WO2022208978A1 - リチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022208978A1 WO2022208978A1 PCT/JP2021/041878 JP2021041878W WO2022208978A1 WO 2022208978 A1 WO2022208978 A1 WO 2022208978A1 JP 2021041878 W JP2021041878 W JP 2021041878W WO 2022208978 A1 WO2022208978 A1 WO 2022208978A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous
- negative electrode
- positive electrode
- lithium
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
Links
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 84
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
- -1 transition metal sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000000614 phase inversion technique Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229940052303 ethers for general anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- PMGBATZKLCISOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(F)(F)F PMGBATZKLCISOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 4
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylfuran Chemical compound CC1=CC=CO1 VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMHDGJOMLMDPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2,2'-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1O IMHDGJOMLMDPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZIRAMZRKLHPLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium fluorosulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[Li+] ZIRAMZRKLHPLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOYSIZKQWJYULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoro-n-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)ethanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F DOYSIZKQWJYULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCBRSIIGBBDDCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)COC(F)(F)C(F)F HCBRSIIGBBDDCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Epoxybutane Chemical compound CCC1CO1 RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCOC1 VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-cineole Natural products C1CC2CCC1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDXHBFHOEYVPED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-butoxyethoxy)butane Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCCC GDXHBFHOEYVPED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UALKQROXOHJHFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 UALKQROXOHJHFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexoxyhexane Chemical compound CCCCCCOCCCCCC BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNDXPKDBFOOQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]morpholine Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C1N1CCOCC1 UNDXPKDBFOOQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBUOHGKIOVRDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound CC1COCO1 SBUOHGKIOVRDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUPLCMMXKFWTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-1,3-dioxetan-2-one Chemical compound C=C1OC(=O)O1 BUPLCMMXKFWTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001558 CF3SO3Li Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018871 CoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-WAAGHKOSSA-N Eucalyptol Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2CC[C@]1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-WAAGHKOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSMFFFUWSMZAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Eukalyptol Natural products C1CC2CCC1(C)COCC2(C)C PSMFFFUWSMZAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGMPISPXDJJENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[C](S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[C](S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F GGMPISPXDJJENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009728 Li2FeP2O7 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001357 Li2MPO4F Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001305 LiMPO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015608 LiNi0.82Co0.15Al0.03O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017205 LixMn2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015329 LixMn2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016138 LixNi1 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNXNRQAXFTTXFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=S([C](S(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(=O)=O)S(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(=O)=O)(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)=O Chemical compound O=S([C](S(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(=O)=O)S(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(=O)=O)(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)=O LNXNRQAXFTTXFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Fe] Chemical compound [Li].[Fe] QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si] Chemical compound [Li].[Si] ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWBXDCPGSHVVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP(=O)([O-])O.[Fe+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP(=O)([O-])O.[Fe+2].[Li+] PWBXDCPGSHVVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- YFNONBGXNFCTMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxybenzene Chemical compound CCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 YFNONBGXNFCTMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RFFOTVCVTJUTAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cineole Natural products C1CC2(C)CCC1(C(C)C)O2 RFFOTVCVTJUTAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001337 iron nitride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 1
- JWZCKIBZGMIRSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Pb] JWZCKIBZGMIRSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium sulfide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[S-2] GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIDWHMKSOZZDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium tin Chemical compound [Li].[Sn] UIDWHMKSOZZDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMKJCPUVEMZGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JMKJCPUVEMZGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAIQPNJLRLFLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-fluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)F MHAIQPNJLRLFLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(C)C RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-fluorosulfonylsulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)NS(F)(=O)=O KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRNGUTKWMSBIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(O)C(O)=CC2=C1 JRNGUTKWMSBIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HPUOAJPGWQQRNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentoxybenzene Chemical compound CCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 HPUOAJPGWQQRNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDCRNXMZSKCKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(4-bromoanilino)piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCC1NC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZDCRNXMZSKCKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical class COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBYFNZOIUUXJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetralithium oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O RBYFNZOIUUXJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/426—Fluorocarbon polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
- H01M2300/0091—Composites in the form of mixtures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to lithium ion secondary batteries.
- a lithium-ion secondary battery As a high-power, high-energy-density secondary battery, a lithium-ion secondary battery is widely used that includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution, and charges and discharges by moving lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- Conventional secondary batteries use organic solvent-based electrolytes to achieve high energy density.
- organic solvents are generally flammable, and ensuring safety is an important issue.
- Another problem is that the ionic conductivity of organic solvents is lower than that of aqueous solutions, resulting in insufficient rapid charge/discharge characteristics.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a lithium ion secondary battery using an aqueous solution containing a high-concentration alkali salt as an aqueous liquid electrolyte.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a negative electrode filled with a non-aqueous solid electrolyte, a positive electrode, a separator disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode and filled with the non-aqueous solid electrolyte, and a lithium containing an aqueous liquid electrolyte An ion secondary battery has been proposed.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a nonporous solid electrolyte membrane by a phase inversion method using a poor solvent.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a lithium-ion secondary battery capable of suppressing a decrease in capacity due to charge-discharge cycles while using an aqueous electrolyte.
- One aspect of the present disclosure includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, an aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, and a partition layer disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode,
- the aqueous electrolyte is in contact with only the positive electrode out of the negative electrode and the positive electrode
- the non-aqueous electrolyte is in contact with at least the negative electrode out of the negative electrode and the positive electrode
- the partition layer is Lithium comprising a non-aqueous solid electrolyte A in which a matrix polymer and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution are combined, wherein the matrix polymer comprises a copolymer of acrylonitrile and at least one of methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate. It is an ion secondary battery.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a lithium-ion secondary battery of this embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present embodiment
- a lithium ion secondary battery includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, an aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, and a partition wall disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. and a layer, wherein the aqueous electrolyte is in contact only with the positive electrode out of the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and the non-aqueous electrolyte is in contact with at least the negative electrode out of the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
- the partition wall layer includes a non-aqueous solid electrolyte A in which a matrix polymer and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution are combined, and the matrix polymer comprises at least one of methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate and acrylonitrile.
- the lithium-ion secondary battery that is one embodiment of the present disclosure, a decrease in capacity due to charge-discharge cycles can be suppressed. Although the mechanism of this effect is not sufficiently clear, the following is presumed.
- a non-aqueous solid electrolyte A in which a matrix polymer and a non-aqueous electrolyte are combined, and the matrix polymer is at least one of methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the lithium ion secondary battery of this embodiment.
