resin obtained after the drawing process. be.
- the average length of the obtained conjugate fiber is preferably 0.1 to 500 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 7 mm, and the average diameter is preferably 0.001 to 2 mm, more preferably 0.005 to 0.005 mm. 5 mm.
- the aspect ratio is preferably 10 to 4,000, more preferably 50 to 2,000. The aspect ratio means the ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the composite fiber.
- the ratio of the length A of the cross section in the major axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the major axis direction and the length B of the cross section in the minor axis direction perpendicular to the major axis direction is preferably greater than 1, more preferably 1.5 or greater, even more preferably 1.8 or greater, and particularly preferably 2.0 or greater.
- the ratio A/B is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 15 or less, and particularly preferably 10 or less. By setting it in the above range, performance on ice is further improved.
- the cross-sectional shape is not particularly limited, and may be oval, rectangular, polygonal, irregular, or the like.
- the amount of the conjugate fiber made of a hydrophilic resin on which the coating layer is formed is preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 30 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. , more preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by mass, and even more preferably 1 to 6 parts by mass.
- the compounded amount of the conjugate fiber made of hydrophilic resin and having the coating layer formed thereon is within the above range, a cavity is formed inside the conjugate fiber, and sufficient durability is maintained while exhibiting good drainage properties.
- the content ratio of the conjugate fiber and the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving wear resistance and performance on ice, the ratio of the conjugate fiber and the cyclic polyol compound having a hydrocarbyl group is
- the mass ratio (conjugate fiber/cyclic polyol compound having hydrocarbyl group) is preferably 0.1 to 10, more preferably 0.5 to 8, still more preferably 1 to 6, particularly preferably 1.5 to 5. .
- the content ratio of the conjugate fiber and the void introduction agent is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of compatibility and improvement of wear resistance and performance on ice, the mass ratio of the conjugate fiber and the void introduction agent (void introduction agent/composite fiber) is preferably 0.5 to 10, more preferably 1 to 8, even more preferably 1.5 to 7, and particularly preferably 2 to 6.
- Voids are formed in the vulcanized rubber composition obtained by vulcanizing the rubber composition of the present invention by means of the void-introducing agent and the conjugate fiber.
- the pores have an average diameter of about 1 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of the void refers to the largest diameter D of the void 20 (if the void is not spherical, the maximum distance D among the distances between any two points on the inner wall of the void). .
- the average diameter of the voids is the average value of the diameters D of the voids 20 present in the vulcanized rubber composition.
- the cross section of the vulcanized rubber composition is observed with a digital microscope (“VHX-100” manufactured by Keyence Corporation), and all the voids present in one field of view (2.5 mm ⁇ 2.5 mm). It is the average value of the diameter.
- VHX-100 digital microscope
- the shape and size of the voids do not change greatly in one vulcanized rubber composition, so the average value of the voids in one view is the average value of the voids. diameter.
- the porosity of the vulcanized rubber composition is preferably 5 to 45%.
- the porosity is preferably 7% or more, more preferably 15% or more.
- the porosity is preferably 40% or less, more preferably 37% or less.
- the porosity is the volume ratio (% by volume) of the voids in the vulcanized rubber composition of the present invention.
- the method for measuring the porosity is not particularly limited, and can be measured using, for example, a specific gravity meter (ViBRA specific gravity meter "DMA-220" manufactured by Shinko Denshi Co., Ltd.).
- the porosity can be controlled by changing the vulcanization conditions or by adjusting the content of the void introducing agent such as the foaming agent and the composite fiber.
- the rubber composition of the present invention may contain compounding agents commonly used in the rubber industry as other components, in addition to the components described above.
- compounding agents commonly used in the rubber industry as other components, in addition to the components described above.
- silane coupling agents, cross-linking agents, vulcanization accelerators, polyethylene glycol, softening agents, resins, anti-aging agents, zinc white, etc. are appropriately selected within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention. can be included as Commercially available products can be suitably used as these compounding agents.
- the anti-aging agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include amine-based, quinoline-based, quinone-based, phenol-based, and imidazole-based compounds, and anti-aging agents such as metal carbamates.
- amine anti-aging agent examples include phenylenediamine anti-aging agents having a phenylenediamine skeleton (--NH--Ph--NH--). Specifically, N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylene diamine, N,N'-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-methylheptyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-dicyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis
- amine anti-aging agents it is preferable that they do not have a double bond other than the phenylenediamine moiety (-NH-Ph-NH-). It is preferable to use an amine antioxidant represented by (R 1 -NH-Ph-NH-R 2 ). [wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon group]
- the monovalent saturated hydrocarbon groups represented by R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same from the viewpoint of synthesis.
- the monovalent saturated hydrocarbon group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 6 and 7 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms in the saturated hydrocarbon group is 20 or less, the number of moles per unit mass becomes large, so that the anti-aging effect becomes large and the ozone resistance of the rubber composition is improved.
- R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (1) each independently represent a linear or cyclic saturated monovalent rubber having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a hydrocarbon group is preferred.
- the monovalent saturated hydrocarbon group includes an alkyl group and a cycloalkyl group, and the alkyl group may be linear or branched. Furthermore, an alkyl group or the like may be bonded.
- the alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, neopentyl group, 1- methylpentyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 3-methylpentyl group, 4-methylpentyl group, 1,2-dimethylpentyl group, 1,3-dimethylpentyl group, 1,4-dimethylpentyl group, 2,3- dimethylpentyl group, 2,4-dimethylpentyl group, 3,4-dimethylpentyl group, n-hexyl group, 1-methylhexyl
- a 1,4-dimethylpentyl group is preferred.
- the cycloalkyl group include a cyclopentyl group, a methylcyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, etc.
- a cyclohexyl group is preferred.
- the amine anti-aging agent represented by the general formula (1) may be supported on any carrier.
- the amine anti-aging agent represented by formula (1) may be carried on inorganic fillers such as silica and calcium carbonate.
- the amine anti-aging agent represented by the general formula (1) may form a masterbatch together with the rubber component.
- the rubber component used in forming the masterbatch is not particularly limited, and may be diene rubber such as natural rubber (NR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), or the like.
- the amine antioxidant represented by Formula (1) can also be used as a salt with an organic acid.
- the organic acid used for forming the salt is not particularly limited, but stearic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- anti-aging agents other than the above amine-based anti-aging agents can also be suitably used. , 2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and the like.
- the above antioxidants may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination.
- the anti-aging agent preferably contains one or more selected from the group consisting of an amine-based anti-aging agent and a quinoline-based anti-aging agent among those described above, and more preferably includes at least an amine-based anti-aging agent. preferable.
- silica when silica is contained as the filler mentioned above, it is preferable to further contain a silane coupling agent. This is because the effects of silica on cut resistance, reinforcement, and loss reduction can be further improved. In addition, a well-known thing can be used suitably for a silane coupling agent.
- silane coupling agent examples include bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) polysulfide, bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide, bis(3-tri ethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis(2-triethoxysilylethyl)tetrasulfide, bis(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide, bis(2-trimethoxysilylethyl)tetrasulfide, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-mercaptoethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-mercaptoethyltriethoxysilane, 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-N,N-dimethylthiocarbamoyltetra
- the content of the silane coupling agent varies depending on the type of silane coupling agent, etc.
