WO2022183862A1 - 一种发动机的进气歧管、发动机及车辆 - Google Patents

一种发动机的进气歧管、发动机及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022183862A1
WO2022183862A1 PCT/CN2022/072822 CN2022072822W WO2022183862A1 WO 2022183862 A1 WO2022183862 A1 WO 2022183862A1 CN 2022072822 W CN2022072822 W CN 2022072822W WO 2022183862 A1 WO2022183862 A1 WO 2022183862A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
intake
cavity
intake manifold
engine
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/072822
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李丽
张楠
潘世翼
郭鹏
何逵聪
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to AU2022231195A priority Critical patent/AU2022231195A1/en
Priority to EP22762331.1A priority patent/EP4279733A4/en
Priority to BR112023017654A priority patent/BR112023017654A2/pt
Publication of WO2022183862A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022183862A1/zh
Priority to US18/234,034 priority patent/US20230383712A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
    • F02M26/19—Means for improving the mixing of air and recirculated exhaust gases, e.g. venturis or multiple openings to the intake system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
    • F02M35/10026—Plenum chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
    • F02M35/10026—Plenum chambers
    • F02M35/10045—Multiple plenum chambers; Plenum chambers having inner separation walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10091—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by details of intake ducts: shapes; connections; arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10222—Exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]; Positive crankcase ventilation [PCV]; Additional air admission, lubricant or fuel vapour admission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10262—Flow guides, obstructions, deflectors or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/06—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding lubricant vapours
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the intake manifold can mix the fresh air with the exhaust gas of EGR (Exhaust Gas Re-circulation, exhaust gas recirculation), distribute it to each intake port, and then enter the cylinder of the engine.
  • EGR exhaust Gas Re-circulation, exhaust gas recirculation
  • the design of the air manifold has a significant impact on the performance of the engine.
  • the existing exhaust gas inlet is generally designed above the pressure-stabilizing cavity of the intake manifold pipe. Due to the limited volume of the pressure-stabilizing cavity, there is a risk of uneven mixing with fresh air after the exhaust gas enters the pressure-stabilizing cavity. In addition, due to the high temperature of the exhaust gas, the accuracy of the pressure and temperature sensor will be affected to a certain extent, causing the control module to make judgment errors, thereby affecting the normal operation of the engine. In order to solve this problem, the intake manifold of some engines is equipped with a premixing cavity. However, due to the unreasonable design of the premixing cavity, in a low temperature environment, a lot of oil emulsion and condensation are likely to accumulate in the premixing cavity. water, which in turn affects the combustion performance of the engine.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, and provides an intake manifold of an engine, an engine and a vehicle, which utilizes a premixing cavity to improve the mixing uniformity of exhaust gas and fresh air, and The oil emulsion and condensed water can flow into the cylinder to participate in the combustion, effectively reduce the accumulation phenomenon and improve the engine performance.
  • an intake manifold of an engine comprising a premixing cavity, a pressure-stabilizing cavity and a plurality of air intake passages, wherein the air intake passages are connected to the bottom of the pressure-stabilizing cavity, so that the One end of the premixing cavity is an air intake end with an air inlet, and the other end of the premixing cavity is communicated with the pressure-stabilizing cavity and is close to the top of the pressure-stabilizing cavity.
  • An exhaust gas inlet is provided at a position of the mixing chamber close to the air inlet.
  • connection between the premixing chamber and the pressure-stabilizing chamber is provided with a separation structure for extending the stroke of the gas in the premixing chamber.
  • the partition structure includes a partition plate, one side of the partition plate is a connection side connected to the premix cavity, and the other side of the partition plate is provided with a flow guide On the flow-guiding side of the structure, the flow-guiding structure is used to guide the gas in the pressure-stabilizing cavity to enter each of the air inlets uniformly.
  • the connecting side includes a connecting surface connecting the premixing cavity and a flow guiding surface, and the flow guiding surface guides the gas in the premixing cavity to the pressure stabilization cavity.
  • the guide surface is in the shape of a circular arc.
  • the flow guide structure includes a flow guide plate vertically disposed along the edge of the flow guide side and facing the pressure-stabilizing cavity, and connected to the flow guide plate and the partition Plate stiffeners.
  • the deflector and the reinforcing rib are arc-shaped.
  • a top corner of the partition plate is provided with an inlay structure for inlaying the partition plate in the premix cavity.
  • the air intake port and the exhaust gas intake port are disposed opposite to both sides of the intake end.
  • the premixing chamber is further provided with a carbon canister desorption port and a PCV valve vent.
  • first tracheal portion and the second tracheal portion are in a straight tube shape or a straight tube-like shape, and the air intake of the first tracheal portion, the circular arc portion and the second tracheal portion The lengths of the paths are similar.