- the lithium ion secondary battery 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a positive electrode 10, a negative electrode 12, a partition wall layer 14, an aqueous electrolyte 16, a non-aqueous electrolyte 18, a positive electrode lead 20, a negative electrode lead 22, and a battery case 24 that houses them. be done.
- the positive electrode 10 has a positive electrode current collector 26 and a positive electrode mixture layer 28 arranged on the positive electrode current collector 26 .
- a positive electrode lead 20 is connected to the positive electrode current collector 26 .
- the positive electrode lead 20 is housed in the battery case 24 so that the tip of the positive electrode lead 20 protrudes outside the battery case 24 .
- the negative electrode 12 has a negative electrode current collector 30 and a negative electrode mixture layer 32 disposed on the negative electrode current collector 30 .
- a negative electrode lead 22 is connected to the negative electrode current collector 30 .
- the negative electrode lead 22 is accommodated in the battery case 24 so that the tip of the negative electrode lead 22 protrudes outside the battery case 24 .
- the aqueous electrolyte 16 is, for example, impregnated in the positive electrode mixture layer 28 and contacts only the positive electrode 10 of the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 12 .
- the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 is, for example, impregnated in the negative electrode mixture layer 32 and is in contact with the negative electrode 12 .
- the nonaqueous electrolyte 18 may be in contact with only the negative electrode 12 of the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 12 , or may be in contact with both the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 12 .
- the partition layer 14 is arranged between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 .
- the partition layer 14 may be wrapped around the negative electrode 12 .
- ⁇ Positive electrode 10> As the positive electrode current collector 26, a metal foil that is electrochemically and chemically stable in the potential range of the positive electrode 10, a film having the metal on the surface layer, or the like can be used.
- the form of the positive electrode current collector 26 is not particularly limited, and for example, a porous body such as a mesh body, punching sheet, or expanded metal of the metal may be used. Examples of materials for the positive electrode current collector 26 include stainless steel, Al, aluminum alloys, and Ti.
- the thickness of the positive electrode current collector 26 is preferably, for example, 3 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of current collection, mechanical strength, and the like.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 28 contains a positive electrode active material. Moreover, the positive electrode mixture layer 28 may contain a binder, a conductive material, and the like.
- the positive electrode 10 is formed by coating a positive electrode mixture slurry containing, for example, a positive electrode active material, a binder, a conductive material, etc. on the positive electrode current collector 26, drying and rolling the coating film, and forming the positive electrode mixture layer 28 into the positive electrode. It can be manufactured by forming it on the current collector 26 .
- positive electrode active materials include lithium (Li) and lithium-containing transition metal oxides containing transition metal elements such as cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni).
- the positive electrode active material may also include transition metal sulfides, metal oxides, lithium - containing materials containing one or more transition metals such as lithium iron phosphate ( LiFePO4 ) and lithium iron pyrophosphate ( Li2FeP2O7 ). Examples include polyanionic compounds, sulfur compounds (Li 2 S), and oxygen-containing metal salts such as oxygen and lithium oxide.
- a lithium-containing transition metal oxide is preferable from the viewpoint of charge/discharge efficiency.
- the lithium-containing transition metal oxide preferably contains at least one element selected from Ni, Co, Mn, and aluminum (Al).
- the lithium-containing transition metal oxide may contain additional elements other than these elements, such as zirconium (Zr), boron (B), magnesium (Mg), scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y).
- lithium-containing transition metal oxides include Li x CoO 2 , Li x NiO 2 , Li x MnO 2 , Li x Co y Ni 1-y O 2 , Li x Co y M 1-y O z , LixNi1 - yMyOz , LixMn2O4 , LixMn2 - yMyO4 , LiMPO4 , Li2MPO4F ( in each chemical formula , M is Na, Mg, Sc , Y, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, Cr, Pb, Sb and B, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.9, 2. 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 2.3).
- Lithium-containing transition metal oxides may also be Li-excess transition metal oxides, lithium-containing transition metal halide oxides, and the like. Li-excess transition metal oxides are represented, for example, by the general formula Li 1+x Me 1-x O 2 (0 ⁇ x).
- the lithium-containing transition metal halide is not particularly limited as long as it contains a halogen atom. It is preferable to include a transition metal oxide containing lithium.
- the conductive material a known conductive material that enhances the electrical conductivity of the positive electrode mixture layer 28 can be used.
- carbon materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, graphite, carbon nanofiber, carbon nanotube, and graphene.
- the binder a known binder that maintains a good contact state between the positive electrode active material and the conductive material and enhances the binding property of the positive electrode active material and the like to the surface of the positive electrode current collector 26 can be used.
- polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE
- fluorine resin such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimide, acrylic resin, polyolefin, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or its salt, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and the like.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- SBR polyethylene oxide
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- the negative electrode current collector 30 As the negative electrode current collector 30, a metal foil that is electrochemically and chemically stable in the potential range of the negative electrode 12, a film having the metal on the surface layer, or the like can be used.
- the form of the negative electrode current collector 30 is not particularly limited, and for example, a porous body such as a mesh of the metal, a punching sheet, or an expanded metal may be used.
- materials for the negative electrode current collector 30 include Al, Ti, Mg, Zn, Pb, Sn, Zr, and In. One of these may be used alone, or an alloy of two or more of them may be used. Also, when two or more elements are included, they do not necessarily have to be alloyed.
- the thickness of the negative electrode current collector 30 is preferably, for example, 3 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of current collection properties, mechanical strength, and the like.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 32 contains a negative electrode active material. Moreover, the negative electrode mixture layer 32 may contain a binder, a conductive material, a thickener, and the like. As the conductive material and binder, the same materials as those on the positive electrode 10 side can be used.
- the negative electrode 12 is formed by coating a negative electrode mixture slurry containing, for example, a negative electrode active material, a binder, a conductive material, etc. on the negative electrode current collector 30, drying and rolling the coating film, and forming the negative electrode mixture layer 32 into the negative electrode collector. It can be manufactured by forming it on the electrical body 30 .
- thickeners examples include carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and modified products thereof (including salts such as Na salts), cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose (cellulose ethers, etc.); polymer cellulose having a vinyl acetate unit such as polyvinyl alcohol; compound; polyether (polyalkylene oxide such as polyethylene oxide, etc.), and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- modified products thereof including salts such as Na salts
- cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose (cellulose ethers, etc.
- polymer cellulose having a vinyl acetate unit such as polyvinyl alcohol
- compound compound
- polyether polyalkylene oxide such as polyethylene oxide, etc.