- the content of the silica is preferably 0.2 or less, and preferably 0.1. It is more preferably 0.09 or less, more preferably 0.09 or less. This is because the cut resistance of the rubber composition can be further improved by reducing the content of the silane coupling agent to the content of the silica by a mass ratio of 0.2 or less.
- the cross-linking agent is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- examples thereof include sulfur-based cross-linking agents, organic peroxide-based cross-linking agents, inorganic cross-linking agents, polyamine cross-linking agents, resin cross-linking agents, sulfur compound-based cross-linking agents, and oxime-nitrosamine-based cross-linking agents.
- a sulfur-based cross-linking agent vulcanizing agent
- the content of the cross-linking agent is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- a vulcanization accelerator when using sulfur as the cross-linking agent, it is preferable to include a vulcanization accelerator.
- a vulcanization accelerator a conventionally known one can be used, and it is not particularly limited. -butyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide), TBSI (Nt-butyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenimide) and other sulfenamide-based vulcanization accelerators; DPG (diphenylguanidine) and other guanidines thiuram-based vulcanization accelerators such as tetraoctylthiuram disulfide and tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide; and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
- the sulfur content is preferably less than the sulfur content, and more preferably about 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the rubber composition of the present invention preferably further contains glycerol monostearate from the viewpoint of shortening the scorch time and further improving workability such as increasing the vulcanization speed during tire production.
- the content of the glycerol monostearate is 0.1 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. . If it is less than 0.1 part by mass, the effects of the present invention may not be obtained satisfactorily.
- the content is 3.5 parts by mass or less, preferably 3 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 2.5 parts by mass or less. If it exceeds 3.5 parts by mass, the scorch time tends to be too short.
- the content of the polyethylene glycol is 0.1 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If it is less than 0.1 part by mass, the effects of the present invention may not be obtained satisfactorily.
- the content is 3.5 parts by mass or less, preferably 3 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 2.5 parts by mass or less. If it exceeds 3.5 parts by mass, the scorch time tends to be too short.
- the rubber composition of the present invention can also contain a softening agent from the viewpoint of increasing the flexibility of the rubber and realizing better wet performance and ice performance.
- a softening agent from the viewpoint of increasing the flexibility of the rubber and realizing better wet performance and ice performance.
- the softener conventionally known ones can be used, and there is no particular limitation, but petroleum-based softeners such as aroma oil, paraffin oil, and naphthenic oil, palm oil, castor oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, and the like can be used. of vegetable softeners. At the time of use, one of these may be used singly or two or more may be appropriately selected and used.
- the softener When the softener is contained, from the viewpoint of ease of handling, among the above softeners, those that are liquid at room temperature such as 25 ° C., for example, petroleum softeners such as aroma oil, paraffin oil, naphthenic oil It is preferable to contain
- the rubber composition of the present invention can contain a resin in order to increase the flexibility of the rubber and achieve better wet performance and ice performance.
- a resin various natural resins and synthetic resins can be used. Specifically, rosin-based resins, terpene-based resins, petroleum-based resins, phenol-based resins, coal-based resins, xylene-based resins, etc. are used. preferably. These resins may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the method for producing the rubber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- each component mentioned above can be obtained by mix
- the tire of the present invention is characterized by using the rubber composition of the present invention described above in the tread portion.
- the rubber composition of the present invention can be used, for example, as a tire for construction vehicles, a tire for trucks and buses, a tire for aircraft, and a tire for passenger cars.
- a tire is preferred. This is because the vulcanized rubber composition used as the material for the tread has excellent performance on ice and wear resistance, and is highly advantageous when used as a passenger car tire, truck/bus tire, or light truck tire. be.
- the tire of the present invention is not particularly limited except that the rubber composition of the present invention described above is used in the tread portion of the tire, and can be produced by a conventional method.
- gas to be filled in the tire in addition to normal air or air with adjusted oxygen partial pressure, inert gas such as nitrogen, argon, and helium can be used.
- Examples 1-2, Comparative Examples 1-3 Rubber composition samples were prepared by blending and kneading in a conventional manner. Each sample obtained was vulcanized and then subjected to the following evaluations (1) to (3).
- Foaming rate (porosity) of vulcanized rubber After cutting each sample of the vulcanized rubber composition at an arbitrary point, the weight of each sample of the cut vulcanized rubber composition was measured using a dense electronic balance, and the difference from the theoretical weight ((theoretical specific gravity /measured specific gravity-1) ⁇ 100) was calculated as the foaming rate (porosity) (%). The foaming ratios obtained are shown in Table 1.
- styrene-butadiene rubber N,N-bis-(trimethylsilyl)-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane-modified SBR *2 Butadiene rubber: “UBEPOL BR150L” manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd. *3 Carbon black: SAF grade carbon black *4 Silica: manufactured by Tosoh Silica Industry Co., Ltd., trade name “Nipsil AQ” *5 Silane coupling agent: Bis(3-triethoxysilyl)propyl polysulfide, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- a vulcanized rubber composition having good performance on ice and excellent abrasion resistance. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a tire that is excellent in performance on ice and wear resistance.