  • the cross-sectional area of the intake port at the preset position is 70-80% of the cross-sectional area of the front end surface of the first air pipe portion, and/or the intake port is at The cross-sectional area at the preset position is similar to the cross-sectional area of the rear end surface of the second trachea portion.
  • the preset position is located at a middle position of the second trachea portion, and/or the circular arc portion is in an arc shape with a central angle of 30-60 degrees.
  • the present disclosure also provides an engine including an engine body and an intake manifold of the engine as described above.
  • the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body, and also includes the above-mentioned intake manifold of the engine or the above-mentioned engine.
  • the exhaust gas and fresh air of EGR can enter the premixing cavity from the exhaust gas inlet and the air inlet of the premixing cavity, and the gas is in the premixing cavity. After mixing in the cavity, it enters the air inlet at the bottom of the stabilizing cavity through the stabilizing cavity, and participates in the combustion of the engine, which can effectively improve the mixing uniformity of the exhaust gas and the fresh air, and can avoid the excessive temperature of the exhaust gas from affecting the normal operation of the sensor.
  • the oil emulsion and condensed water generated in the premixing chamber can enter the combustion chamber through the air inlet at the bottom of the pressure-stabilizing chamber to participate in the combustion, effectively reducing the amount of oil emulsion. build up and improve the performance of the engine.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of an intake manifold of an engine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is the sectional view at the section line A-A in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of an intake manifold of an engine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of a partition plate of an intake manifold of an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of a partition plate of an intake manifold of an engine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a partition plate of an intake manifold of an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an intake passage of an intake manifold of an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • orientation or positional relationship which are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or
  • the conventional placement state or use state which is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred structure, feature, device or element must have a particular orientation or positional relationship, nor must it be in a particular orientation construction and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
  • plural means two or more.
  • the intake manifold 1 includes a premixing cavity 10 , a pressure-stabilizing cavity 11 and a plurality of intake passages 13 , wherein , the air inlet 13 is connected to the bottom of the pressure-stabilizing cavity 11, one end of the pre-mixing cavity 10 is an air intake end with an air inlet 101, and the other end of the pre-mixing cavity 10 is connected to the pressure-stabilizing cavity 11 and Close to the top of the pressure stabilization chamber 11 , an exhaust gas inlet 102 is provided at a position of the premix chamber 10 near the air inlet 101 .
  • fresh air can enter the premixing cavity 10 from the air intake port 101
  • EGR exhaust gas can enter the premixing cavity from the exhaust gas intake port 102 .
  • the fresh air and exhaust gas can be mixed in the premixing chamber 10 and then enter the stabilizing chamber 11, and then enter the cylinder through the intake port 13 at the bottom of the stabilizing chamber 11 to participate in combustion, and the air inlet 101 and the exhaust gas inlet 102 are close to the intake end of the premixing chamber 10, so that the fresh air and the exhaust gas can be mixed through a sufficient distance, on the one hand, the mixing uniformity of the gas (including the fresh air and the exhaust gas) is improved, and on the other hand It can also reduce the temperature of the gas, prevent the temperature from being too high and affect the relevant pressure and temperature sensors, and improve the overall stability of the engine.
  • the oil emulsion and condensed water generated in the premixing chamber 10 Under the action of its own gravity, it will enter the cylinder through the pressure-stabilizing cavity 11 and flow through the intake port 13 to participate in the combustion, effectively avoiding the accumulation of oil emulsion and condensed water in the premixing cavity 10, and ensuring the combustion of the engine. performance.
  • the other end of the premixing chamber 10 is close to the top of the voltage-stabilizing chamber 11 .
  • One end of the 10 connected to the stabilizing chamber 11 will be closer to the top of the side, so that the product in the premixing chamber 10 can flow into the stabilizing chamber 11 .
  • the pre-mixing chamber 10 may also be located on the top of the pressure-stabilizing chamber 11 .
  • a partition structure 12 is provided at the connection between the premixing cavity 10 and the pressure-stabilizing cavity 11 , and the partitioning structure 12 is used to extend the gas flow in the premixing cavity. 10 trips.
  • the separation structure 12 may be located at the connection between the premixing chamber 10 and the pressure-stabilizing chamber 11 , so that the length of the premixing chamber 10 is not increased, that is, the length of the premixing chamber 10 is not affected.
  • the stroke and time of the gas in the premixing cavity 10 are extended to further improve the mixing uniformity of the gas and reduce the temperature of the gas.
  • the partition structure 12 includes a partition plate 121 , and one side of the partition plate 121 is connected to the premix chamber 10 .