- the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can be used as a negative electrode active material for conventional lithium ion secondary batteries.
- Materials include metals such as Li, Si and Sn, alloys and oxides, and metal compounds such as metal sulfides and metal nitrides.
- Li alloys include lithium-aluminum alloys, lithium-tin alloys, lithium-lead alloys, and lithium-silicon alloys.
- metal oxides containing Li include lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 etc.).
- Examples of Li-containing metal nitrides include lithium cobalt nitride, lithium iron nitride, and lithium manganese nitride.
- sulfur-based compounds can also be exemplified.
- the aqueous electrolyte 16 contains a lithium salt.
- the aqueous electrolyte 16 containing a lithium salt is, for example, an aqueous liquid electrolyte containing a lithium salt and an aqueous solvent, or an aqueous solid electrolyte in which a lithium salt, an aqueous solvent and a matrix polymer are combined.
- the aqueous solid electrolyte can be obtained, for example, by dissolving a lithium salt in an aqueous solvent and then drying a precursor solution in which a matrix polymer is mixed or dissolved.
- the water-based electrolyte 16 may be liquid or solid, but is preferably a water-based liquid electrolyte in that it can further improve battery characteristics.
- An aqueous solvent is a solvent containing water, and may contain water alone, or may contain water and a solvent other than water.
- the content of water with respect to the total amount of the aqueous solvent is preferably 50% or more by volume in order to improve the safety of the lithium-ion secondary battery 1, for example.
- the amount of water to the lithium salt contained in the aqueous electrolyte 16 is preferably 1:4 or less, preferably in the range of 1:0.5 to 1:4, in terms of the molar ratio of lithium salt:water. More preferably, it is in the range of 1:0.5 to 1:3 mol.
- the amount of water with respect to the lithium salt contained in the aqueous electrolyte 16 is within the above range, for example, the potential window of the aqueous electrolyte 16 expands compared to the case outside the above range, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1 In some cases, the applied voltage can be increased.
- solvents other than water contained in aqueous solvents include organic solvents such as esters, ethers, nitriles, alcohols, ketones, amines, amides, sulfur compounds and hydrocarbons.
- Halogen-substituted products obtained by substituting at least part of the hydrogen atoms of these solvents with halogen atoms such as fluorine may also be used.
- cyclic carbonate such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, vinylidene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc.
- fluorinated carbonates containing fluorine as a constituent element such as chain carbonates, fluoroethylene carbonate, fluorodimethyl carbonate, and methyl fluoropropionate.
- chain carbonates fluoroethylene carbonate
- fluorodimethyl carbonate fluorodimethyl carbonate
- methyl fluoropropionate cyclic carbonates and fluorinated carbonates containing fluorine as a constituent element are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing self-discharge of the battery.
- fluorinated carbonate esters exemplified above fluoroethylene carbonate is preferred.
- These organic solvents may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the organic solvent to the lithium salt contained in the aqueous electrolyte 16 is preferably in the range of 1:0 to 1:2.5, more preferably 1:0 to 1:2 in terms of the molar ratio of lithium salt:organic solvent. A range is more preferred. When the amount of the organic solvent relative to the lithium salt is within the above range, it may be possible to improve the battery characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery compared to when it is outside the above range.
- Any lithium salt can be used as long as it is a compound that dissolves and dissociates in an aqueous solvent and allows lithium ions to exist in the aqueous electrolyte 16 .
- lithium salts include salts with inorganic acids such as perchloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid, salts with halide ions such as chloride ions and bromide ions, and organic anions containing carbon atoms in the structure. and the like.
- Examples of the organic anion that constitutes the lithium salt include anions represented by the following general formulas (i) to (vi). (R 1 SO 2 )(R 2 SO 2 )N ⁇ (i) (R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from an alkyl group or a halogen-substituted alkyl group.
- R 1 and R 2 may combine with each other to form a ring.
- R 3 SO 3 ⁇ (ii) R3 is selected from an alkyl group or a halogen-substituted alkyl group.
- R 4 CO 2 ⁇ (iii) R4 is selected from an alkyl group or a halogen-substituted alkyl group.
- R5SO2 ) 3C- ( iv) R5 is selected from an alkyl group or a halogen-substituted alkyl group.
- R 6 and R 7 are selected from alkyl groups or halogen-substituted alkyl groups.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group or halogen-substituted alkyl group is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 3, and even more preferably 1 to 2. Fluorine is preferred as the halogen in the halogen-substituted alkyl group.
- the number of halogen substitutions in the halogen-substituted alkyl group is equal to or less than the number of hydrogen atoms in the original alkyl group.
- R 1 to R 9 is, for example, a group represented by general formula (vii) below.
- organic anion represented by the general formula (i) include bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI; [N(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ] ⁇ ), bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide (BETI; [N(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 ] ⁇ ), (perfluoroethanesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide ([N(C 2 F 5 SO 2 )(CF 3 SO 2 )] ⁇ ) and the like.
- organic anion represented by the general formula (ii) include CF 3 SO 3 ⁇ and C 2 F 5 SO 3 ⁇ .
- organic anion represented by the general formula (iii) include CF 3 CO 2 ⁇ and C 2 F 5 CO 2 ⁇ .
- organic anion represented by the general formula (iv) include tris(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)carbon acid ([(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C] ⁇ ), tris(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)carbon acid ([(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 3 C] ⁇ ) and the like.
- organic anion represented by the general formula (V) examples include sulfonylbis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([(CF 3 SO 2 )N(SO 2 )N(CF 3 SO 2 )] 2 ⁇ ), sulfonylbis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide ([(C 2 F 5 SO 2 )N(SO 2 )N(C 2 F 5 SO 2 )] 2 ⁇ ), sulfonyl(perfluoroethanesulfonyl) (trifluoro romethanesulfonyl)imide ([(C 2 F 5 SO 2 )N(SO 2 )N(CF 3 SO 2 )] 2 ⁇ ) and the like.
- organic anion represented by the general formula (vi) include carbonylbis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([(CF 3 SO 2 )N(CO)N(CF 3 SO 2 )] 2- ), carbonylbis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide ([( C2F5SO2 )N(CO)N( C2F5SO2 )] 2- ), carbonyl( perfluoroethanesulfonyl )(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([( C 2 F 5 SO 2 )N(CO)N(CF 3 SO 2 )] 2 ⁇ ) and the like.
- organic anions other than the above general formulas (i) to (vi) include bis(1,2-benzenediolate(2-)-O,O') boric acid and bis(2,3-naphthalenediolate).