Abstract
Description
特許文献1 には、特定のタイヤ加硫用金型を使用することにより、操縦安定性や耐摩耗性に優れたタイヤを提供する技術が開示されている。
上記構成を具えることによって、良好な氷上性能を有しつつ、優れた耐摩耗性を実現できる。
上記構成を具えることによって、優れた氷上性能及び耐摩耗性を実現できる。
<ゴム組成物>
本発明のゴム組成物は、天然ゴムを含有するゴム成分と、ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物と、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定したポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量が5,000以上40,000未満である液状ポリマーと、を含むゴム組成物である。
本発明のゴム組成物に含まれるゴム成分については、天然ゴム(NR)を少なくとも含有する。前記ゴム成分中に天然ゴムを含有することによって、後述するヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物とともに用いることで、優れた耐カット性や、補強性、耐摩耗性等を得ることができる。
例えば、優れた耐カット性や耐摩耗性を得ることができる点からは、前記ゴム成分は、ジエン系合成ゴムを含むことが好ましい。
このような官能基としては、例えば、アミノ基、イミノ基、アミド基、イソシアネート基、シリル基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシシリル基、エポキシ基、グリシジル基、カルボニル基、等が挙げられる。
なお、前記共役ジエン系重合体に特定の官能基を導入する方法については、特に限定はされず、要求された性能に応じて公知の方法に従って行うことができる。
そして、本発明のゴム組成物は、上述したゴム成分に加えて、ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物をさらに含む。
ゴム組成物中に含有されたヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物は、ゴム組成物の耐摩耗性や耐カット性を大きく向上させることができる。また、前記ゴム成分のゴム分子と後述する剤との相互作用を高めることによって、架橋後のゴムの物理的特性を均質化させることができる結果、補強性についても向上できる。
また、前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物は、ソルビトール等の化合物に比べて親水部位が少ないため、ゴム組成物中での自己凝集についても抑えることができる結果、加硫ゴム組成物の伸長疲労性についても良好に維持できる。
同様の観点から、前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物の含有量は、前記天然ゴム100質量部に対し0.1~3質量部であることがより好ましく、0.3~2.5質量部であることがさらに好ましい。
前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物は、他配合剤の界面活性剤として作用するものでなく、ゴム中に分散して耐摩耗性や耐カット性を向上させるものであり、界面活性剤とは区別される。
なお、式(1)中のAは、環部分から1番目の原子(即ち、環に結合している原子)、又は環部分から2番目の原子が酸素原子であることが好ましい。環部分から1番目の原子が酸素原子であるAとしては、例えば、-O-A’、-O-CO-A’’で表わされる基が挙げられ、また、環部分から2番目の原子が酸素原子であるAとしては、例えば、-CH2-O-A’’、-CH2-O-CO-A’’’で表わされる基が挙げられ、ここで、A’は炭素数6~30のヒドロカルビル基、A’’は炭素数5~29のヒドロカルビル基、A’’’は炭素数4~28のヒドロカルビル基であることが好ましく、また、A’、A’’及びA’’’は炭素数12~24のヒドロカルビル基であることがさらに好ましい。
なお、式(2)及び式(3)中、nは自然数であり、11~23の範囲であることが好ましい。
前記変性環状ポリオール化合物として、上記式(2)又は式(3)で表わされる化合物を配合することで、耐摩耗性をより向上させることができる。
また、これらの化合物の中でも、伸長疲労性及び耐カット性をより高いレベルで両立できる観点からは、前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物は、ソルビタンモノステアレート(ソルビタンモノエステル)であることが好ましい。
本発明のゴム組成物は、上述したゴム成分及び環状ポリオール化合物に加え、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定したポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量が5,000以上40,000未満である液状ポリマーをさらに含む。
前記液状ポリマーを含むことで、ゴム組成物全体としては柔軟性を確保でき、さらに、上述した環状ポリオール化合物や後述する充填剤とともに用いることで、氷上性能と耐摩耗性とを高いレベルで両立できる。
また、同様の観点から、前記液状ポリマーの含有量は、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対して3~30質量部であることがより好ましく、5~25質量部であることがさらに好ましく、7~20質量部であることが特に好ましい。
前記液状ポリマーの重量平均分子量が5,000未満であると、ゴム組成物から得られる加硫ゴム及びタイヤのトレッド部を過度に柔軟にし、耐摩耗性を損ねる可能性がある。前記液状ポリマーの重量平均分子量が40,000以上となると、柔軟性が失われ、ゴム組成物から得られる加硫ゴム及びトレッド部を供えたタイヤの氷上性能が損なわれる可能性がある。
また、同様の観点から、前記液状ポリマーの重量平均分子量は、5,500~30,000であることが好ましく、6,000~25,000であることがより好ましく、6,500~20,000であることがさらに好ましい。
同様の観点から、前記液状ポリマーは、共役ジエン化合物部分の結合スチレン量が5%以下であることがより好ましく、3%以下であることがさらに好ましく、0%であることが特に好ましい。
なお、前記液状ポリマーが未変性の重合体であることが好ましい理由としては、後述する充填剤との相互作用を持ちにくく、充填剤が天然ゴム相に含まれることを抑制し、氷上性を良好に維持できるためである。
前記単量体としての共役ジエン化合物としては、1,3-ブタジエン、イソプレン、1,3-ペンタジエン、2,3-ジメチルブタジエン、2-フェニル-1,3-ブタジエン、1,3-ヘキサジエン等が挙げられ、これらの中でも、1,3-ブタジエン及びイソプレンが好ましい。一方、単量体としての芳香族ビニル化合物としては、スチレン、p-メチルスチレン、m-メチルスチレン、p-tert-ブチルスチレン、α-メチルスチレン、クロロメチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン等が挙げられる。
前記液状ポリマーとしては、ポリブタジエン及びポリイソプレンのいずれか一方又は両方が好ましく、ポリブタジエンがより好ましい。なお、これら単量体は、単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
前記前記共役ジエン系重合体の合成に用いる重合開始剤としては、リチウム化合物が好ましく、n-ブチルチリウムがさらに好ましい。重合開始剤としてリチウム化合物を用いた場合、芳香族ビニル化合物と共役ジエン化合物とは、アニオン重合で重合される。
ここで、重合反応に不活性な炭化水素溶媒としては、プロパン、n-ブタン、イソブタン、n-ペンタン、イソペンタン、n-ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、プロペン、1-ブテン、イソブテン、トランス-2-ブテン、シス-2-ブテン、1-ペンテン、2-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、2-ヘキセン、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン等が挙げられる。これらは単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
ランダマイザーは、(共)重合体の共役ジエン化合物部分のミクロ構造を制御することができ、より具体的には、(共)重合体の共役ジエン化合物部分のビニル結合量を制御したり、共重合体中の共役ジエン化合物単位と芳香族ビニル化合物単位とをランダム化する等の作用を有する。
ランダマイザーとしては、ジメトキシベンゼン、テトラヒドロフラン、ジメトキシエタン、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジテトラヒドロフリルプロパン、トリエチルアミン、ピリジン、N-メチルモルホリン、N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルエチレンジアミン、1,2-ジピペリジノエタン、カリウム-t-アミレート、カリウム-t-ブトキシド、ナトリウム-t-アミレート等が挙げられる。これらランダマイザーの使用量は、重合開始剤1モル当り0.1~100モル当量の範囲が好ましい。
本発明のゴム組成物は、上述したゴム成分、環状ポリオール化合物及び液状ポリマーに加えシリカ及びカーボンブラックのうちの少なくとも一種を含有する充填剤をさらに含むことが好ましい。
シリカ及びカーボンブラックのうちの少なくとも一種を含む充填剤を前記ゴム成分とともに含むことによって、ゴム組成物の耐摩耗性や氷上性能等の特性をより高めることができる。
また、前記湿式シリカは、沈降シリカを用いることができる。なお、沈降シリカとは、製造初期に、反応溶液を比較的高温、中性~アルカリ性のpH領域で反応を進めてシリカ一次粒子を成長させ、その後酸性側へ制御することで、一次粒子を凝集させる結果得られるシリカのことである。
また、前記シリカのBET比表面積は、100m2/g以上、250m2/g以下とすることができる。なお、前記BET比表面積は、BET法により求めた比表面積のことであり、本発明では、ASTM D4820-93に準拠して測定することができる。
さらに、前記カーボンブラックについては、窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA、JIS K 6217-2:2001に準拠して測定する)が20~250m2/gのものを用いることができ、30~200m2/gのものを用いることができ、30~150m2/gのものを用いることができる。
また、前記カーボンブラックについては、ジブチルフタレート(DBP)吸油量(JIS K 6217-4:2001「DBP吸収量の求め方」に記載の方法により測定される)が、50~200cm3/100gのものを用いることができ、60~150cm3/100gのものを用いることができる。