  • the other side of the partition plate 121 is the flow guide side provided with the flow guide structure 122 , and the flow guide structure 122 is used to guide the gas in the premixing cavity 10 to enter each air inlet 13 uniformly.
  • the engine is generally provided with a plurality of air intake passages 13 , preferably four in this embodiment.
  • the gas in the premixing chamber 10 enters the pressure-stabilizing chamber 11 , the gas in the premixing chamber 10 will pass through the flow guiding structure of the partition plate 121 . Under the action of 122 , the gas can enter into each air inlet 13 uniformly, which can effectively improve the problem of non-uniformity of air intake in each air inlet 13 .
  • connection side includes a connection surface and a flow guide surface, wherein the flow guide surface can guide the gas in the premix chamber 10 into the pressure stabilization chamber 11 , specifically, the flow guide surface
  • the surface is smooth and the flatness is high, which is conducive to the stable flow of the gas in the premixing chamber 10 to the pressure-stabilizing chamber 11 .
  • the guide surface can be in the shape of a circular arc, which further improves the guide effect of the guide surface.
  • the guide structure 122 includes a guide plate 122a and a reinforcing rib 122b, and the guide plate 122a can be along the guide side The edge is arranged vertically and faces the pressure-stabilizing cavity 11 , and the reinforcing rib 122b is connected to the guide plate 122a and the partition plate 121 .
  • the reinforcing rib 122b and the deflector 122a can be in the shape of a circular arc.
  • the deflector The radian of 122a can be between 80-100 degrees, and the number of reinforcing ribs 122b can be 3-8. In this way, the air intake unevenness of the intake port 13 can be ensured within 5%, and the combustion consistency of the engine can be effectively improved. sex.
  • a mosaic structure 123 is provided at the top corner of the partition plate 121 , and the mosaic structure 123 is used to inlay the partition plate 121 on the cavity wall of the premixing cavity 10 .
  • the partition plate 121 can be independently developed and designed, which effectively simplifies the design of the mold at the pressure-stabilizing cavity 11 , and the inlaid structure 123 also simplifies the welding process, which can improve production efficiency.
  • the mosaic structure 123 may be a T-shaped or I-shaped structure in cross section.
  • the mosaic structure 123 may also be other suitable structures, or may be connected by other connection methods, such as Welded or integrally formed.
  • each of the air inlets 13 may be uniformly arranged along the length direction of the pressure-stabilizing cavity 11 .
  • the number of air inlets 13 may preferably be 4, and each air inlet 13 may be arranged at intervals.
  • the connection (connection) between the premixing chamber 10 and the pressure-stabilizing chamber 11 may be At a position approximately facing the second intake port 13 (counted from left to right in FIG. 2 ), the partition plate 121 may be approximately located between the first intake port 13 and the second intake port 13 , In specific applications, the specific positions of the partition plate 121 and the premixing cavity 10 can be reasonably adjusted according to the specific conditions of the engine.
  • the intake end of the premixing chamber 10 extends in the length direction of the pressure-stabilizing chamber 11 and faces the pressure-stabilizing chamber
  • the bottom direction of 11 is bent so that the position of the intake end is lower than that of the premixing chamber 10.
  • a part of the product will enter the cylinder through the intake port 13 to participate.
  • another part of the product will flow to the lower intake end and be discharged without forming accumulation in the premixing chamber, ensuring the combustion performance of the engine under long-term operation.
  • the air inlet 101 and the exhaust gas inlet 102 may be disposed opposite to both sides of the air inlet.
  • the air intake port 101 may face the front of the intake end (or the premixing cavity 10 )
  • the exhaust gas intake port 102 may face the front of the intake end (or the premixing cavity 10 ).
  • the mixing time of exhaust gas and fresh air can be effectively prolonged, so that the gas can be fully mixed.
  • the premixing chamber 10 is further provided with a carbon canister desorption port 104 and a PCV (Positive Crankcase Ventilation, forced crankcase ventilation) valve ventilation 103, specifically
  • the carbon canister desorption port 104 may be located on the front side of the premix chamber 10
  • the PCV valve vent 103 may be located on the back side of the premix chamber 10 .
  • the air intake duct 13 includes a first tracheal portion 131 , a circular arc portion 132 and a second tracheal portion 133 .
  • the first tracheal portion 131 has a The front end surface 1311 of the pressure chamber connection
  • the second air pipe part 133 has a rear end surface 1332 for connecting with the cylinder
  • the cross-sectional size of the front end surface 1311 of the first air pipe part 131 to the preset position 1331 is gradually reduced, and the preset position 1331 It may be located at the second trachea portion 133 .