- Anions such as acid —O, O′) and boric acid can be mentioned.
- an imide anion is preferable.
- Suitable specific examples of the imide anion include, for example, the imide anions exemplified as the organic anions represented by the general formula (i), and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI; [N(FSO 2 ) 2 ] - ), (fluorosulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (FTI; [N(FSO 2 )(CF 3 SO 2 )] ⁇ ), and the like.
- FSI fluorosulfonyl)imide
- FTI fluorosulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
- a lithium salt having a lithium ion and an imide anion can effectively suppress self-discharge of a battery.
- LiBETI lithium (perfluoroethanesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
- LiFSI lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
- LiFTI lithium (fluorosulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
- LiTFSI lithium bis(trifluoro Romethanesulfonyl)imide
- these may be individual and may use 2 or more types together.
- lithium salts include CF3SO3Li , C2F5SO3Li , CF3CO2Li , C2F5CO2Li , ( CF3SO2 ) 3CLi , ( C2 F5SO2 ) 3CLi , ( C2F5SO2 ) 2 ( CF3SO2 ) CLi , ( C2F5SO2 ) ( CF3SO2 ) 2CLi , [ ( CF3SO2 ) N ( SO2) N ( CF3SO2 )] Li2 , [ ( C2F5SO2 ) N ( SO2) N ( C2F5SO2 )] Li2 , [ ( C2F5SO2 ) )N(SO2)N ( CF3SO2 )]Li2, [ ( CF3SO2 )N(CO) N ( CF3SO2 )] Li2 , [ ( C2F5SO2 ) N ( CO)N( C2F5SO2 )]L
- the lithium salt contained in the aqueous electrolyte 16 preferably contains lithium ions and imide anions in that, for example, the battery characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery can be improved. , 4.5 mol/L to 6 mol/L.
- the matrix polymer contained when the aqueous electrolyte 16 is an aqueous solid electrolyte includes, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride-propylene hexafluoride (PVDF-HFP), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the like.
- PVDF-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-propylene hexafluoride
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- the content of the matrix polymer is, for example, preferably 1% by mass or more and 15.0% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, relative to the total amount of the aqueous electrolyte 16. By setting it as the said range, gelation or solidification of the aqueous electrolyte 16 becomes easy, for example.
- the entire positive electrode 10 may be coated, or at least the positive electrode mixture layer 28 may be coated.
- the aqueous solid electrolyte is produced, for example, by dissolving a lithium salt in an aqueous solvent and further by coating the positive electrode 10 with a precursor solution in which a matrix polymer is mixed or dissolved, or by immersing the positive electrode 10 in the precursor solution. , is obtained by coating the precursor solution on the positive electrode 10 and then drying it.
- the entire positive electrode 10 may be immersed in the aqueous liquid electrolyte, but the positive electrode mixture layer 28 may be impregnated with the aqueous liquid electrolyte alone.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte 18 contains a lithium salt.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 containing a lithium salt is, for example, a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte containing a lithium salt and an organic solvent, or a non-aqueous solid electrolyte in which a lithium salt, an organic solvent and a matrix polymer are combined.
- a non-aqueous solid electrolyte is prepared, for example, by heating and drying a precursor solution obtained by dissolving a lithium salt in an organic solvent and further mixing or dissolving a matrix polymer.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 may be liquid or solid, but is preferably a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte in that it can further improve battery characteristics.
- organic solvent examples include known organic solvents used in conventional non-aqueous secondary batteries. Examples include sulfur compounds and hydrocarbons. Among these, it is preferable to use esters, ethers, nitriles, amides, mixed solvents of two or more thereof, and the like from the viewpoint of improving battery characteristics.
- esters include cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate and butylene carbonate, chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate and methylisopropyl carbonate. , methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, ⁇ -butyrolactone and other carboxylic acid esters.
- ethers include 1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, 1,3-dioxane, 1, 4-dioxane, 1,3,5-trioxane, furan, 2-methylfuran, 1,8-cineol, cyclic ethers such as crown ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, di Butyl ether, dihexyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, methyl phenyl ether, ethyl phenyl ether, butyl phenyl ether, pentyl phenyl ether, methoxytoluene, benzyl ethyl ether, diphenyl ether, dibenzyl ether
- the organic solvent preferably contains a halogen-substituted product obtained by substituting a halogen atom such as fluorine for hydrogen in the various solvents described above.
- a halogen atom such as fluorine for hydrogen in the various solvents described above.
- fluorinated cyclic carbonate at least one of fluorinated cyclic carbonate, fluorinated chain carbonate, and fluorinated ether is preferred.
- fluorinated cyclic carbonates include 4-fluoroethylene carbonate, 4,5-difluoroethylene carbonate, 4,4-difluoroethylene carbonate, 4,4,5-trifluoroethylene carbonate, 4,4,5 , 5-tetrafluoroethylene carbonate and the like.
- fluorinated chain carbonate examples include ethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate, methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropionate, and methyl pentafluoropropionate.
- fluorinated ethers include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl 2,2,3,3 - tetrafluoropropyl ether and the like.
- the organic solvent preferably contains a cyclic organic solvent such as a cyclic carbonate from the viewpoint of, for example, suppressing a decrease in lithium ion conductivity of the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 .
- Lithium salts include known lithium salts used in conventional non - aqueous secondary batteries .
- LiC( CpF2p + 1SO2 )( CqF2q + 1SO2 )( CrF2r + 1SO2 ) ) (p, q, and r are integers of 1 or more)
- Li[B(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ] (lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB)), Li[B(C 2 O 4 )F 2 ] , Li[P(C 2 O 4 )F 4 ], Li[P(C 2 O 4 ) 2 F 2 ], LiPO 2 F 2 and the like.
- the lithium salt may be, for example, the above-exemplified lithium salt used for the aqueous electrolyte 16 .
- the same matrix polymer as the aqueous electrolyte 16 can be used.
- the content of the matrix polymer is, for example, preferably 1% by mass or more and 15.0% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, relative to the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 . By setting it as the said range, solidification of the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 becomes easy, for example.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 When the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 is a non-aqueous solid electrolyte, for example, it can effectively suppress contact between the negative electrode 12 and water. preferable.
- the water repellency of the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 can be enhanced, for example, by increasing the proportion of an organic solvent having a water repellent substituent or a fluorinated organic solvent.
- the surface of the negative electrode mixture layer 32 may be coated.
- the entire negative electrode 12 is preferably coated, and more preferably the negative electrode lead 22 (excluding the portion protruding from the battery case 24) is also coated.