前記シリカの含有量に対する前記カーボンブラックの含有質量比が、0.1以上であることで、より優れた耐摩耗性や補強性を得ることができ、前記シリカの含有量に対する前記カーボンブラックの含有質量比が、15以下であることで、低発熱性の悪化を招くことなく、より優れた耐カット性を得ることができる。
nM・xSiOy・zH2O ・・・ (XX)
[式中、Mは、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、チタン、カルシウム及びジルコニウムからなる群から選ばれる金属、これらの金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及びそれらの水和物、またはこれらの金属の炭酸塩から選ばれる少なくとも一種であり;n、x、y及びzは、それぞれ1~5の整数、0~10の整数、2~5の整数、及び0~10の整数である]で表される無機化合物を含むこともできる。
前記一般式(XX)の無機化合物としては、γ-アルミナ、α-アルミナ等のアルミナ(Al2O3)、ベーマイト、ダイアスポア等のアルミナ一水和物(Al2O3・H2O)、ギブサイト、バイヤライト等の水酸化アルミニウム[Al(OH)3]、炭酸アルミニウム[Al2(CO3)3]、水酸化マグネシウム[Mg(OH)2]、酸化マグネシウム(MgO)、炭酸マグネシウム(MgCO3)、タルク(3MgO・4SiO2・H2O)、アタパルジャイト(5MgO・8SiO2・9H2O)、チタン白(TiO2)、チタン黒(TiO2n-1)、酸化カルシウム(CaO)、水酸化カルシウム[Ca(OH)2]、酸化アルミニウムマグネシウム(MgO・Al2O3)、クレー(Al2O3・2SiO2)、カオリン(Al2O3・2SiO2・2H2O)、パイロフィライト(Al2O3・4SiO2・H2O)、ベントナイト(Al2O3・4SiO2・2H2O)、ケイ酸アルミニウム(Al2SiO5、Al4・3SiO4・5H2O等)、ケイ酸マグネシウム(Mg2SiO4、MgSiO3等)、ケイ酸カルシウム(Ca2SiO4等)、ケイ酸アルミニウムカルシウム(Al2O3・CaO・2SiO2等)、ケイ酸マグネシウムカルシウム(CaMgSiO4)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)、水酸化ジルコニウム[ZrO(OH)2・nH2O]、炭酸ジルコニウム[Zr(CO3)2]、各種ゼオライトのように、電荷を補正する水素、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属を含む結晶性アルミノケイ酸塩等を挙げることができる。
前記一般式(XX)の無機化合物は、耐摩耗性とウェット性能のバランスの観点から、平均粒径が0.01~10μmであることが好ましく、0.05~5μmであることがより好ましい。
また、本発明のゴム組成物は、空隙導入剤をさらに含むことが好ましい。ゴム組成物が空隙導入剤を含有することで、加硫ゴムが表面又は内部、あるいは表面及び内部に空隙を有するため、当該加硫ゴムを用いたタイヤは、柔軟性を有し、氷路面に密着し易くなると共に、タイヤ表面の空隙に、路面上の水が吸い込まれ、氷雪路面から水が排除され易いため、氷上ブレーキ制動性能を向上することができる。
また、空隙導入剤とヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物の含有割合は、特に限定されるものではないが、耐摩耗性や氷上性能を向上させる観点から、空隙導入剤とヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物との質量比(空隙導入剤/ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物)が好ましくは0.5~10、より好ましくは1~8、さらに好ましくは2~7、特に好ましくは3~7である。
本発明のゴム組成物が、前記空隙導入剤として発泡剤を含有することにより、ゴム組成物の加硫中に、発泡剤によって加硫ゴムに気泡が生じ、加硫ゴムを発泡ゴムとすることができる。発泡ゴムは柔軟性を有するため、加硫ゴムを用いたタイヤ表面は、氷路面に密着し易くなる。また、気泡により加硫ゴム表面及びタイヤ表面に気泡由来の穴(発泡孔)が生じ、水を排水する水路として機能する。
発泡剤としては、具体的には、例えば、アゾジカルボンアミド(ADCA)、ジニトロソペンタメチレンテトラミン(DPT)、ジニトロソペンタスチレンテトラミン、ベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド誘導体、p,p’-オキシビスベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド(OBSH)、炭酸アンモニウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム等の炭酸塩、重炭酸アンモニウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸カリウム等の重炭酸塩(炭酸水素塩)といった無機発泡剤、窒素を発生するニトロソスルホニルアゾ化合物、N,N’-ジメチル-N,N’-ジニトロソフタルアミド、トルエンスルホニルヒドラジド、p-トルエンスルホニルセミカルバジド、p,p’-オキシビスベンゼンスルホニルセミカルバジド等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、製造加工性の観点から、アゾジカルボンアミド(ADCA)、ジニトロソペンタメチレンテトラミン(DPT)、無機発泡剤を用いることが好ましい。これら発泡剤は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上組み合わせて用いてもよい。
ゴム組成物は、更に、発泡助剤として尿素、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ベンゼンスルフィン酸亜鉛、亜鉛華等を用いてもよい。これらは、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上組み合わせて用いてもよい。発泡助剤を併用することにより、発泡反応を促進して反応の完結度を高め、経時的に不要な劣化を抑制することができる。
本発明のゴム組成物が、前記空隙導入剤として硫酸金属塩を含有すると、ゴム組成物を加硫して得られるタイヤ表面から硫酸金属塩が突出し、研磨性であるという不利益なしでクロー(claw)機能を果す。その後、引続いて、ゴムマトリックスから硫酸金属塩が漸次退出することで空洞が生じ、氷表面の水膜を排出するための貯蔵容積および通路として機能する。これらの条件下においては、タイヤ表面(例えば、トレッドの表面)と氷との接触はもはや潤滑ではなく、従って、摩擦係数が改良される硫酸金属塩としては、硫酸マグネシウムが挙げられる。
平均粒度および中央値粒度が、1μm以上であることで、目標とする技術的効果(即ち、適切な微細粗さの形成)が得られ易い。また、平均粒度および中央値粒度が、1mm以下であることで、特にゴム組成物をトレッドとして使用する場合、審美性の低下を抑制し(トレッド表面上に明白過ぎる粒子が出現することを抑制することができる)、融氷上のグリップ性能を損ないにくい。
また、機械的篩分けによる粒度分析も、簡単に勝つ好ましく使用し得る;その操作は、規定量のサンプル(例えば、200g)を、振動テーブル上で、種々の篩直径により(例えば、1.26に等しい累進比に従い、1000、800、630、500、400、…100、80および63μmのメッシュにより)、30分間篩分けすることからなる;各篩において集めた超過サイズを精密天秤で秤量する;物質の総質量に対する各メッシュ直径における超過サイズの%を、その秤量から推定する;最後に、中央値粒度(または中央値直径)または平均粒度(または平均直径)を粒度分布のヒストグラムから既知の方法で算出する。
前記熱膨張性マイクロカプセルは、熱可塑性樹脂で形成された殻材中に、熱膨張性物質を内包した構成からなる。熱膨張性マイクロカプセルの殻材はニトリル系重合体により形成することができる。
またマイクロカプセルの殻材中に内包する熱膨張性物質は、熱によって気化または膨張する特性をもち、例えば、イソアルカン、ノルマルアルカン等の炭化水素からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類が例示される。イソアルカンとしては、イソブタン、イソペンタン、2-メチルペンタン、2-メチルヘキサン、2,2,4-トリメチルペンタン等を挙げることができ、ノルマルアルカンとしては、n-ブタン、n-プロパン、n-ヘキサン、n-ヘプタン、n-オクタン等を挙げることができる。これらの炭化水素は、それぞれ単独で使用しても複数を組み合わせて使用してもよい。熱膨張性物質の好ましい形態としては、常温で液体の炭化水素に、常温で気体の炭化水素を溶解させたものがよい。このような炭化水素の混合物を使用することにより、未加硫タイヤの加硫成形温度域(150℃~190℃)において、低温領域から高温領域にかけて十分な膨張力を得ることができる。
本発明のゴム組成物が、前記空隙導入剤として多孔性セルロース粒子を含有すると、ゴム組成物を加硫して得られるタイヤ表面に多孔性セルロース粒子が露出している場合、氷雪路面上の水が多孔性セルロース粒子に吸収され、タイヤと路面との間の水を除去することができる。また、多糖類であるセルロースの存在により、タイヤと氷雪路面上の水との相互作用が生じるため、変性ポリオキシアルキレングリコールによるタイヤと水との相互作用をより高めることもできる。
なお、前記多孔質セルロース粒子の空隙率は、一定質量の試料(即ち、多孔質セルロース粒子)の体積をメスシリンダーで測定し、嵩比重を求めて、下記式から求めることができる。
空隙率[%]={1-(試料の嵩比重[g/ml])/(試料の真比重[g/ml])}×100
ここで、セルロースの真比重は1.5である。
多孔質セルロース粒子のゴム組成物中の含有量は、ゴム成分100質量部に対し、0.3~20質量部であることが好ましい。含有量が0.3質量部以上であることにより、氷上性能の向上効果を高めることができ、また、20質量部以下であることにより、ゴム硬度が高くなりすぎるのを抑えることができ、耐摩耗性の低下を抑制することができる。多孔質セルロース粒子の含有量は、より好ましくは1~15重量部であり、更に好ましくは3~15質量部である。
本発明のゴム組成物が、前記空隙導入剤としてリグニン誘導体を含有すると、氷上性能の向上効果を高めることができる。
ここで、前記リグニン誘導体としては、リグニンスルホン酸塩が好ましく用いられる。リグニンスルホン酸塩としては、リグニンスルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩、アンモニウム塩、アルコールアミン塩等が挙げられ、これらの少なくとも一種を含んで使用することができる。好ましくは、リグニンスルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩及び/又はアルカリ土類金属塩であり、例えば、カリウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩、リチウム塩、バリウム塩などが挙げられ、これらの混合塩でもよい。