  • the intake port 13 as a "tapered" structure, when the gas flows through the intake port 13, under the condition that the pressure remains unchanged, the cross-sectional area of the intake port 13 is gradually reduced, and the flow rate of the gas will be reduced. Gradually increase, in the same time, the intake port 13 will flow through more gas, so that the combustion of the engine is more complete.
  • the first tracheal portion 131 and the second tracheal portion 133 may be in the shape of straight tubes, and the first tracheal portion 131 , the arc portion 132 and the The lengths of the intake paths of the second air pipe portions 133 are similar. Specifically, the length difference of the first air pipe portion 131 , the arc portion 132 and the second air pipe portion 133 may be within 10% (based on the length of the arc portion 132 ), and the length of the arc portion 132 refers to a circle The length of the central axis of the arc portion 132 .
  • the gas can have a better tumble flow effect when the engine is taking in, which is beneficial to the improvement of the combustion performance of the engine.
  • the cross-section of the air intake duct 13 may be circular, oval, rectangular or other suitable shapes, and the cross-sectional shapes of the first air pipe portion 131 , the second air pipe portion 133 and the arcuate portion 132 may be the same, or Different, this embodiment is not limited.
  • the cross-sectional area at the preset position 1331 may be 70-80% of the cross-sectional area of the front end surface 1311 of the first trachea portion 131, and/ Or, the cross-sectional area at the preset position 1331 may be similar to the cross-sectional area of the rear end surface 1332 of the second trachea portion 133 .
  • the cross-sectional area of the intake port 13 at the preset position 1331 may be slightly smaller than that of the second trachea portion 133
  • the cross-sectional area of the rear end surface 1332 of , and the difference between the two areas may be within 5% (based on the cross-sectional area at the preset position 1331 ).
  • the cross-sectional area at the preset position 1331 can be appropriately adjusted.
  • the preset position 1331 may be located at the middle position of the second trachea portion 133 , and preferably the preset position 1331 is between the rear end surface 1332 of the second trachea portion 133 .
  • the length is 1/6 of the intake path of the intake port 13 .
  • the circular arc portion 132 may have an arc shape with a central angle ⁇ of 30-60 degrees.
  • the front part of the air inlet 13 can have less resistance, and the steady flow effect of the rear part of the air inlet 13 can be ensured, and the steady flow effect of the gas passing through the air inlet 13 can be effectively improved .
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an engine, including an engine body and an intake manifold 1 of the engine as described above, which can effectively improve the combustion performance of the engine and ensure the working state of the engine after long-term operation. It can be a naturally aspirated engine or a turbocharged engine.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body, and also includes the above-mentioned intake manifold 1 of the engine or the above-mentioned engine.
  • EGR exhaust gas and fresh air can enter the premix chamber from the exhaust gas inlet 102 and the air inlet 101 of the premix chamber 10 In 10, after the gas is mixed in the premixing chamber 10, the gas enters the air inlet 13 at the bottom of the voltage stabilizing chamber 11 through the stabilizing chamber 11, and participates in the combustion of the engine, which can effectively improve the mixing uniformity of the exhaust gas and the fresh air. , which can prevent the exhaust gas with excessive temperature from affecting the normal operation of the sensor.
  • the oil emulsion and condensed water generated in the premixing chamber 10 can pass through the intake air at the bottom of the pressure-stabilizing chamber 11 under the action of its own gravity.
  • Channel 13 enters the combustion chamber to participate in the combustion, effectively reducing the accumulation of oil emulsion and improving the performance of the engine.