- the non-aqueous solid electrolyte is formed by, for example, dissolving a lithium salt in an organic solvent and applying a precursor solution in which a matrix polymer is mixed or dissolved to the negative electrode 12, or attaching the negative electrode lead 22 to the precursor solution. It can be obtained by coating the negative electrode 12 and the like with the precursor solution by immersing it in the negative electrode 12 and then drying it.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 is a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte
- the negative electrode mixture layer 32 may be impregnated with the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte.
- the partition layer 14 contains a non-aqueous solid electrolyte A in which a matrix polymer and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution are combined.
- the matrix polymer comprises a copolymer of acrylonitrile and at least one of methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate.
- the partition layer 14 has a function of, for example, permeating lithium ions and electrically separating the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 12 . Since the partition wall layer 14 of the present embodiment contains the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A, water permeation is suppressed. Suppressed. As a result, a side reaction of water on the negative electrode 12 side is suppressed, and a decrease in capacity due to charge-discharge cycles is suppressed.
- the non-aqueous electrolytic solution may be any known non-aqueous electrolytic solution used in lithium ion secondary batteries, including, for example, lithium salts and non-aqueous solvents.
- the lithium salt and the non-aqueous solvent for example, those exemplified for the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 can be used.
- the non-aqueous electrolytic solution preferably contains a cyclic organic solvent such as a cyclic carbonate from the viewpoint of lithium ion conductivity and the like.
- the organic solvent preferably contains, for example, an organic solvent having a water-repellent substituent or a fluorinated organic solvent in order to suppress water permeability in the partition layer 14 .
- the matrix polymer may contain a copolymer of acrylonitrile and at least one of methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate.
- An acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate copolymer is preferable in terms of suppressing the resistance.
- the content of the matrix polymer is preferably in the range of 5% by mass to 30% by mass, more preferably in the range of 10% by mass to 25% by mass, based on the total amount of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A. Within the above range, for example, the density of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A may be improved, and the permeability of water in the partition wall layer 14 may be further suppressed.
- the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A can be obtained, for example, by a phase inversion method.
- An example of producing the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A by the phase inversion method will be described below.
- a solution is obtained by dissolving the matrix polymer in an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent is desirably a solvent in which the matrix polymer is easily dissolved, and examples thereof include dimethylformamide.
- the solution in which the matrix polymer is dissolved is applied onto a substrate such as a glass plate or aluminum foil.
- a poor solvent eg, water
- the coating film on the substrate to solidify the matrix polymer and form a polymer skeleton (ie, polymer film).
- the polymer skeleton removed from the substrate is immersed in a poor solvent for a predetermined time, or dried by heat treatment such as vacuum heating.
- the resulting polymer skeleton is immersed in a non-aqueous electrolytic solution for a predetermined period of time, and dried by heating for a predetermined period of time.
- a film of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A in which the matrix polymer composed of the polymer skeleton and the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are combined is obtained.
- the obtained film of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A is gel or solid.
- the film of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A produced is used as the partition wall layer 14 .
- the partition wall layer 14 containing the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A may be produced by a production method other than the production method using the phase inversion method, but the production method using the phase inversion method improves the denseness of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A. and the permeability of water in the partition layer 14 can be further suppressed.
- a manufacturing method other than the manufacturing method using the phase inversion method for example, a precursor solution obtained by mixing or dissolving a non-aqueous electrolytic solution and a matrix polymer in an organic solvent is applied to a porous sheet such as a separator and dried. As a result, the partition wall layer 14 is formed by coating the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A on the porous sheet.
- the thickness of the partition layer 14 may be, for example, in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, or in the range of 15 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the partition wall layer 14 is not limited to being composed only of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A, and may include the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A and the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B composed of a different component from the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A.
- a single partition layer in which non-aqueous solid electrolytes A and B are integrated may be used, or a first partition layer including non-aqueous solid electrolyte A and non-aqueous solid electrolyte B are included.
- a laminated structure in which the second partition wall layer is laminated may also be used.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the lithium ion secondary battery of this embodiment.
- the lithium ion secondary battery 2 shown in FIG. 2 has a partition layer 17 including a first partition layer 14 and a second partition layer 15 between the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 12 .
- the first partition layer 14 is a partition layer containing the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A, and is the same as the partition layer 14 shown in FIG.
- the second partition layer 15 is a partition layer containing a non-aqueous solid electrolyte B composed of a component different from that of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A. As shown in FIG.
- the second partition wall layer 15 is obtained, for example, by coating a porous sheet such as a separator with a precursor solution of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B and drying.
- a porous sheet such as a separator
- the precursor solution of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B the precursor solution described above for the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 can be used.
- porous sheets include microporous thin films, woven fabrics, and non-woven fabrics.
- Materials for the porous sheet include olefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, resins such as polyamide, polyamide-imide and cellulose, glasses such as borosilicate glass, silica, alumina and titania, and ceramics.
- the porous sheet may be a laminate having a cellulose fiber layer and a thermoplastic resin fiber layer such as an olefin resin.
- a laminate including a polyethylene layer and a polypropylene layer may be used, or a porous sheet coated with a material such as aramid resin or ceramic may be used.
- the matrix polymer in the precursor solution of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B that is, the matrix polymer constituting the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B is, for example, a fluorine-based matrix polymer in that it suppresses the permeability of water in the second partition wall layer 15. It preferably contains polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B contains an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent contained in the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B those exemplified for the non-aqueous electrolyte 18 can be used.
- the cyclic organic solvent is preferably contained in an amount of 30% by volume or more, more preferably 50% by volume or more, and more preferably 80% by volume or more, relative to the total volume of the organic solvent in the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B. preferable.
- the first partition layer 14 containing the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A is arranged on the positive electrode 10 side
- the second partition layer 15 containing the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B is arranged on the negative electrode 12 side. It is The arrangement of the partition layers is not limited to this. may be placed in
- the thickness of the first partition wall layer 14 may be, for example, in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, or in the range of 15 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the second partition wall layer 15 may be, for example, in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, or in the range of 15 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m. If the first partition layer 14 and the second partition layer 15 are too thick, for example, the battery resistance may increase and the battery performance may deteriorate. If the thickness of the first partition layer 14 and the second partition layer 15 is too thin, for example, the mechanical strength may decrease.
- the partition layer 17 in which the first partition layer 14 containing the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A and the second partition layer 15 containing the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B are laminated is, for example, a polymer skeleton prepared by a phase inversion method in a non-aqueous electrolytic solution. After preparing the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A, the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A is placed on the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B and heated (dried).