さらに、本発明のゴム組成物が、前記空隙導入剤として発泡剤を含む場合には、発泡助剤をさらに含むことが好ましい。前記発泡助剤としては、尿素、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ベンゼンスルフィン酸亜鉛、亜鉛華等が例示される。これらは、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上組み合わせて用いてもよい。
前記発泡助剤を併用することにより、発泡反応を促進して反応の完結度を高め、経時的に不要な劣化を抑制することが可能となる。
上記のように発泡率の低下を抑える観点から、前記発泡剤と前記発泡助剤との総含有量は、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対して、3質量部以上が好ましく、5質量部以上がさらに好ましい。また、上記のように発泡率の低下を抑える観点から、前記発泡剤と前記発泡助剤との総含有量は、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対して、25質量部以下が好ましく、20質量部以下がさらに好ましい。
上記のように発泡率の低下を抑える観点から、前記発泡剤と前記発泡助剤との質量比(発泡剤:発泡助剤)は、1:1.2以上が好ましく、1:1.3以上がさらに好ましい。また、上記のように発泡率の低下を抑える観点から、前記発泡剤と前記発泡助剤との質量比(発泡剤:発泡助剤)は、1:3.2以下が好ましく、1:3.1以下がより好ましく、1:2.9以下がさらに好ましく、1:2.7以下がより一層好ましく、1:2.5以下がさらに一層好ましく、1:2.3以下が特に好ましい。
本発明のゴム組成物は、必要に応じて、有機酸を含んでいてもよい。この場合、該有機酸のSP値が、9.15~16.0(cal/cm3)1/2であることが好ましい。該有機酸は、前記ゴム組成物の加硫時に、前記発泡剤の分解・発泡反応の速度と、ゴム組成物の加硫反応の速度と、をバランスさせて、加硫ゴムの発泡率を向上させる作用を有する。そのため、前記有機酸をゴム組成物に配合することで、ゴム組成物の作業性を良好に維持しつつ、前記発泡剤の分解・発泡反応を促進して、分解・発泡反応の速度と、ゴム組成物の加硫反応の速度とをバランスさせて、加硫ゴムの発泡率を向上させることができ、そのゴム組成物をタイヤに適用することで、タイヤの氷上性能を向上させることができる。
前記有機酸のSP値が9.15(cal/cm3)1/2未満であると、前記発泡剤の分解を十分に促進できないおそれがあり、また、有機酸のSP値が16.0(cal/cm3)1/2を超えると、有機酸を含むゴム組成物の密着性が高くなり、ゴム組成物の製造時において、ゴム組成物がロール等の製造設備に密着してしまい、ゴム組成物の作業性が悪化するおそれがある。
前記ゴム組成物の加硫助剤として汎用のステアリン酸については、SP値が9.12(cal/cm3)1/2であり、前記発泡剤の分解を促進する効果が低い。
なお、本明細書において、有機酸のSP値(溶解度パラメータ)は、Fedors法に従って、算出する。
前記有機酸としては、芳香環を有するもの(芳香族)が好ましく、また、モノカルボン酸が好ましい。前記有機酸が、芳香環を有する場合、ゴム組成物の密着性をさらに低減でき、ゴム組成物の作業性がさらに向上し、ロール等の製造設備に更に密着し難くなる。
前記脂肪族ジカルボン酸としては、シュウ酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ピメリン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸等が挙げられる。
前記芳香族モノカルボン酸としては、安息香酸、サリチル酸等が挙げられる。
前記芳香族ジカルボン酸として、フタル酸等が挙げられる。
また、カルボキシル基以外の官能基を有する有機酸としては、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、マレイン酸、グリコール酸、α-ケトグルタル酸等が挙げられる。
前記有機酸は、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて使用してもよい。
また、前記発泡剤と前記有機酸との合計含有量は、加硫ゴムの発泡率及びタイヤの氷上性能の観点から、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対して、3質量部以上15質量部未満であることが好ましく、5質量部以上15質量部未満の範囲が更に好ましく、7質量部以上15質量部未満の範囲がより一層好ましい。
さらに、前記発泡剤と前記有機酸との質量比(発泡剤:有機酸)は、加硫ゴムの発泡率及びタイヤの氷上性能の観点から、1:0.5~1:1.5の範囲であることが好ましく、1:0.7~1:1.3の範囲であることがより好ましい。
本発明のゴム組成物は、上述したゴム成分、環状ポリオール化合物及び液状ポリマー、任意成分としての、充填剤、空隙導入剤及び発泡助剤に加え、複合繊維を含有することが好ましい。
前記複合繊維を含有することにより、水との親和性を充分に確保することができ、特にタイヤ用途に使用する際に、優れた排水性や氷上性能を付与することができる。
また、前記複合繊維は、表面に被覆層が形成された親水性樹脂からなることが好ましい。複合繊維の表面に被覆層を設けることにより、ゴム組成物中での複合繊維の分散性が良好となるためである。
なお、前記親水性樹脂は、水に不溶であることが好ましく、水に不溶な親水性樹脂を採用することにより、製品(例えばタイヤ)の表面に複合繊維が露出した際にも、複合繊維の溶解を抑制できる。
前記親水性樹脂として、より具体的には、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、ビニルアルコール単独重合体、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸樹脂或いはそのエステル樹脂(以下、(メタ)アクリル酸に由来する構成単位を含む共重合体及び(メタ)アクリル酸エステルに由来する構成単位を含む(共)重合体を、総称して(メタ)アクリル系樹脂ともいう。)、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエチレングリコール樹脂、カルボキシビニル共重合体、スチレン-マレイン酸共重合体、ポリビニルピロリドン樹脂、ビニルピロリドン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリエステル樹脂、セルロース系樹脂等が挙げられる。これら中でも、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、ビニルアルコール単独重合体、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、脂肪族ポリアミド系樹脂、芳香族ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、セルロース系樹脂、又は(メタ)アクリル系樹脂が好ましく、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体がより好ましい。
なお、前記被覆層の厚みは、前記親水性樹脂の配合量や前記複合繊維の平均径等によって変動し得るが、好ましくは0.001~10μm、より好ましくは0.001~5μmである。上記範囲の厚みで被覆層を形成することにより、本発明における所望の効果を充分に発揮することができる。また、前記被覆層は、親水性樹脂の全表面にわたって形成されていてもよく、親水性樹脂の一部の表面に形成されていてもよく、具体的には、少なくとも親水性樹脂全表面積の50%を占める割合で被覆層が形成されていることが好ましい。
これらの中でも、前記ポリオレフィン系樹脂は、ポリエチレン系樹脂、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、ポリオレフィンアイオノマー、無水マレイン酸変性α-ポリオレフィンが好適である。ポリオレフィンアイオノマーや無水マレイン酸変性α-ポリオレフィンを用いた場合、親水性樹脂の水酸基とも接着するため、ゴム強度をより向上させることが可能となる。
また、複合繊維とヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物の含有割合は、特に限定されるものではないが、耐摩耗性や氷上性能を向上させる観点から、複合繊維とヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物との質量比(複合繊維/ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物)が、好ましくは0.1~10、より好ましくは0.5~8、さらに好ましくは1~6、特に好ましくは1.5~5である。
さらにまた、複合繊維と空隙導入剤の含有割合は、特に限定されるものではないが、耐摩耗性や氷上性能を両立・向上させる観点から、複合繊維と空隙導入剤との質量比(空隙導入剤/複合繊維)が好ましくは0.5~10、より好ましくは1~8、更に好ましくは1.5~7、特に好ましくは2~6である。
前記空隙の平均径については、前記加硫ゴム組成物中に存在する空隙20の径Dの平均値である。本発明では、デジタルマイクロスコープ(株式会社キーエンス製 「VHX-100」)によって、加硫ゴム組成物の断面を観察し、一つの視野(2.5mm×2.5mm)に存在する全ての空隙の径の平均値としている。なお、本発明の加硫ゴム組成物では、前記空隙の形状や大きさが、一つの加硫ゴム組成物の中で大きく変わることがないため、一視野における空隙の平均値を、空隙の平均径とすることができる。
ここで、前記空隙率は、本発明の加硫ゴム組成物における前記空隙の体積の割合(体積%)のことである。前記空隙率の測定方法については、特に限定はされず、例えば、比重計(新光電子株式会社製ViBRA比重計「DMA-220」)等を用いて測定できる。
なお、空隙率は、加硫条件の変更や、発泡剤、複合繊維等の空隙導入剤の含有量によって制御することが可能である。
本発明のゴム組成物は、上述した各成分の他に、ゴム工業界で通常使用される配合剤をその他の成分として含むことができる。その他の成分については、例えば、シランカップリング剤、架橋剤、加硫促進剤、ポリエチレングリコール、軟化剤、樹脂、老化防止剤、亜鉛華等を、本発明の目的を害しない範囲内で適宜選択して含むことができる。これら配合剤としては、市販品を好適に使用することができる。