  • the amount of gas obtained can be increased, so that the combustion of the engine is more sufficient, and at the same time, the gas can have a better tumble effect, which is beneficial to the improvement of the combustion performance of the engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

一种发动机的进气歧管（1），包括预混腔体（10）、稳压腔体（11）和多个进气道（13），进气道（13）连接于稳压腔体（11）的底部，预混腔体（10）的一端为具有空气进气口（101）的进气端，预混腔体（10）的另一端连通于稳压腔体（11）且靠近于稳压腔体（11）的顶部，预混腔体（10）靠近空气进气口（101）的位置处设置有废气进气口（102）。还涉及一种发动机及车辆。在实际应用中，进气歧管的结构可有效减少堆积现象，提高发动机性能。

Description

一种发动机的进气歧管、发动机及车辆
本公开要求于2021年03月01日提交中国专利局，申请号为202110224846.3，申请名称为“一种发动机的进气歧管、发动机及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开属于发动机领域，尤其涉及一种发动机的进气歧管、发动机及车辆。
背景技术
进气歧管作为发动机的部件之一，能够将新鲜空气和EGR(Exhaust Gas Re-circulation，废气再循环)的废气混合后，分配到各进气道，再进入发动机的气缸内，因此，进气歧管的设计对发动机的性能有着重要的影响。
目前，现有的废气进气口一般设计在进气歧管管道的稳压腔体上方，由于稳压腔体的容积有限，废气进入稳压腔后会存在与新鲜空气混合不均的风险，并且由于废气的温度较高，一定程度上会影响压力温度传感器的准确度，造成控制模块出现判断失误，进而影响发动机的正常运行。为了解决这一问题，一些发动机的进气歧管设置了预混腔体，但是由于预混腔体设计的不合理，在低温环境下，预混腔体内容易堆积较多的机油乳化物和冷凝水，进而影响发动机的燃烧性能。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少解决上述技术问题之一，提供了一种发动机的进气歧管、发动机及车辆，其利用预混腔体提高废气与新鲜空气的混合均匀性，同时预混腔体内所产生的机油乳化物和冷凝水可以流入气缸内参与燃烧，有效减少堆积现象，提高发动机性能。
本公开的技术方案是：一种发动机的进气歧管，包括预混腔体、稳压腔体和多个进气道，所述进气道连接于所述稳压腔体的底部，所述预混腔体的一端为具有空气进气口的进气端，所述预混腔体的另一端连通于所述稳压腔体且靠近于所述稳压腔体的顶部，所述预混腔体靠近所述空气进气口的位置处设置有废气进气口。
在进一步实施例中，所述预混腔体与所述稳压腔体的连接处设置有用于延长气体在所述预混腔体中的行程的分隔结构。
在进一步实施例中，所述分隔结构包括分隔板，所述分隔板的一侧为连接于所述预混腔体的连接侧，所述分隔板的另一侧为设置有导流结构的导流侧，所述导流结构用于引导所述稳压腔体内的气体均匀进入各所述进气道。
在进一步实施例中，所述连接侧包括连接所述预混腔体的连接面和导流面，所述导流面将所述预混腔体中的气体导向所述稳压腔体。
在进一步实施例中，所述导流面呈圆弧形。
在进一步实施例中，所述导流结构包括沿所述导流侧的边缘竖直设置且朝向于所述稳压腔体的导流板，以及连接于所述导流板和所述分隔板的加强筋。
在进一步实施例中，所述导流板和所述加强筋呈圆弧形。
在进一步实施例中，所述分隔板的顶角处设置有用于将所述分隔板镶嵌于所述预混腔体的镶嵌结构。
在进一步实施例中，各所述进气道沿所述稳压腔体的长度方向均匀设置，所述进气端向所述稳压腔体的长度方向延伸并朝所述稳压腔体的底部方向弯折。
在进一步实施例中，所述空气进气口和所述废气进气口相对设置于所述进气端的两侧。
在进一步实施例中，所述预混腔体还设置有碳罐脱附口和PCV阀通风口。
在进一步实施例中，所述进气道包括顺序连通的第一气管部、圆弧部和第二气管部，所述第一气管部具有用于与所述稳压腔体连接的前端面，所述第二气管部具有用于与气缸连接的后端面，所述进气道的从所述第一气管部的前端面到预设位置的截面的尺寸逐渐减小，所述预设位置位于第二气管部。
在进一步实施例中，所述第一气管部和所述第二气管部呈直管状或类直管状，且所述第一气管部、所述圆弧部和所述第二气管部的进气路径的长度相近。
在进一步实施例中，所述进气道在所述预设位置处的截面面积为所述第一气管部的前端面的截面面积的70-80％，且/或，所述进气道在所述预设位置处的截面面积与所述第二气管部的后端面的截面面积相近。
在进一步实施例中，所述预设位置位于所述第二气管部的中部位置处，且/或，所述圆弧部呈圆心角为30-60度的弧形。
本公开还提供一种发动机，包括发动机本体和如上述的一种发动机的进气歧管。
本公开还提供了一种车辆，包括车辆本体，还包括上述的一种发动机的进气歧管或上述的一种发动机。
本公开所提供的一种发动机的进气歧管、发动机及车辆，EGR的废气和新鲜空气可以从预混腔体的废气进气口和进气口进入预混腔体中，气体在预混腔体中混合后通过稳压腔体进入位于稳压腔体底部的进气道中，参与发动机的燃烧，可以有效提高废气和新鲜空气的混合均匀性，能够避免温度过高的废气影响传感器的正常工作，同时，预混腔体中所产生的机油乳化物和冷凝水可以在其自身的重力作用下，通过稳压腔体底部的进气道进入燃烧室中参与燃烧，有效减少机油乳化物的堆积，提高发动机的性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开实施例提供的一种发动机的进气歧管的正视图；