- a single partition wall layer in which the non-aqueous solid electrolytes A and B are integrated is, for example, when the non-aqueous solid electrolyte A is prepared by immersing the polymer skeleton prepared by the phase inversion method in a non-aqueous electrolytic solution. , by adding a precursor solution of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B to the non-aqueous electrolytic solution, or by immersing the prepared non-aqueous solid electrolyte A in the precursor solution of the non-aqueous solid electrolyte B. Can be prepared.
- the battery case 24 includes a metal case, a resin case, a laminated film case, and the like.
- materials for the metal case include nickel, iron, and stainless steel.
- Materials for the resin case include, for example, polyethylene and polypropylene.
- a laminate film is, for example, a multilayer film in which a stainless steel foil is coated with a resin film.
- Materials for the resin film include, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate.
- the lithium-ion secondary battery of this embodiment is used in various forms such as square, cylindrical, flat, thin, coin, and laminate.
- Example 1 [Negative electrode] Graphite as a negative electrode active material, SBR as a binder, and CMC as a thickener were mixed at a solid content mass ratio of 98:1:1, and water was added to prepare a negative electrode mixture slurry. Next, the negative electrode mixture slurry was applied onto a negative electrode current collector made of copper foil, and after the coating film was dried, it was rolled with a rolling roller. Then, it was cut into a predetermined electrode size to obtain a negative electrode. The coating amount of the negative electrode mixture slurry and the packing density of the negative electrode mixture layer were 128 g/m 2 and 1.7 gcm ⁇ 3 , respectively.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the positive electrode mixture slurry was applied onto a positive electrode current collector made of Ti foil, and after the coating film was dried, it was rolled with a rolling roller. Then, it was cut into a predetermined electrode size to obtain a positive electrode.
- the coating amount of the positive electrode mixture slurry and the packing density of the positive electrode mixture layer were 234 g/cm 2 and 3.7 gcm ⁇ 3 , respectively.
- Non-aqueous liquid electrolyte A non-aqueous liquid electrolyte was prepared by dissolving 1M LiTFSI in a mixed solution of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropionate (FMP) at a volume ratio of 30:70. did.
- LiTFSI, LiBETI, and water were mixed at a molar ratio of 0.7:0.3:2.0 to prepare an aqueous liquid electrolyte in which LiTFSI and LiBETI were dissolved in water.
- a non-aqueous electrolytic solution was prepared by dissolving 1M LiTFSI in a mixed solvent of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropionate (FMP) at a volume ratio of 90:10. .
- the dried polymer skeleton was immersed in the non-aqueous electrolytic solution for 60 seconds. After that, excess liquid adhering to the polymer skeleton was wiped off and dried in a dryer at 80° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a gel-like non-aqueous solid electrolyte membrane. This was used as the first barrier layer.
- An electrolytic solution was prepared by dissolving 1M LiTFSI in a mixed solution of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropionate (FMP) at a volume ratio of 9:1.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- FMP methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropionate
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- PVDF-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-propylene hexafluoride
- THF is 10 times the amount of PMMA. (tetrahydrofuran) and 10 times the amount of acetone were dissolved in a mixed solvent.
- An electrolytic solution was mixed with the solution to prepare a precursor solution of a non-aqueous solid electrolyte. Then, the porous sheet was immersed in the non-aqueous solid electrolyte precursor solution and then dried at 60° C. for 1 hour to obtain a porous sheet coated with the non-aqueous solid electrolyte. This was used as the second barrier layer.
- the negative electrode to which the negative electrode lead was attached was immersed in a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte to obtain a negative electrode impregnated with the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte.
- the positive electrode to which the positive electrode lead was attached was immersed in the aqueous liquid electrolyte to obtain a positive electrode impregnated with the aqueous liquid electrolyte.
- the electrode body with the first partition layer arranged between the negative electrode and the positive electrode was housed in a battery case to prepare a test cell.
- Example 2 An electrode assembly is used between a negative electrode impregnated with a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte and a positive electrode impregnated with an aqueous liquid electrolyte so that the positive electrode side is the first partition layer and the negative electrode side is the second partition layer.
- a test cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 1 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an electrode body without a partition layer was used between the negative electrode impregnated with the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte and the positive electrode impregnated with the aqueous liquid electrolyte. did.
- Example 2 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an electrode body in which a second partition wall layer was arranged between a negative electrode impregnated with a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte and a positive electrode impregnated with an aqueous liquid electrolyte was used. did.
- Capacity retention rate (%) (discharge capacity at 10th cycle/discharge capacity at 1st cycle) x 100
- Table 1 summarizes the discharge capacity at the 10th cycle of each example and comparative example and the capacity retention rate calculated by the above formula.
- the discharge capacity shown in Table 1 is relative to the discharge capacity of Example 2 as 100 (reference) and the discharge capacities of other examples and comparative examples. Also, the higher the value of the capacity retention rate shown in Table 1, the more suppressed the decrease in capacity accompanying charge-discharge cycles.