具体的には、N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、 N-イソプロピル-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N,N’-ジフェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N,N’-ジ-2-ナフチル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N-シクロヘキシル-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N,N’-ビス(1-メチルヘプチル)-p-フェニレンジアミン、N,N’-ビス(1,4-ジメチルペンチル)-p-フェニレンジアミン 、N,N’-ジシクロヘキシル-p-フェニレンジアミン 、N,N’-ビス(1-エチル-3-メチルペンチル)-p-フェニレンジアミン、N-4-メチル-2-ペンチル-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N,N’-ジアリール-p-フェニレンジアミン、ヒンダードジアリール-p-フェニレンジアミン、フェニルヘキシル-p-フェニレンジアミン、フェニルオクチル-p-フェニレンジアミン等が挙げられる。
なお、R1及びR2で表される一価の飽和炭化水素基は、同一であっても異なっていてもよいが、合成上の観点から、同一であることが好ましい。
さらに、上記一般式(1)中のR1及びR2は、ゴム組成物の耐オゾン性をさらに向上させる観点から、それぞれ独立して炭素数1~20の鎖状又は環状の一価の飽和炭化水素基であることが好ましい。
前記アルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、n-ペンチル基、ネオペンチル基、1-メチルペンチル基、2-メチルペンチル基、3-メチルペンチル基、4-メチルペンチル基、1,2-ジメチルペンチル基、1,3-ジメチルペンチル基、1,4-ジメチルペンチル基、2,3-ジメチルペンチル基、2,4-ジメチルペンチル基、3,4-ジメチルペンチル基、n-ヘキシル基、1-メチルヘキシル基、2-メチルヘキシル基、各種オクチル基、各種デシル基、各種ドデシル基等が挙げられ、これらの中でも、1,4-ジメチルペンチル基が好ましい。
前記シクロアルキル基としては、例えば、シクロペンチル基、メチルシクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、メチルシクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基、シクロオクチル基等が挙げられ、これらの中でも、シクロヘキシル基が好ましい。
また、上記一般式(1)で表されるアミン系老化防止剤は、ゴム成分とともにマスターバッチを構成してもよい。ここで、マスターバッチとする際に用いるゴム成分は、特に限定されるものではなく、天然ゴム(NR)等のジエン系ゴムでもよいし、エチレン-プロピレン-ジエンゴム(EPDM)等であってもよい。
さらに、式(1)で表されるアミン系老化防止剤は、有機酸との塩として用いることもできる。ここで、塩とする際に用いる有機酸としては、特に限定されるものではないが、ステアリン酸等が挙げられる。
以上の老化防止剤は、単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用することもできる。
そして、前記老化防止剤は、上述した中でも、アミン系老化防止剤及びキノリン系老化防止剤からなる群より選択される1つ以上を含むことが好ましく、アミン系老化防止剤を少なくとも含むことがより好ましい。
前記シランカップリング剤としては、例えば、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ポリスルフィド、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)トリスルフィド、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2-トリエトキシシリルエチル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(2-トリメトキシシリルエチル)テトラスルフィド、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルトリエトキシシラン、2-メルカプトエチルトリメトキシシラン、2-メルカプトエチルトリエトキシシラン、3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル-N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイルテトラスルフィド、3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル-N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイルテトラスルフィド、2-トリエトキシシリルエチル-N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイルテトラスルフィド、3-トリメトキシシリルプロピルベンゾチアゾリルテトラスルフィド、3-トリエトキシシリルプロピルベンゾチアゾリルテトラスルフィド、3-トリエトキシシリルプロピルメタクリレートモノスルフィド、3-トリメトキシシリルプロピルメタクリレートモノスルフィド、ビス(3-ジエトキシメチルシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、3-メルカプトプロピルジメトキシメチルシラン、ジメトキシメチルシリルプロピル-N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイルテトラスルフィド、ジメトキシメチルシリルプロピルベンゾチアゾリルテトラスルフィド等が挙げられる。これらシランカップリング剤は、1種単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
前記架橋剤の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対し、0.1~20質量部であることが好ましい。
前記軟化剤を含有する場合には、取り扱い容易性の観点から、上述した軟化剤中でも、25℃等の常温で液体であるもの、例えば、アロマオイル、パラフィンオイル、ナフテンオイル等の石油系軟化剤を含有することが好ましい。
本発明のタイヤは、上述した本発明のゴム組成物を、トレッド部に用いたことを特徴とする。前記ゴム組成物をトレッド部に適用することで、氷上性能を良好に維持しつつ、優れた耐摩耗性を実現できる。
ここで、本発明のタイヤは、例えば、建設車両用タイヤ、トラック・バス用タイヤ、航空機用タイヤ、乗用車用タイヤとして用いることができ、特に、乗用車用タイヤ、トラック・バス用タイヤ又はライトトラック用タイヤであることが好ましい。トレッド部の材料として用いている加硫ゴム組成物は、氷上性能及び耐摩耗性に優れており、乗用車用タイヤ、トラック・バス用タイヤ又はライトトラック用タイヤとして使用した際のメリットが大きいためである。
特開2016-203842号公報、特開2009-196527号公報、特開2000-225815号公報、特開2000-264019号公報、特開2003-211921号公報、国際公開第2014/196409号
表1に示す配合に従って、常法で配合・混練することで、ゴム組成物のサンプルを調製した。
なお、得られた各サンプルについては、加硫処理を施した後、以下の評価(1)~(3)を実施した。
(1)加硫ゴムの発泡率(空隙率)
加硫ゴム組成物の各サンプルについて、任意の箇所で切断した後、切断した加硫ゴム組成物の各サンプルについて、密電子天秤を用いて重量を測定し、理論重量との差異((理論比重/測定比重-1)×100)を発泡率(空隙率)(%)として算出した。得られた発泡率は、表1に示す。
加硫ゴム組成物の各サンプルについて、JIS K 7218:1986の滑り摩耗試験のB法に準じて、摩耗量を測定した。なお、測定温度は室温(23℃)、荷重は16Nとした。
評価は、摩耗量の逆数を算出し、比較例1の加硫ゴムの摩耗量の逆数を100としたときの指数として表示した。指数値が大きい程、摩耗量が少なく、耐摩耗性が良好であることを示す。評価結果を表1に示す。
加硫ゴム組成物の各サンプルについて、直径50mm、厚さ10mmの試験片に成形した後、固定した氷上に押しつけて回転させるときに発生する摩擦力をロードセルで検出し、動摩擦係数μを算出した。なお、測定温度は-2℃、面圧は12kgf/cm2、サンプル回転周速度は20cm/secとした。
評価は、比較例1の動摩擦係数μを100としたときの指数として表示した。指数値が大きい程、動摩擦係数μが大きく、氷上性能が良好であることを示す。評価結果を表1に示す。
*2 ブタジエンゴム: 宇部興産社製、「UBEPOL BR150L」
*3 カーボンブラック: SAF級カーボンブラック
*4 シリカ: 東ソー・シリカ工業社製、商品名「Nipsil AQ」
*5 シランカップリング剤: ビス(3-トリエトキシシリル)プロピルポリスルフィド、信越化学工業株式会社製
*6 発泡剤: ジニトロソペンタメチレンテトラミン、永和化成工業株式会社製、「セルラーZ-K」
*7 短繊維: 以下の方法で作製した親水性短繊維
特開2012-219245号公報に開示の製造例3に従い、二軸押出機を2台用い、ホッパーにポリエチレン[日本ポリエチレン製、ノバテックHJ360(MFR5.5、融点132℃)]40質量部と、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体[クラレ製、エバールF104B(MFR4.4、融点183℃)]40質量部とを投入し、ダイ出口から各々同時に押し出して、常法に従って得られた繊維を長さ2mmにカットして、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体からなるコアの表面にポリエチレンからなる被覆層が形成された親水性短繊維を作製した。
*8 ソルビタン:ソルビタンモノステアレート、株式会社花王製、「レオドールAS-10V」、水酸基数3
*9 ソルビトール:関東化学株式会社製、水酸基数6
*10 液状ポリマー:ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定したポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量 7000、共役ジエン化合物部分のビニル結合量が50%の液状ポリブタジエン
*11 老化防止剤:N-フェニル-N’-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-p-フェニレンジアミン、大内新興化学工業株式会社製、商品名「ノクラック6C」
なお、表1では、記載の配合成分以外に、樹脂、オイル、ステアリン酸、亜鉛華を各実施例・比較例で同量含む。
また、加硫促進剤の配合量は、複数種の加硫促進剤の合計配合量を記載した。
Claims (18)