图2是图1中A-A剖线处的剖视图；
图3是本公开实施例提供的一种发动机的进气歧管的侧视图；
图4是本公开实施例提供的一种发动机的进气歧管的分隔板所处位置的示意图；
图5是本公开实施例提供的一种发动机的进气歧管的分隔板的主视图；
图6是本公开实施例提供的一种发动机的进气歧管的分隔板的立体结构示意图；
图7是本公开实施例提供的一种发动机的进气歧管的进气道的示意图。
图中：
1、进气歧管；10、预混腔体；101、空气进气口；102、废气进气口；103、PCV阀通风口；104、碳罐脱附口；11、稳压腔体；12、分隔结构；121、分隔板；122、导流结构；122a、导流板；122b、加强筋；123、镶嵌结构；13、进气道；131、第一气管部；1311、前端面；132、圆弧部；133、第二气管部；1331、预设位置；1332、后端面。
具体实施方式
为了使本公开的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本公开进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本公开，并不用于限定本公开。
需要说明的是，术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是直接设置、连接，也可以通过居中元部件、居中结构间接设置、连接。
另外，本公开实施例中若有“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系的用语，其为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系或常规放置状态或使用状态，其仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的结构、特征、装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或位置关系、也不是必须以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征和各实施例，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，例如通过不同的具体技术特征/实施例/实施方式的组合可以形成不同的实施方式，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开中各个具体技术特征/实施例/实施方式的各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
本公开实施例提供的一种发动机的进气歧管1，请参考图1至图3，进气歧管1包括预混腔体10、稳压腔体11和多个进气道13，其中，进气道13连接于稳压腔体11的底部，预混腔体10的一端为具有空气进气口101的进气端，预混腔体10的另一端连通于稳压腔体11且靠近于稳压腔体11的顶部，预混腔体10靠近空气进气口101的位置处设置有废气进气口102。具体应用中，本实施例的进气歧管1应用于发动机时，新鲜空气可以从空气进气口101进入预混腔体10中，EGR的废气可以从废气进气口102进入预混腔体10中，新鲜空气与废气可以在预混腔体10中混合后进入稳压腔体11中，再通过稳压腔体11底部的进气道13进入气缸中参与燃烧，并且空气进气口101和废气进气口102均靠近于预混腔体10的进气端，使得新鲜空气与废气能够经过足够的距离混合，一方面提高气体(包括新鲜空气和废气)的混合均匀性，另一方面也能够降低气体的温度，防止温度过高而影响相关压力温度传感器，提高发动机整体的稳定性。进一步地，在发动机运行的过程中，由于本实施例中预混腔体10的另一端靠近于稳压腔体11的顶部，因此，预混腔体10中所产生的机油乳化物和冷凝水，会在自身重力的作用下，通过稳压腔体11并流经进气道13进入 气缸中参与燃烧，有效避免了预混腔体10中机油乳化物和冷凝水的堆积，保证发动机的燃烧性能。需要说明的是，本实施例中，预混腔体10的另一端靠近于稳压腔体11的顶部，可以是预混腔体10位于稳压腔体11的一侧，并且预混腔体10连接于稳压腔体11的一端会更靠近于该侧的顶部，以使得预混腔体10中的产物能够流入稳压腔体11中。当然，在别的实施例中，预混腔体10也可以位于稳压腔体11的顶部。
请参考图2，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，预混腔体10与稳压腔体11的连接处设置有分隔结构12，分隔结构12用于延长气体在预混腔体10中的行程。具体应用中，分隔结构12可以位于预混腔体10和稳压腔体11的连接处，如此，可以在不增加预混腔体10的长度的情况下，即不影响预混腔体10的整体强度的前提下，延长气体在预混腔体10中的行程和时间，进一步提高气体的混合均匀性以及降低气体的温度。
请参考图4至图6，具体地，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，分隔结构12包括分隔板121，分隔板121的一侧为连接于预混腔体10的连接侧，分隔板121的另一侧为设置有导流结构122的导流侧，导流结构122用于引导预混腔体10内的气体均匀进入各进气道13。具体应用中，发动机一般设置有多个进气道13，本实施方式中优选为4个，预混腔体10中的气体在进入稳压腔体11时，在分隔板121的导流结构122的作用下，气体可以均匀地进入各进气道13内，有效改善各进气道13的进气不均匀性的问题。
请继续参考图5和图6，进一步地，连接侧包括连接面和导流面，其中，导流面可以将预混腔体10中的气体导向稳压腔体11中，具体地，导流面光滑且平整度高，有利于预混腔体10中的气体稳定流动至稳压腔体11。进一步地，导流面可以呈圆弧形，进一步提高导流面的导流效果。