- Examples 1 and 2 showed higher values for both the discharge capacity and the capacity retention rate. From this result, according to Examples 1 and 2 in which a non-aqueous solid electrolyte containing an acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate copolymer was used as a partition wall layer, a lithium ion secondary battery using an aqueous electrolyte did not decrease in capacity due to charge-discharge cycles. I can say that I was able to suppress it.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
正極集電体26としては、正極10の電位範囲で電気化学的、化学的に安定な金属の箔、及び当該金属を表層に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。正極集電体26の形態は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、当該金属のメッシュ体、パンチングシート、エキスパンドメタル等の多孔体を使用してもよい。正極集電体26の材料としては、例えば、ステンレス鋼、Al、アルミニウム合金、Ti等が挙げられる。正極集電体26の厚さは、集電性、機械的強度等の観点から、例えば、3μm以上50μm以下が好ましい。
負極集電体30としては、負極12の電位範囲で電気化学的、化学的に安定な金属の箔、及び、当該金属を表層に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。負極集電体30の形態は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、当該金属のメッシュ体、パンチングシート、エキスパンドメタル等の多孔体を使用してもよい。負極集電体30の材料としては、例えば、Al、Ti、Mg、Zn、Pb、Sn、Zr、In等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で用いても良く、2種以上の合金等でもよく、少なくとも1つを主成分とする材料から構成されていればよい。また、2つ以上の元素を含む場合において、必ずしも合金化されている必要性はない。負極集電体30の厚さは、集電性、機械的強度等の観点から、例えば3μm以上50μm以下が好ましい。
水系電解質16はリチウム塩を含む。リチウム塩を含む水系電解質16は、例えば、リチウム塩及び水系溶媒を含む水系液体電解質、或いはリチウム塩、水系溶媒及びマトリックスポリマーが複合化された水系固体電解質である。水系固体電解質は、例えば、水系溶媒にリチウム塩を溶解させ、更にマトリックスポリマーを混合又は溶解させた前駆体溶液を、乾燥させることにより得られる。水系電解質16は液体であっても固体であっても良いが、より電池特性を向上させることができる点で、水系液体電解質であることが好ましい。
(R1SO2)(R2SO2)N- (i)
(R1、R2は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。R1及びR2は互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。)
R3SO3 - (ii)
(R3は、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。)
R4CO2 - (iii)
(R4は、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。)
(R5SO2)3C- (iv)
(R5は、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。)
[(R6SO2)N(SO2)N(R7SO2)]2-(v)
(R6、R7は、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。)
[(R8SO2)N(CO)N(R9SO2)]2-(vi)
(R8、R9は、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。)
CnHaFbClcBrdIe (vii)
(nは1以上の整数であり、a、b、c、d、eは0以上の整数であり、2n+1=a+b+c+d+eを満足する。)
非水系電解質18は、リチウム塩を含む。リチウム塩を含む非水系電解質18は、例えば、リチウム塩及び有機溶媒を含む非水系液体電解質、或いはリチウム塩、有機溶媒及びマトリックスポリマーが複合された非水系固体電解質である。非水系固体電解質は、例えば、有機溶媒にリチウム塩を溶解させ、更にマトリックスポリマーを混合又は溶解させた前駆体溶液を、加熱乾燥させることにより調製される。非水系電解質18は、液体であっても固体であっても良いが、より電池特性を向上させることができる点で、非水系液体電解質であることが好ましい。
隔壁層14は、マトリックスポリマー及び非水系電解液が複合化された非水系固体電解質Aを含む。マトリックスポリマーは、メタクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸メチル、及び酢酸ビニルのうちの少なくとも1つとアクリロニトリルとのコポリマーを含む。隔壁層14は、例えば、リチウムイオンを透過し、正極10及び負極12を電気的に分離する機能を有する。そして、本実施形態の隔壁層14は、上記非水系固体電解質Aを含むことで、水の浸透が抑制されるため、隔壁層14を介した正極10側から負極12側への水の移動が抑制される。その結果、負極12側での水の副反応が抑えられ、充放電サイクルに伴う容量低下が抑制される。
[負極]
負極活物質としての黒鉛と、結着剤としてのSBRと、増粘剤としてのCMCを98:1:1の固形分質量比で混合し、水を添加して負極合材スラリーを調製した。次に、当該負極合材スラリーを銅箔からなる負極集電体上に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧延ローラーにより圧延した。そして、所定の電極サイズに切断して、負極を得た。負極合材スラリーの塗布量、及び負極合材層の充填密度は、それぞれ128g/m2、1.7gcm-3であった。
正極活物質としてのLiNi0.82Co0.15Al0.03O2と、導電材としてのカーボンブラックと、結着剤としてのPVDFとを、98:1:1の質量比で混合し、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)を添加して正極合材スラリーを調製した。次に、当該正極合材スラリーを、Ti箔からなる正極集電体上に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧延ローラーにより圧延した。そして、所定の電極サイズに切断して、正極を得た。正極合材スラリーの塗布量、及び正極合材層の充填密度は、それぞれ234g/cm2、3.7gcm-3であった。
フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)と、3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピオン酸メチル(FMP)とを、体積比30:70で混合した混合溶液に、1MのLiTFSIを溶解させて非水系液体電解質を調製した。
LiTFSIと、LiBETIと、水とを、モル比で0.7:0.3:2.0となるように混合して、水にLiTFSI及びLiBETIを溶解させた水系液体電解質を調製した。
DMF(ジメチルホルムアミド)溶媒に、マトリックスポリマーであるアクリロニトリル-メタクリル酸メチルコポリマーが10質量%になるように加えた溶液を、85℃でマトリックスポリマーが完全に溶解するまで撹拌した。この溶液をガラス板上に25μmの厚みで塗布し、その上に水を滴下して、マトリックスポリマーを凝固させ、多孔質構造のポリマー骨格を得た。ポリマー骨格をガラス板から剥がして、水中に10分浸漬した後、ポリマー骨格を100℃の真空乾燥で、一晩乾燥させた。
フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)と、3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピオン酸メチル(FMP)とを、体積比9:1で混合した混合溶液に、1MのLiTFSIを溶解させて電解液を調製した。次に、電解液に対して、4質量%のポリメタクリル酸メチル(PMMA)と、8質量%のポリフッ化ビニリデン-六フッ化プロピレン(PVDF-HFP)を準備し、PMMAの10倍量のTHF(テトラヒドロフラン)と10倍量のアセトンを混合した溶媒に溶解させた。その溶解液に、電解液を混合して、非水系固体電解質の前駆体溶液を調製した。そして、多孔性シートを非水系固体電解質の前駆体溶液に浸漬させた後、60℃で1時間乾燥させ、非水系固体電解質でコーティングされた多孔性シートを得た。これを第2隔壁層として使用した。
負極リードを取り付けた負極を非水系液体電解質に浸漬させ、非水系液体電解質が含浸された負極を得た。また、正極リードを取り付けた正極を水系液体電解質に浸漬させ、水系液体電解質が含浸された正極を得た。この負極と正極との間に、第1隔壁層を配置した電極体を、図1に示すように、電池ケースに収容して、試験セルを作製した。
非水系液体電解質が含浸された負極と水系液体電解質が含浸された正極との間に、正極側を第1隔壁層、負極側を第2隔壁層となるように配置した電極体を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
非水系液体電解質が含浸された負極と水系液体電解質が含浸された正極との間に、隔壁層を設置していない電極体を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
非水系液体電解質が含浸された負極と水系液体電解質が含浸された正極との間に、第2隔壁層を配置した電極体を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
各実施例及び比較例の試験セルを、0.05Cで4.2Vまで定電流充電し、20分休止した。その後、0.05Cで2.5Vまで定電流放電し、20分休止した。この充放電サイクルを10サイクル繰り返し、下記式により、容量維持率を求めた。
容量維持率(%)=(10サイクル目の放電容量÷1サイクル目の放電容量)×100
Claims (7)
- 負極と、正極と、リチウム塩を含む非水系電解質と、リチウム塩を含む水系電解質と、前記負極と前記正極との間に配置される隔壁層と、を有し、
前記水系電解質は、前記負極及び前記正極のうち、前記正極のみに接触しており、
前記非水系電解質は、前記負極及び前記正極のうち、少なくとも前記負極に接触しており、
前記隔壁層は、マトリックスポリマー及び非水系電解液が複合化された非水系固体電解質Aを含み、
前記マトリックスポリマーは、メタクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸メチル、及び酢酸ビニルのうちの少なくとも1つとアクリロニトリルとのコポリマーを含む、リチウムイオン二次電池。 - 前記マトリックスポリマーは、アクリロニトリル-メタクリル酸メチルコポリマーである、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記隔壁層は、前記非水系固体電解質Aと異なる成分からなる非水系固体電解質Bを含む、請求項1又は2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記隔壁層は、前記非水系固体電解質Aを含む第1隔壁層と、前記非水系固体電解質Bを含む第2隔壁層とが積層した積層構造体である、請求項3に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記非水系固体電解質Bはフッ素系マトリックスポリマーを含む、請求項3又は4に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記フッ素系マトリックスポリマーは、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)を含む、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記非水系固体電解質Bは、環状有機溶媒を含む有機溶媒を含有し、前記環状有機溶媒は前記有機溶媒の総体積に対して50体積%以上含まれる、請求項5又は6に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/283,093 US20240154162A1 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-11-15 | Lithium ion secondary battery |
CN202180096391.XA CN117063325A (zh) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-11-15 | 锂离子二次电池 |
EP21935132.7A EP4318727A1 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-11-15 | Lithium ion secondary battery |
JP2023510211A JPWO2022208978A1 (ja) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-11-15 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021058545 | 2021-03-30 | ||