- 天然ゴムを含有するゴム成分と、ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物と、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定したポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量が5,000以上40,000未満である液状ポリマーと、を含むことを特徴とする、ゴム組成物。
- 前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物が、ヒドロカルビルエステル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物が、2つ以上の水酸基を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物は、式(1)中のAのヒドロカルビル基部分の炭素数が12~24であることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物の融点が、40~100℃であることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記ヒドロカルビル基を有する環状ポリオール化合物の含有量が、前記天然ゴム100質量部に対して0.1~5質量部であることを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記液状ポリマーは、結合スチレン量が10%未満で且つ共役ジエン化合物部分のビニル結合量が20%以上である未変性の共役ジエン系重合体であることを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記液状ポリマーの共役ジエン化合物部分のビニル結合量が70%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記液状ポリマーの共役ジエン化合物部分のビニル結合量が45%以上、55%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記液状ポリマーが未変性のポリブタジエンであることを特徴とする、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- シリカ及びカーボンブラックのうちの少なくとも一種を含有する充填剤をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記ゴム成分が、官能基を有する共役ジエン系重合体をさらに含有することを特徴とする、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- さらに空隙導入剤を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記空隙導入剤が、発泡剤、硫酸金属塩、熱膨張性マイクロカプセル、多孔質セルロース及びリグニン誘導体からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種であることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の加硫ゴム組成物。
- 複合繊維をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- 請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物を、トレッド部に用いたことを特徴とする、タイヤ。
- 前記タイヤは、乗用車用タイヤ、トラック・バス用タイヤ又はライトトラック用タイヤであることを特徴とする、請求項17に記載のタイヤ。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2023525359A JPWO2022254750A1 (ja) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-12-01 | |
CN202180098540.6A CN117355568A (zh) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-12-01 | 橡胶组合物和轮胎 |
EP21944242.3A EP4349901A1 (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-12-01 | Rubber composition and tire |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021-091901 | 2021-05-31 | ||
JP2021091901 | 2021-05-31 | ||
JP2021-179024 | 2021-11-01 | ||
JP2021179024 | 2021-11-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022254750A1 true WO2022254750A1 (ja) | 2022-12-08 |
Family
ID=84324062
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2021/044164 WO2022254750A1 (ja) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-12-01 | ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4349901A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2022254750A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2022254750A1 (ja) |
Citations (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09194640A (ja) * | 1996-01-18 | 1997-07-29 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物 |
JP2000225815A (ja) | 1999-02-09 | 2000-08-15 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2000264019A (ja) | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-26 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2001323095A (ja) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-20 | Rengo Co Ltd | 多孔性セルロース粒子、機能性粒子及びこれらを用いた化粧品 |
JP2003211921A (ja) | 2002-01-25 | 2003-07-30 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2004115284A (ja) | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-15 | Rengo Co Ltd | セラミックス多孔化材及びこれを用いたセラミックスの多孔化方法 |
JP2009196527A (ja) | 2008-02-22 | 2009-09-03 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2010215854A (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ |
JP2011184634A (ja) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-22 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | タイヤベーストレッド用ゴム組成物 |
JP2012219245A (ja) | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-12 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物、加硫ゴム、及びそれらを用いたタイヤ |
JP2014172379A (ja) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-22 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | タイヤ加硫用金型、タイヤ加硫方法および空気入りタイヤ |
WO2014196409A1 (ja) | 2013-06-05 | 2014-12-11 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤ |
JP2016203842A (ja) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-12-08 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤ |
JP2017002152A (ja) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-01-05 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | スチールコード被覆用ゴム組成物、スチールコード−ゴム複合体及びタイヤ |
JP2017203118A (ja) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム、タイヤ及びゴム物品 |
JP2019001845A (ja) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-01-10 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | トレッド用ゴム組成物、トレッド部材、およびタイヤ |
WO2019216110A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 加硫ゴム組成物、タイヤトレッド及びタイヤ |
WO2019216109A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 加硫ゴム組成物、タイヤトレッド及びタイヤ |
JP2020019862A (ja) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、加硫ゴム及び空気入りタイヤ |