请继续参考图5和图6，进步一地，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，导流结构122包括导流板122a和加强筋122b，导流板122a可以沿导流侧的边缘竖直设置，并朝向于稳压腔体11，加强筋122b连接于导流板122a和分隔板121。优选地，本实施方式中，加强筋122b和导流板122a可以呈圆弧形，具体应用中，经申请人测试，气体在进入稳压腔体11时，在本实施方式中，导流板122a的弧度可以在80-100度之间，且加强筋122b的数量可以在3-8根，如此，能够确保进气道13的进气不均匀性在5％以内，有效提高发动机的燃烧一致性。
请继续参考图5和图6，进一步地，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，分隔板121的顶角处设置有镶嵌结构123，镶嵌结构123用于将分隔板121镶嵌于预混腔体10的 腔体壁。具体应用中，可以将分隔板121单独开发设计，有效简化了稳压腔体11处的模具设计方案，同时镶嵌结构123也简化了焊接工艺，能够提高生产效率。具体地，镶嵌结构123可以为截面呈T字型或工字型的结构，当然，在别的实施方式中，镶嵌结构123也可以为其他合适的结构，或者也可以通过其他连接方式连接，例如焊接或者一体成型。
请重新参考图1和图2，进一步地，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，各进气道13可以沿稳压腔体11的长度方向均匀设置。本实施方式中，进气道13可以优选为4个，且各进气道13可以间隔设置，以图2为例，预混腔体10与稳压腔体11的连接处(连通处)可以大致朝向于第二个进气道13(在图2中从左往右数)的位置处，分隔板121可以大致位于第一个进气道13和第二个进气道13之间，具体应用中，分隔板121以及预混腔体10的具体位置可以根据发动机具体情况合理调整。
请参考图1，进一步地，预混腔体10的进气端(设置有空气进气口101和废气进气口102的一端)向稳压腔体11的长度方向延伸并朝稳压腔体11的底部方向弯折，使得进气端的位置低于预混腔体10，如此，在预混腔体10内产生机油乳化物和冷凝水后，一部分产物会通过进气道13进入气缸内参与燃烧，另一部分产物会流向位置较低的进气端并排出，而不会在预混腔内形成堆积，保证发动机长时间运行下的燃烧性能。
请重新参考图3，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，空气进气口101和废气进气口102可以相对设置于进气端的两侧。具体地，本实施方式中，空气进气口101可以朝向于进气端(或预混腔体10)的正面，废气进气口102可以朝向于进气端(或预混腔体10)的背面，如此，可以有效延长废气和新鲜空气的混合时间，使气体充分混合。
请继续参考图3，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，预混腔体10还设置有碳罐脱附口104和PCV(Positive Crankcase Ventilation，曲轴箱强制通风)阀通风103，具体应用中，碳罐脱附口104可以位于预混腔体10的正面，PCV阀通风口103可以位于预混腔体10的背面。
请参考图7，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，进气道13包括第一气管部131、圆弧部132和第二气管部133，第一气管部131具有用于与稳压腔连接的前端面1311，第二气管部133具有用于与气缸连接的后端面1332，第一气管部131的前端面1311到预设位置1331处的截面尺寸逐渐减小，预设位置1331可以位于第二气管部133。如此，通过将进气道13设计成“渐缩型”结构，当气体从进气道13流过时，在压力不变的情况下，因进气道13的截面积逐渐缩小，气体的流速会逐渐提高，在相同的时间内，进气道13会 流经更多的气体，使发动机的燃烧更加充分。
请继续参考图7，进一步地，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，第一气管部131和第二气管部133可以呈直管状，且第一气管部131、圆弧部132和第二气管部133的进气路径长度相近。具体地，第一气管部131、圆弧部132和第二气管部133的三者的长度差可以在10％以内(以圆弧部132的长度为基准)，圆弧部132的长度指圆弧部132中轴线的长度。具体应用中，受到加工工艺的影响，在第一气管部131、圆弧部132和第二气管部133成型后，可以会出现轻微变形，使得第一气管部131和第二气管部133可能不是标准的直管状，而呈现为类直管状。但并不影响本公开的保护范围。
通过这样的设计，可以在发动机进气时，使气体具有更好的滚流效果，有利于发动机燃烧性能的提高。具体应用中，进气道13的截面可以为圆形、椭圆形、矩形或者其他合适的形状，并且第一气管部131、第二气管部133和圆弧部132的截面形状可以相同，也可以不同，本实施例不加以限制。
请参考图7，具体地，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，预设位置1331处的截面面积可以为第一气管部131的前端面1311截面面积的70-80％，且/或，预设位置1331处的截面面积可以与第二气管部133的后端面1332截面面积相近，具体应用中，进气道13在预设位置1331处的截面面积可以略小于第二气管部133的后端面1332的截面面积，且两者的面积差可以在5％以内(以预设位置1331处的截面面积为基准)。如此，可以有效降低气体在进气道13内的流动阻力，使气体在进气道13内的流动更为平稳。当然，在别的实施方式中，预设位置1331处的截面面积可以进行适当调整。