JP2021-058545 | 2021-03-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022208978A1 true WO2022208978A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
Family
ID=83458508
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2021/041878 WO2022208978A1 (ja) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-11-15 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240154162A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP4318727A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2022208978A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN117063325A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2022208978A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024190050A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-16 | 2024-09-19 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 二次電池用電解液および二次電池 |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0123453B2 (ja) | 1979-04-26 | 1989-05-02 | Roussel Uclaf | |
WO2011089710A1 (ja) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 水系電解液電池の負極構造、及び、当該負極構造を備えた水系電解液電池 |
JP2012028017A (ja) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-02-09 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 金属−空気電池システム |
JP2018022655A (ja) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-08 | スズキ株式会社 | リチウム空気電池 |
JP2018156837A (ja) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 二次電池、電池パック及び車両 |
JP2018156895A (ja) | 2017-03-21 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 二次電池、電池パック及び車両 |
JP2018198131A (ja) | 2017-05-23 | 2018-12-13 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2019046687A (ja) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-03-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 水系リチウムイオン二次電池用負極の製造方法、及び、水系リチウムイオン二次電池の製造方法 |
JP2019160734A (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 組電池、電池パック、車両、及び、定置用電源 |
JP2020149930A (ja) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-17 | 株式会社東芝 | 電池、電池パック、車両及び定置用電源 |
JP2020198289A (ja) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-10 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 三層系電解液を含む電気化学デバイス |
-
2021
- 2021-11-15 CN CN202180096391.XA patent/CN117063325A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-15 US US18/283,093 patent/US20240154162A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-15 JP JP2023510211A patent/JPWO2022208978A1/ja active Pending
- 2021-11-15 EP EP21935132.7A patent/EP4318727A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-15 WO PCT/JP2021/041878 patent/WO2022208978A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0123453B2 (ja) | 1979-04-26 | 1989-05-02 | Roussel Uclaf | |
WO2011089710A1 (ja) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 水系電解液電池の負極構造、及び、当該負極構造を備えた水系電解液電池 |
JP2012028017A (ja) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-02-09 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 金属−空気電池システム |
JP2018022655A (ja) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-08 | スズキ株式会社 | リチウム空気電池 |
JP2018156837A (ja) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 二次電池、電池パック及び車両 |
JP2018156895A (ja) | 2017-03-21 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 二次電池、電池パック及び車両 |
JP2018198131A (ja) | 2017-05-23 | 2018-12-13 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2019046687A (ja) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-03-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 水系リチウムイオン二次電池用負極の製造方法、及び、水系リチウムイオン二次電池の製造方法 |
JP2019160734A (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 組電池、電池パック、車両、及び、定置用電源 |
JP2020149930A (ja) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-17 | 株式会社東芝 | 電池、電池パック、車両及び定置用電源 |
JP2020198289A (ja) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-10 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 三層系電解液を含む電気化学デバイス |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, vol. 49, 2004, pages 3339 - 3345 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024190050A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-16 | 2024-09-19 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 二次電池用電解液および二次電池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4318727A1 (en) | 2024-02-07 |
CN117063325A (zh) | 2023-11-14 |
US20240154162A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
JPWO2022208978A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4837614B2 (ja) | リチウム二次電池 | |
CN113728483B (zh) | 非水电解质溶液添加剂以及包含其的锂二次电池用非水电解质溶液和锂二次电池 | |
WO2015080102A1 (ja) | 二次電池用電解液およびこれを用いた二次電池 | |
JP2007335319A (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP7134556B2 (ja) | リチウム二次電池 | |
JP3525553B2 (ja) | 非水系ポリマー電池 | |
WO2018173476A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
KR20110056151A (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2022208978A1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP6123674B2 (ja) | リチウム二次電池及びこれを用いた車両 | |
KR102593273B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지 | |
KR20190024104A (ko) | 이차전지용 전해액, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 또는 하이브리드 캐패시터 | |
JP4265169B2 (ja) | 二次電池用電解液およびそれを用いた二次電池 | |
Inaba et al. | Up-to-date development of lithium-ion batteries in Japan | |
JP2015162304A (ja) | 非水電解質電池 | |
WO2023007991A1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP4710230B2 (ja) | 二次電池用電解液及び二次電池 | |
JP4525018B2 (ja) | リチウム二次電池用電解液およびそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 | |
JP2002260726A (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2022030109A1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池 | |
WO2022070650A1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池 | |
KR102670735B1 (ko) | 하이브리드 무음극 전고체 리튬이차전지 및 그의 제조방법 | |
EP4050684A1 (en) | Aluminum foil, lithium secondary battery negative electrode, lithium secondary battery separator, and lithium secondary battery | |
KR102721825B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 비수전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
CN116404250A (zh) | 锂二次电池用电解液及包括该电解液的锂二次电池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21935132 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023510211 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18283093 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202180096391.X Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2021935132 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2021935132 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20231030 |