WO2020100628A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、加硫ゴム及びタイヤ |
WO2020100627A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、加硫ゴム及びタイヤ |
-
2021
- 2021-12-01 JP JP2023525359A patent/JPWO2022254750A1/ja active Pending
- 2021-12-01 WO PCT/JP2021/044164 patent/WO2022254750A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-12-01 EP EP21944242.3A patent/EP4349901A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09194640A (ja) * | 1996-01-18 | 1997-07-29 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物 |
JP2000225815A (ja) | 1999-02-09 | 2000-08-15 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2000264019A (ja) | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-26 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2001323095A (ja) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-20 | Rengo Co Ltd | 多孔性セルロース粒子、機能性粒子及びこれらを用いた化粧品 |
JP2003211921A (ja) | 2002-01-25 | 2003-07-30 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2004115284A (ja) | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-15 | Rengo Co Ltd | セラミックス多孔化材及びこれを用いたセラミックスの多孔化方法 |
JP2009196527A (ja) | 2008-02-22 | 2009-09-03 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2010215854A (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ |
JP2011184634A (ja) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-22 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | タイヤベーストレッド用ゴム組成物 |
JP2012219245A (ja) | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-12 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物、加硫ゴム、及びそれらを用いたタイヤ |
JP2014172379A (ja) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-22 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | タイヤ加硫用金型、タイヤ加硫方法および空気入りタイヤ |
WO2014196409A1 (ja) | 2013-06-05 | 2014-12-11 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤ |
JP2016203842A (ja) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-12-08 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤ |
JP2017002152A (ja) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-01-05 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | スチールコード被覆用ゴム組成物、スチールコード−ゴム複合体及びタイヤ |
JP2017203118A (ja) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム、タイヤ及びゴム物品 |
JP2019001845A (ja) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-01-10 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | トレッド用ゴム組成物、トレッド部材、およびタイヤ |
WO2019216110A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 加硫ゴム組成物、タイヤトレッド及びタイヤ |
WO2019216109A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 加硫ゴム組成物、タイヤトレッド及びタイヤ |
JP2020019862A (ja) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、加硫ゴム及び空気入りタイヤ |
WO2020100628A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、加硫ゴム及びタイヤ |
WO2020100627A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、加硫ゴム及びタイヤ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2022254750A1 (ja) | 2022-12-08 |
EP4349901A1 (en) | 2024-04-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5549469B2 (ja) | ゴム組成物およびこれを用いる空気入りタイヤ | |
JP5571921B2 (ja) | スノータイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りスノータイヤ | |
JP2006274051A (ja) | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いたスタッドレスタイヤ | |
JP2006249230A (ja) | トレッド用ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ | |
JP6097750B2 (ja) | タイヤ | |
CN113939559A (zh) | 轮胎 | |
JP5237545B2 (ja) | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ | |
JP5259049B2 (ja) | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いたスタッドレスタイヤ | |
JP2008143953A (ja) | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ | |
WO2006057143A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ | |
JP6339586B2 (ja) | 熱発泡性ゴム組成物を含むトレッドを有する車両用タイヤ | |
JP2005023219A (ja) | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ | |
WO2022254750A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
WO2022254749A1 (ja) | 加硫ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
JP6705159B2 (ja) | タイヤ用ゴム組成物、タイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法および空気入りタイヤ | |
WO2022270122A1 (ja) | 加硫ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
CN117355568A (zh) | 橡胶组合物和轮胎 | |
WO2022254751A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
JP2004010689A (ja) | タイヤ | |
JP2005194418A (ja) | 空気入りタイヤ用ゴム組成物 | |
JP2023183856A (ja) | タイヤ用加硫ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
WO2023243129A1 (ja) | タイヤ用ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
WO2024005029A1 (ja) | タイヤ用加硫ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
JP7483587B2 (ja) | タイヤ用ゴム組成物、トレッドゴム及び冬用タイヤ | |
JP2011063705A (ja) | タイヤ用ゴム組成物およびそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21944242 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2023525359 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18562444 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2021944242 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2021944242 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20240102 |