更具体地，作为本实施例的其中一种可选实施方式，预设位置1331可以位于第二气管部133的中部位置处，优选的预设位置1331到第二气管部133的后端面1332的长度为进气道13的进气路径的1/6。进一步地，圆弧部132可以呈圆心角α为30-60度的弧形。具体应用中，通过上述设计，能够使得进气道13的前部分具有较小的阻力，且能够保证进气道13的后部分的稳流效果，有效提高气体通过进气道13的稳流效果。
本公开实施例还提供一种发动机，包括发动机本体和如上述的一种发动机的进气歧管1，可以有效提高发动机的燃烧性能，保证发动机长时间运行后的工作状态，具体应用中，发动机可以为自然吸气发动机，也可以为涡轮增压发动机。
本公开实施例还提供了一种车辆，包括车辆本体，还包括上述的一种发动机的进气歧管1或上述的一种发动机。
本公开实施例所提供的一种发动机的进气歧管、发动机及车辆，EGR的废气和新鲜空气可以从预混腔体10的废气进气口102和空气进气口101进入预混腔体10中，气体在预混腔体10中混合后通过稳压腔体11进入位于稳压腔体11底部的进气道13中，参与发动机的燃烧，可以有效提高废气和新鲜空气的混合均匀性，能够避免温度过高的废气影响传感器的正常工作，同时，预混腔体10中所产生的机油乳化物和冷凝水可以在其自身的重力作用下，通过稳压腔体11底部的进气道13进入燃烧室中参与燃烧，有效减少机油乳化物的堆积，提高发动机的性能。另外，通过进气道13的设计，可以提高气体的获取量，使发动机的燃烧更加充分，同时也能够使气体具有更好的滚流效果，利于发动机燃烧性能的提高。
以上所述仅为本公开的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，包括预混腔体、稳压腔体和多个进气道，所述进气道连接于所述稳压腔体的底部，所述预混腔体的一端为具有空气进气口的进气端，所述预混腔体的另一端连通于所述稳压腔体且靠近于所述稳压腔体的顶部，所述预混腔体靠近所述空气进气口的位置处设置有废气进气口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述预混腔体与所述稳压腔体的连接处设置有用于延长气体在所述预混腔体中的行程的分隔结构。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述分隔结构包括分隔板，所述分隔板的一侧为连接于所述预混腔体的连接侧，所述分隔板的另一侧为设置有导流结构的导流侧，所述导流结构用于引导所述稳压腔体内的气体均匀进入各所述进气道。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述连接侧包括连接所述预混腔体的连接面和导流面，所述导流面将所述预混腔体中的气体导向所述稳压腔体。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述导流面呈圆弧形。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述导流结构包括沿所述导流侧的边缘竖直设置且朝向于所述稳压腔体的导流板，以及连接于所述导流板和所述分隔板的加强筋。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述导流板和所述加强筋呈圆弧形。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述分隔板的顶角处设置有用于将所述分隔板镶嵌于所述预混腔体的镶嵌结构。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，各所述进气道沿所述稳压腔体的长度方向均匀设置，所述进气端向所述稳压腔体的长度方向延伸并朝所述稳压腔体的底部方向弯折。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述空气进气口和所述废气进气口相对设置于所述进气端的两侧。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述预混腔体还设置有碳罐脱附口和PCV阀通风口。
  12. 如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述进气道 包括顺序连通的第一气管部、圆弧部和第二气管部，所述第一气管部具有用于与所述稳压腔体连接的前端面，所述第二气管部具有用于与气缸连接的后端面，所述进气道的从所述第一气管部的前端面到预设位置的截面的尺寸逐渐减小，所述预设位置位于第二气管部。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述第一气管部和所述第二气管部呈直管状或类直管状，且所述第一气管部、所述圆弧部和所述第二气管部的进气路径的长度相近。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述进气道在所述预设位置处的截面面积为所述第一气管部的前端面的截面面积的70-80％，且/或，所述进气道在所述预设位置处的截面面积与所述第二气管部的后端面的截面面积相近。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的发动机的进气歧管，其特征在于，所述预设位置位于所述第二气管部的中部位置处，且/或，所述圆弧部呈圆心角为30-60度的弧形。
  16. 一种发动机，其特征在于，包括发动机本体和如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的发动机的进气歧管。
  17. 一种车辆，包括车辆本体，其特征在于，还包括如权利要求16所述的发动机。
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